CN110456231B - Power distribution network multiple fault diagnosis method under non-sound fault information - Google Patents
Power distribution network multiple fault diagnosis method under non-sound fault information Download PDFInfo
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- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power distribution network multiple fault diagnosis method under non-sound fault information, which comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a diagnosis decision table by utilizing the existing fault information of a power distribution network, then classifying and extracting effective information in mass alarm information through a complete process, correcting and uploading error information in the fault information, finally writing a diagnosis rule into a matrix form, quantizing the probability that a sample to be diagnosed meets the diagnosis rule, and obtaining a diagnosis result with the maximum probability. The invention can quickly and effectively realize fault diagnosis, and greatly increases the reliability, safety and flexibility of system operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power distribution network fault diagnosis application, and particularly relates to a power distribution network multiple fault diagnosis method under non-sound fault information.
Background
In the process of developing a power system, China has great construction force on power generation and transmission facilities, is very complete in scale and technology, and relatively speaking, has less investment and improvement on a power distribution network system. The current situation of unbalanced development of the power system causes the problems of low power supply reliability and low quality of electric energy, and the normal power supply is easily influenced by overhigh load of a distribution line or natural disasters. At present, the power distribution network mainly adopts an SCADA system with the most mature technology to monitor operation and acquire data. When abnormity or accidents occur in a power distribution network, all levels of protection automatic devices act and generate massive alarm information, the action information of the devices is indiscriminately provided for monitoring personnel in a short time, if various faults occur simultaneously and the protection and the circuit breaker reject and misoperation are accompanied, the alarm information can be lost in transmission, the problems become abnormal and complicated, the monitoring personnel can hardly make correct judgment in a short time, and great difficulty is brought to the fault removal and rapid power supply restoration. For the situation, on one hand, information required by fault analysis such as switching value state, fixed value and electric quantity sampling data needs to be rapidly and accurately identified from massive information; on the other hand, after the fault information is screened, fault diagnosis is rapidly completed through the information, and the diagnosed fault is fed back to a monitoring person to be clear information, so that the abnormal condition of the equipment can be found in time, and the safety and reliability of the power distribution network are improved.
In terms of the analysis, the conventional power distribution network fault diagnosis method cannot process massive alarm information when dealing with multiple faults; the utilization of the time sequence characteristic and the redundancy characteristic of the fault information is low, and the improvement of the applicability and the accuracy of the diagnosis method in different models is less facilitated; the fault tolerance is poor, and when the fault information has various uncertainties, such as the protection and the circuit breaker are refused to operate or are operated wrongly, and the uploading speed of the fault information is slow, wrong or lost, the accuracy of the diagnosis result is low. Therefore, aiming at the influence of the unhealthy fault information uploaded after the fault of the power distribution network on the fault diagnosis process, the invention provides the power distribution network multiple fault diagnosis method considering the unhealthy fault information.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a power distribution network multiple fault diagnosis method under non-sound fault information, which overcomes the defects in the prior art, can improve the accuracy and rapidity of power distribution network fault diagnosis, and has important practical significance in the aspects of shortening power failure time, reducing economic loss and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a power distribution network fault diagnosis method based on relay protection time sequence information characteristics comprises the following steps:
and 4, when the power distribution network line has a fault, starting a three-section type current protection device on the line near the fault point, and causing the circuit breaker to trip. Recording all started protection and tripped circuit breakers and tripping moments;
