CN110457858A - Based on the determination method of the skyscraper modal vibration main shaft of twin shaft actual measureed value of acceleration - Google Patents
Based on the determination method of the skyscraper modal vibration main shaft of twin shaft actual measureed value of acceleration Download PDFInfo
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- CN110457858A CN110457858A CN201910776761.9A CN201910776761A CN110457858A CN 110457858 A CN110457858 A CN 110457858A CN 201910776761 A CN201910776761 A CN 201910776761A CN 110457858 A CN110457858 A CN 110457858A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G01M99/004—Testing the effects of speed or acceleration
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of determination methods of skyscraper modal vibration main shaft based on twin shaft actual measureed value of acceleration, comprising: S1 acquires the acceleration signal A of construction geometry main shaft;S2 acquires whitening matrix W according to acceleration signal A calculating;S3 seeks the input signal Z after albefaction according to whitening matrix W and acceleration signal;S4, the delay covariance matrix R of the input signal Z after calculating albefactionz(τ) S5, according to delay covariance matrix Rz(τ) calculates orthogonal matrix V;S6, asks the vibration shape matrix Φ, S7 according to orthogonal matrix V, asks the main shaft of modal vibration and the drift angle of geometric principal axis according to vibration shape matrix Φ.The present invention carries out a series of calculating by the acceleration signal of the construction geometry main shaft to acquisition, finally can accurately obtain the drift angle of the structure practical vibration shape and geometric principal axis, and then can effectively determine skyscraper modal vibration major axes orientation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of civil engineering, more particularly to a kind of skyscraper based on twin shaft actual measureed value of acceleration
The determination method of modal vibration main shaft.
Background technique
Skyscraper is especially highly more than that the super high-rise building of 300m is more sensitive to wind and earthquake load, in order to reduce
Response of the structure to wind or earthquake load needs under partial picture to install damper additional in structure certain floor, as tuning quality hinders
Buddhist nun's device (tuned mass damper, TMD) etc..When installing damper, in order to enable damper sufficiently main structure to be inhibited to shake
It is dynamic, it need to first determine installation site and the direction of damper.Installation site and direction for determining damper, only by finite element
It analyzes often inaccurate to obtain the information such as structural vibration main shaft, it usually needs the vibration master of accurate measurement structure dominating mode
Axis.For the building of most of figure rules, modal vibration main shaft is typically very close to the geometric principal axis of structure, and for
Often there is drift angle in the building of some plane asymmetric designs, mode main shaft and geometric principal axis.And it is leading in order to measure structure
The vibrating spindle of the vibration shape needs to carry out acceleration signal test to structure.When carrying out live acceleration signal test, for instrument
Device is easy for installation, usually arranges the x of acceleration test instrument, y-axis along building geometric principal axis direction.This has resulted in acceleration
Signal of the tester after the acceleration signal that the direction x, y measures is the vibration coupling of two modal vibration major axes orientations of structure.
Summary of the invention
For the problem of the acceleration signal inaccuracy of the existing technology measured, the present invention provides a kind of based on twin shaft
The determination method of the skyscraper modal vibration main shaft of actual measureed value of acceleration.
The concrete scheme of the application is as follows:
A kind of determination method of the skyscraper modal vibration main shaft based on twin shaft actual measureed value of acceleration, comprising:
S1 acquires the acceleration signal A of construction geometry main shaft;
S2 acquires whitening matrix W according to acceleration signal A calculating;
S3 seeks the input signal Z after albefaction according to whitening matrix W and acceleration signal A;
S4, the delay covariance matrix R of the input signal Z after calculating albefactionz(τ);
S5, according to delay covariance matrix Rz(τ) calculates orthogonal matrix V;
S6 seeks vibration shape matrix Φ according to orthogonal matrix V,
S7 asks the main shaft of modal vibration and the drift angle of geometric principal axis according to vibration shape matrix Φ.
Preferably, step S2 includes:
S21 calculates the covariance matrix R of acceleration signal AA(0);
S22, to covariance matrix RA(0) singular value decomposition is done;
S23 seeks whitening matrix W.
Preferably, S21 calculates the delay covariance matrix R of acceleration signal AA(0) include:
S211 is calculatedWherein subscript T representing matrix transposition;A(:,1:n-τ)
Whole rows of representing matrix A and 1 to n- τ arrange composed submatrix;Wherein,
xi、yiIn the test value of the acceleration signal of i-th of moment point, x (t), y (t) are respectively respectively x (t) and y (t)
The acceleration signal on the direction construction geometry main shaft x, y that t moment samples;
S212 calculates m according to the following formula1And m2;
Wherein, mean (A (1,1:n- τ)) indicates the average value of the 1:n- τ column element in the 1st row of calculating matrix A, with
This analogizes;
S213 is calculated
S214, according toCalculate the delay covariance matrix R of symmetrizationA(τ);
S215 enables τ=0, obtains covariance matrix RA(0)。
Preferably, S22, to covariance matrix RA(0) formula of singular value decomposition is done are as follows:
RA(0)=U λ UT;
Wherein, U is the mutually orthogonal unit matrix of column vector, and λ is diagonal matrix.
