CN110459785B - Test system and test method of fuel cell - Google Patents
Test system and test method of fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN110459785B CN110459785B CN201910757439.1A CN201910757439A CN110459785B CN 110459785 B CN110459785 B CN 110459785B CN 201910757439 A CN201910757439 A CN 201910757439A CN 110459785 B CN110459785 B CN 110459785B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/378—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04305—Modeling, demonstration models of fuel cells, e.g. for training purposes
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test system and a test method of a fuel cell. The test system comprises: the first model building module is used for building a fuel cell model; the second model building module is used for building an initial control strategy model; the control module is used for connecting the first model building module and the second model building module to realize model-in-loop simulation, and a first control strategy model is obtained after optimization; the first hardware simulation module is used for operating the fuel cell model; the second hardware simulation module is used for operating the first control strategy model; the control module is also used for connecting the first hardware simulation module and the second hardware simulation module to realize hardware-in-loop simulation, and a second control strategy model is obtained after optimization; the second hardware simulation module is also used for operating a second control strategy model; and the control module is also used for connecting the second hardware simulation module and the fuel cell to realize physical verification and obtain a target control strategy model after optimization. The control strategy can be simulated and verified in real time, manual code compiling is not needed, and the control strategy can be developed rapidly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a test system and a test method of a fuel cell.
Background
A fuel cell system is a complex system that integrates an air system, a hydrogen system, a thermal management system, and an electrical system. The development of the fuel cell system includes the development of a controller of the fuel cell system, on which a control strategy of the fuel cell system can be verified. However, the controller of the fuel cell system is developed for a long time and is developed at a high cost, which greatly increases the difficulty of developing the fuel cell system. The current fuel cell system test bench controls the fuel cell system based on an industrial personal computer and in cooperation with CompactRIO, wherein control software is customized based on labview, and a control strategy is difficult to develop quickly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a test system and a test method of a fuel cell, aiming at overcoming the defect that a test board of the fuel cell in the prior art is difficult to rapidly develop a control strategy.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
a test system for a fuel cell, the test system comprising:
the first model building module is used for building a fuel cell model of the fuel cell;
the second model building module is used for building an initial control strategy model of the fuel cell;
the control module is used for connecting the first model building module and the second model building module to realize model-in-loop simulation, the model-in-loop simulation is used for verifying the initial control strategy model, and the control module is also used for optimizing and calibrating the initial control strategy model according to the result of the model-in-loop simulation to obtain a first control strategy model;
a first hardware simulation module for operating the fuel cell model;
the second hardware simulation module is used for operating the first control strategy model;
the control module is further used for connecting the first hardware simulation module and the second hardware simulation module to realize hardware-in-loop simulation, the hardware-in-loop simulation is used for verifying the first control strategy model, and the control module is further used for optimizing and calibrating the first control strategy model according to the result of the hardware-in-loop simulation to obtain a second control strategy model;
the second hardware simulation module is further used for operating the second control strategy model;
the control module is further configured to connect the second hardware simulation module and the fuel cell to implement physical verification, where the physical verification is used to verify the second control strategy model, and the control module is further configured to optimize and calibrate the second control strategy model according to a result of the physical verification to obtain a target control strategy model.
Preferably, the fuel cell model comprises at least one of a stack model, an electrical system model, an air system model, a hydrogen system model, a thermal management system model and a component model;
the part model comprises at least one of a temperature sensor model, a pressure sensor model, a current sensor model, a voltage sensor model, an electromagnetic valve model, a relay model, an air compressor model and a water pump model.
Preferably, the initial control strategy model comprises:
an electric gas circuit control strategy model, wherein the parameters of the electric gas circuit control strategy model comprise the electric pile operating power of the fuel cell;
an air path control strategy model, wherein parameters of the air path control strategy model comprise pressure and/or flow of an air path of the fuel cell;
the parameters of the hydrogen gas path control strategy model comprise the pressure and/or the flow of the hydrogen gas path of the fuel cell;
a thermal management control strategy model, parameters of which include an operating temperature of the fuel cell.
