CN110454571B

CN110454571B - Parking device and car

Info

Publication number: CN110454571B
Application number: CN201910780040.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹青松; 刘望; 邱香; 易星
Original assignee: Jiangxi University of Technology
Current assignee: Jiangxi University of Technology
Priority date: 2019-08-22
Filing date: 2019-08-22
Publication date: 2021-07-27
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-22
Also published as: CN110454571A

Abstract

The invention provides a parking device and an automobile, wherein the parking device comprises a locking gear, a pawl, a driver and a buffer mechanism, the pawl comprises a connecting part connected with the driver and an engaging part engaged with the locking gear, the buffer mechanism is connected between the connecting part and the engaging part, the buffer mechanism comprises a valve body, magnetorheological fluid arranged in a cavity of the valve body, a piston hermetically and slidably connected with the cavity of the valve body, a valve rod with one end connected with the piston and the other end extending out of the valve body and connected with the engaging part, and a magnetic control assembly arranged on the piston, a throttling hole for the circulation of the magnetorheological fluid is formed in the piston, and the magnetic control assembly is used for carrying out form conversion on the magnetorheological fluid in the throttling hole. According to the invention, the buffer mechanism adopting the magnetic control assembly and the magnetorheological fluid to be matched is arranged on the pawl, so that the pawl and the locking gear are flexibly combined and separated, the locking and the rapid abrasion caused by mechanical rigid combination are avoided, the P gear is ensured to be easily engaged and cancelled, and the mechanical knocking noise is avoided when the P gear is engaged.

Description

Parking device and car

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a parking device and an automobile.

Background

As is known, vehicle sliding easily causes safety accidents, seriously threatens the safety of people and vehicles, and in order to prevent the abnormal vehicle sliding, a parking mechanism and a related electric control system thereof are usually arranged, so that the safety of people and vehicles is ensured as much as possible.

The hand brake is a parking mode of the traditional vehicle, and the principle of the hand brake is that a rear wheel brake piece is pulled through a steel wire, so that the rear wheel is locked to achieve the purpose of braking and parking. The mode has many defects, for example, the steel wire can generate certain tensile plastic deformation when being used for a long time, so that the braking force is reduced, the hand brake can only generate the braking force for the rear wheel during parking, the parking requirements of various road conditions cannot be met, and the hand brake has poor aesthetic property and is not high-grade.

In order to replace the traditional hand brake, P-gear parking (also called automatic parking) is produced, the working principle of the automatic parking brake is that a pawl is buckled with a locking gear under the driving of a motor, and the locking gear is connected to an output shaft of a gearbox, so that the aim of braking and parking is fulfilled.

Among the prior art, the P that uses at present keeps off parking system, its pawl easily blocks, leads to P shelves not to put into or can't put into other gears, in addition after using certain mileage, the pawl is serious with the lock gear wearing and tearing, leads to putting into P shelves and has very big knocking noise.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the above, the invention aims to provide a parking device and an automobile, so as to solve the technical problem that a pawl of a P-gear parking system is easy to be blocked in the prior art.

A parking device comprises a locking gear, a pawl matched with the locking gear to realize parking, a driver driving the pawl to swing, and a buffer mechanism arranged on the pawl, the pawl comprises a connecting part connected with the driver and an engaging part engaged with the locking gear, the buffer mechanism is connected between the connecting part and the meshing part and comprises a valve body, magnetorheological fluid arranged in a cavity of the valve body, a piston in sealing sliding connection with the cavity of the valve body, a valve rod with one end connected with the piston and the other end extending out of the valve body and connected with the meshing part, and a magnetic control assembly arranged on the piston, the piston is provided with a throttling hole for the magnetorheological fluid to circulate, and the magnetic control assembly is used for carrying out form conversion on the magnetorheological fluid in the throttling hole.

Furthermore, the magnetic control assembly comprises a permanent magnet and a coil, and the permanent magnet and the coil are oppositely arranged on two sides of the throttling hole.

Further, the direction of the magnetic field generated after the coil is electrified is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet.

Further, the magnetic field intensity generated after the coil is electrified is equal to the magnetic field intensity of the permanent magnet.

Furthermore, the valve rod is provided with a lead hole along the central axis thereof, and the lead of the coil is arranged in the lead hole in a penetrating manner.