Preferably, the formula of whitening matrix W is sought are as follows:
Preferably, S3 seeks the formula of the input signal Z after albefaction according to whitening matrix W and acceleration signal A are as follows:
Z=WA.
Preferably, S4, the delay covariance matrix R of the input signal Z after calculating albefactionz(τ) includes:
S41 is calculatedWherein subscript T representing matrix transposition;Z(:,1:n-τ)
Whole rows of representing matrix Z and 1 to n- τ arrange composed submatrix;
S42 calculates m according to the following formula3And m4;
Wherein, mean (Z (1,1:n- τ)) indicates the average value of the 1:n- τ column element in the 1st row of calculating matrix Z, with
This analogizes;
S43 is calculated
S44 calculates the delay covariance matrix of symmetrization:
Preferably, S5, according to delay covariance matrix Rz(τ) calculates orthogonal matrix V
S51, respectively to delay covariance matrix Rzτ value Δ t, the 2 Δ t of (τ) ... n Δ t, it is corresponding to obtain Rz(τ's)
Value;Wherein Δ t is the sampling interval of acceleration test signal;
S52, set the initial value of orthogonal matrix V as
S53, according to RzThe initial value of (τ) and the initial value of orthogonal matrix carry out Givens and rotate to obtain spin matrix, will
Spin matrix is as orthogonal matrix V;
S54 successively updates RzThe value of (τ) and the value of orthogonal matrix V, repeat step S53, until spin matrix is non-
Diagonal entry square, which is greater than, presets minimum positive value, using the spin matrix as final orthogonal matrix V.
Preferably, S6 seeks the formula of vibration shape matrix Φ according to orthogonal matrix V are as follows:
Φ=W-1V。
Preferably, S7 seeks the main shaft of modal vibration according to vibration shape matrix Φ and the drift angle of geometric principal axis includes: the first side-sway
Vibrating spindle and x-axis angle α=arctan (φ21/φ11), the angle α of the vibrating spindle of the shimmy type of second side and x-axis=
arctan(φ22/φ12), wherein
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
This programme carries out a series of calculating by the acceleration signal of the construction geometry main shaft to acquisition, finally being capable of essence
True obtains the drift angle of the structure practical vibration shape and geometric principal axis, and then can effectively determine skyscraper modal vibration main shaft square
To.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is showing for the determination method of the skyscraper modal vibration main shaft based on twin shaft actual measureed value of acceleration of an embodiment
Meaning property flow chart;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the sensor placement location of an embodiment;
Fig. 3 is TIME HISTORY SIGNAL on the direction construction geometry main shaft x of the sensor acquisition of an embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the TIME HISTORY SIGNAL on the direction construction geometry main shaft y that the sensor of an embodiment acquires.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of determination method of the skyscraper modal vibration main shaft based on twin shaft actual measureed value of acceleration, comprising:
S1 acquires the acceleration signal A of construction geometry main shaft;The collected acceleration signal of institute is
Wherein x (t), y (t) are respectively the acceleration signal on the direction construction geometry main shaft x, y that t moment samples.
The actual samples signal of acceleration transducer is discrete signal, it is assumed that xi、yiRespectively x (t) and y (t) are in i-th moment point
Formula (1) can be written as by the test value of acceleration signal in the form of discrete signal:
Wherein, n is sample length.
S2 acquires whitening matrix W according to acceleration signal A calculating;Step S2 includes:
S21 calculates the covariance matrix R of acceleration signal AA(0);Further, step S21 includes:
S211 is calculatedWherein subscript T representing matrix transposition;A(:,1:n-τ)
Whole rows of representing matrix A and 1 to n- τ arrange composed submatrix;It is assumed that setting delay is τ sampling interval.
S212 calculates m according to the following formula1And m2;
Wherein, mean (A (1,1:n- τ)) indicates the average value of the 1:n- τ column element in the 1st row of calculating matrix A, with
This analogizes;
S213 is calculated
S214, according toCalculate the delay covariance matrix R of symmetrizationA(τ);
S215 enables τ=0, obtains covariance matrix RA(0)。
S22, to covariance matrix RA(0) singular value decomposition is done;The formula of singular value decomposition is done to covariance matrix C are as follows:
RA(0)=U λ UT;
Wherein, U is the mutually orthogonal unit matrix of column vector, and λ is diagonal matrix.
