CN110455268A - 一种基于光纤光栅传感的智能标识标牌与界碑 - Google Patents

一种基于光纤光栅传感的智能标识标牌与界碑 Download PDF

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CN110455268A
CN110455268A CN201910525657.2A CN201910525657A CN110455268A CN 110455268 A CN110455268 A CN 110455268A CN 201910525657 A CN201910525657 A CN 201910525657A CN 110455268 A CN110455268 A CN 110455268A
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sensor
combined housing
optical fiber
sensor fibre
boundary tablet
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童杏林
李雪
熊家国
张翠
邓承伟
许欧阳
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
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    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G01D5/35306—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement
    • G01D5/35309—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer
    • G01D5/35312—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer using a Fabry Perot
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G01D5/35306—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement
    • G01D5/35309—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer
    • G01D5/35316—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer using a Bragg gratings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F7/00—Signs, name or number plates, letters, numerals, or symbols; Panels or boards
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F7/00—Signs, name or number plates, letters, numerals, or symbols; Panels or boards
    • G09F2007/005—Signs associated with a sensor

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Abstract

本发明涉及光纤传感技术领域，具体指一种基于光纤光栅传感的智能标识标牌与界碑；包括复合壳体，所述复合壳体植入于标识标牌或界碑中，复合壳体内设有传感光纤，所述传感光纤的接入端上设有应变和温度传感器；所述复合壳体内设有FBG振动传感器或法布里‑珀罗谐振腔振动传感器；本发明将光纤光栅传感阵列应用于标识标牌与界碑中，采用时分解调方式可以同时检测温度和应力多种参量的变化，对智能标识标牌与界碑周边环境信息进行实时监测；可辨识和分析出标识标牌与界碑的位置、非法损害、移动及周边非法作业多种实施状况，具有定位精度高、响应快、抗电磁干扰、抗腐蚀、耐高温、本征防爆等特点。

