CN110465495A - A kind of high-efficiency seed cleaner - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-efficiency seed cleaning machine, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The frame of the cleaning machine has a feeding hopper and an air outlet in the center; the lower part of the feeding hopper is opposite to the feeding port of the screening part; The high ends of the two are connected under the feed inlet, and the low ends are respectively equipped with miscellaneous discharge grooves, and the bottom is respectively equipped with dumping plates; The lower end of the uppermost layer and the second upper layer is under the lower end of the ejection plate, and the lower end of the lower end is installed in parallel with it; The lower end of the parallel sorting board leads to the seed outlet through the air flotation screen; the air outlet of the blower at the bottom of the frame leads to the rear suction duct. The invention significantly reduces impurity content, improves screening efficiency, and guarantees operation quality for a long time.

Description

A high-efficiency seed cleaning machine

technical field

The invention relates to a seed cleaning machine, in particular to a high-efficiency seed cleaning machine, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background technique

Screening and cleaning is a common means of cleaning rapeseed and other seeds. It can be seen from the search that the Chinese patent document with the application number 201820337323.3 discloses a double-layer counter-directional cleaning screen structure for a rapeseed combine harvester, including a mounting frame, a shaking plate and a drive shaft. Vibrating screen, the shaking plate is fixedly installed above the double-layer vibrating screen through a support frame, the side of the shaking plate is connected with a connecting rod through a chute, and is fixedly connected with the side of the upper vibrating screen through the connecting rod , the side of the installation frame is fixedly installed with a driving wheel through a sliding groove, and a cleaning screen transmission mechanism is installed through the driving wheel, and the output end of the drive shaft is fixedly connected with the input end of the cleaning screen transmission mechanism through a transmission rod . Although the double-layer anisotropic cleaning screen structure of the rapeseed combine harvester can improve the screening quality of seeds to a certain extent, there are still the following shortcomings: 1) The screening area is small, and the processing efficiency of seeds is low; 2) Wind selection and Insufficient screening makes it difficult to completely remove the impurities in the seeds; in addition, the replacement of the sieve surface is not convenient, so the adaptability is not good. In order to solve the blockage of the cleaning sieve and ensure the normal progress of seed cleaning, the seed cleaning equipment is often equipped with a cleaning mechanism. Cleaning mechanism. However, practice shows that the above-mentioned prior art has the following points to be improved: 1) The sieve surface is flat, not only the sieving efficiency determined by its sieving area can be further improved, but also the seeds completely rely on vibration sieving, and the screening effect needs to be further improved; 2) The diameter of the sieve cleaning pinball is uniform, and the collision movement during sieve cleaning is easy to form a certain regularity, and the effect is not ideal; 3) Considering that it is easy to wear and tear, the thickness of the sieve is thick and it is easy to block.

Contents of the invention

The primary purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency seed cleaning machine that can significantly reduce the impurity content and improve the screening efficiency in view of the shortcomings of the prior art.

The further object of the present invention is to propose a high-efficiency seed cleaning machine that can always maintain the quality of seed screening by optimizing the design of the sieve cleaning.

In order to achieve the above primary purpose, the basic technical solution of the high-efficiency seed cleaning machine of the present invention is as follows: it includes a feeding hopper with a vibrating feeding device located at the front end of the top of the frame, and bottom belts are respectively installed on both sides below the air outlet at the center of the top of the frame. The front and rear bucket-shaped settling chambers of the screw conveyor; the end of the rear bucket-shaped settling chamber away from the feed hopper communicates with the vertical rear suction air duct upper end;

The bottom of the feed hopper is opposite to the feed inlet at the top end of the screening part arranged in the middle of the frame; the screening part contains five layers of high-efficiency seed cleaning screens, which are divided into a group of two on the top and a group of three on the bottom. The upper screen box and the lower screen box are placed on the upper screen box and the lower screen box at a slope of one-half of the self-flow angle of the seeds to be cleaned, and the upper screen box and the lower screen box are located on the vibrating mechanism;