Further, the permanent magnet, the coil and the throttle hole are all annular, and the coil is located on the inner side of the permanent magnet.

Further, the buffer mechanism further comprises a nitrogen pressure accumulator arranged in the valve body, and the nitrogen pressure accumulator and the valve rod are located on two opposite sides of the piston.

Further, the parking device further includes a sensor for sensing an engagement state of the lock gear and the pawl.

The invention further provides an automobile, which comprises a vehicle controller and the parking device, wherein the vehicle controller is electrically connected with the parking device.

Further, the automobile also comprises a vehicle state sensor, and the vehicle controller is electrically connected with the vehicle state sensor.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the buffer mechanism which adopts the magnetic control assembly and the magnetorheological fluid to be matched is arranged on the pawl, so that the pawl is flexibly combined with and separated from the locking gear, the locking and the rapid abrasion caused by mechanical rigid combination are avoided, the P gear is ensured to be easily engaged and cancelled, and the mechanical knocking noise is avoided when the P gear is engaged.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a parking apparatus in a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a buffering mechanism according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetron assembly according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a buffering mechanism according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the main element symbols:

locking gear	10	Pawl	20
				Driver	30	Buffer mechanism	40
Connecting part	21	Engaging part	22
				Valve body	41	Piston	42
Valve rod	43	Magnetic control assembly	44
				Magnetorheological fluid	45	Permanent magnet	441
Coil	442	Lead wire hole	431
				Inductor	50	Nitrogen accumulator	46
Throttle hole	421

The following detailed description will further illustrate the invention in conjunction with the above-described figures.

Detailed Description

To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are presented in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a parking device according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown, which includes a lock gear 10, a pawl 20 cooperating with the lock gear 10 to park, an actuator 30 for driving the pawl 20 to swing, and a buffer mechanism 40 disposed on the pawl 20, wherein:

the driver 30 is connected to one end of the pawl 20 to swing the pawl 20 around the one end, and specifically, the pawl 20 includes a connecting portion 21 connected to the driver 30 and an engaging portion 22 engaged with the lock gear 10, and the damper mechanism 40 is connected between the connecting portion 21 and the engaging portion 22. The driver 30 may be a direct drive motor (such as a brushless motor), or may also be in a motor + transmission structure, where the transmission structure may be a gear transmission, a belt transmission, a chain transmission, and so on, and in order to avoid direct impact on the motor, the driver 30 is preferably in a motor + transmission structure.

The buffer mechanism 40 includes a valve body 41, magnetorheological fluid 45 disposed in a cavity of the valve body 41, a piston 42 in sealed sliding contact with the cavity of the valve body 41, a valve rod 43 having one end fixedly connected to the piston 42 and the other end extending outside the valve body 41 and fixedly connected to the engaging portion 22, and a magnetron assembly 44 disposed on the piston 42, wherein one end of the valve body 41 remote from the engaging portion 22 is fixedly connected to the connecting portion 21, the piston 42 is provided with a throttling hole 421 for the magnetorheological fluid 45 to flow through, and the magnetron assembly 44 is used for performing form conversion on the magnetorheological fluid in the throttling hole 421, and the form conversion may specifically be conversion between a solid state and a liquid state.

Specifically, the magnetron assembly 44 includes a permanent magnet 441 and a coil 442, the permanent magnet 441 and the coil 442 are oppositely disposed on two sides of the orifice 421, and the magnetic field direction f1 generated after the coil 442 is energized is opposite to the magnetic field direction f2 of the permanent magnet 441 (as shown in fig. 3), the magnetic field strengths are weakened with each other, and the magnetic field strength generated after the coil 442 is energized is equal to the magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet 441, so that when the coil 442 is not energized, the magnetic field strength is maximum, the magnetorheological fluid in the orifice 421 is in a solid state, the magnetorheological fluid on two sides of the piston 42 cannot flow through, the piston 42 cannot move, and the engagement portion 22 is in a rigid state; similarly, under the condition that the coil 442 is energized, the magnetic field strength is 0, the magnetorheological fluid in the orifice 421 is in a liquid state, the magnetorheological fluid on the two sides of the piston 42 normally circulates, the piston 42 is movable, and the engaging portion 22 is in a telescopic state (a flexible state).