S23 seeks whitening matrix W.Seek the formula of whitening matrix W are as follows:
S3 seeks the input signal Z after albefaction according to whitening matrix W and acceleration signal;According to whitening matrix W and acceleration
Signal seeks the formula of the input signal Z after albefaction are as follows:
Z=WA.
S4, the delay covariance matrix R of the input signal Z after calculating albefactionz(τ).Further, step S4 includes:
S41 is calculatedWherein subscript T representing matrix transposition;Z(:,1:n-τ)
Whole rows of representing matrix Z and 1 to n- τ arrange composed submatrix;
S42 calculates m according to the following formula3And m4;
Wherein, mean (Z (1,1:n- τ)) indicates the average value of the 1:n- τ column element in the 1st row of calculating matrix Z, with
This analogizes;
S43 is calculated
S44 calculates the delay covariance matrix of symmetrization:
S5, according to delay covariance matrix Rz(τ) calculates orthogonal matrix V;Step S5 includes:
S51, respectively to delay covariance matrix Rzτ value Δ t, the 2 Δ t of (τ) ... n Δ t, it is corresponding to obtain Rz(τ's)
Value;Wherein Δ t is the sampling interval of acceleration test signal;Since the signal of modal vibration is structure on two side-sway directions
It is independent, illustrate Rz(τ) can be by diagonalization.The preceding two ranks side-sway vibration shape for only considering structure, is also considered as one two for structure
System with one degree of freedom, if its vibration shape is Φ.For a series of τ value τ=Δ t, 2 Δ t ..., calculate a series of Rz(τ) value.
S52, set the initial value of orthogonal matrix V as
S53, according to RzThe initial value of (τ) and the initial value of orthogonal matrix carry out Givens and rotate to obtain spin matrix, will
Spin matrix is as orthogonal matrix V;
S54 successively updates RzThe value of (τ) and the value of orthogonal matrix V, repeat step S53, until spin matrix is non-
Diagonal entry square, which is greater than, presets minimum positive value, using the spin matrix as final orthogonal matrix V.Preset minimum positive value
It is 10-5。
S6 seeks vibration shape matrix Φ according to orthogonal matrix V, the formula of vibration shape matrix Φ is sought according to orthogonal matrix V are as follows:
Φ=W-1V。
S7 asks the main shaft of modal vibration and the drift angle of geometric principal axis according to vibration shape matrix Φ.S7 is asked according to vibration shape matrix Φ
The main shaft of modal vibration and the drift angle of geometric principal axis include: the vibrating spindle of the first side-sway and angle α=arctan of x-axis
(φ21/φ11), the vibrating spindle of the shimmy type of second side and angle α=arctan (φ of x-axis22/φ12), whereinBehind the drift angle of the main shaft and geometric principal axis that obtain modal vibration, according to the geometry master of the drift angle and acquisition
The acceleration signal of axis can obtain the major axes orientation of modal vibration.
In step sl, using the acceleration signal A of acceleration transducer acquisition construction geometry main shaft, certain building is close
Construction geometry main shaft (x, y-axis) on the mechanical floor of top position arranges a double-shaft acceleration sensor, two-axis acceleration
Sensor tests the acceleration signal of two orthogonal directions.As another enforceable embodiment, certain building is close to top position
Construction geometry main shaft (x, y-axis) two uniaxial sensors of quadrature arrangement on the mechanical floor set.As shown in Fig. 2, to measure
The Acceleration time course signal a of x-axis and y-axis under the building ambient vibration or wind-induced vibration statexAnd ay, Acceleration time course signal
axAnd ayIt is as shown in Figure 3,4 respectively.
The vibration shape matrix of structure can be calculated according to above-mentioned steps 1-91st column of Φ matrix
For 1 first order mode of structure, the 2nd is classified as 2 first order modes of structure.Thus it can be calculated, 1 first order mode direction x0Angle with x-axis is
The angle of arctan (0.356/0.462)=52.4 °, the 2nd first order mode and x-axis be arctan (- 0.247/0.259)=-
46.36°.Two direction of vibration are respectively such as x0, y0It is shown.Therefore, according to this programme can accurately obtain the practical vibration shape of structure with it is several
The drift angle of what main shaft.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection of the invention
Range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of determination method of the skyscraper modal vibration main shaft based on twin shaft actual measureed value of acceleration characterized by comprising
S1 acquires the acceleration signal A of construction geometry main shaft;
S2 acquires whitening matrix W according to acceleration signal A calculating;
S3 seeks the input signal Z after albefaction according to whitening matrix W and acceleration signal A;
S4, the delay covariance matrix R of the input signal Z after calculating albefactionz(τ);
S5, according to delay covariance matrix Rz(τ) calculates orthogonal matrix V;
S6 seeks vibration shape matrix Φ according to orthogonal matrix V,
S7 asks the main shaft of modal vibration and the drift angle of geometric principal axis according to vibration shape matrix Φ.