The high-end ends of the two high-efficiency seed cleaning sieves of the top group and the second high-level are staggered and received under the downward-sloping end of the inclined feed plate in the feed inlet, and the low ends are respectively equipped with miscellaneous grooves, and the lower ends are respectively equipped with Equipped with a pouring plate parallel to it;

The middle-level high-efficiency seed cleaning sieve in the lower group is inclined in the opposite direction to the upper group of cleaning sieves, and its high end is connected to the lower end of the two ejection plates that are staggered at the corresponding ends of the uppermost and second upper-level high-efficiency seed cleaning sieves. Under it, there is a material discharge plate parallel to it; the high-end ends of the second lower layer and the lowermost layer of the high-efficiency seed cleaning screen of the lower group are staggered to accept the low end of the middle layer of the high-efficiency seed cleaning screen, which The lower part is equipped with separate miscellaneous plates parallel to it, and its lower end leads to the seed outlet through the air flotation screen; the lower end of each miscellaneous plate is respectively equipped with miscellaneous discharge grooves;

The bottom of the frame is equipped with a motor-driven blower, and the air outlet of the blower passes through the air flotation screen through the uniform air duct and then leads to the rear air suction duct.

The further improvement of the present invention is that the screen meshes of the uppermost, second upper and middle high-efficiency seed cleaning sieves are elliptical holes with a width greater than the seed particle diameter; The surface mesh is an elliptical hole with a width smaller than the seed particle diameter.

A further improvement of the present invention is that the vibrating mechanism includes an eccentric wheel mechanism driven by a motor between the upper screen box and the lower screen box, and the two phases are staggered by 180°. The two eccentric wheel mechanisms are respectively connected to the upper screen box and the lower screen box The screen boxes are connected, and the bottoms of the upper screen box and the lower screen box are respectively connected with the frame through vertical elastic strips. When the motor is started, the upper screen box and the lower screen box are driven to reciprocate and swing left and right with the elastic deformation of the elastic strips respectively through the eccentric wheel linkage mechanism, so as to realize the required screening vibration.

A further improvement of the present invention is that the vibrating mechanism includes an eccentric wheel mechanism driven by a motor between the upper screen box and the lower screen box, and the two phases are staggered by 180°. The two eccentric wheel mechanisms are respectively connected to the upper screen box and the lower screen box The sieve box is hinged, and the upper sieve box and the lower sieve box respectively form a moving pair with the upper track and the lower track fixed on the frame at an angle of 1/2 of the self-flow angle of the seeds to be cleaned, which essentially constitutes an eccentric wheel linkage slider mechanism. When the motor is started, the upper screen box and the lower screen box are driven to reciprocate and linearly move along the upper track and the lower track respectively through the eccentric wheel connecting rod, so as to realize the required screening vibration.

When working, the seeds to be cleaned fall from the feeding hopper, through the feeding plate of the feeding port, about half of them fall to the uppermost layer, and the other half fall to the screen surface of the next upper layer of high-efficiency seed cleaning screen. Driven by the sieving action of the upper sieve box, the sieved seeds fall to the corresponding pouring plate, and flow to the middle high-efficiency seed cleaning sieve, while the larger debris (commonly known as large debris) left by the sieve is sieved along the sieve After that, the seeds falling on the high-efficiency seed cleaning sieve in the middle layer will pass through the sieve surface and fall into the discharge plate below under the action of the sieve, and fall from about half of the lower end of the discharge plate. After reaching the second lower layer, the other half falls on the screen surface of the lowest layer of high-efficiency seed cleaning sieve. After sieving, it is gathered from the low end and transported to the seed outlet, and the smaller debris that is sieved and falls on the miscellaneous boards of each layer ( Commonly known as small miscellaneous) is sieved to the miscellaneous discharge tank for discharge. When passing through the air flotation screen in the process of being transported to the seed outlet, the shriveled and moth-eaten bad seeds are blown up by the airflow of the blower and enter the rear suction duct, and at the same time reach the upper part of the frame under the assistance of the negative pressure of the exhaust port, and fall to the In the post-sedimentation chamber, it is output by the screw conveyor at the bottom; and the seeds that have been screened, sorted and optimized can finally be output from the seed outlet.

