CN110456540B

CN110456540B - Dimming device, using method, manufacturing method, vehicle window, vehicle-mounted rearview mirror and automobile

Info

Publication number: CN110456540B
Application number: CN201910808820.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何盛一; 施逸豪; 何璇; 周莉; 裴琛; 于静雯
Original assignee: BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-08-29
Filing date: 2019-08-29
Publication date: 2022-03-18
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-29
Also published as: CN110456540A

Abstract

The invention discloses a dimming device, which comprises a photosensitive layer and a plurality of light sensing structures, wherein the light sensing structures generate electric signals according to sensed light intensity; the light modulation layer comprises a plurality of light modulation structures, wherein the light modulation structures in the plurality of light modulation structures correspond to the photosensitive structures in the plurality of photosensitive structures in a pairwise projection relationship; a variable light transmittance material layer including a plurality of material layers corresponding to the light adjusting structure; and the controller generates a control signal according to the electric signal so that the dimming structure corresponding to the photosensitive structure which generates the electric signal adjusts the light transmittance of the corresponding material layer. The invention can accurately judge the position and the direction of the sunlight irradiation, thereby realizing the pixel level adjustment of the light adjusting device.

Description

Dimming device, using method, manufacturing method, vehicle window, vehicle-mounted rearview mirror and automobile

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent automobiles, in particular to a dimming device, a using method, a manufacturing method, an automobile window, an automobile rearview mirror and an automobile.

Background

In the process of driving and returning, the glare of opposite, lateral or rear coming vehicles is an important factor influencing the sight of drivers and passengers and causing hidden traffic safety hazards, and the glare irradiating on the windows of the vehicles generates visual blind zones, thereby influencing the riding experience of the passengers, ensuring that the drivers cannot notice the road conditions and being very dangerous.

To solve this problem, many solutions have been proposed, such as modifying the vehicle lamp, adding a polarizing plate, and wearing polarizing glasses, but this method reduces the transmittance of light received by the line of sight, has certain potential safety hazard when driving at night, and has a novel application of utilizing the dimming glass to realize optical fiber regulation along with the development of electrochromic and liquid crystal materials, the invention controls the light transmittance of the dimming film applied to the car window by adjusting the input voltage, realizes the light adjustment of the whole car window or an anti-dazzle area, the disadvantage is that the visual difference between the anti-dazzle light area and the non-anti-dazzle light area is too large, which also affects the judgment of the driver to the road condition, and in the solution although light sensors are integrated to enable automation of the turning on of the dimming function, but often need to be installed around the glass structure, and lack accurate judgment on the strong glare irradiation position and direction.

Disclosure of Invention

To solve the technical problems mentioned in the background, a first aspect of the present invention provides a light modulation device, comprising

The photosensitive layer comprises a plurality of photosensitive structures arranged in an array, and the photosensitive structures generate electric signals according to the sensed light intensity;

the light modulation layer comprises a plurality of light modulation structures arranged in an array, wherein the light modulation structures in the light modulation structures correspond to the photosensitive structures in a pairwise projection relationship;

a variable light transmittance material layer including a plurality of material layers corresponding to the light adjusting structure;

and the controller generates a control signal according to the electric signal so that the dimming structure corresponding to the photosensitive structure which generates the electric signal adjusts the light transmittance of the corresponding material layer.

Optionally, the photosensitive structure is a first TFT structure and includes a first gate electrode, a first active region, a first end and a second end, where the first gate electrode is connected to a first gate driver IC through a first gate line, the first end is connected to a first source driver IC through a first data line, the second end is connected to the controller, and the first active region generates the electrical signal in response to light irradiation;

the dimming structure is a second TFT structure and comprises a second grid electrode, a second active region, a third end and a fourth end, wherein the second grid electrode is connected with a second grid electrode driving IC through a second grid line, and the third end is connected with a second source electrode driving IC through a second data line;