step 5, judging the information of the number of circuit breakers;
step 6, if the circuit breaker information does not exist but the protection starting information exists, calculating the protection starting conditions of all the lines; otherwise, entering the step 10;
step 7, if only one line with the maximum protection starting number exists, classifying the protection condition into upper-level protection, current-level protection and lower-level protection by taking the line as the current-level line, and otherwise, entering step 9;
step 8, calculating the probability that the starting conditions of the upper protection, the current protection and the lower protection in the sample to be diagnosed meet each diagnosis rule in the diagnosis decision table, finding the diagnosis rule with the maximum probability, correspondingly obtaining the fault area in the decision attribute, calculating the fault time according to the trip time, and entering step 19;
step 9, in the line with the largest protection starting number, the most downstream line is taken as the line of the current level, the protection condition is classified into the upper level protection, the current level protection and the lower level protection, and the step 8 is entered;
step 12, if the number of the protection start at the current level is more than the number of the protection start at the lower level, classifying the protection conditions into the protection at the upper level, the protection at the current level and the protection at the lower level, and entering the step 8; otherwise, entering step 13;
step 13, taking the subordinate line as a new local line, classifying the protection conditions into upper protection, local protection and subordinate protection, and entering step 8;
step 14, if the lower protection starting number in the adjacent line is the maximum, entering step 13; otherwise, entering step 15;
step 15, classifying the protection conditions into upper protection, current protection and lower protection by taking the upper line as a new current line, and entering step 8;
step 16, judging whether the two circuit breakers are positioned on adjacent lines;
step 17, if the line is positioned at the adjacent line, taking the lower line as the current line, calculating the protection starting numbers of the upper line, the current line and the lower line, and entering step 11; otherwise, entering step 18;
step 18, judging that multiple faults occur, respectively taking the circuit where each breaker which uploads fault information is located as a current-stage circuit, calculating the protection starting numbers of the current-stage circuit, the current-stage circuit and the next-stage circuit, and entering step 11;
step 19, judging whether unprocessed breaker information still exists;
step 20, if the unprocessed breaker information still exists, entering step 10; otherwise, entering step 21;
step 21, calculating the protection starting conditions of all lines;
step 22, if a line with a protection starting number not equal to zero exists, entering step 23; otherwise, ending the diagnosis;
step 23, searching a line with a protection starting number not equal to zero, and judging whether the line is a diagnosed fault area or an adjacent line of the fault area;
step 24, if the line is a diagnosed fault area or a line adjacent to the fault area, then step 22 is carried out; otherwise, entering the step 25;
step 25, taking the line as the line of the current level, calculating the protection starting numbers of the lines of the previous level, the current level and the next level, and entering step 11;
further, in step 1, complete three-section current protection is configured for each line in the power distribution network, and the starting condition of the three-section protection can be collected and recorded.
Further, the pretreatment process in step 2 is as follows:
for the circuit breaker and the protection action condition part in the fault information, the line where the BRK (n) is located is used as the current-stage line, and the corresponding P (n) I, P (n) II and P (n) III are respectively provided with three-stage protection for the line. Because the power distribution network is a single-power radial network, the protection information of other lines can be classified into three-segment protection of an upper-level line and three-segment protection of a lower-level line.
Regarding the fault section part in the fault information, the line where the trip circuit breaker brk (n) is located is taken as the current-stage line, and the fault line is classified into an upper-stage line L (n-1), a current-stage line L (n), and a lower-stage line L (n + 1).
Regarding the fault time part in the fault information, a line where a tripping circuit breaker BRK (n) is located is taken as a current-stage line, the fault time is written as T (n) I, T (n) II and T (n) III, and the calculation of the protection action time limit according to the first section, the second section and the third section of the current-stage line is respectively shown.
