CN110457797A - A kind of test moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method - Google Patents
A kind of test moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110457797A CN110457797A CN201910688269.6A CN201910688269A CN110457797A CN 110457797 A CN110457797 A CN 110457797A CN 201910688269 A CN201910688269 A CN 201910688269A CN 110457797 A CN110457797 A CN 110457797A
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Abstract
The application belongs to structural static and fatigue test field, in particular to a kind of test moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method, it includes the steps of determining that on power loading direction, along the distance between bearing structure bottom surface fulcrum to adjacent nearest bolt and the distance between two neighboring bolt；Wherein, regard the column bolt on vertical force loading direction as a body of bolt；Bending load and torque equilibrium equation according to suffered by bearing structure obtain the body of bolt when bearing maximum load, the load that each body of bolt is born；Wherein, the uniform load that each body of bolt is born is identical；The body of bolt is calculated when bearing maximum load, the screw-down torque of each body of bolt；Obtain the screw-down torque of each bolt.The test of the application moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method, it is simple and easy, convenient for implementing in test and operating, and all bolts of vertical columns is enable more uniformly to carry, increases integrally-built bearing capacity.
Description
Technical field
The application belongs to structural static and fatigue test field, in particular to a kind of test moment of flexure bearing bolt screwing force
Square distribution method.
Background technique
General column is often used in structural static and fatigue test, as bogey, is made to balance load
The active force of dynamic device.And connector of the bolt as vertical columns, it is locked using identical screw-down torque, realizes consolidating for column
Conclude a contract or treaty beam, and assumes responsibility for all load.Column can be thought of as rigid body since rigidity is big with bolt compared with, bolt with
The bearing structure of column composition, weakness are concentrated mainly on bolt, especially when column bears moment of flexure, holding between bolt
Load power is simultaneously uneven, causes certain bolts to bear Main Loads, weakens the bearing capacity of bearing structure as a whole.
Due to the stronger rigidity of column, the bearing structure of transverse load is carried out commonly using it, is consolidated column by bolt
Surely test platform is arrived, testpieces is loaded by loading system.It, can column and bolt group when column bears transverse load
At structure on generate biggish moment of flexure, usual column strength and the sufficiently large thus weaker part of rigidity are concentrated mainly on
It connects on bolt.Several bolts need to undertake the bending load of transverse load generation, and the load being assigned on each bolt is not
With, uniform pretightning force (locking torque) is generallyd use at present, for side crops industry is that there is no problem, but for big load
In the case of, bolt inhomogeneities is obvious, and individual bolts bear Main Load and generate destruction, influences structural-load-carrying capacity and test
Safety.
Summary of the invention
At least one in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, this application provides a kind of test moment of flexure bearing bolt screwing forces
Square distribution method.
This application discloses a kind of test moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution methods, include the following steps:
Step 1: in bearing structure being arrangement mode according to the bolt of predetermined quantity, determine on power loading direction, along holding
Structure floor fulcrum is carried to the distance between adjacent nearest bolt and the distance between two neighboring bolt；Wherein, it will hang down
A column bolt on straight power loading direction regards a body of bolt as；
Step 2: bending load and torque equilibrium equation according to suffered by bearing structure, obtain the body of bolt and are bearing maximum
When load, load that each body of bolt is born；Wherein, the uniform load that each body of bolt is born is identical；
Step 3: the body of bolt is calculated when bearing maximum load, the screw-down torque of each body of bolt.
Step 4: by the numerical value of the screw-down torque of obtained each body of bolt divided by the Number of Bolts of the corresponding column of the body of bolt
It measures to get the screw-down torque of each bolt is arrived.
According at least one embodiment of the application, in said step 1,6,6 bolts of predetermined quantity are being carried
In 3 column arrangements in structure, location point is respectively A, B, C, wherein along the distance a, A of bearing structure bottom surface fulcrum O to the A body of bolt
The body of bolt is b to the distance between the B body of bolt, and the distance between B body of bolt to the C body of bolt is c；
In the step 2, bending load suffered by the bearing structure is M, in conjunction with torque equilibrium equation and by as follows
Formula (1) obtains:
FAa+FB(a+b)+FC(a+b+c)=M (1)；
Wherein, FA、FB、FCPulling force suffered by the body of bolt at respectively A, B, C tri-.