In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the permanent magnet 441, the coil 442 and the throttle hole 421 may be ring-shaped, and each of the number of the coil 442 is one, and the coil 442 is located inside the permanent magnet 441; or the throttle holes 421 may be arranged in a plurality of circumferential arrays, and one magnetron assembly 44 is disposed on each throttle hole 421; or the throttle hole 421 is a through hole with a larger aperture, and a magnetron assembly 44 is arranged on the throttle hole 421. In addition, the valve rod 43 has a lead hole 431 along its central axis, and the lead a of the coil 442 passes through the lead hole 431, and after passing through the valve body 41, passes out of the valve rod 43 and is connected to a power supply circuit (not shown), which may be an electric control circuit of an existing coil. In addition, the piston 42 is made of a flexible material, such as silicon rubber, etc., so that the piston 42 itself has sealing performance, and the valve body 41 is provided with a sealing member at a position through which the valve rod 43 passes to realize sealing, the sealing member does not affect the expansion and contraction of the valve body 41, and the sealing member may be an O-ring, a silicon rubber sleeve, etc., for example.

It should be noted that, as an alternative embodiment, the present embodiment only exemplifies a layout manner of the magnetron assemblies 44, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood that the number, shape and size, layout position, magnetic field strength, and other parameters of the magnetron assemblies 44 are not limited as long as the magnetorheological fluid in the orifice 421 can be subjected to solid-liquid form conversion. For example, in alternative embodiments of the present invention, the positions of the permanent magnet 441 and the coil 442 may be reversed.

Further, the parking apparatus further includes a sensor 50 for sensing the engagement state of the lock gear 10 and the pawl 20, and a controller (not shown) electrically connected to the sensor 50, the controller being electrically connected to the driver 30 and the coil 442, respectively. In this embodiment, the sensor 50 may be an angle sensor (e.g., a hall angle sensor), and the angle sensor may optionally sense the engagement state of the lock gear 10 and the pawl 20 by monitoring the rotation angle of the brushless motor and/or the pawl 20, which is the largest when the lock gear 10 and the pawl 20 are engaged. In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the sensor 50 may be a plurality of contact sensors, one contact sensor being provided in each tooth of the lock gear 10 so as to be sensed by contact when engaged; or the sensor 50 may be a distance sensor for sensing the engagement state by sensing the distance from the pawl 20 to the center of the lock gear 10; or the sensor 50 may be a pressure sensor provided on the engagement portion 22 to sense the engagement state by sensing a pressure change. In addition, the controller can be a micro CPU, a single chip microcomputer or an ECU.

Correspondingly, the operation process of the parking device in the embodiment is as follows: when the controller receives a parking signal, the actuator 30 is enabled to drive the pawl 20 to swing towards the locking gear 10, the coil 442 is enabled to be electrified, so that the engagement portion 22 is in a telescopic state, when the engagement portion 22 touches the locking gear 10 but is not yet engaged, the engagement portion 22 cannot be stuck and excessively abraded, after the engagement portion 22 is engaged with the locking gear 10, the inductor 50 senses that the actuator 30 is turned off, the coil 442 is powered off, and the pawl 20 is in a rigid state to be engaged with the locking gear 10, so that parking is achieved.

In summary, in the parking device according to the above embodiment of the present invention, the pawl 20 is provided with the buffer mechanism 40 that adopts the magnetic control assembly 44 and the magnetorheological fluid 45 to cooperate, so that the pawl 20 and the lock gear 10 are flexibly combined and separated, the locking and the rapid wear caused by the mechanical rigid combination are avoided, the P gear is ensured to be easily engaged and canceled, and the mechanical knocking noise generated when the P gear is engaged is avoided.

Referring to fig. 4, a schematic structural diagram of a parking device in a second embodiment of the present invention is shown, the parking device in this embodiment is substantially the same as the parking device in the first embodiment, except that:

the damper mechanism 40 further includes a nitrogen accumulator 46 disposed within the valve body 41, the nitrogen accumulator 46 and the valve rod 43 being located on opposite sides of the piston 42. The nitrogen accumulator 46 is used for realizing the telescopic buffering and resetting functions of the meshing part 22, when the meshing part 22 stretches under the resistance action in the meshing process, the piston 42 pushes the magnetorheological fluid 45 to form hydraulic pressure, the pressure energy of the liquid can be stored in the gas of the nitrogen accumulator 46, and when the hydraulic pressure is reduced, the pressure of the accumulator gas pushes the piston to release energy until the pressure is the same as the system pressure or the maximum stroke is reached.