Further, the method for calculating the probability that the sample to be diagnosed satisfies each diagnosis rule in the diagnosis decision table in step 8 is as follows:
Test＝[P(n)I P(n)II P(n)III P(n+1)I P(n+1)II]
Rule(1)＝[1 1 1 0 0]Error(1)＝Test-Rule(1)
Rule(2)＝[0 1 1 0 0]Error(2)＝Test-Rule(2)
Rule(3)＝[0 1 1 1 1]Error(3)＝Test-Rule(3)
Rule(4)＝[0 0 1 0 1]Error(4)＝Test-Rule(4)
Rule(5)＝[0 0 1 1 1]Error(5)＝Test-Rule(5)
Rule(6)＝[0 0 1 0 0]Error(6)＝Test-Rule(6)
Rule(7)＝[0 0 0 0 0]Error(7)＝Test-Rule(7)
Wherein Test represents a matrix form of a sample to be diagnosed; p (n) I, P (n) II, P (n) III, P (n +1) I, P (n +1) II respectively correspond to the starting conditions of the current stage first section protection, the current stage second section protection, the current stage third section protection, the next stage first section protection and the next stage second section protection in the starting condition of the sample protection to be diagnosed, the '1' is taken in the starting condition, and the '0' is not taken in the starting condition. Rule (1) to Rule (7) are respectively written for each diagnosis Rule of a diagnosis decision table, Error (1) to Error (7) are respectively used for distinguishing a sample to be diagnosed from each diagnosis Rule, wherein '-1' in Error represents information loss, and '1' represents Error information increased by false action. P (i) represents the probability corresponding to each diagnostic rule, and is calculated from the number of missing information and error information in error (i), wherein a is the number of '1' in error (i), and b is the number of '1' in error (i); for any one protection, pMProbability of missing information for correct action, pEIs the probability that there is no protection action but false fault information is reported. According to empirical values and statistics of long-term operation of the distribution system, pM＝0.1～0.2,pE＝0.05～0.1。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the method firstly utilizes the existing fault information in the power distribution network to establish a diagnosis decision table, and divides the alarm information of multiple faults into different fault information of single faults by taking a trip circuit breaker as a standard, thereby solving the problem of massive alarm information; the method corrects the wrong or missing fault information in the uploading process through the starting matching relation between the three-section protection in the power distribution network, quantifies the probability that the sample to be diagnosed meets the diagnosis rule, solves the problem that the accuracy of the traditional fault diagnosis method is too low when the fault information is not sound, can quickly and effectively realize fault diagnosis, and greatly improves the reliability, safety and flexibility of system operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a topological diagram of a standard 13-node ungrounded neutral distribution network;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a power distribution network simulation circuit;
fig. 3 is a power distribution network fault diagnosis flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the implementation of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the invention discloses a power distribution network multiple fault diagnosis method under non-sound fault information, which can realize that when multiple faults occur in a power distribution network, a diagnosis decision table is obtained by utilizing the existing fault information of the power distribution network, then effective information in mass alarm information is extracted in a classification way through a complete process, error information in uploaded fault information is corrected, finally a diagnosis rule is written into a matrix form, the probability that a sample to be diagnosed meets the diagnosis rule is quantized, and the diagnosis result with the maximum probability is obtained.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, a power distribution network simulation circuit diagram as shown in fig. 2 is established based on a standard 13-node neutral point ungrounded power distribution network topological diagram as shown in fig. 1, the length of the circuit is marked in the diagram, the transformer and the load parameters are shown in table 1, and each section of the circuit is provided with complete three-section type current protection. Considering the protection coordination relationship of the upper and lower-level lines, the time parameters of the protection action model are set as follows: for the end lines 6, 8, 10 and 11, the action time limit of the current I section is 30 ms; for the lines 7 and 9, the action time limit of the current I section is 40ms, the action time limit of the current II section is 0.5s, and the action time limit of the current III section is 2 s; for the circuit 5, the action time limit of the current I section is 50ms, the action time limit of the current II section is 0.6s, and the action time limit of the current III section is 2.1 s; the action time limit of the breaker is 40 ms.
TABLE 1 Transformer and load parameters
Secondly, according to the fault diagnosis flow chart shown in fig. 3, firstly, collecting fault information which occurs in the power distribution network, and preprocessing each piece of fault information;
the pretreatment process is as follows:
for the circuit breaker and the protection action condition part in the fault information, the line where the BRK (n) is located is used as the current-stage line, and the corresponding P (n) I, P (n) II and P (n) III are respectively provided with three-stage protection for the line. Because the power distribution network is a single-power radial network, the protection information of other lines can be classified into three-segment protection of an upper-level line and three-segment protection of a lower-level line.