A further improvement of the present invention is that the space between the lower part of the feed hopper and the feed inlet and the air exhaust port form a winnowing gas path. In this way, after the seeds to be cleaned fall from the feed hopper, the lighter impurities in them are directly sucked into the front settling chamber and pushed out by the screw conveyor at the bottom, which is more conducive to reducing the impurity content.

Because the present invention relies on reasonable diversion, the upper and lower sieve boxes are mainly sieved by two layers of cleaning sieves at the same time to sieve or sieve the seeds, so the sieving area is doubled and the screening efficiency is obviously improved; and the self-flow during the seed sieving vibration process is fully utilized, In addition, the sieving and sieving of seeds are used successively to remove large and small impurities respectively. The high-efficiency seed cleaning sieve with a reverse inclination in the middle layer not only plays the role of connecting the circuitous flow channel with a compact structure, but also because the sieve surface It is inclined in the opposite direction to the sieving motion, resulting in the actual state of jiggling, so that the cleaning process is combined with the action of jigging and sieving, so the impurity content is significantly reduced.

In order to achieve a further purpose, the high-efficiency seed cleaning sieve includes a rectangular sieve frame inclined at a 1/2 artesian angle ± 1° of the seeds to be screened, and the upper and bottom surfaces of the sieve frame are respectively provided with the rigidity of dense meshes. The sieve surface and the woven grid with dense square perforations; the sieve frame is divided into several ball-holding sieve grids of the same size by longitudinal bars and transverse ribs;

The sieve surface is in a wave shape with periodic undulations corresponding to the spacing of the transverse ribs. The horizontal section and the inclined section whose peaks and troughs are equal in length are connected by rounded transitions. The inclination angle of the inclined section is equal to the seed artesian angle ± 1 °;

Two kinds of plastic marbles with diameters greater than the side length of the leakage hole are placed in the ball-holding sieve.

This unique curved surface structure sieve surface not only increases the sieving area, but also makes full use of the self-flow during the seed sieving process, effectively improving the cleaning quality. At the same time, the screen cleaning pinballs with different diameters and predetermined densities under the screen surface can achieve almost no blind area cleaning effect, which ensures the operation quality for a long time, and properly solves the problems of the existing technology, which are easy to block the screen, difficult to clean, and affect the operation quality.

A further perfection of the present invention is that the screen surface is made of 0.5±0.1mm thin steel plate which has undergone surface carbonitriding wear-resistant treatment. The surface treatment can ensure that the sieve surface has sufficient service life, and reducing the thickness as much as possible greatly reduces the phenomenon of seed blocking the sieve, and also makes it obtain greater amplitude when it is hit by the cleaning pinball, which is beneficial to sieve cleaning.

A further perfection of the present invention is that both sides of the screen surface are supported by profiling strips with similar shapes.

A further improvement of the present invention is that the side length of the ball-holding screen is 200±3 mm, and three plastic marbles with a diameter of 30±1 mm and four plastic balls with a diameter of 25±1 mm are placed therein.

It can be seen that, because the present invention pays attention to many optimized design details that are generally ignored, it draws up a complete technical solution that is difficult to think of, and can obtain optimized screening and cleaning effects.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the screening component of the embodiment in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional exploded schematic diagram of Fig. 2 (the vibrating mechanism is omitted).

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the high-efficiency seed cleaning sieve of Fig. 1 embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of Fig. 4 (the screen surface is removed).

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional exploded structure of FIG. 5 .