the light modulation layer further comprises a common electrode and pixel electrodes arranged in an array, wherein each pixel electrode is electrically connected with the fourth end of the corresponding second TFT structure, the common electrode is provided with a fixed potential, and the material layer is positioned between the common electrode and the pixel electrodes;

the controller identifies a first data line to which a first TFT structure generating the electrical signal is connected, determines a first gate line to which the first TFT structure generating the electrical signal is connected according to a timing signal of a first gate driving IC, thereby determining a position of the first TFT structure generating the electrical signal, and generates the control signal and transmits the control signal to a second gate driving IC and a second source driving IC in a case where the electrical signal exceeds a threshold value, so that a second TFT structure corresponding to the first TFT structure generating the electrical signal is turned on, and a driving signal from the second source driving IC is loaded on the pixel electrode.

Optionally, the material layer is a liquid crystal material layer;

the light modulation device further comprises a plurality of support columns, the support columns correspond to the projection relation of the light modulation structure and the light sensitive structure, and the material layers are separated.

Optionally, the light transmittance of the material layer is greater than that when the material layer is adjusted when the material layer is not adjusted by the corresponding light adjusting structure; or

The material layer has a light transmittance when not adjusted by the corresponding light adjustment structure that is less than a light transmittance when adjusted.

Optionally, the material layer is an electrochromic material layer.

Optionally, the light transmittance of the electrochromic material layer is related to the sensed light intensity.

Optionally, also include

And the black matrixes correspond to the projection relationship between the dimming structure and the photosensitive structure.

Optionally, the first active layer forms ohmic contacts with the first and second terminals.

Optionally, also include

An amplifying circuit for amplifying the electric signal;

and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used for converting the amplified electric signals into digital signals and sending the digital signals to the controller.

Optionally, also include

The array light modulation structure comprises a first transparent substrate, wherein the light modulation structures and pixel electrodes arranged in an array are formed on the first transparent substrate;

the first transparent medium protective layer covers the dimming structure and the pixel electrode;

the photosensitive structures arranged in the array are formed on the second transparent substrate;

the second transparent medium protective layer covers the photosensitive structure;

the light-transmitting layer covers the second transparent medium protection layer;

a third transparent medium protection layer formed on the surface of the second transparent substrate far away from the light-transmitting layer

The common electrode is formed on the third transparent dielectric protection layer, and the material layer is arranged between the common electrode and the first transparent dielectric protection layer.

Optionally, also include

A first transparent substrate on which the common electrode is formed;

the third transparent medium protection layer is formed on the surface, away from the light-transmitting layer, of the second transparent substrate, and the light modulation structures arranged in the array and the pixel electrodes are formed on the first transparent medium protection layer;

wherein the material layer is disposed between the common electrode and the third transparent dielectric protective layer.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle window, including the light modulation device, wherein the photosensitive layer is disposed to face an external environment of a vehicle, and the light modulation layer is disposed to face the interior of the vehicle.

A third aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted rearview mirror, including

A base; and

the light-adjusting device, wherein the photosensitive layer is disposed to face an external environment, and the light-adjusting layer is disposed to face the base.

In a fourth aspect, the invention provides an automobile comprising the window or the rearview mirror.

The fifth aspect of the present invention provides a method for dimming using the dimming device, comprising

The photosensitive structure senses light intensity and generates an electric signal;

the controller generates a control signal according to the electric signal, so that the light adjusting structure corresponding to the photosensitive structure which generates the electric signal adjusts the light transmittance of the corresponding material layer.

Optionally, the controller generates a control signal according to the electrical signal, so that adjusting the transmittance of the corresponding material layer by the dimming structure corresponding to the photosensitive structure generating the electrical signal includes

And the controller compares the electric signal with a threshold, if the electric signal is judged to be larger than the threshold, the control signal is generated, and the dimming structure corresponding to the photosensitive structure which generates the electric signal adjusts the light transmittance of the corresponding material layer according to the control signal.