Regarding the fault section part in the fault information, the line where the trip circuit breaker brk (n) is located is taken as the current-stage line, and the fault line is classified into an upper-stage line L (n-1), a current-stage line L (n), and a lower-stage line L (n + 1).
Regarding the fault time part in the fault information, a line where a tripping circuit breaker BRK (n) is located is taken as a current-stage line, the fault time is written as T (n) I, T (n) II and T (n) III, and the calculation of the protection action time limit according to the first section, the second section and the third section of the current-stage line is respectively shown.
Thirdly, performing attribute reduction and value reduction on the decision table obtained in the second step to obtain a diagnosis decision table, which is shown in a table 2;
TABLE 2 diagnostic decision table
Fourthly, faults occur on lines 6, 7 and 9 in the power distribution network at the same time, three-section type current protection equipped on corresponding lines can detect fault current starting and cause a breaker to trip, and all started protection, tripped breakers and tripping moments are recorded;
fifthly, two pieces of breaker information are found out from the uploaded breaker and protection information, and are shown in table 3;
TABLE 3 non-robust Fault information
Sixthly, according to the step 16 of the flow chart, two circuit breakers are not positioned on adjacent lines;
seventhly, calculating the protection starting numbers of the upper-level line, the current-level line and the lower-level line by taking the line where each breaker which uploads the fault information is as the current-level line;
eighthly, judging a new line at the current level, and correspondingly matching the higher-level protection, the current-level protection and the lower-level protection with the diagnosis rules in the diagnosis decision table to obtain corresponding fault results;
the probability calculation method for the sample to be diagnosed to meet each diagnosis rule in the diagnosis decision table is as follows:
Test＝[P(n)I P(n)II P(n)III P(n+1)I P(n+1)II]
Rule(1)＝[1 1 1 0 0]Error(1)＝Test-Rule(1)
Rule(2)＝[0 1 1 0 0]Error(2)＝Test-Rule(2)
Rule(3)＝[0 1 1 1 1]Error(3)＝Test-Rule(3)
Rule(4)＝[0 0 1 0 1]Error(4)＝Test-Rule(4)
Rule(5)＝[0 0 1 1 1]Error(5)＝Test-Rule(5)
Rule(6)＝[0 0 1 0 0]Error(6)＝Test-Rule(6)
Rule(7)＝[0 0 0 0 0]Error(7)＝Test-Rule(7)
Wherein Test represents a matrix form of a sample to be diagnosed; p (n) I, P (n) II, P (n) III, P (n +1) I, P (n +1) II respectively correspond to the starting conditions of the current stage first section protection, the current stage second section protection, the current stage third section protection, the next stage first section protection and the next stage second section protection in the starting condition of the sample protection to be diagnosed, the '1' is taken in the starting condition, and the '0' is not taken in the starting condition. Rule (1) to Rule (7) are respectively written for each diagnosis Rule of the diagnosis decision table, and Error (1) to Error (7) are respectivelyThe difference between the sample to be diagnosed and each diagnostic rule, where '1' in Error represents a missing information and '1' represents a false information with an added false action. P (i) represents the probability corresponding to each diagnostic rule, and is calculated from the number of missing information and error information in error (i), wherein a is the number of '1' in error (i), and b is the number of '1' in error (i); for any one protection, pMProbability of missing information for correct action, pEIs the probability that there is no protection action but false fault information is reported. According to empirical values and statistics of long-term operation of the distribution system, pM＝0.1～0.2,pE＝0.05～0.1。
Ninthly, repeating the sixth step, the seventh step and the eighth step until no unprocessed breaker information exists;
tenthly, calculating the protection starting conditions of all lines;
eleven, finding out a line with a protection starting number not being zero, wherein the line is not a diagnosed fault area or an adjacent line of the fault area;
twelfth, taking the line as the line of the current level, and calculating the protection starting number of the lines of the previous level, the current level and the next level;
thirteen, judging a new line of the current level according to the protection starting number, and correspondingly matching the upper level protection, the current level protection and the lower level protection with the diagnosis rules in the diagnosis decision table to obtain corresponding fault results;
fourteen, the diagnosis results of all single faults are integrated to obtain the diagnosis result of the multiple faults of the power distribution network, as shown in table 4:
TABLE 4 diagnosis simulation results of multiple faults of distribution network
| Fault diagnosis result | Faulty zone | Moment of failure |
| Failure one | Line 6 | T(6)I＝tBRK-ΔTBRK-T6,＝1.091-0.04-0.04＝1.011s |
| Failure two | Line 7 | T(7)I＝tBRK-ΔTBRK-T7,＝1.100-0.04-0.05＝1.010s |
| Failure three | Line 9 | T(9)I＝1.521-0.5＝1.021s |
Analyzing the simulation diagnosis result to obtain: the method can accurately diagnose each fault area of multiple faults under the condition of non-sound fault information, and can accurately diagnose the fault moment within a certain time error.