Preferably, the first model building module is further used for building a dynamic model of a vehicle, and an energy source of the vehicle comprises a power battery and the fuel battery;
the first hardware simulation module is further used for running the dynamic model;
the control module is further used for sequentially connecting the second hardware simulation module, the fuel cell and the first hardware simulation module to realize energy distribution verification, the energy distribution verification is used for verifying energy distribution of the fuel cell in the vehicle, and the control module is further used for further optimizing and calibrating the target control strategy model according to the result of the energy distribution verification.
Preferably, the first model building module adopts a Cruise M (vehicle system level simulation platform software) platform;
and/or the second model building module adopts a Matlab Simulink (visual simulation tool) platform;
and/or the first hardware simulation module adopts an NI PXI (personal Computer (PC) based measurement and automation platform released by NI corporation) platform;
and/or the second hardware simulation module adopts a dSPACE ((a real-time simulation system, a software and hardware working platform developed by a set of MATLAB Simulink-based control system and developed by the Germany dSPACE company)) MicroAutoBox (a vehicle-mounted special case, a tool provided by dSPACE)) platform.
A test method of a fuel cell is characterized in that the test method is realized by using the test system of the fuel cell, and the test method comprises the following steps:
the first model building module builds a fuel cell model of the fuel cell;
the second model building module builds an initial control strategy model of the fuel cell;
the control module is connected with the first model building module and the second model building module to realize model-in-loop simulation, and the model-in-loop simulation is used for verifying the initial control strategy model;
the control module optimizes and calibrates the initial control strategy model according to the result of the in-loop simulation of the model to obtain a first control strategy model;
a first hardware simulation module runs the fuel cell model;
the second hardware simulation module runs the first control strategy model;
the control module is connected with the first hardware simulation module and the second hardware simulation module to realize hardware-in-loop simulation, and the hardware-in-loop simulation is used for verifying the first control strategy model;
the control module optimizes and calibrates the first control strategy model according to the result of the hardware-in-loop simulation to obtain a second control strategy model;
the second hardware simulation module runs the second control strategy model;
the control module is connected with the second hardware simulation module and the fuel cell to realize physical verification, and the physical verification is used for verifying the second control strategy model;
and the control module optimizes and calibrates the second control strategy model according to the result of the physical verification to obtain a target control strategy model.
Preferably, the fuel cell model comprises at least one of a stack model, an electrical system model, an air system model, a hydrogen system model, a thermal management system model and a component model;
the part model comprises at least one of a temperature sensor model, a pressure sensor model, a current sensor model, a voltage sensor model, an electromagnetic valve model, a relay model, an air compressor model and a water pump model.
Preferably, the initial control strategy model comprises:
an electric gas circuit control strategy model, wherein the parameters of the electric gas circuit control strategy model comprise the electric pile operating power of the fuel cell;
an air path control strategy model, wherein parameters of the air path control strategy model comprise pressure and/or flow of an air path of the fuel cell;
the parameters of the hydrogen gas path control strategy model comprise the pressure and/or the flow of the hydrogen gas path of the fuel cell;
a thermal management control strategy model, parameters of which include an operating temperature of the fuel cell.
Preferably, after the step of obtaining the target control policy model by the control module after optimizing and calibrating the second control policy model according to the result of the physical verification, the test method further includes:
the first model building module builds a dynamic model of a vehicle, and an energy source of the vehicle comprises a power battery and the fuel battery;
the first hardware simulation module runs the dynamic model;
the control module is sequentially connected with the second hardware simulation module, the fuel cell and the first hardware simulation module to realize energy distribution verification, and the energy distribution verification is used for verifying the energy distribution of the fuel cell in the vehicle;
and the control module further optimizes and calibrates the target control strategy model according to the energy distribution verification result.