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of design parameters of FIG. 6 .

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the results of the pinball density test.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the test results of pinball particle size.

Detailed ways

Embodiment one

The high-efficiency seed cleaning machine of the present embodiment is shown in Figure 1, and the front end of the top of frame 11 is the feeding hopper 3 that contains vibrating feeding device 4 (structure is similar to the prior art), and the center of frame 11 top is external The suction port 5 of the suction fan, the bottom sides of the suction port 5 are respectively equipped with front and rear bucket-shaped settling chambers 6, 16 with a screw conveyor 13 at the bottom. From the bottom of the feed hopper 3 (the distance between it and the feed inlet) to the air outlet 5, the wind separation air path is formed, and the lighter impurities in the seeds to be cleaned can be directly sucked into the settling chamber first. The end of the rear bucket-shaped settling chamber 16 away from the feed hopper 3 communicates with the upper end of the vertical rear air suction channel 15 . The bottom of the feed hopper 3 is opposite to the feed inlet 1-3 at the top end of the screening unit 1 (see FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 ) arranged in the middle of the frame 11 . The high-efficiency seed cleaning sieve suitable for particle diameter 2mm specification rapeseed screening is installed in the screening part 1 shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, and the feed inlet 1-3 of the top end of this screening part 1 is equipped with towards the end downwards The feeding plate 1-2, the five layers of high-efficiency seed cleaning and screening are divided into two groups - the upper group of two and the lower group of three, and the rectangular screen frame passes through the upper guide rail 1-4 and the lower guide rail 1-4' respectively It can be plugged and fixedly placed on the upper screen box 1-1 and the lower screen box 1-11 with a 5° tilt at a gravity angle of 1/2 of the rapeseed, so the cleaning screen can be easily replaced on demand. The upper screen box 1-1 and the lower screen box 1-11 are located on the vibrating mechanism.

The high-end ends of the uppermost and second upper-level high-efficiency seed cleaning screens 2 in the upper group are staggered and accepted under the downward-sloping end of the feed plate 1-2, and the low ends are respectively equipped with a row of sundries discharged towards both sides. Miscellaneous groove 1-5; The uppermost layer and second upper layer high-efficiency seed cleaning screen 2 are respectively equipped with the material dumping plate 1-6 parallel to it.

The middle-level high-efficiency seed cleaning screen 2' in the following group is reversely inclined with the previous group of cleaning screens, and its high end is staggered at the corresponding ends of the uppermost and second upper-level high-efficiency seed cleaning screens 2. 6. Under the low end, a material dumping plate 1-6' parallel thereto is equipped thereunder. The high-end ends of the second lower layer and the lowermost high-efficiency seed cleaning screen of the lower group are staggered and accepted at the low end of the middle-level high-efficiency seed cleaning screen 2', and a miscellaneous board parallel to it is respectively installed below it, each miscellaneous board The lower ends of the tanks are respectively equipped with miscellaneous discharge grooves to discharge the sundries toward both sides. The lower end of the next lower layer and the lowermost high-efficiency seed cleaning screen all leads to the seed outlet 1-8 through the air flotation screen 14. The blower 9 driven by the motor 10 is installed on the bottom of the frame 11 , and the air outlet of the blower leads to the rear air suction channel 15 after passing through the air flotation screen through the even air channel 12 . In this way, the screening components form a "zigzag" circuitous cleaning and screening channel, and are organically combined with the front and rear secondary winnowing channels.

The vibrating mechanism refers to the Chinese patent literature with the application number 200620078061.0, which includes the eccentric wheel mechanism 1-7 driven by the motor 1-9 between the upper screen box 1-1 and the lower screen box 1-11 with a staggered 180° of two phases. The wheel mechanism 1-7 is connected with the upper screen box 1-1 and the lower screen box 1-11 through connecting rods 1-10 and 1-10' respectively. The bottoms of the upper screen box 1-1 and the lower screen box 1-11 are respectively connected with the frame through vertical elastic strips, so they can be screened left and right under the drive of the motor through the eccentric wheel linkage.