Claims (4)
1. A power distribution network multiple fault diagnosis method under non-sound fault information is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, configuring a complete three-section type current protection device on each line in a power distribution network;
step 2, collecting fault information which occurs in the power distribution network, and preprocessing each piece of fault information;
step 3, taking breaker and protection action conditions in the preprocessed fault information as condition attributes, taking corresponding fault elements and fault moments as decision attributes to establish a decision table, and performing attribute reduction and value reduction to obtain a diagnosis decision table;
step 4, when a power distribution network line has a fault, starting a three-section type current protection device on a line near a fault point, causing a breaker to trip, and recording all started protection, tripped breakers and tripping moments;
step 5, judging the number of the breaker information;
step 6, if the circuit breaker information does not exist but the protection starting information exists, calculating the protection starting conditions of all the lines; otherwise, entering the step 10;
step 7, if only one line with the maximum protection starting number exists, classifying the protection condition into upper-level protection, current-level protection and lower-level protection by taking the line as the current-level line, and otherwise, entering step 9;
step 8, calculating the probability that the starting conditions of the upper protection, the current protection and the lower protection in the sample to be diagnosed meet each diagnosis rule in the diagnosis decision table, finding the diagnosis rule with the maximum probability, correspondingly obtaining the fault area in the decision attribute, calculating the fault time according to the trip time, and entering step 19;
step 9, in the line with the largest protection starting number, the most downstream line is taken as the line of the current level, the protection condition is classified into the upper level protection, the current level protection and the lower level protection, and the step 8 is entered;
step 10, if only one breaker information exists, the circuit where the breaker with the fault information is located is the circuit of the current level, and the protection starting numbers of the circuits of the upper level, the current level and the lower level are calculated; otherwise, entering step 16;
step 11, if the number of the protection start at the current level in the adjacent line is the maximum, judging whether the number of the protection start at the current level is more than the number of the protection start at the next level; otherwise, entering step 14;
step 12, if the number of the protection start at the current level is more than the number of the protection start at the lower level, classifying the protection conditions into the protection at the upper level, the protection at the current level and the protection at the lower level, and entering the step 8; otherwise, entering step 13;
step 13, taking the subordinate line as a new local line, classifying the protection conditions into upper protection, local protection and subordinate protection, and entering step 8;
step 14, if the lower protection starting number in the adjacent line is the maximum, entering step 13; otherwise, entering step 15;
step 15, classifying the protection conditions into upper protection, current protection and lower protection by taking the upper line as a new current line, and entering step 8;
step 16, judging whether any two circuit breakers are positioned on adjacent lines;
step 17, if the line is positioned at the adjacent line, taking the lower line as the current line, calculating the protection starting numbers of the upper line, the current line and the lower line, and entering step 11; otherwise, entering step 18;
step 18, judging that multiple faults occur, respectively taking the circuit where each breaker which uploads fault information is located as a current-stage circuit, calculating the protection starting numbers of the current-stage circuit, the current-stage circuit and the next-stage circuit, and entering step 11;
step 19, judging whether unprocessed breaker information still exists;
step 20, if the unprocessed breaker information still exists, entering step 10; otherwise, entering step 21;
step 21, calculating the protection starting conditions of all lines;
step 22, if a line with a protection starting number not equal to zero exists, entering step 23; otherwise, ending the diagnosis;
step 23, searching a line with a protection starting number not equal to zero, and judging whether the line is a diagnosed fault area or an adjacent line of the fault area;
step 24, if the line is a diagnosed fault area or a line adjacent to the fault area, then step 22 is carried out; otherwise, entering the step 25;
and 25, calculating the protection starting numbers of the upper-level line, the current-level line and the lower-level line by taking the line as the current-level line, and entering the step 11.