Preferably, the first model building module adopts a Cruise M platform;
and/or the second model building module adopts a Matlab Simulink platform;
and/or the first hardware simulation module adopts an NI PXI platform;
and/or the second hardware simulation module adopts a dSPACE MicroAutoBox platform.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows: the method and the device can respectively realize the control strategy model of the fuel cell, namely the model-in-loop verification, the hardware-in-loop verification and the physical verification of the control strategy, and the verification can realize the real-time simulation verification of the control strategy without manually writing or modifying codes, thereby realizing the rapid development of the control strategy of the fuel cell.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block schematic diagram of a test system of a fuel cell according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a fuel cell in embodiment 1 of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic connection diagram of model-in-loop simulation in the test system of the fuel cell according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a connection diagram of hardware-in-loop simulation in the test system of the fuel cell according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing connection of physical verification in a test system for a fuel cell according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a connection diagram for energy distribution verification in the test system of the fuel cell according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart of a test method of a fuel cell according to embodiment 3 of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a partial flowchart of a test method of a fuel cell according to embodiment 4 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a test system of a fuel cell, and a module schematic diagram of the embodiment is shown in figure 1. Referring to fig. 1, the test system of the present embodiment includes: the system comprises a first model building module 1, a second model building module 2, a first hardware simulation module 3, a second hardware simulation module 4 and a control module 5.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, fig. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a fuel cell, and referring to fig. 2, the fuel cell may include subsystems such as a stack, an electrical system, an air system, a hydrogen system, and a thermal management system, and components such as a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a current sensor, a voltage sensor, a solenoid valve, a relay, an air compressor, a water pump, and a cooling fan.
The first model building module 1 is used for building a fuel cell model of the fuel cell according to the specific structural design of the fuel cell, wherein the first model building module 1 can adopt a Cruise M platform. Specifically, in this embodiment, a fuel cell model may be built in the Cruise M platform, where the fuel cell model may include subsystem models such as a stack model, an electrical system model, an air system model, a hydrogen system model, and a thermal management system model, and component models such as a temperature sensor model, a pressure sensor model, a current sensor model, a voltage sensor model, a solenoid valve model, a relay model, an air compressor model, and a water pump model.
The second model building module 2 is used for building an initial control strategy model of the fuel cell according to the specific structural design of the fuel cell, wherein the second model building module 2 can adopt a Matlab Simulink platform. Specifically, in the present embodiment, an initial control strategy model may be built in the Matlab Simulink platform to develop an initial control strategy of the fuel cell. Wherein, the initial control strategy model may comprise an electric gas circuit control strategy model, and the parameters thereof may comprise the electric pile operating power of the fuel cell; an air path control strategy model, the parameters of which may include the pressure and/or flow of the air path of the fuel cell; the parameters of the hydrogen gas path control strategy model can comprise the pressure and/or the flow of the hydrogen gas path of the fuel cell; the parameters of the thermal management control strategy model may include the operating temperature of the fuel cell.
The control module 5 is used for connecting the first model building module 1 and the second model building module 2 to realize model-on-loop simulation so as to verify the initial control strategy model, and fig. 3 shows a connection schematic diagram of model-on-loop simulation. The control module 5 is further configured to optimize and calibrate the initial control strategy model according to the in-loop simulation result of the model to obtain a first control strategy model, which includes an optimized and calibrated electrical circuit control strategy model, an air circuit control strategy model, a hydrogen circuit control strategy model, and a thermal management control strategy model.
For example, the hydrogen path control strategy model corresponds to PID (proportional, integral, differential) control, and can be calibrated to an optimal solution through model in loop simulation under the condition of changing different external conditions. For example, to minimize the fluctuation of the parameter pressure, three constants of P (proportion), I (integral), and D (differential) may be optimized under the condition of changing the front-end line pressure; optimizing P, I, D three constants under the condition of changing the response time of the electromagnetic valve; then, under the condition of changing the consumption of hydrogen, optimizing P, I, D three constants; finally, according to the mean square error and the amplitude of the pressure fluctuation, the optimal P, I, D three constants are calculated.
After the model-in-loop simulation is completed, the first hardware simulation module 3 is used to run the fuel cell model built by the first model building module 1, wherein the first hardware simulation module 3 may adopt an NI PXI platform. Specifically, the Cruise M platform may package the built fuel cell model into executable code and download the executable code to the NI PXI platform, so as to run the fuel cell model in the NI PXI platform to simulate a real fuel cell.