The sixth aspect of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a light modulation device, including

Forming a dimming layer comprising a plurality of dimming structures arranged in an array;

forming a photosensitive layer, wherein the photosensitive layer comprises a plurality of photosensitive structures arranged in an array, the photosensitive structures generate electric signals according to sensed light intensity, and the projection relationship of each two of the dimming structures in the dimming structures corresponds to that of the photosensitive structures in the photosensitive structures;

forming a material layer with variable light transmittance, wherein the material layer comprises a plurality of material areas corresponding to the light adjusting structure;

and setting a controller, and generating a control signal according to the electric signal so that the light dimming structure corresponding to the photosensitive structure which generates the electric signal adjusts the light transmittance of the corresponding material area.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention has the advantages of clear principle and simple design, when in use, the plurality of photosensitive structures which are arranged in an array and are included in the photosensitive layer respectively sense the sunlight intensity, the controller can accurately determine the light intensity which is respectively sensed by the plurality of photosensitive structures which are arranged in the array, and control the corresponding dimming structures to adjust the light transmittance of the corresponding material layer, so that the position and the direction of sunlight irradiation can be accurately judged, and the pixel level adjustment of the dimming device is realized.

Drawings

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a light modulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of the photosensitive layer in the present embodiment;

fig. 3 shows a schematic structural view of the light modulation layer in the present embodiment;

fig. 4 shows a schematic layer structure diagram of a dimming device in one embodiment of the present embodiment;

fig. 5 shows a schematic layer structure diagram of a dimming device in another embodiment of the present embodiment;

fig. 6 shows a process flow chart of manufacturing the light adjusting device in the present embodiment;

fig. 7 shows a schematic connection diagram among the photosensitive structure, the controller, the dimming structure, the amplifier, and the analog-to-digital converter in the present embodiment;

fig. 8 shows a schematic flow diagram of the operation of the dimmer device;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing sunlight shining on the surface of the dimming device;

fig. 10 shows a schematic diagram of a dimming device after reducing light transmittance.

In the figure: 101. a first transparent substrate; 102. a second gate electrode; 103. a second insulating layer; 104. a second active layer; 105. a third end; 106. a fourth end; 107. a pixel electrode; 108. a layer of material; 109. a support pillar; 110. a first transparent dielectric protective layer; 201. a second transparent substrate; 202. a common electrode; 203. a first gate electrode; 204. a first insulating layer; 205. a first active layer; 206. a first end; 207. a second end; 208. a third transparent dielectric protective layer; 209. a black matrix; 210. a second transparent dielectric protective layer; 211. a light transmitting layer.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the invention, the invention is further described below with reference to preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Similar parts in the figures are denoted by the same reference numerals. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.

To solve the technical problem in the background art, fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a dimming device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the dimming device includes: a photosensitive layer, a dimming layer, a variable transmittance material layer 108, and a controller.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the photosensitive layer includes a plurality of photosensitive structures arranged in an array, the photosensitive structures generate an electrical signal according to the sensed light intensity, the dimming layer includes a plurality of dimming structures arranged in an array, wherein the dimming structures in the dimming structures correspond to the photosensitive structures in a pairwise projection relationship, the material layer 108 includes a plurality of material layers 108 corresponding to the dimming structures, and the controller generates the control signal according to the electrical signal generated by the photosensitive layer, so that the dimming structures corresponding to the photosensitive structures that generate the electrical signal adjust the transmittance of the corresponding material layers 108.

It should be noted that the dimming device in this embodiment may be used as a window of an automobile or a vehicle-mounted rearview mirror, and the window of the automobile should include: the controller can be a device with data processing and control functions, such as: the light adjusting device is used as a window or a vehicle-mounted rearview mirror of an automobile, so that when a user drives the automobile to run, the light intensity of sunlight irradiated on the surface of the light adjusting device can be respectively sensed by the plurality of photosensitive structures arranged in the array at different positions, an electric signal is generated according to the sensed light intensity, and the controller generates a corresponding control signal according to the electric signal, so that the light adjusting structures respectively corresponding to the photosensitive structures can adjust the light transmittance of the corresponding material layer 108.