2. The method for diagnosing multiple faults of a power distribution network under the condition of non-sound fault information according to claim 1, wherein the preprocessing process in the step 2 is as follows:
for the circuit breaker and the protection action condition part in the fault information, the circuit where the BRK (n) is located is used as the current-stage circuit, the corresponding P (n) I, P (n) II and P (n) III are respectively three-stage protection equipped for the circuit, and the protection information of the other circuits is classified into three-stage protection of the upper-stage circuit and three-stage protection of the lower-stage circuit;
regarding the fault section part in the fault information, the line where the tripping circuit breaker BRK (n) is located is taken as the current-level line, and the fault line is classified into an upper-level line L (n-1), a current-level line L (n) and a lower-level line L (n + 1);
regarding the fault time part in the fault information, a line where a tripping circuit breaker BRK (n) is located is taken as a current-stage line, the fault time is written as T (n) I, T (n) II and T (n) III, and the results of calculation of protection action time limits brought into a first section, a second section and a third section of the current-stage line are respectively represented.
3. The method for diagnosing the multiple faults of the power distribution network under the condition of the unhealthy fault information as claimed in claim 2, wherein the probability that the sample to be diagnosed meets each diagnosis rule in the diagnosis decision table in the step 8 is calculated as follows:
Test＝[P(n)I P(n)II P(n)III P(n+1)I P(n+1)II]
Rule(1)＝[1 1 1 0 0]Error(1)＝Test-Rule(1)
Rule(2)＝[0 1 1 0 0]Error(2)＝Test-Rule(2)
Rule(3)＝[0 1 1 1 1]Error(3)＝Test-Rule(3)
Rule(4)＝[0 0 1 0 1]Error(4)＝Test-Rule(4)
Rule(5)＝[0 0 1 1 1]Error(5)＝Test-Rule(5)
Rule(6)＝[0 0 1 0 0]Error(6)＝Test-Rule(6)
Rule(7)＝[0 0 0 0 0]Error(7)＝Test-Rule(7)
Wherein Test represents a matrix form of a sample to be diagnosed; p (n) I, P (n) II, P (n) III, P (n +1) I, P (n +1) II respectively correspond to the starting conditions of the current stage first stage protection, the current stage second stage protection, the current stage third stage protection, the next stage first stage protection and the next stage second stage protection in the starting condition of the sample protection to be diagnosed, 1 is taken in the starting condition, and 0 is not taken in the starting condition; rule (1) -Rule (7) are respectively used for writing each diagnosis Rule, Error (1) -Err (7) from the diagnosis decision tableor (7) is the difference between the sample to be diagnosed and each diagnosis rule, wherein-1 in Error represents information loss, and 1 represents Error information increased by misoperation; p (i) represents the probability corresponding to each diagnostic rule, and is calculated from the number of missing information and error information in error (i), wherein a is the number of '1' in error (i), and b is the number of '1' in error (i); for any one protection, pMProbability of missing information for correct action, pEIs the probability that there is no protection action but false fault information is reported.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein p is the power distribution network multiple fault diagnosis method based on the non-robust fault informationM＝0.1～0.2,pE＝0.05～0.1。
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