The second hardware simulation module 4 is configured to run the first control policy model obtained through model-on-loop simulation, where the second hardware simulation module 4 may employ a dSPACE MicroAutoBox platform. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first control policy model may be compiled and downloaded into the MicroAutoBox by the dSPACE, and an I/O (Input/Output) resource of the dSPACE is configured to the first control policy model, so that the first control policy model is run in the dSPACE MicroAutoBox platform.
The control module 5 is further configured to connect the first hardware simulation module 3 and the second hardware simulation module 4 to implement hardware-in-loop simulation to verify the first control strategy model, and fig. 4 shows a connection diagram of the hardware-in-loop simulation. The control module 5 is further configured to optimize and calibrate the first control strategy model according to a result of the hardware-in-loop simulation to obtain a second control strategy model, which includes an optimized and calibrated electrical circuit control strategy model, an air circuit control strategy model, a hydrogen circuit control strategy model, and a thermal management control strategy model. Furthermore, the hardware output characteristics of the fuel cell model can be verified based on the hardware-in-the-loop simulation, wherein the hardware output characteristics include hardware output characteristics of the subsystem model and the component model in the fuel cell model, for example, the opening time and frequency of the hydrogen gas injection valve in the hydrogen gas circuit system model, the electrical characteristics of the sensor, the electrical characteristics and the opening characteristics of the relay, and the like.
For example, for a hydrogen gas injection valve, the dSPACE platform has a sensor interface, which runs a first control strategy model and controls the opening and closing of the hydrogen gas injection valve according to the collected pressure of the hydrogen gas path, specifically, when the pressure of the hydrogen gas path exceeds a target value, the hydrogen gas injection valve is closed, and when the pressure of the hydrogen gas path is lower than the target value, the hydrogen gas injection valve is opened, so as to verify the hardware output characteristic of the hydrogen gas path system.
After the hardware-in-loop simulation is completed, the second hardware simulation module 4 further runs a second control policy model, and specifically, the second control policy model may be compiled and downloaded to the MicroAutoBox through the dSPACE, and the I/O interface resource of the dSPACE is configured to the second control policy model. The control module 5 is further configured to connect the second hardware simulation module and the fuel cell to implement physical verification, so as to verify direct control of the fuel cell by the second control strategy model operating in dSPACE, and fig. 5 shows a connection diagram of the physical verification. Specifically, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a current sensor and a voltage sensor of the fuel cell are connected to an AI (Analog Input) interface of the MicroAutoBox, an electromagnetic valve and a relay are connected to a DO (Digital Output) interface of the MicroAutoBox, and an air compressor, a water pump and the like are configured to a CAN (Controller Area Network) communication interface. The control module 5 is further configured to optimize and calibrate the second control strategy model according to a result of the physical verification, that is, characteristics (including response characteristics and electrical characteristics) of the components of the fuel cell, to obtain a target control strategy model, which includes an optimized and calibrated electrical circuit control strategy model, an air circuit control strategy model, a hydrogen circuit control strategy model, and a thermal management control strategy model.
In this embodiment, the control module 5 can obtain any parameter of each control strategy model, and can also automatically generate different test cases based on a condition that one target parameter is changed, compare test results under different target parameters through a comparison test to find an optimal solution of the target parameter, and then calibrate the optimal solution to the corresponding control strategy model for testing to verify the optimal solution.
Therefore, the control strategy model, namely the model-in-loop verification, the hardware-in-loop verification and the physical verification of the control strategy, are realized in the test system of the fuel cell, and the verification can realize the real-time simulation verification of the control strategy without manually writing or modifying codes, so that the control strategy of the fuel cell can be rapidly developed.
Example 2
Compared with the embodiment 1, the test system of the embodiment can also realize simulation verification of vehicle energy distribution, wherein the energy source of the vehicle comprises the power battery and the fuel cell in the embodiment 1.
