CN110465285B - BiVO4Preparation method and application of @ carbon nano-dot composite photocatalytic material - Google Patents

BiVO4Preparation method and application of @ carbon nano-dot composite photocatalytic material Download PDF

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CN110465285B
CN110465285B CN201910688738.4A CN201910688738A CN110465285B CN 110465285 B CN110465285 B CN 110465285B CN 201910688738 A CN201910688738 A CN 201910688738A CN 110465285 B CN110465285 B CN 110465285B
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bivo
carbon
composite material
mixed solution
sodium lignosulfonate
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CN110465285A (en
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汪涛
刘锡清
门秋月
韩东来
马长畅
闫永胜
霍鹏伟
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Jiangsu University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/20—Vanadium, niobium or tantalum
    • B01J23/22—Vanadium
    • B01J35/39—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/08—Heat treatment
    • B01J37/10—Heat treatment in the presence of water, e.g. steam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/34—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/36—Organic compounds containing halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of environmental materials, and particularly relates to BiVO4A preparation method and application of the @ carbon nano-dot composite photocatalytic material. The invention takes sodium lignosulfonate, bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and ammonium metavanadate as raw materials and synthesizes BiVO through hydrothermal method4Sodium lignosulfonate is added in the process, and the sodium lignosulfonate controls BiVO in the reaction process4The nano-carbon nano-particles are carbonized into nano-dots at high temperature and high pressure, so that the BiVO coated by the carbon nano-dots is obtained4BiVO with granular structure4@ carbon nanodot composite material. The preparation process is simple and convenient, and the product is pure phase BiVO4Compared with the material, the material has more excellent effect of degrading the oxytetracycline hydrochloride and has great application prospect in the aspect of degrading antibiotic wastewater. Meanwhile, the invention takes the biological material as the carbon source, and enriches the development and utilization of the biological material.