Further, fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a photosensitive layer, fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a dimming layer, and fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a layer of a dimming device, in fig. 2, the photosensitive layer includes photosensitive structures arranged in a 4X4 array, correspondingly, in fig. 3, the dimming layer includes dimming structures arranged in a 4X4 array, and it should be known to those skilled in the art that the photosensitive structures and the number of arrays of dimming structures in this embodiment can be set by a user, which is not limited in this embodiment.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the photosensitive structure is a first TFT structure, and includes a first gate 203, a first active region, a first terminal 206 and a second terminal 207, where the first gate 203 is connected to a first gate driver IC through a first gate line, the first terminal 206 is connected to a first source driver IC through a first data line, the second terminal 207 is connected to the controller, and the first active region generates the electrical signal in response to light irradiation;

as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the dimming structure is a second TFT structure, and includes a second gate electrode 102, a second active region, a third terminal 105 and a fourth terminal 106, where the second gate electrode 102 is connected to a second gate driver IC through a second gate line, and the third terminal 105 is connected to a second source driver IC through a second data line;

the light modulation layer further includes a common electrode 202 and pixel electrodes 107 (only one pixel electrode 107 is labeled in fig. 3, and the other pixel electrodes 107 are not labeled), wherein each pixel electrode 107 is electrically connected to the fourth terminal 106 of the corresponding second TFT structure, the common electrode 202 is set to a fixed potential, and the material layer 108 is located between the common electrode 202 and the pixel electrode 107;

the controller identifies a first data line to which a first TFT structure generating the electrical signal is connected, determines a first gate line to which the first TFT structure generating the electrical signal is connected according to a timing signal of a first gate driving IC, thereby determining a position of the first TFT structure generating the electrical signal, and generates and transmits the control signal to a second gate driving IC and a second source driving IC in a case where the electrical signal exceeds a threshold value, so that a second TFT structure corresponding to the first TFT structure generating the electrical signal is turned on, and a driving signal from the second source driving IC is loaded on the pixel electrode 107.

In this embodiment, the first end 206 of the first TFT structure is a source electrode (or a drain electrode), the second end 207 is a drain electrode (or a source electrode), correspondingly, the third end 105 of the second TFT structure is a source electrode (or a drain electrode), the fourth end 106 is a drain electrode (or a source electrode), since the photosensitive structures and the corresponding dimming structures are arranged in an array, for example, the dimming device of the 4X4 array structure in fig. 2 and 3, in the photosensitive layer shown in fig. 2, the first gate electrode 203 of the first TFT structure of each row is connected to the first gate electrode driving IC through the first gate line, and the first end 206 of the first TFT structure of each column is connected to the first source electrode driving IC through the first data line, the second end 207 is connected to the processor, when the photosensitive layer is in operation, the first gate electrode 203 driving IC turns on all the first TFT structures of each row line by line according to the timing signal, the processor thereby receives the electrical signals output by the first TFT structures in the on state, illustratively, when the photosensitive structure is not illuminated, the size of the electrical signal received by the processor is I, and when the photosensitive structure in a row in a column is illuminated, for example, when the photosensitive structure in a row 3 and a column 4 is illuminated, the first active region of the first TFT structure in a row 3 and a column 4 is illuminated to generate an electrical signal, the size of the electrical signal received by the processor from the first TFT structure in a column is I + Δi, and since the first gate 203 driving IC turns on the first TFT structure row by row according to the timing signal, the processor can determine in which row the first TFT structure with the size of I + Δi of the electrical signal received by the processor is located according to the timing signal, and since the second end 207 of the first TFT structure in each column is connected to the processor, the processor can also determine in which column the first TFT structure with the size of I + Δi of the electrical signal received by the processor is located, therefore, the specific position of the first TFT structure irradiated by light can be accurately determined, and when an electrical signal generated by the first TFT structure due to the sensed light intensity exceeds a threshold value, it indicates that the irradiation intensity of sunlight received at the position is large, and the light transmittance at the position needs to be adjusted accordingly, at this time, the controller generates the control signal and sends the control signal to the second gate driver IC and the second source driver IC, so that the second TFT structure corresponding to the first TFT structure generating the electrical signal is turned on, and the drive signal from the second source driver IC is loaded on the pixel electrode 107.