On the basis that the physical verification is completed in embodiment 1, the first model building module 1 can also be used for building a dynamic model of a vehicle, and the first hardware simulation module 3 can be used for operating the dynamic model. The control module 5 may also be configured to sequentially connect the second hardware simulation module 4, the fuel cell, and the first hardware simulation module 3 to implement interaction between the fuel cell and the vehicle dynamics model, so as to implement simulation verification of energy distribution, and then verify distribution of output power of the fuel cell in vehicle energy, where fig. 6 shows a connection diagram of energy distribution verification. The control module 5 may be further configured to further optimize and calibrate the target control strategy model according to the result of the energy distribution verification to obtain a final control strategy, so as to improve the durability of the fuel cell. Specifically, a dynamic model of the vehicle is built in a Cruise M platform, the dynamic model is packaged into executable codes, and then the executable codes are downloaded to an NI PXI platform, so that optimization and calibration of a target control strategy model are achieved.
The control strategy model in this embodiment may further include an energy distribution control strategy model, and on the basis of embodiment 1, the test system in this embodiment may further optimize the control strategy of the fuel cell according to the operation distribution condition of the output power of the fuel cell in the vehicle, so as to achieve reasonable energy distribution in the vehicle using the power cell and the fuel cell as energy sources.
Example 3
The invention provides a testing method of a fuel cell, wherein the testing method is realized by using the testing system of the fuel cell in embodiment 1, and the fuel cell can comprise subsystems such as a galvanic pile, an electrical system, an air system, a hydrogen system, a thermal management system and the like, and parts such as a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a current sensor, a voltage sensor, an electromagnetic valve, a relay, an air pressure device, a water pump, a cooling fan and the like, as shown in fig. 2. Fig. 7 shows a flowchart of the present embodiment, and referring to fig. 7, the test method of the present embodiment includes:
and S1, building a fuel cell model of the fuel cell by the first model building module.
The first model building module builds the fuel cell model of the fuel cell according to the specific structural design of the fuel cell, wherein the first model building module can adopt a Cruise M platform. Specifically, in this embodiment, a fuel cell model may be built in the Cruise M platform, where the fuel cell model may include subsystem models such as a stack model, an electrical system model, an air system model, a hydrogen system model, and a thermal management system model, and component models such as a temperature sensor model, a pressure sensor model, a current sensor model, a voltage sensor model, a solenoid valve model, a relay model, an air compressor model, and a water pump model.
And S2, building an initial control strategy model of the fuel cell by the second model building module.
And the second model building module builds the initial control strategy model of the fuel cell according to the specific structural design of the fuel cell, wherein the second model building module can adopt a Matlab Simulink platform. Specifically, in the present embodiment, an initial control strategy model may be built in the Matlab Simulink platform to develop an initial control strategy of the fuel cell. Wherein, the initial control strategy model may comprise an electric gas circuit control strategy model, and the parameters thereof may comprise the electric pile operating power of the fuel cell; an air path control strategy model, the parameters of which may include the pressure and/or flow of the air path of the fuel cell; the parameters of the hydrogen gas path control strategy model can comprise the pressure and/or the flow of the hydrogen gas path of the fuel cell; the parameters of the thermal management control strategy model may include the operating temperature of the fuel cell.
And S3, connecting the control module with the first model building module and the second model building module to realize the in-loop simulation of the models.
And S4, the control module optimizes and calibrates the initial control strategy model according to the result of the in-loop simulation of the model to obtain a first control strategy model.
The control module is connected with the first model building module and the second model building module to realize model-in-loop simulation so as to verify the initial control strategy model, and a connection schematic diagram of the model-in-loop simulation is also shown in fig. 3. The first control strategy model may include an optimized and calibrated electrical circuit control strategy model, an air circuit control strategy model, a hydrogen circuit control strategy model, and a thermal management control strategy model.
For example, the hydrogen path control strategy model corresponds to PID control, and the optimal solution can be calibrated through model in-loop simulation under the condition of changing different external conditions. For example, to minimize fluctuations in the parametric pressure, three constants P, I, D may be optimized under varying front-end line pressures; optimizing P, I, D three constants under the condition of changing the response time of the electromagnetic valve; then, under the condition of changing the consumption of hydrogen, optimizing P, I, D three constants; finally, according to the mean square error and the amplitude of the pressure fluctuation, the optimal P, I, D three constants are calculated.
And S5, the first hardware simulation module runs the fuel cell model.