F is enabled in the step 2 according at least one embodiment of the applicationA=FB=FC=F0, obtain bolt
For body when bearing maximum load, the load formula (12) that each body of bolt is born is as follows:
F0=M/ (3a+2b+c) (12).
According at least one embodiment of the application, in the step 3, first pass through following formula (9), (10),
(11) A, B and C body of bolt screw-down torque T are obtained1A、T1BAnd T1c:
T1C=0 (11)；
T is enabled again0=KdF0, the body of bolt is finally obtained when bearing maximum load, and the screw-down torque of each body of bolt is respectively such as
Under:
T1C=0；
Wherein, K is moment coefficient；D is the diameter of bolt.
According at least one embodiment of the application, in said step 1, bearing structure is rigid body, and deformation is
Rigid deformation, at bearing structure and bolted installation side, rigidity is greater than bolt rigidity.
According at least one embodiment of the application, in said step 1, bolt is elastomer, and rigidity, which is less than, holds
Carry the rigidity of structure.
According at least one embodiment of the application, in said step 1, when bearing structure bears bending load, with
Increase with pivot distance, the linear of bearing structure bottom surface increases.
At least there are following advantageous effects in the application:
The test of the application moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method, it is simple and easy, convenient for implementing in test
And operation, and all bolts of vertical columns is enable more uniformly to carry, increase integrally-built bearing capacity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the application tests bolt carrying master in one embodiment with moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method
View；
Fig. 2 is that the application tests in one embodiment with moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method bolt carrying and bows
View；
Fig. 3 is that the application tests one embodiment central post and bolt with moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method
Bearing structure bears bending load schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is that the application tests in one embodiment with moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method bolt deformation and shows
It is intended to.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the application implementation clearer, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present application
Attached drawing, technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application is further described in more detail.In the accompanying drawings, identical from beginning to end or class
As label indicate same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Described embodiment is the application
A part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, it is intended to use
In explanation the application, and it should not be understood as the limitation to the application.Based on the embodiment in the application, ordinary skill people
Member's every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall in the protection scope of this application.Under
Face is described in detail embodiments herein in conjunction with attached drawing.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "front", "rear",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside" is based on attached drawing institute
The orientation or positional relationship shown is merely for convenience of description the application and simplifies description, rather than the dress of indication or suggestion meaning
It sets or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore should not be understood as protecting the application
The limitation of range.
1- Fig. 4 is further detailed with moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method to the test of the application with reference to the accompanying drawing
It describes in detail bright.
The application is tested with moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method, firstly, it is necessary to consider that bolt and column (are held
Carry structure) actual conditions, do following hypothesis:
1) assume that column is rigid body, deformation is rigid deformation, particularly with at bolted installation side, it is rigid
Degree is obviously much larger than bolt rigidity；
2) assume that bolt is much smaller than column rigidity, be thought of as elastomer and carry out linear elastic analysis；
3) assume column bottom surface from O point be fulcrum, bear bending load when, with O point distance increase, bottom surface hook
Property increase；
4) when assuming maximum load carrying, bolt bears uniform load, and each bolt carries identical, total deformation of generation
(including the deformation that tools for bolts ' pretension generates) is also identical.
Further, in one embodiment, structural static and common connection structure such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 in fatigue test
Shown, column 3 is fixed on test platform 5 by bolt 4.Loading system is connected on testpieces 1 and carrying column.Pass through load
System loads testpieces, while the load for the bearing structure balance load being made of column 3 and bolt 4.Column and spiral shell
The bearing structure of bolt composition bears bending load schematic diagram as shown in Figure 3.The deformation generated after bolt initial pretightening force, carrying with
And total deformation schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 4.
Further, the test of the application moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method, includes the following steps:
Step 1: in bearing structure being arrangement mode according to the bolt of predetermined quantity, determine on power loading direction, along holding
Structure floor fulcrum is carried to the distance between adjacent nearest bolt and the distance between two neighboring bolt；Wherein, it will hang down
A column bolt on straight power loading direction regards a body of bolt as.Such as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2,6 bolts are in bearing structure
3 column arrangements, then two bolts regard a body of bolt as.