That is to say, when the dimming device that this embodiment provided is used, the photosensitive layer includes carries out the sensing of sunshine light intensity respectively with a plurality of photosensitive structures that the array was arranged, and the controller can be accurate the light intensity that a plurality of photosensitive structures that arrange with the array sensed respectively to control and adjust the luminousness of corresponding material layer 108 with its corresponding dimming structure, the position and the direction that can accurate judgement sunshine shines, thereby realized dimming device's pixel level and adjusted.

When the electric signal generated by sensing the light intensity by one or more of the plurality of photosensitive structures arranged in the array is larger than the threshold value, the light intensity of the sunlight irradiated at the position or positions is larger, and when the electric signal is used as a vehicle window or a vehicle-mounted rearview mirror of an automobile, glare can be generated, so that a user generates a visual blind area, the passenger experience of passengers is influenced, and the driver cannot notice the road condition, therefore, the controller can control the dimming structure corresponding to the position or positions to adjust the light transmittance of the corresponding material layer 108, so that the dimming device can accurately adjust the anti-glare area, an obvious boundary cannot be formed between the glare area and the non-glare area, the observation of the user on the external environment such as the road condition and the like is not influenced, the problem of dazzling of the sunlight is solved, and the eye fatigue of the user can be relieved at the same time, the driving safety is improved.

It should be noted that, the threshold size in this embodiment may be set by the user, and this embodiment does not specifically limit this.

In an alternative embodiment of this embodiment, the material layer 108 is a liquid crystal material layer;

the light modulating device further comprises a plurality of support posts 109 corresponding to the light modulating structure and the light sensing structure in a projected relationship, separating the material layer 108.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the material layer 108 may be selected as a liquid crystal material layer, the plurality of supporting pillars 109 may divide the liquid crystal material layer into a plurality of liquid crystal layers having independent spaces, and the plurality of supporting pillars 109 correspond to the projection relationship of the photosensitive structures of the plurality of dimming structures, where the liquid crystal material has an advantage of a fast response time, in practical application, a dimming device using the liquid crystal material may be used as a front window and a front side window of an automobile according to an advantage of a fast response time of the liquid crystal material, when the dimming device is subjected to strong light, the light transmittance of the material layer 108 may be changed rapidly, so that eye irritation of sunlight to a driver is reduced, and safety is improved.

Further, the material layer 108 has a light transmittance when not adjusted by the corresponding dimming structure that is greater than a light transmittance when adjusted; or

The material layer 108 has a lower light transmittance when not tuned by the corresponding dimming structure than when tuned.

It should be noted that, the material layer 108 in this embodiment may be a PSLC material layer or a PDLC material layer, if the PSLC material layer is used, the material layer 108 will maintain a uniform orientation under the condition of not powering on, the device is transparent as a whole, and the orientation of liquid crystal molecules becomes disordered after powering on to reach a certain threshold, and the device presents a fuzzy state, that is, the light transmittance of the material layer 108 is greater than that when being adjusted when not being adjusted by the corresponding light adjusting structure; if the PDLC liquid crystal material layer is adopted, the material layer 108 is entirely transparent when energized, and is in a fuzzy state when not energized, that is, the transmittance of the material layer 108 is smaller than that when adjusted when not adjusted by the corresponding dimming structure.

In another alternative embodiment of this embodiment, the material layer 108 is an electrochromic material layer.