The first hardware simulation module runs the fuel cell model built by the first model building module, wherein the first hardware simulation module can adopt an NI PXI platform. Specifically, the Cruise M platform may package the built fuel cell model into executable code and download the executable code to the NI PXI platform, so as to run the fuel cell model in the NI PXI platform to simulate a real fuel cell.
And S6, the second hardware simulation module runs the first control strategy model.
And the second hardware simulation module runs the first control strategy model obtained by the model-in-loop simulation, wherein the second hardware simulation module can adopt a dSPACE MicroAutoBox platform. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first control policy model may be compiled and downloaded into the MicroAutoBox by the dSPACE, and an I/O (Input/Output) resource of the dSPACE is configured to the first control policy model, so that the first control policy model is run in the dSPACE MicroAutoBox platform.
And S7, the control module is connected with the first hardware simulation module and the second hardware simulation module to realize the hardware-in-loop simulation.
And S8, the control module optimizes and calibrates the first control strategy model according to the result of the hardware-in-loop simulation to obtain a second control strategy model.
The control module is connected with the first hardware simulation module and the second hardware simulation module to realize hardware-in-loop simulation so as to verify the first control strategy model, and a connection schematic diagram of the hardware-in-loop simulation is also shown in fig. 4. The second control strategy model may include an optimized and calibrated electrical circuit control strategy model, an air circuit control strategy model, a hydrogen circuit control strategy model, and a thermal management control strategy model. Furthermore, the hardware output characteristics of the fuel cell model can be verified based on the hardware-in-the-loop simulation, wherein the hardware output characteristics include hardware output characteristics of the subsystem model and the component model in the fuel cell model, for example, the opening time and frequency of the hydrogen gas injection valve in the hydrogen gas circuit system model, the electrical characteristics of the sensor, the electrical characteristics and the opening characteristics of the relay, and the like.
For example, for a hydrogen gas injection valve, the dSPACE platform has a sensor interface, which runs a first control strategy model and controls the opening and closing of the hydrogen gas injection valve according to the collected pressure of the hydrogen gas path, specifically, when the pressure of the hydrogen gas path exceeds a target value, the hydrogen gas injection valve is closed, and when the pressure of the hydrogen gas path is lower than the target value, the hydrogen gas injection valve is opened, so as to verify the hardware output characteristic of the hydrogen gas path system.
And S9, the second hardware simulation module runs a second control strategy model.
Specifically, the second hardware simulation module may compile and download the second control policy model into the MicroAutoBox through the dSPACE, and configure the I/O interface resource of the dSPACE to the second control policy model.
And S10, the control module is connected with the second hardware simulation module and the fuel cell to realize the real object verification.
And S11, the control module optimizes and calibrates the second control strategy model according to the result of the real object verification to obtain the target control strategy model.
The control module is connected with the second hardware simulation module and the fuel cell to realize physical verification so as to verify the direct control of the second control strategy model operated in the dSPACE on the fuel cell, and a connection schematic diagram of the physical verification is also shown in fig. 5. Specifically, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a current sensor and a voltage sensor of the fuel cell are connected to an AI (Analog Input) interface of the MicroAutoBox, an electromagnetic valve and a relay are connected to a DO (Digital Output) interface of the MicroAutoBox, and an air compressor, a water pump and the like are configured to a CAN (Controller Area Network) communication interface. The control module can also optimize and calibrate the second control strategy model according to the result of the physical verification, namely the characteristics (including response characteristics and electrical characteristics) of the components of the fuel cell to obtain a target control strategy model, which comprises an optimized and calibrated electrical circuit control strategy model, an air circuit control strategy model, a hydrogen circuit control strategy model and a thermal management control strategy model.
In this embodiment, the control module may obtain any parameter of each control strategy model, may also automatically generate different test cases based on a condition that one target parameter is changed, and compares test results under different target parameters through a comparison test to find an optimal solution of the target parameter, and further calibrates the optimal solution to a corresponding control strategy model for testing to verify the optimal solution.