Description

BiVO4Preparation method and application of @ carbon nano-dot composite photocatalytic material
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of environmental materials, and particularly relates to BiVO4A preparation method and application of the @ carbon nano-dot composite photocatalytic material.
Background
The long-term industrial development, although raising the level of human society, various resources are also consumed in large quantities. The energy is used as a foundation stone for social development, the global environmental pollution is gradually intensified in the utilization process of the energy, and the ecological damage is serious. How to alleviate the harm caused by pollution and ecological damage is always a major problem which needs to be solved urgently in scientific research, and therefore, a photocatalysis technology is widely researched. Photocatalysis refers to photochemical reaction carried out under the action of some catalysts, and chemical reaction is accelerated under the synergistic action of light through photocatalytic materials by utilizing the combination of the catalysts and the photochemistry.
In recent years, bismuth vanadate semiconductor materials are applied to the field of photocatalysis due to the characteristics of easiness in preparation, good stability, strong absorption of visible ultraviolet light and the like, but in actual degradation experiments, electrons and holes are easy to recombine, difficult to separate and weak in surface adsorption capacity, so that the catalytic activity of the bismuth vanadate semiconductor materials is limited. On the surface of the existing research, the bismuth vanadate semiconductor material modification technologies such as noble metal deposition, element doping, semiconductor coupling and the like can effectively improve the activity of the catalyst. The carbon nanodots serving as the zero-dimensional carbon material have rich oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface, are easy to modify, and have good light conversion properties, so that the carbon nanodots have good application prospects in the field of photocatalysis. However, reports and studies on biomaterials or derivatives or extracts of biomaterials as carbon sources are still rare.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a BiVO4The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a @ carbon nano-dot composite photocatalytic material, and provides a method for researching a forming mechanism of a sodium lignosulfonate raw material as a carbon source in the aspect of preparing a photocatalytic material and the advantages of the sodium lignosulfonate raw material in the aspect of semiconductor photocatalytic performanceBiVO (b)4The @ carbon nano-point composite photocatalytic material is applied to treatment of oxytetracycline hydrochloride in wastewater pollutants.
The invention provides a BiVO4The preparation method of the @ carbon nano-dot composite photocatalytic material comprises the following steps:
dissolving ammonium metavanadate in sodium hydroxide solution to prepare mixed solution A, dissolving bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate in nitric acid solution to prepare mixed solution B, mixing and stirring the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B uniformly, and adjusting the pH value to obtain BiVO4A precursor; adding a proper amount of sodium lignosulfonate into the prepared BiVO4Uniformly stirring the precursor, transferring the precursor to a reaction kettle, calcining, centrifugally washing the obtained solid, and drying to obtain BiVO4@ carbon nanodot composite material.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the ammonium metavanadate to the sodium hydroxide is 3: 20.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the bismuth nitrate pentahydrate to the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to the nitric acid is 0.49:0.25: 2.52.
Preferably, the pH value is adjusted to 6-8 by using a sodium hydroxide solution.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the sodium lignosulfonate to the ammonium metavanadate is 1-20 g: 11.70 g.
Preferably, the calcining temperature is 160-200 ℃, and the calcining time is 8-16 h.
The invention prepares BiVO4The @ carbon nano-dot composite photocatalyst material is applied to degradation of oxytetracycline hydrochloride according to the composite photocatalyst obtained by the preparation method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention takes sodium lignosulfonate, bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and ammonium metavanadate as raw materials and synthesizes BiVO through hydrothermal method4Sodium lignosulfonate is added in the process, and the sodium lignosulfonate controls BiVO in the reaction process4The carbon nano-dots are carbonized into nano-dots at high temperature and high pressure, and thus the carbon nano-dot coated BiVO is obtained4BiVO with granular structure4@ carbon nanodot composite material. The preparation process is simple and convenient, and the product is pure phase BiVO4Compared with the prior art, the material has more excellent effect of degrading the oxytetracycline hydrochloride and has great application prospect in the aspect of degrading the antibiotic wastewater. Meanwhile, the invention takes the biological material as the carbon source, enriches the development and utilization of the biological material, and lays a research foundation for preparing the carbon nanodots from the biological material or byproducts of the biological material.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a pure phase BiVO prepared in example 54Materials and BiVO prepared in example 34SEM contrast of @ carbon nanodot composite;
FIG. 2 is BiVO prepared in example 34TEM images of @ carbon nanodot composites;
FIG. 3 is a pure phase BiVO prepared in example 54Materials and BiVO prepared in examples 1-44A comparative graph of the degradation curves of the @ carbon nanodot composite materials for respectively degrading oxytetracycline;
FIG. 4 is BiVO prepared in example 34@ carbon nanodot composite and pure phase BiVO prepared in example 54XRD contrast pattern of material.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
The reagents ethanol, sodium hydroxide and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate used in the invention are purchased from national chemical reagent company Limited; ammonium metavanadate, bismuth nitrate pentahydrate, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, and sodium lignosulfonate were purchased from Shanghai Aladdin reagents, Inc.
BiVO prepared in the invention4@ carbon nanodot compositeThe photocatalytic activity evaluation of the material is carried out in a photochemical reactor, a 300W xenon lamp is used for irradiation, 100 mL of oxytetracycline hydrochloride simulation wastewater is added into the reactor, the initial value of the oxytetracycline hydrochloride simulation wastewater is measured, then the prepared 20 mg of composite catalyst is added, the magnetic stirring is carried out to keep the catalyst in a suspension or floating state, dark adsorption is carried out for half an hour, then sampling analysis is carried out at intervals of 15 min in the illumination process, after centrifugal separation, supernatant liquid is taken, the absorbance is measured by using a spectrophotometer, and the degradation rate is calculated. The formula of degradation rate: ƞ = [ (1-C)t/C0)]x100% where C0Absorbance of the solution to equilibrium adsorption, CtThe absorbance of the solution was determined for a timed sample.
Example 1
Dissolving 0.1170 g of ammonium metavanadate in 10 mL of 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to prepare a mixed solution A, dissolving 0.4851 g of bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and 0.25 g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate in 10 mL of 4mol/L nitric acid solution to prepare a mixed solution B, mixing and stirring the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B uniformly, and adjusting the pH =6 by using 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to obtain BiVO4A precursor; 0.01 g of sodium lignosulfonate is added into the prepared BiVO4Stirring to completely dissolve sodium lignosulfonate in the precursor, transferring the obtained mixed solution to a reaction kettle, calcining at 200 ℃ for 8 hours, centrifuging, washing and drying the obtained solid to obtain BiVO4@ carbon nanodot composite material.