The high-efficiency seed cleaning screen 2 or 2' of the upper and lower two groups has the same basic structure, as shown in Figure 4 to Figure 7, the upper and bottom surfaces of the rectangular sieve frame 2-1 are respectively provided with a rigid sieve surface 2-2 and a densely covered mesh. Densely covered woven grids 2-4 with side length 12.5 mm square leak holes. The meshes of each layer of high-efficiency seed cleaning sieves are different. The meshes of the uppermost layer, the second upper layer and the middle layer of high-efficiency seed cleaning sieves are elliptical holes with a width of 3.2mm and a length of 25mm. The lateral distance between adjacent elliptical holes 5mm, longitudinal distance 30mm; the meshes of the next lower layer and the lowest layer are elliptical holes with a width of 1.8mm and a length of 20mm, the horizontal distance between adjacent oval holes is 4mm, and the vertical distance is 25mm.

The rectangular sieve frame 2-1 that four frame bars surround is divided into some length and width by longitudinal retaining bar 3-1 and transverse rib 3-2 and is 200 millimeters, the same size ball sieve grid. In order to obtain the best cleaning effect, the applicant carried out two groups of optimization tests, and first investigated the influence of the number of cleaning pinballs with a diameter of 25mm on the cleaning efficiency. It can be seen from Figure 8 that when the number of cleaning pinballs is small, the impact frequency of the pinballs on the screen surface during the operation is low, and the cleaning effect is not ideal, resulting in low cleaning efficiency. As the number of pinballs increases, the cleaning efficiency gradually increases. When the number of pinballs is 7, the cleaning efficiency is the highest. When the number further increases, the movement of the pinballs is affected and restricted by each other, and the cleaning efficiency begins to decrease. It shows that the density of plastic marbles is preferably 1-2/square decimeter. Then, in order to further improve the cleaning effect and obtain better cleaning quality, while keeping the total number of 7 pinballs unchanged, the applicant replaced the large pinballs with a diameter of 30mm with small pinballs with a diameter of 25mm one by one, and Investigate the effect of replacing different numbers of small marbles on the cleaning effect. It can be seen from Figure 9 that the cleaning effect is the best when 3 large marbles are used to replace the original 3 small marbles, that is, each screen has 3 large marbles and 4 small marbles, because the large and small marbles will Random hits with different intensities and frequencies, and reduced impact blind spots. It is thus determined that three 30 mm in diameter and four 25 mm in diameter plastic marbles are placed in each ball sieve grid. The diameter of the pinball is greater than the side length of the leak hole.

As shown in Figure 7, the rigid screen surface 2-2 is made of a 0.5mm thin plate that has undergone surface carbonitriding and wear-resistant treatment. Similar profiling strips 2-5 support to avoid leaks. The inclined section AB and the horizontal section BC with equal crest and trough lengths are connected by a transition of rounded angle R=400mm, and the inclination angle of the installed inclined section AB is equal to the self-flowing angle of seeds 10°.

When working, after the seeds to be cleaned fall from the feeding hopper, the lighter impurities are sucked into the front settling chamber and pushed out by the screw conveyor at the bottom. After that, the upper screen box and the lower screen box of the screening part are Driven by the two eccentric wheels driven by the motor, the sieve reciprocates at a frequency of 5Hz and a stroke of 30mm. The feed hopper falls to the feed inlet. About half of the seeds to be cleaned fall to the uppermost layer along the feed plate, and the other half fall to the sieve surface of the second upper layer of high-efficiency seed cleaning sieve. The sifted seeds fall to the corresponding pour After the material plate, the sieve flows to the high-efficiency seed cleaning sieve in the middle layer, while the larger debris (commonly known as large debris) retained by the sieve is sieved along the screen surface to the debris discharge tank for discharge.