2. the determination method of the skyscraper modal vibration main shaft according to claim 1 based on twin shaft actual measureed value of acceleration,
It is characterized in that, step S2 includes:
S21 calculates the covariance matrix R of acceleration signal AA(0);
S22, to covariance matrix RA(0) singular value decomposition is done;
S23 seeks whitening matrix W.
3. the determination method of the skyscraper modal vibration main shaft according to claim 2 based on twin shaft actual measureed value of acceleration,
It is characterized in that, S21, calculates the delay covariance matrix R of acceleration signal AA(0) include:
S211 is calculatedWherein subscript T representing matrix transposition;A (:, 1:n- τ) it indicates
Whole rows of matrix A and 1 to n- τ arrange composed submatrix;Wherein,
xi、yiRespectively x (t) and y (t) the acceleration signal of i-th of moment point test value, when x (t), y (t) are respectively t
Carve the acceleration signal on the direction construction geometry main shaft x, y that sampling obtains;
S212 calculates m according to the following formula1And m2;
Wherein, mean (A (1,1:n- τ)) indicates the average value of the 1:n- τ column element in the 1st row of calculating matrix A, with such
It pushes away;
S213 is calculated
S214, according toCalculate the delay covariance matrix R of symmetrizationA(τ);
S215 enables τ=0, obtains covariance matrix RA(0)。
4. the determination method of the skyscraper modal vibration main shaft according to claim 3 based on twin shaft actual measureed value of acceleration,
It is characterized in that, S22, to covariance matrix RA(0) formula of singular value decomposition is done are as follows:
RA(0)=U λ UT;
Wherein, U is the mutually orthogonal unit matrix of column vector, and λ is diagonal matrix.
5. the determination method of the skyscraper modal vibration main shaft according to claim 4 based on twin shaft actual measureed value of acceleration,
It is characterized in that, seeking the formula of whitening matrix W are as follows:
6. the determination method of the skyscraper modal vibration main shaft according to claim 5 based on twin shaft actual measureed value of acceleration,
It is characterized in that, S3, the formula of the input signal Z after albefaction is sought according to whitening matrix W and acceleration signal A are as follows:
Z=WA.
7. the determination method of the skyscraper modal vibration main shaft according to claim 6 based on twin shaft actual measureed value of acceleration,
It is characterized in that, S4, the delay covariance matrix R of the input signal Z after calculating albefactionz(τ) includes:
S41 is calculatedWherein subscript T representing matrix transposition;Z (:, 1:n- τ) indicate square
Whole rows of battle array Z and 1 to n- τ arrange composed submatrix;
S42 calculates m according to the following formula3And m4;
Wherein, mean (Z (1,1:n- τ)) indicates the average value of the 1:n- τ column element in the 1st row of calculating matrix Z, with such
It pushes away;
S43 is calculated
S44 calculates the delay covariance matrix of symmetrization:
8. the determination method of the skyscraper modal vibration main shaft according to claim 7 based on twin shaft actual measureed value of acceleration,
It is characterized in that, S5, according to delay covariance matrix Rz(τ) calculates orthogonal matrix V
S51, respectively to delay covariance matrix Rzτ value Δ t, the 2 Δ t of (τ) ... n Δ t, it is corresponding to obtain RzThe value of (τ);
Wherein Δ t is the sampling interval of acceleration test signal;
S52, set the initial value of orthogonal matrix V as
S53, according to RzThe initial value of (τ) and the initial value of orthogonal matrix carry out Givens and rotate to obtain spin matrix, by spin moment
Battle array is used as orthogonal matrix V;
S54 successively updates RzThe value of (τ) and the value of orthogonal matrix V, repeat step S53, until the non-diagonal of spin matrix
Line element square, which is greater than, presets minimum positive value, using the spin matrix as final orthogonal matrix V.
9. the determination method of the skyscraper modal vibration main shaft according to claim 8 based on twin shaft actual measureed value of acceleration,
It is characterized in that, S6, the formula of vibration shape matrix Φ is sought according to orthogonal matrix V are as follows:
Φ=W-1V。
10. the determination method of the skyscraper modal vibration main shaft according to claim 9 based on twin shaft actual measureed value of acceleration,
It is characterized in that, S7, according to vibration shape matrix Φ ask modal vibration main shaft and geometric principal axis drift angle include: the first side-sway vibration
Angle α=arctan (φ of dynamic main shaft and x-axis21/φ11), the angle α of the vibrating spindle of the shimmy type of second side and x-axis=
arctan(φ22/φ12), wherein
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