Specifically, the electrochromic material layer may be an organic material or an inorganic material, wherein the inorganic material may include zinc oxide and tungsten oxide, and the organic material may include polythiophene and its derivatives, viologen, tetrathiafulvalene, metal phthalocyanine compounds, and the like.

Further, in the above-mentioned case,

the light transmittance of the electrochromic material layer is correlated to the sensed light intensity.

It should be noted that, the electrochromic material has a slow response speed compared with the liquid crystal material layer, but can achieve an effect that the light transmittance is gradually changed along with the light intensity sensed by the light adjusting device, that is, the light adjusting device can adjust the light transmittance of the electrochromic material layer to different degrees according to the sensed light intensity, in practical application, the light adjusting device using the electrochromic material can be used as the rear window and the rear side window of the automobile according to the gradual change effect of the electrochromic material, and when the light adjusting device is irradiated by strong light, the light transmittance of the material layer 108 can be correspondingly adjusted according to the degree of the strong light.

In the example of FIG. 4, further comprising

And a plurality of black matrixes 209 corresponding to the projection relationship of the dimming structure and the photosensitive structure.

Specifically, since the first active region in the first TFT structure in the present embodiment generates an electrical signal in response to light irradiation, in order to avoid the first TFT structure being affected by light noise when it is exposed to light, in the example of fig. 3, the black matrix 209 corresponds to the light adjusting structure and the light sensing structure in a projection relationship, so that the light sensing accuracy can be correspondingly improved.

Further, the first active layer 205 forms ohmic contacts with the first terminal 206 and the second terminal 207.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the material of the first active layer 205 is a photosensitive material, and includes: a-Si, Ge, LTPS, and n + a-Si, while both sides of the first active layer 205 are heavily doped with n + materials, such as: n + a-Si, which can reduce the barrier difference between metal and semiconductor material and provide signal sensitivity.

Further, in an embodiment of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the dimming device further includes:

a first transparent substrate 101, wherein the light modulation structures and the pixel electrodes 107 arranged in an array are formed on the first transparent substrate 101;

a first transparent dielectric protective layer 110 covering the dimming structure and the pixel electrode 107;

the second transparent substrate 201, the photosensitive structures arranged in the array are formed on the second transparent substrate 201;

a second transparent medium protection layer 210 covering the photosensitive structure;

a light-transmitting layer 211 covering the second transparent medium protection layer 210;

a third transparent medium protection layer 208 formed on the surface of the second transparent substrate 201 far away from the light-transmitting layer 211, wherein

The common electrode 202 is formed on the third transparent dielectric protection layer 208, and the material layer 108 is disposed between the common electrode 202 and the first transparent dielectric protection layer 110.

Specifically, the first transparent dielectric protection layer 110, the second transparent dielectric protection layer 210, and the third transparent dielectric protection layer 208 in this embodiment are mainly used to protect the device as a whole, so as to increase the protection performance, and it should be noted that in the example of fig. 4, the dimming device further includes a first insulating layer 204 and a second insulating layer 103.

In an alternative embodiment of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the dimming device further comprises

A first transparent substrate 101, the common electrode 202 being formed on the first transparent substrate 101;

a third transparent dielectric protection layer 208 formed on a surface of the second transparent substrate 201 away from the light-transmissive layer 211, wherein the light-adjusting structures arranged in an array and the pixel electrodes 107 are formed on the first transparent dielectric protection layer 110;

wherein the material layer 108 is disposed between the common electrode 202 and the third transparent dielectric protective layer 208.