Description

一种基于光纤光栅传感的智能标识标牌与界碑
技术领域
本发明涉及光纤传感技术领域，具体指一种基于光纤光栅传感的智能标识标牌与界碑。
背景技术
目前大部分的标识标牌与界碑常用石、木、水泥等材料制成，只是具有标识和警示作用。例如，指示地下埋有光缆的标识牌仅仅具有警示的作用，无法对周围影响地下光缆的非法施工和破坏进行探测。光纤传感技术具有灵敏度高、抗电磁干扰、本征安全和在恶劣环境中长期稳定工作等优点，随着光纤传感技术的发展，光纤光栅凭借低损耗、光谱特性好、可靠性高等优点在各类传感器中突出。光纤光栅传感技术很适合作为分布式元件，将其埋入材料或者贴合于内部表面，对温度和应变等均可以进行检测。将光纤光栅传感技术应用于标识标牌与界碑中，可以对标识牌和界碑周围的环境进行实时检测，对国防标识标牌与界碑的长期安全运行提供保障，具有很大的经济价值和重要的社会价值，研究成果具有十分广泛的应用场景。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的缺陷和不足，提供一种结构合理、可以对周围的环境进行实时检测的基于光纤光栅传感的智能标识标牌与界碑。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
本发明所述的一种基于光纤光栅传感的智能标识标牌与界碑,包括复合壳体，所述复合壳体植入于标识标牌或界碑中，复合壳体内设有传感光纤，所述传感光纤的接入端上设有应变和温度传感器；所述复合壳体内设有FBG振动传感器或法布里-珀罗谐振腔振动传感器。
根据以上方案，所述FBG振动传感器包括刻写于传感光纤上的低反射率布拉格光栅，传感光纤的两端与复合壳体固定连接进而使传感光纤横向悬空设置在复合壳体的内腔中，且传感光纤上设有质量块。
根据以上方案，所述复合壳体内设有两个涨紧轮，两个涨紧轮相互间隔地设于复合壳体的上部内腔中，传感光纤的中部绕设于两个涨紧轮上；所述复合壳体的下部内腔中设有两个固定端子，两个固定端子与传感光纤的两个端部固定连接；所述质量块粘接在两个涨紧轮之间的传感光纤上，低反射率布拉格光栅刻写在其中一个涨紧轮与固定端子之间的传感光纤上。
根据以上方案，所述法布里-珀罗谐振腔振动传感器包括刻写在传感光纤上的两个低反射率啁啾光栅，两个低反射率啁啾光栅在传感光纤上以距离H间隔设置；所述两个低反射率啁啾光栅分别封装在复合壳体的低位参考点和高位参考点上。
根据以上方案，所述复合壳体内设有竖直的柱体，传感光纤以螺旋的方式缠绕在柱体上，两个低反射率啁啾光栅处的传感光纤分别固定在柱体的低位参考点和高位参考点上。
根据以上方案，所述应变和温度传感器为配对布拉格光栅刻写在传感光纤构成的F-P温压传感器。
根据以上方案，所述复合壳体内设有光纤组件，光纤组件用于将若干传感光纤依次连接构成光纤光栅传感阵列。
本发明有益效果为：本发明将光纤光栅传感阵列应用于标识标牌与界碑中，采用时分解调方式可以同时检测温度和应力多种参量的变化，对智能标识标牌与界碑周边环境信息进行实时监测；可辨识和分析出标识标牌与界碑的位置、非法损害、移动及周边非法作业多种实施状况，具有定位精度高、响应快、抗电磁干扰、抗腐蚀、耐高温、本征防爆等特点。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施例1结构示意图；
图2是本发明的实施例2结构示意图。
图中：
1、复合壳体；2、传感光纤；21、应变和温度传感器；22、FBG振动传感器；23、法布里-珀罗谐振腔振动传感器；221、低反射率布拉格光栅；222、质量块；223、固定端子；224、涨紧轮；231、低反射率啁啾光栅；232、柱体。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图与实施例对本发明的技术方案进行说明。
如图1-2所示，本发明所述的一种基于光纤光栅传感的智能标识标牌与界碑,包括复合壳体1，所述复合壳体1植入于标识标牌或界碑中，复合壳体1内设有传感光纤2，所述传感光纤2的接入端上设有应变和温度传感器21；所述复合壳体1内设有FBG振动传感器22或法布里-珀罗谐振腔振动传感器23；本发明用于将多个智能标识标牌与界碑中的传感光纤2熔接构成光纤光栅传感阵列，通过信号解调仪、数据处理单元、计算机组成的后台处理端对智能标识标牌与界碑周边环境进行监测，可实时监测标识标牌与界碑的位置、非法损害、移动及周边非法作业多种实施状况，具有定位精度高、响应快、抗电磁干扰、抗腐蚀、耐高温、本征防爆等特点。
实施例1，如图1所示，所述FBG振动传感器22包括刻写于传感光纤2上的低反射率布拉格光栅221，传感光纤2的两端与复合壳体1固定连接进而使传感光纤2横向悬空设置在复合壳体1的内腔中，且传感光纤2上设有质量块222；所述质量块222用于感知外部振动，质量块222振动会拉伸传感光纤2，从而使低反射率布拉格光栅221的反射波长发生漂移，进而通过时分复用技术可对监测点进行精确定位，并通过后台分析程序对周边环境变量进行分析和研判。
所述复合壳体1内设有两个涨紧轮224，两个涨紧轮224相互间隔地设于复合壳体1的上部内腔中，传感光纤2的中部绕设于两个涨紧轮224上；所述复合壳体1的下部内腔中设有两个固定端子223，两个固定端子223与传感光纤2的两个端部固定连接；所述质量块222粘接在两个涨紧轮224之间的传感光纤2上，低反射率布拉格光栅221刻写在其中一个涨紧轮224与固定端子223之间的传感光纤2上；所述涨紧轮224之间的传感光纤2存在标定值范围内的延伸量，复合壳体1受到外部振动时，质量块222产生竖向的振动从而拉伸传感光纤2，低反射率布拉格光栅221的反射波长发生漂移，进而通过时分复用技术可对监测点进行精确定位。
实施例2，如图2所示，所述法布里-珀罗谐振腔振动传感器23包括刻写在传感光纤2上的两个低反射率啁啾光栅231，两个低反射率啁啾光栅231在传感光纤2上以距离H间隔设置；所述两个低反射率啁啾光栅231分别封装在复合壳体1的低位参考点和高位参考点上；所述两个低反射率啁啾光栅231构成了法布里-珀罗(F-P)谐振腔，由于干涉腔内介质为光纤，光在腔内来回反射的损耗很小，所以其腔长可以很长，本实施例中的H范围为1-2m。低反射率啁啾光栅231中心波长的3dB带宽大于0.2nm，低反射率啁啾光栅231构成法布里-珀罗(F-P)谐振腔的反射光谱比低反射率FBG振动传感器22要明显得多，对周围环境的敏感度更高，可以更加准确地感知周边非法施工情况。
所述复合壳体1内设有竖直的柱体232，传感光纤2以螺旋的方式缠绕在柱体232上，两个低反射率啁啾光栅231处的传感光纤2分别固定在柱体232的低位参考点和高位参考点上；所述传感光纤2以螺旋的方式缠绕可以保证其上的两个低反射率啁啾光栅231之间的间距H，低反射率啁啾光栅231根据需要其反射率范围可在-40到-20dB之间，FBG波长可以为全同波长或不同的波长，其中心波长会受到外界应变等参数变化的影响而发生漂移；两个低反射率啁啾光栅231分别为顶部的参考光栅和底部的传感光栅，对低反射率啁啾光栅231进行特殊封装使其固定不受应力的作用；参考光栅通过标定得到温度特性，根据传感光栅温度特性曲线可以从传感光栅的波长漂移中剔除温度的影响，解调出应变，感知智能标识标牌和界碑的非法移动和破坏。
所述应变和温度传感器21为配对布拉格光栅刻写在传感光纤2构成的F-P温压传感器，所述应变和温度传感器21用于对振动传感器的信号补偿。
所述复合壳体1内设有光纤组件，光纤组件用于将若干传感光纤依次连接构成光纤光栅传感阵列，本发明通过光纤组件将多个智能标识标牌与界碑中的传感光纤2熔接构成光纤光栅传感阵列，通过信号解调仪、数据处理单元、计算机组成的后台处理端对智能标识标牌与界碑周边环境进行监测，可实时监测标识标牌与界碑的位置、非法损害、移动及周边非法作业多种实施状况，具有定位精度高、响应快、抗电磁干扰、抗腐蚀、耐高温、本征防爆等特点。
以上所述仅是本发明的较佳实施方式，故凡依本发明专利申请范围所述的构造、特征及原理所做的等效变化或修饰，均包括于本发明专利申请范围内。