Step 2: bending load and torque equilibrium equation according to suffered by bearing structure, obtain the body of bolt and are bearing maximum
When load, load that each body of bolt is born；Wherein, the uniform load that each body of bolt is born is identical.
Step 3: the body of bolt is calculated when bearing maximum load, the screw-down torque of each body of bolt；
By the numerical value of the screw-down torque of obtained each body of bolt divided by the bolt quantity of the corresponding column of the body of bolt to get
To the screw-down torque of each bolt.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the predetermined quantity of preferred bolt is that 6,6 bolts are carrying
In 3 column arrangements in structure, location point is respectively A, B, C, wherein along the distance a, A of bearing structure bottom surface fulcrum O to the A body of bolt
The body of bolt is b to the distance between B body of bolt body, and the distance between B body of bolt to the C body of bolt is c.
Finally, for the body of bolt when bearing maximum load, the screw-down torque of each body of bolt can be according to following calculation formula
It obtains:
It can be obtained by torque equilibrium equation:
FAa+FB(a+b)+FC(a+b+c)=M (1)；
Wherein, FA、FB、FCFor pulling force suffered by the body of bolt at A, B, C tri-.
In order to guarantee that body of bolt load distribution is uniform, enable
FA=FB=FC=F0(2)；
It can be obtained by Coordinate deformation equation:
ΔL1A+ΔL2A=Δ L1B+ΔL2B=Δ L1C+ΔL2C=Δ L0(3)；
It can be obtained by ess-strain formula:
F0=S0EΔL0/L0(4)；
It can be obtained by screw-down torque formula:
T=KFdd (5)；
It is available by the deformation generated under hypothesis and Fig. 4 body of bolt pretightning force before:
ΔL1C=0 (8)；
If A, B and C body of bolt screw-down torque is T1A、T1BAnd T1C, it can be obtained by formula (4) and (5):
T1C=0 (11)；
In addition, can be obtained by formula (1) and (2):
F0=M/ (3a+2b+c) (12)；
Enable T0=KdF0, finally obtaining body of bolt screw-down torque is T1A、T1BAnd T1CRespectively
T1C=0；
Wherein, alphabetical meaning is as follows in above-mentioned each formula:
T --- body of bolt screw-down torque；
K --- moment coefficient, general finished surface and it is unlubricated when be 0.18~0.21；
D --- the diameter of bolt；
Fd--- body of bolt pretightning force；
F0--- when bearing maximum load, the load that each body of bolt is born is (it has assumed that each body of bolt is held the body of bolt
The uniform load received is identical)；
M --- bending load suffered by bearing structure, M=Fh；
ΔL0--- bolt bears the deformation generated when maximum load；
L0--- bolt load partial-length；
H --- pulling force load(ing) point is to bearing structure upper level.
It should be noted that two bolts are merged into 1 by the analysis of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 according to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2
The body of bolt is calculated, so, by the bolt distribution mode of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the screw-down torque being calculated is two bolts,
Single Bolt Tightening Force square should be its half, similar structures can with and so on.
In conclusion the application tests the calculating quick-reading flow sheets (formula) with moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method
It is as follows:
M=Fh →；
T0=KdF0→；
T1C=0.
Each Bolt Tightening Force square that other are used with multiple (greater than 6 even number) bolts, is also obtained using above method
To the calculation method of screw-down torque.
In conclusion the test of the application moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method, simple and easy, convenient for trying
Middle implementation and operation are tested, and all bolts of vertical columns is enable more uniformly to carry, increases integrally-built carrying
Ability.
Further, in conjunction with the above method, disclosed herein as well is the simple operations methods that bolt pretightening applies:
The screw-down torque for guaranteeing each bolt is gone to seem more harsh sometimes in the case where testing room environmental with the spanner with torque.
Usually using more is the spanner with extension bar, spy proportional to bolt distribution distance according to above-mentioned screw-down torque at this time
Point, it is only necessary to know that a maximum screw-down torque, the screw-down torque of other nuts can go to apply in proportion.Such as it can adopt
With extension bar spanner with a scale, in the bolt that peak torque has been determined and after tightening, other bolts can be used identical
Power, but the position for holding extension bar is placed on next scale.This is a kind of simple and practical fixed form.