Unlike the above-described embodiments, the common electrode 202 in this embodiment is located on the first transparent substrate 101.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, when the material layer 108 is selected as a liquid crystal material layer, the photosensitive structure and the light modulation structure may be integrated together through a Cell process to form a completed light modulation device, fig. 6 shows a flow chart of a manufacturing process of the light modulation device in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, first, the photosensitive structure and the light modulation structure may be processed by a first TFT structure and a second TFT structure, respectively, the photosensitive structure is turned over after the photosensitive structure is subjected to the surface processes of the second transparent dielectric protection layer 210 and the light transmissive layer 211 on one side of the first TFT structure, then, the surface processes of the black matrix 209 and the first transparent dielectric protection layer 110 are performed on one side of the first transparent substrate 101 away from the first TFT structure, then the sputtering process of the common electrode 202 is performed, and at the same time, the surface processes of the third transparent dielectric protection layer 208 and the supporting pillars 109 are performed on the light modulation structure, then, filling and closing the liquid crystal material layer by means similar to a display panel Cell process, so that the photosensitive structure, the dimming structure and the liquid crystal material layer form a finished dimming device; when the material layer 108 is an electrochromic material layer, the light modulation structure, the material layer 108, and the photosensitive structure may be sequentially formed on the first transparent substrate 101 without using a matching manufacturing process.

Further, in this embodiment, the method further includes

An amplifying circuit N for amplifying the electric signal;

and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit ADC is used for converting the amplified electric signal into a digital signal and sending the digital signal to the controller.

Specifically, for example, as shown in fig. 7, a first end of the amplifier N receives the electrical signal, a second end of the amplifier N receives a ground voltage, a first end of the analog-to-digital converter ADC is electrically connected to a third end of the amplifier N, a second end of the analog-to-digital converter ADC is electrically connected to the controller, the amplifier N is configured to amplify the electrical signal, and the analog-to-digital converter ADC performs analog-to-digital conversion on the amplified electrical signal, converts the amplified electrical signal into a digital signal, and sends the digital signal to the controller.

A second embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle window including the light adjusting device, wherein the photosensitive layer is disposed to face an external environment of a vehicle, and the light adjusting layer is disposed to face the interior of the vehicle.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the light intensity of the sunlight is sensed by disposing the photosensitive layer to face the external environment of the vehicle so that the front side of the photosensitive layer faces the sunlight irradiation direction, it should be noted that the window herein should include a front window, a rear window and a side window, and the controller, the first source drive IC, the first gate drive IC, the second source drive IC and the second gate drive IC in the dimming device may be disposed at a frame of the window.

A third embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted rearview mirror, including

A base; and

Specifically, the dimming device may be fixed to the vehicle through the base, and it should be noted that, since the specific structure of the base in the vehicle-mounted rearview mirror is the prior art, this embodiment does not describe the specific structure thereof any more, and further, the controller, the first source driver IC, the first gate driver IC, the second source driver IC, and the second gate driver IC in the dimming device may be disposed at the frame of the vehicle-mounted rearview mirror.

A fourth embodiment of the present invention provides an automobile including the window or the rearview mirror.

A fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a method for dimming by using the dimming device, including the steps of:

the controller generates a control signal according to the electrical signal, so that the dimming structure corresponding to the photosensitive structure generating the electrical signal adjusts the light transmittance of the corresponding material layer 108.

Further, the method further comprises:

the controller generates a control signal according to the electrical signal, such that adjusting the transmittance of the material layer 108 by the light-adjusting structure corresponding to the light-sensing structure generating the electrical signal comprises

The controller compares the electrical signal with a threshold, and if the electrical signal is greater than the threshold, the controller generates the control signal, and the dimming structure corresponding to the photosensitive structure that generates the electrical signal adjusts the light transmittance of the corresponding material layer 108 according to the control signal.