After that, the seeds fall on the middle high-efficiency seed cleaning sieve through the sieve surface and fall into the lower feeding plate, and sieve about half of them fall to the second lower layer, and the other half fall to the sieve surface of the lowest high-efficiency seed cleaning sieve. And the sieve is gathered by its low end, and is air-selected again when passing through the air flotation sieve 14 to remove the inferior seeds with lighter weight, and finally the qualified seeds are output from the seed outlet, and are sieved to fall on the miscellaneous plates of each layer. Smaller debris (commonly known as small debris) is sieved to the debris discharge tank for discharge.

Compared with the prior art, this embodiment has the following significant advantages:

1) The multi-layer sieve and its curved surface structure greatly increase the screening area and improve the efficiency;

2) Not only is the removal of impurities more thorough due to the three screenings of upper, middle, lower, and front and rear, but also the cleaning effect is effectively improved according to the inclination setting of the artesian angle;

3) Screen cleaning pinballs with different diameters and predetermined densities can obtain the best cleaning effect and ensure long-term operation quality;

4) The wear-resistant thin screen surface has excellent wear resistance and anti-blocking performance, and is conducive to screen cleaning;

5) The screen surface adopts a pulling installation structure, which is very convenient to disassemble and assemble, so it has better adaptability.

Embodiment two

The basic structure of the high-efficiency seed cleaning machine of this embodiment is exactly the same as that of the embodiment, the difference being that the vibrating mechanism includes an eccentric wheel mechanism driven by a motor between the upper screen box and the lower screen box and the two phases are staggered by 180°, and the two eccentric wheels The mechanism is respectively hinged with the upper screen box and the lower screen box through connecting rods. The upper screen box and the lower screen box respectively form a moving pair with the upper track and the lower track fixed on the frame at an angle of 1/2 of the gravity of the seeds to be cleaned. Constitute the eccentric wheel link slider mechanism. In this way, when working, the uppermost and second upper high-efficiency seed cleaning sieves in the upper sieve box and the second lower and lowermost high-efficiency seed cleaning sieves in the lower sieve box respectively move back and forth in a straight line to achieve the required inclination (gravity angle) ) sieving movement, while the middle high-efficiency seed cleaning sieve has a reversely inclined installation structure, so the seeds are actually shaken through the sieve surface.

Tests have shown that the screening unit of this embodiment uses the sieving and sieving of seeds successively to remove large and small impurities respectively. The effect of the flow channel, and because the sieve surface and the inclined direction of the sieve are actually in a turbulent state, so that the cleaning process is combined with the sieve and sieve, and the effect is better whether it is clearing or cleaning.

Claims (9)