Photocatalytic degradation test: the obtained BiVO4The @ carbon nanodot composite material is subjected to a photocatalytic degradation test in a photochemical reactor to obtain the BiVO4The degradation rate of the @ carbon nanodot composite material to the oxytetracycline hydrochloride reaches 35% within 90 min.
Example 2:
dissolving 0.1170 g of ammonium metavanadate in 10 mL of 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to prepare a mixed solution A, dissolving 0.4851 g of bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and 0.25 g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate in 10 mL of 4mol/L nitric acid solution to prepare a mixed solution B, mixing and stirring the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B uniformly, and adjusting the pH of the 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to be =8 to obtain BiVO4A precursor; adding 0.05 g of sodium lignosulfonate into the mixtureBiVO prepared4Stirring the precursor to completely dissolve sodium lignosulfonate, transferring the obtained mixed solution into a reaction kettle, calcining at 160 ℃ for 16 hours, centrifuging, washing and drying the obtained solid to obtain BiVO4@ carbon nanodot composite material.
Photocatalytic degradation test: the obtained BiVO4The @ carbon nanodot composite material is put in a photochemical reactor for a photocatalytic degradation test to obtain the BiVO4The degradation rate of the @ carbon nanodot composite material to the oxytetracycline hydrochloride reaches 46% within 90 min.
Example 3:
dissolving 0.1170 g of ammonium metavanadate in 10 mL of 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to prepare a mixed solution A, dissolving 0.4851 g of bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and 0.25 g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate in 10 mL of 4mol/L nitric acid solution to prepare a mixed solution B, mixing and stirring the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B uniformly, and adjusting the pH of the 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to be =7 to obtain BiVO4A precursor; adding 0.10 g of sodium lignosulfonate into the prepared BiVO4Stirring the precursor to completely dissolve sodium lignosulfonate, transferring the obtained mixed solution into a reaction kettle, calcining at 160 ℃ for 16 hours, centrifuging, washing and drying the obtained solid to obtain BiVO4@ carbon nanodot composite material.
Photocatalytic degradation test: BiVO prepared4The @ carbon nanodot composite material is put in a photochemical reactor for a photocatalytic degradation test to obtain the BiVO4The degradation rate of the @ carbon nanodot composite material to the oxytetracycline hydrochloride reaches 51 percent within 90 min.
Example 4:
dissolving 0.1170 g of ammonium metavanadate in 10 mL of 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to prepare a mixed solution A, dissolving 0.4851 g of bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and 0.25 g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate in 10 mL of 4mol/L nitric acid solution to prepare a mixed solution B, mixing and stirring the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B uniformly, and adjusting the pH of the 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to be =7 to obtain BiVO4A precursor; 0.20 g of sodium lignosulfonate is added into the prepared BiVO4Stirring the precursor to complete sodium lignosulfonateDissolving completely, transferring the obtained mixed solution into a reaction kettle, calcining at 160 ℃ for 16 hours, centrifuging, washing and drying the obtained solid to obtain BiVO4@ carbon nanodot composite material.
Photocatalytic degradation test: BiVO prepared4The @ carbon nanodot composite material is put in a photochemical reactor for a photocatalytic degradation test to obtain the BiVO4The degradation rate of the @ carbon nanodot composite material to the oxytetracycline hydrochloride reaches 39% within 90 min.
Example 5: pure phase BiVO4Preparation of the Material
BiVO prepared in example 34The precursor is directly put into a reaction kettle for calcination reaction at 160 ℃ for 16 hours, and then is centrifugally washed and dried to obtain pure-phase BiVO4A material. The prepared pure phase BiVO4The material is subjected to a photocatalytic degradation test in a photochemical reactor, and the degradation rate of the oxytetracycline hydrochloride is measured to reach 22% within 90 min.
FIG. 1 is a pure phase BiVO prepared in example 54Materials and BiVO prepared in example 34SEM contrast of @ carbon nanodot composite; in the figure, a is pure phase BiVO4Material, b is BiVO4@ carbon nanodot composite; as can be seen from FIG. 1, pure phase BiVO4The material is of a sheet structure, and the surface of the material is smooth; BiVO prepared thereby4The surface of the @ carbon nanodot composite material is of a particle structure with a small size, which indicates that the BiVO is subjected to addition of sodium lignosulfonate4The size and the morphology of the film have a great influence.
FIG. 2 is BiVO prepared in example 34TEM images of @ carbon nanodot composites; as can be clearly seen from fig. 3, a black dot with a very small size is coated on the periphery of a material with larger particles to form a carbon nano-dot coated particle structure, wherein the very small black dot is a black carbon nano-dot formed by carbonizing sodium lignosulfonate, and the material with larger particles is BiVO4The TEM photograph shows that sodium lignosulfonate not only limits BiVO in the reaction process4And carbonized into nano-dots wrapped in BiVO4Around the particles.
FIG. 3 is a drawing showingPure phase BiVO prepared in example 54Materials and BiVO prepared in examples 1-44A comparative graph of the degradation curves of the @ carbon nanodot composite material for respectively degrading oxytetracycline hydrochloride; in the figure, 1 is pure phase BiVO prepared in example 54Material, 2 is BiVO prepared in example 14@ carbon nanodot composite material, 3 is BiVO prepared in example 24@ carbon nanodot composite material, 4 is BiVO prepared in example 34@ carbon nanodot composite, 5 is BiVO prepared in example 44@ carbon nanodot composite material. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the pure phase BiVO4The catalyst degradation rate was about 22%, and the BiVO prepared in examples 1-4 of the present application4The degradation rate of the @ carbon nanodot composite material is improved by more than 1.6 times, the degradation effect of the product obtained in example 3 is optimal and reaches 2.3 times, and the catalytic performance is more excellent.
FIG. 4 is BiVO prepared in example 34@ carbon nanodot composite and pure phase BiVO prepared in example 54XRD contrast pattern of material. In the figure, a is pure phase BiVO4XRD pattern of the material, b is BiVO prepared in example 34The XRD pattern of the @ carbon nanodot composite material; can find pure phase BiVO4Characteristic diffraction peak of material and standard card BiVO4(PDF # 44-0081) was completely corresponding and did not have any hetero-peaks. BiVO4Characteristic diffraction peak and pure phase BiVO of @ carbon nano-dot composite material4The diffraction peaks of the material are completely matched, and the positions of the diffraction peaks are not shifted, which shows that the carbon nano-dots formed by carbonizing the sodium lignosulfonate are BiVO4The crystal form of (A) does not cause influence.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that various embodiments or examples and features of various embodiments or examples described in this specification are capable of being combined and brought together by those skilled in the art without thereby conflicting with each other.