It should be noted that the apparatus provided in the second embodiment of the present invention has the same implementation principle and produces some technical effects as the first embodiment, and for the sake of brief description, reference may be made to the corresponding contents in the first embodiment without reference to this embodiment.

The invention further provides an automobile, which comprises a vehicle controller, a parking device and a vehicle state sensor, wherein the parking device and the vehicle state sensor are electrically connected with the vehicle controller, the parking device is the parking device in the first embodiment or the second embodiment, the vehicle controller is used for judging whether the current P-gear parking condition is met or not according to the vehicle state information collected by the vehicle state sensor, and if the current P-gear parking condition is met, a pawl of the parking device is meshed with a locking gear to realize parking; if not, the pawl is separated from the lock gear.

The vehicle controller may be shared with a controller of the parking device, such as both the ECU, or may be two independent control devices communicating with each other. In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the vehicle state sensor may be one or more of a gear position sensor, a foot brake pedal position sensor, an infrared human body sensor, a hall angle sensor, a speed sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a power management module, and the like, and these sensors may communicate with the vehicle controller through a CAN bus. Correspondingly, the parking control process may be: the speed sensor detects the rotating speed of an output shaft of the transmission, if the rotating speed value is within a set safety range, the power management module detects whether the automobile is flamed out or not, if the automobile is flamed out, the gear position sensor judges whether the P gear is executed or not, if the P gear is not executed, the infrared human body sensor detects whether a driver is in the automobile or not, and if the driver is not executed, the P gear parking condition is judged to be met, and automatic parking is achieved.

In summary, in the automobile according to the above embodiment of the present invention, the buffer mechanism that employs the magnetic control assembly and the magnetorheological fluid to cooperate with each other is disposed on the pawl, so that the pawl and the lock gear are flexibly combined and separated, the locking and the rapid wear caused by the mechanical rigid combination are avoided, the P-gear is ensured to be easily engaged and cancelled, and the mechanical knocking noise generated when the P-gear is engaged is avoided.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A parking device comprises a locking gear and a pawl matched with the locking gear to realize parking, it is characterized by also comprising a driver for driving the pawl to swing and a buffer mechanism arranged on the pawl, the pawl comprises a connecting part connected with the driver and an engaging part engaged with the locking gear, the buffer mechanism is connected between the connecting part and the meshing part and comprises a valve body, magnetorheological fluid arranged in a cavity of the valve body, a piston in sealing sliding connection with the cavity of the valve body, a valve rod with one end connected with the piston and the other end extending out of the valve body and connected with the meshing part, and a magnetic control assembly arranged on the piston, the piston is provided with a throttling hole for the magnetorheological fluid to flow through, and the magnetic control assembly is used for carrying out form conversion on the magnetorheological fluid in the throttling hole; the magnetic control assembly comprises a permanent magnet and a coil, and the permanent magnet and the coil are oppositely arranged on two sides of the throttling hole; the direction of a magnetic field generated after the coil is electrified is opposite to that of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet; the magnetic field intensity generated after the coil is electrified is equal to the magnetic field intensity of the permanent magnet.

2. The parking device of claim 1, wherein the valve stem is perforated with a lead hole along a central axis thereof, and a lead of the coil is inserted into the lead hole.

3. The parking device according to claim 2, wherein the permanent magnet, the coil, and the throttle hole are each annular, and the coil is located inside the permanent magnet.

4. The parking device of claim 1, wherein the damping mechanism further comprises a nitrogen accumulator disposed within the valve body, the nitrogen accumulator and the valve stem being located on opposite sides of the piston.

5. The parking device according to claim 1, further comprising a sensor for sensing an engagement state of the lock gear and the pawl.

6. An automobile, comprising a vehicle controller and the parking device of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the vehicle controller is electrically connected to the parking device.

7. The automobile of claim 6, further comprising a vehicle condition sensor, wherein the vehicle controller is electrically connected to the vehicle condition sensor.