1. A high-efficiency seed cleaning machine, including a feed hopper (3) with a vibrating feeding device (4) located at the front end of the top of the frame (11), and the two sides below the air outlet (5) in the center of the top of the frame are respectively installed There are front and rear bucket-shaped settling chambers (6, 16) with screw conveyors at the bottom; the end of the rear bucket-shaped settling chamber away from the feed hopper communicates with the upper end of the vertical rear suction air duct (15); it is characterized in that : The lower part of the feed hopper is opposite to the feed inlet at the top end of the screening part (1) placed in the middle of the frame; the screening part contains five layers of high-efficiency seed cleaning screens, which are divided into two groups on the top and one group on the bottom. Three, which are placed on the upper screen box and the lower screen box at a slope of one-half of the self-flow angle of the seeds to be cleaned, and the upper screen box and the lower screen box are located on the vibrating mechanism; The high-end ends of the two high-efficiency seed cleaning sieves of the top group and the second high-level are staggered and received under the downward-sloping end of the inclined feed plate in the feed inlet, and the low ends are respectively equipped with miscellaneous grooves, and the lower ends are respectively equipped with Equipped with a pouring plate parallel to it; The middle-level high-efficiency seed cleaning sieve in the lower group is inclined in the opposite direction to the upper group of cleaning sieves, and its high end is connected to the lower end of the two ejection plates that are staggered at the corresponding ends of the uppermost and second upper-level high-efficiency seed cleaning sieves. Under it, there is a material discharge plate parallel to it; the high-end ends of the second lower layer and the lowermost layer of the high-efficiency seed cleaning screen of the lower group are staggered to accept the low end of the middle layer of the high-efficiency seed cleaning screen, which The bottoms are respectively equipped with miscellaneous sorting plates parallel to them, the lower ends of which lead to the seed outlet through the air flotation screen (14); the lower ends of each miscellaneous sorting plates are respectively equipped with miscellaneous discharge grooves; A blower (9) driven by a motor (10) is installed on the bottom of the frame, and the air outlet of the blower passes through the air-floating screen through the air-evening air duct (12) and then leads to the rear suction air duct (15). 2. efficient seed cleaning machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the sieve mesh of described uppermost, sub-upper and middle layer high-efficiency seed cleaning sieves is the oval hole that width is greater than seed particle diameter; The sieve meshes of the second lower layer and the lowermost high-efficiency seed cleaning sieve are elliptical holes with a width smaller than the seed particle diameter. 3. The high-efficiency seed cleaning machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the vibrating mechanism comprises an eccentric wheel mechanism driven by a motor between the upper screen box and the lower screen box and the two phases are staggered by 180°, and the two eccentric wheels The mechanism is respectively connected with the upper screen box and the lower screen box through connecting rods, and the bottoms of the upper screen box and the lower screen box are respectively connected with the frame through vertical elastic strips. 4. The high-efficiency seed cleaning machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the vibrating mechanism includes an eccentric wheel mechanism driven by a motor between the upper screen box and the lower screen box with a staggered phase of 180°, and the two eccentric wheels The mechanism is respectively hinged with the upper screen box and the lower screen box through connecting rods, and the upper screen box and the lower screen box respectively form a moving pair with the upper track and the lower track fixed on the frame at an angle of 1/2 of the self-flow angle of the seeds to be cleaned. . 5. The high-efficiency seed cleaning machine according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the space between the lower part of the feed hopper and the feed inlet and the air exhaust port constitute the winnowing gas path. 6. The high-efficiency seed cleaning machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: the high-efficiency seed cleaning sieve includes a rectangular sieve frame inclined at a 1/2 artesian angle ± 1° of the seeds to be screened, and the sieve The upper part and the bottom surface of the frame are respectively provided with a rigid screen surface densely covered with meshes and a woven grid densely covered with square holes; the screen frame is divided into several ball-holding grids of the same size by longitudinal bars and transverse ribs; The sieve surface is in a wave shape with periodic undulations corresponding to the spacing of the transverse ribs. The horizontal section and the inclined section whose peaks and troughs are equal in length are connected by rounded transitions. The inclination angle of the inclined section is equal to the seed artesian angle ± 1 °; Two kinds of plastic marbles with diameters greater than the side length of the leakage hole are placed in the ball-holding sieve. 7. The high-efficiency seed cleaning machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: the screen surface is made of 0.5±0.1mm thin steel plate that has undergone surface carbonitriding wear-resistant treatment, and the surface treatment can ensure that the screen surface has Sufficient service life, while the thickness is reduced as much as possible, which greatly reduces the phenomenon of seed blocking, and also makes it obtain greater amplitude when it is hit by the cleaning pinball, which is beneficial to cleaning. 8. The high-efficiency seed cleaning machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: both sides of the screen surface are supported by profiling strips of similar shape. 9. The high-efficiency seed cleaning machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: the side length of the ball-holding sieve grid is 200 ± 3 mm, in which three diameters of 30 ± 1 mm and four diameters of 25 ± 1 mm are placed. plastic pinballs.