Claims (7)

1.一种基于光纤光栅传感的智能标识标牌与界碑,包括复合壳体(1)，其特征在于：所述复合壳体(1)植入于标识标牌或界碑中，复合壳体(1)内设有传感光纤(2)，所述传感光纤(2)的接入端上设有应变和温度传感器(21)；所述复合壳体(1)内设有FBG振动传感器(22)或法布里-珀罗谐振腔振动传感器(23)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于光纤光栅传感的智能标识标牌与界碑，其特征在于：所述FBG振动传感器(22)包括刻写于传感光纤(2)上的低反射率布拉格光栅(221)，传感光纤(2)的两端与复合壳体(1)固定连接进而使传感光纤(2)横向悬空设置在复合壳体(1)的内腔中，且传感光纤(2)上设有质量块(222)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的基于光纤光栅传感的智能标识标牌与界碑，其特征在于：所述复合壳体(1)内设有两个涨紧轮(224)，两个涨紧轮(224)相互间隔地设于复合壳体(1)的上部内腔中，传感光纤(2)的中部绕设于两个涨紧轮(224)上；所述复合壳体(1)的下部内腔中设有两个固定端子(223)，两个固定端子(223)与传感光纤(2)的两个端部固定连接；所述质量块(222)粘接在两个涨紧轮(224)之间的传感光纤(2)上，低反射率布拉格光栅(221)刻写在其中一个涨紧轮(224)与固定端子(223)之间的传感光纤(2)上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的基于光纤光栅传感的智能标识标牌与界碑，其特征在于：所述法布里-珀罗谐振腔振动传感器(23)包括刻写在传感光纤(2)上的两个低反射率啁啾光栅(231)，两个低反射率啁啾光栅(231)在传感光纤(2)上以距离H间隔设置；所述两个低反射率啁啾光栅(231)分别封装在复合壳体(1)的低位参考点和高位参考点上。
5.根据权利要求4所述的基于光纤光栅传感的智能标识标牌与界碑，其特征在于：所述复合壳体(1)内设有竖直的柱体(232)，传感光纤(2)以螺旋的方式缠绕在柱体(232)上，两个低反射率啁啾光栅(231)处的传感光纤(2)分别固定在柱体(232)的低位参考点和高位参考点上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的基于光纤光栅传感的智能标识标牌与界碑，其特征在于：所述应变和温度传感器(21)为配对布拉格光栅刻写在传感光纤(2)构成的F-P温压传感器。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一所述的基于光纤光栅传感的智能标识标牌与界碑，其特征在于：所述复合壳体(1)内设有光纤组件，光纤组件用于将若干传感光纤依次连接构成光纤光栅传感阵列。
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