Therefore, the control strategy model, namely the model-in-loop verification, the hardware-in-loop verification and the physical verification of the control strategy, are realized in the test system of the fuel cell, and the verification can realize the real-time simulation verification of the control strategy without manually writing or modifying codes, so that the control strategy of the fuel cell can be rapidly developed.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a testing method of a fuel cell based on embodiment 3, and compared with embodiment 3, the testing method of the present embodiment can also achieve simulation verification of vehicle energy distribution, wherein the energy source of the vehicle includes a power battery and the fuel cell in embodiment 3. Fig. 8 shows a partial flowchart of the present embodiment, and referring to fig. 8, after step S11, the test method of the present embodiment further includes:
and S12, building a dynamic model of the vehicle by the first model building module.
And S13, operating the dynamic model by the first hardware simulation module.
And S14, the control module is sequentially connected with the second hardware simulation module, the fuel cell and the first hardware simulation module to realize energy distribution verification.
And S15, the control module further optimizes and calibrates the target control strategy model according to the energy distribution verification result.
The control module is sequentially connected with the second hardware simulation module, the fuel cell and the first hardware simulation module to realize interaction between the fuel cell and the vehicle dynamic model so as to realize simulation verification of energy distribution and further verify distribution of output power of the fuel cell in vehicle energy, and a connection schematic diagram of the energy distribution verification is also shown in the figure. The control module can be further used for further optimizing and calibrating the target control strategy model according to the energy distribution verification result to obtain a final control strategy so as to improve the durability of the fuel cell. Specifically, a dynamic model of the vehicle is built in a Cruise M platform, the dynamic model is packaged into executable codes, and then the executable codes are downloaded to an NI PXI platform, so that optimization and calibration of a target control strategy model are achieved.
The control strategy model in this embodiment may further include an energy distribution control strategy model, and on the basis of embodiment 3, the test method in this embodiment may further optimize the control strategy of the fuel cell according to the operation distribution condition of the output power of the fuel cell in the vehicle, so as to achieve reasonable energy distribution in the vehicle using the power cell and the fuel cell as energy sources.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A test system for a fuel cell, the test system comprising:
the first model building module is used for building a fuel cell model of the fuel cell;
the second model building module is used for building an initial control strategy model of the fuel cell;
the control module is used for connecting the first model building module and the second model building module to realize model-in-loop simulation, the model-in-loop simulation is used for verifying the initial control strategy model, and the control module is also used for optimizing and calibrating the initial control strategy model according to the result of the model-in-loop simulation to obtain a first control strategy model;
a first hardware simulation module for operating the fuel cell model;
the second hardware simulation module is used for operating the first control strategy model;
the control module is further used for connecting the first hardware simulation module and the second hardware simulation module to realize hardware-in-loop simulation, the hardware-in-loop simulation is used for verifying the first control strategy model, and the control module is further used for optimizing and calibrating the first control strategy model according to the result of the hardware-in-loop simulation to obtain a second control strategy model;
the second hardware simulation module is further used for operating the second control strategy model;
the control module is further configured to connect the second hardware simulation module and the fuel cell to implement physical verification, where the physical verification is used to verify the second control strategy model, and the control module is further configured to optimize and calibrate the second control strategy model according to a result of the physical verification to obtain a target control strategy model.
2. The fuel cell testing system of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell model comprises at least one of a stack model, an electrical system model, an air system model, a hydrogen system model, a thermal management system model, a component model;
the part model comprises at least one of a temperature sensor model, a pressure sensor model, a current sensor model, a voltage sensor model, an electromagnetic valve model, a relay model, an air compressor model and a water pump model.
3. The fuel cell testing system of claim 1, wherein the initial control strategy model comprises:
an electric gas circuit control strategy model, wherein the parameters of the electric gas circuit control strategy model comprise the electric pile operating power of the fuel cell;
an air path control strategy model, wherein parameters of the air path control strategy model comprise pressure and/or flow of an air path of the fuel cell;
the parameters of the hydrogen gas path control strategy model comprise the pressure and/or the flow of the hydrogen gas path of the fuel cell;
a thermal management control strategy model, parameters of which include an operating temperature of the fuel cell.