The present embodiment is further described below with reference to practical application scenarios, fig. 8 shows a schematic working flow diagram of a dimming device, first, it should be noted that the dimming device in the present embodiment can be used as a window of an automobile or a vehicle-mounted rearview mirror, when a user drives the automobile to travel on a road, exemplarily, fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of sunlight irradiating on a surface of the dimming device, in fig. 9, the dimming device is divided into a plurality of grids, each grid corresponds to one photosensitive structure, a dimming structure and a material layer 108 are correspondingly disposed below each photosensitive structure, as shown in fig. 9, six positions (positions in fig. 6 are A, B, C, D, E, F respectively) on the dimming device are irradiated by the sunlight, at this time, the photosensitive structures at the six positions sense light intensity of the sunlight respectively, and outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the light, the electrical signal is amplified and analog-to-digital converted to obtain a digital signal and sends the digital signal to the controller, and the controller compares the digital signal with a threshold, and when the digital signal is judged to be greater than the threshold, it indicates that the intensity of the light sensed by the photosensitive structure is too high, and the sunlight on the surface is too dazzling (for example, the position a and the position B in fig. 6), and needs to be adjusted, at this time, the controller correspondingly outputs a control signal to the dimming structure, and the dimming structure adjusts the transmittance of the material layer 108 based on the control signal, so as to reduce the transmittance at the position with the higher intensity and reduce the transmittance of the sunlight at the position, fig. 10 shows a schematic diagram of the dimming device after the transmittance is reduced, in fig. 10, the transmittances at the position a and the position B are correspondingly reduced, similarly, when the digital signal is smaller than the threshold, it indicates that the sunlight on the surface is not too glaring (for example, position C, position D, position E, and position F in fig. 10), and is within a tolerable range of human eyes, so that the dimming structure is in a standby state, and thus, the dimming device can precisely adjust the anti-glare area, no obvious boundary is formed between the glare area and the non-glare area, and the observation of the driver and the passenger on the external environment such as road conditions is not affected, thereby ensuring the driving safety to a great extent.

A sixth aspect of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a light modulator, including the steps of:

forming a variable transmittance material layer 108 including a plurality of material regions corresponding to the light adjusting structure;

It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations or modifications may be made on the basis of the above description, and all embodiments may not be exhaustive, and all obvious variations or modifications may be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A light modulating device, comprising

a controller for generating a control signal according to the electrical signal to enable a light-adjusting structure corresponding to the photosensitive structure generating the electrical signal to adjust the light transmittance of the corresponding material layer,

the photosensitive structure is a first TFT structure and comprises a first grid electrode, a first active area, a first end and a second end, wherein the first grid electrode is connected with a first grid electrode driving IC through a first grid line, the first end is connected with a first source electrode driving IC through a first data line, the second end is connected with the controller, and the first active area responds to light irradiation to generate the electric signal;

2. The dimming device of claim 1,

the material layer is a liquid crystal material layer;

3. The dimming device of claim 2,

the light transmittance of the material layer is larger than that of the material layer when the material layer is not adjusted by the corresponding light adjusting structure; or

4. The dimming device of claim 1,

the material layer is an electrochromic material layer.

5. The dimming device of claim 4,

6. The dimming device of claim 1, further comprising

7. The dimming device of claim 1,

the first active layer forms ohmic contacts with the first and second terminals.

8. The dimming structure of claim 1, further comprising

An amplifying circuit for amplifying the electric signal;

9. The dimming device of claim 1, further comprising

10. The dimming device of claim 1, further comprising

A first transparent substrate on which the common electrode is formed;

11. A vehicle window comprising the dimming device of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the photosensitive layer is disposed to face an external environment of a vehicle and the dimming layer is disposed to face an interior of the vehicle.

12. A vehicle-mounted rearview mirror is characterized by comprising

A base; and

the dimming device of any of claims 1-10, wherein the photosensitive layer is disposed toward an external environment and the dimming layer is disposed toward the base.

13. An automobile comprising the window of claim 11 or the rearview mirror of claim 12.

14. A method of dimming using a dimming device as claimed in claims 1 to 10, comprising

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the controller generates the control signal according to the electrical signal, such that the light-adjusting structure corresponding to the light-sensing structure generating the electrical signal adjusts the transmittance of the corresponding material layer comprises

16. A method for manufacturing a light modulation device is characterized by comprising

a controller is arranged for generating a control signal according to the electric signal so that the light-adjusting structure corresponding to the photosensitive structure generating the electric signal adjusts the light transmittance of the corresponding material area,