Claims (4)

1. BiVO4The preparation method of the @ carbon nano-dot composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps ofThe following steps: dissolving ammonium metavanadate in a sodium hydroxide solution to prepare a mixed solution A, dissolving bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate in a nitric acid solution to prepare a mixed solution B, mixing and stirring the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B uniformly, and adjusting the pH value to 6-8 to obtain BiVO4A precursor; adding a proper amount of sodium lignosulfonate into the prepared BiVO4Uniformly stirring the precursor, transferring the precursor to a reaction kettle, calcining, centrifugally washing the obtained solid, and drying to obtain BiVO4The @ carbon nanodot composite material is characterized in that the mass ratio of the sodium lignosulfonate to the ammonium metavanadate is 1-20 g: 11.70 g; the calcination temperature is 160-200 ℃, and the calcination time is 8-16 h.
2. The method for preparing the composite material according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the ammonium metavanadate to the sodium hydroxide is 3: 20.
3. The preparation method of the composite material according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the bismuth nitrate pentahydrate to the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to the nitric acid is 0.49:0.25: 2.52.
4. BiVO prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 34Application of the @ carbon nanodot composite material in catalytic degradation of oxytetracycline hydrochloride.
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CN116328843A (en) * 2022-12-29 2023-06-27 广西民族大学 Heterogeneous photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof
CN116237037A (en) * 2023-03-01 2023-06-09 西南科技大学 Preparation method and application of bismuth vanadate nanosheet composite material

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