4. The fuel cell testing system of claim 1, wherein the first model building module is further configured to build a dynamic model of a vehicle, an energy source of the vehicle comprising a power cell and the fuel cell;
the first hardware simulation module is further used for running the dynamic model;
the control module is further used for sequentially connecting the second hardware simulation module, the fuel cell and the first hardware simulation module to realize energy distribution verification, the energy distribution verification is used for verifying energy distribution of the fuel cell in the vehicle, and the control module is further used for further optimizing and calibrating the target control strategy model according to the result of the energy distribution verification.
5. The fuel cell test system of claim 1, wherein the first model building module employs a Cruise M platform;
and/or the second model building module adopts a Matlab Simulink platform;
and/or the first hardware simulation module adopts an NI PXI platform;
and/or the second hardware simulation module adopts a dSPACE MicroAutoBox platform.
6. A test method of a fuel cell, characterized in that the test method is implemented using the test system of a fuel cell according to claim 1, the test method comprising:
the first model building module builds a fuel cell model of the fuel cell;
the second model building module builds an initial control strategy model of the fuel cell;
the control module is connected with the first model building module and the second model building module to realize model-in-loop simulation, and the model-in-loop simulation is used for verifying the initial control strategy model;
the control module optimizes and calibrates the initial control strategy model according to the result of the in-loop simulation of the model to obtain a first control strategy model;
a first hardware simulation module runs the fuel cell model;
the second hardware simulation module runs the first control strategy model;
the control module is connected with the first hardware simulation module and the second hardware simulation module to realize hardware-in-loop simulation, and the hardware-in-loop simulation is used for verifying the first control strategy model;
the control module optimizes and calibrates the first control strategy model according to the result of the hardware-in-loop simulation to obtain a second control strategy model;
the second hardware simulation module runs the second control strategy model;
the control module is connected with the second hardware simulation module and the fuel cell to realize physical verification, and the physical verification is used for verifying the second control strategy model;
and the control module optimizes and calibrates the second control strategy model according to the result of the physical verification to obtain a target control strategy model.
7. The method for testing a fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the fuel cell model includes at least one of a stack model, an electrical system model, an air system model, a hydrogen system model, a thermal management system model, and a component model;
the part model comprises at least one of a temperature sensor model, a pressure sensor model, a current sensor model, a voltage sensor model, an electromagnetic valve model, a relay model, an air compressor model and a water pump model.
8. The fuel cell testing method of claim 6, wherein the initial control strategy model comprises:
an electric gas circuit control strategy model, wherein the parameters of the electric gas circuit control strategy model comprise the electric pile operating power of the fuel cell;
an air path control strategy model, wherein parameters of the air path control strategy model comprise pressure and/or flow of an air path of the fuel cell;
the parameters of the hydrogen gas path control strategy model comprise the pressure and/or the flow of the hydrogen gas path of the fuel cell;
a thermal management control strategy model, parameters of which include an operating temperature of the fuel cell.
9. The method for testing a fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein after the step of obtaining the target control strategy model by the control module after optimizing and calibrating the second control strategy model according to the result of the physical verification, the method further comprises:
the first model building module builds a dynamic model of a vehicle, and an energy source of the vehicle comprises a power battery and the fuel battery;
the first hardware simulation module runs the dynamic model;
the control module is sequentially connected with the second hardware simulation module, the fuel cell and the first hardware simulation module to realize energy distribution verification, and the energy distribution verification is used for verifying the energy distribution of the fuel cell in the vehicle;
and the control module further optimizes and calibrates the target control strategy model according to the energy distribution verification result.
10. The fuel cell testing method according to claim 6, wherein the first model building module employs a Cruise M platform;
and/or the second model building module adopts a Matlab Simulink platform;
and/or the first hardware simulation module adopts an NI-PXI platform;
and/or the second hardware simulation module adopts a dSPACE MicroAutoBox platform.
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| CN114609924A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-06-10 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | Fuel cell control algorithm hardware-in-loop test platform and test method |
| CN113433862B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-06-10 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Simulation method and device of new energy automobile energy management system and storage medium |
| CN114300718B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2024-02-09 | 浙江高成绿能科技有限公司 | Development method of small air-cooled fuel cell prototype |
| CN114824373B (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-06 | 中汽研新能源汽车检验中心(天津)有限公司 | Simulation test combined fuel cell performance optimization method, device and equipment |
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