The above, the only specific embodiment of the application, but the protection scope of the application is not limited thereto, it is any
Within the technical scope of the present application, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those familiar with the art, all answers
Cover within the scope of protection of this application.Therefore, the protection scope of the application should be with the scope of protection of the claims
It is quasi-.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of test moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1: in bearing structure being arrangement mode according to the bolt of predetermined quantity, determine on power loading direction, along carrying knot
Structure bottom surface fulcrum is to the distance between adjacent nearest bolt and the distance between two neighboring bolt；It wherein, will be in vertical force
A column bolt on loading direction regards a body of bolt as；
Step 2: bending load and torque equilibrium equation according to suffered by bearing structure, obtain the body of bolt and are bearing maximum load
When, load that each body of bolt is born；Wherein, the uniform load that each body of bolt is born is identical；
Step 3: the body of bolt is calculated when bearing maximum load, the screw-down torque of each body of bolt；
Step 4: by the numerical value of the screw-down torque of obtained each body of bolt divided by the bolt quantity of the corresponding column of the body of bolt,
Obtain the screw-down torque of each bolt.
2. test moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
In step 1, for 6,6 bolts of predetermined quantity in 3 column arrangements in bearing structure, location point is respectively A, B, C, wherein is held on edge
Carry distance a, the A body of bolt of structure floor fulcrum O to the A body of bolt to the distance between the B body of bolt be b, the B body of bolt to C bolt
The distance between body is c；
In the step 2, bending load suffered by the bearing structure is M, in conjunction with torque equilibrium equation and passes through following formula
(1) it obtains:
FAa+FB(a+b)+FC(a+b+c)=M (1)；
Wherein, FA、FB、FCPulling force suffered by the body of bolt at respectively A, B, C tri-.
3. test moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
In step 2, F is enabledA=FB=FC=F0, the body of bolt is obtained when bearing maximum load, the load formula that each body of bolt is born
(12) as follows:
F0=M/ (3a+2b+c) (12).
4. test moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described
In step 3, following formula (9) is first passed through, (10), (11) obtain A, B and C body of bolt screw-down torque T1A、T1BAnd T1C:
T1C=0 (11)；
T is enabled again0=KdF0, the body of bolt is finally obtained when bearing maximum load, and the screw-down torque difference of each body of bolt is as follows:
T1C=0；
Wherein, K is moment coefficient；D is the diameter of bolt.
5. test moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
In step 1, bearing structure is rigid body, and deformation is rigid deformation, at bearing structure and bolted installation side,
Its rigidity is greater than bolt rigidity.
6. test moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
In step 1, bolt is elastomer, and rigidity is less than bearing structure rigidity.
7. test moment of flexure bearing bolt screw-down torque distribution method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
In step 1, when bearing structure bears bending load, with increasing with pivot distance, the linear of bearing structure bottom surface increases
Greatly.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910688269.6A CN110457797B (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2019-07-29 | Tightening torque distribution method for bending moment bearing bolt for test |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910688269.6A CN110457797B (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2019-07-29 | Tightening torque distribution method for bending moment bearing bolt for test |
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| CN110457797B CN110457797B (en) | 2022-11-22 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111797480A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-10-20 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Load distribution method for airplane bolt group |
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| US20040027082A1 (en) * | 2002-08-09 | 2004-02-12 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Method and apparatus for tightening bolts |
| CN103593542A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-02-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | Composite bolt connection structure pin load distribution determination method in consideration of intervals and tightening torque |
| JP2019105574A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-27 | 清水建設株式会社 | Load withstand performance testing machine and load withstand performance testing method |
| CN109977441A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-05 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Method and device for determining stress of bearing bolt hole of wind generating set |
-
2019
- 2019-07-29 CN CN201910688269.6A patent/CN110457797B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040027082A1 (en) * | 2002-08-09 | 2004-02-12 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Method and apparatus for tightening bolts |
| CN103593542A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-02-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | Composite bolt connection structure pin load distribution determination method in consideration of intervals and tightening torque |
| JP2019105574A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-27 | 清水建設株式会社 | Load withstand performance testing machine and load withstand performance testing method |
| CN109977441A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-05 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Method and device for determining stress of bearing bolt hole of wind generating set |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111797480A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-10-20 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Load distribution method for airplane bolt group |
| CN111797480B (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2022-07-12 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Load distribution method for airplane bolt group |
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