CN110454491B - Forming method of carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft with spline - Google Patents
Forming method of carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft with spline Download PDFInfo
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- CN110454491B CN110454491B CN201910854895.8A CN201910854895A CN110454491B CN 110454491 B CN110454491 B CN 110454491B CN 201910854895 A CN201910854895 A CN 201910854895A CN 110454491 B CN110454491 B CN 110454491B
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- carbon fiber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
- F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Abstract
A carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft with spline and its forming method, by the multiple carbon fiber cloth lays sequentially along the thickness direction of the sidewall of the transmission shaft, the length of the multiple carbon fiber cloth is equal to the length of the transmission shaft, all pack epoxy resin between two adjacent carbon fiber cloths; the carbon fiber cloth on the surfaces of the inner wall and the outer wall of the transmission shaft is carbon fiber twill cloth, the carbon fiber cloth between the inner wall and the outer wall of the transmission shaft is carbon fiber unidirectional cloth, and the cloth grain directions of the carbon fiber unidirectional cloth which are sequentially adjacent in the thickness direction are different; carbon fiber reinforcing strips are filled in the parts of the plurality of carbon fiber unidirectional cloths, which are parallel to the bottom end surfaces of the key groove grooves of the spline or the outer end surfaces of the key protrusions, and are arranged in parallel to the corresponding spline end surfaces, and are perpendicular to the length direction of the transmission shaft. The invention can directly heat and shape through the mould, and can improve the transmission performance of the carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hollow transmission shafts, in particular to a forming method of a carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft with a spline.
Background
The transmission shaft can receive very big moment of torsion in the course of working, in order to transmit moment of torsion common key and keyway complex structure, wherein spline fit structure is a kind that transmission performance is better, especially to the hollow shaft that all need carry out the transmission in the inside and outside, set up the spline respectively in the inside and outside and be a common transmission form. The hollow transmission shaft is easy to generate resonance in the operation process, and the resonance can lead mechanical parts to be loosened or to be subjected to fatigue damage, generate noise and influence the operation precision of the machine; the carbon fiber pipe has good shock resistance, is not easy to generate resonance, has high rotating speed and has the density of only 1.5 g/cm 3 The tensile strength is more than 3000MPa, the safety is ensured while the weight is reduced, and the expansion coefficient is low and the environment is adaptedStrong performance, etc., so that the hollow transmission shaft made of carbon fiber has appeared in the prior art.
The common carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft in the prior art is generally characterized in that transition connecting pieces are connected at two ends of the shaft firstly, and then the transition connecting pieces are connected with parts needing to rotate in a matched mode for transmission, and the common carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft mainly comprises the following connection modes: shaft seals are inserted into two ends of the carbon fiber tube, then pins are inserted in the circumferential direction to limit the relative rotation of the carbon fiber tube in the rotation direction, and when the carbon fiber tube works, the pins bear certain torsion and simultaneously the local stress of the pin shaft penetrating position of the carbon fiber tube is larger; the manufacturing method comprises the steps of winding and wrapping a metal connector with a flange between layers and arranging the metal connector at two ends of a carbon fiber shaft, and connecting other parts through flanges; the carbon fiber shaft and the metal parts at the two ends are respectively provided with a key-imitating bulge and a groove structure, and are in transitional connection similar to a horizontal crossing pattern of fingers of two hands; the metal pieces at two ends of the carbon fiber tube are inserted into the carbon fiber tube, resin adhesive is coated on the contact surface, the carbon fiber tube is fixed in a bonding mode, a positioning ring with a groove is sleeved on the outer circle, and finally the carbon fiber tube is fixed through a pin shaft. Through the carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft driven by the modes, the conditions of bonding looseness or expansion of a pin shaft hole caused by long-time stress and the like are easy to occur in the working process, the connection between the hollow transmission shaft and a transmission part is loosened, meanwhile, the carbon fiber wires can be cut off by the pins or screw holes, isotropy of the carbon fibers along the carbon fiber direction is damaged, mechanical properties such as torsional strength and the like of the carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft are reduced, and the use requirement is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the existing carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft is difficult to meet the use requirement, the invention provides a forming method of the carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft with the spline.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the forming method of the carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft with the spline comprises the steps that the carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft with the spline is formed by sequentially paving a plurality of carbon fiber cloth along the thickness direction of the side wall of the transmission shaft, the lengths of the carbon fiber cloth are equal to the length of the transmission shaft, and epoxy resin for curing and bonding is filled between two adjacent carbon fiber cloth; the carbon fiber cloth on the surfaces of the inner wall and the outer wall of the transmission shaft is carbon fiber twill cloth, the carbon fiber cloth between the inner wall and the outer wall of the transmission shaft is carbon fiber unidirectional cloth, and the cloth grain directions of the carbon fiber unidirectional cloth which are sequentially adjacent in the thickness direction are different; carbon fiber reinforcement strips are filled in the parts of the plurality of carbon fiber unidirectional cloths, which are parallel to the bottom end surfaces of the key groove grooves of the spline or the outer end surfaces of the key protrusions, and are arranged in parallel to the corresponding spline end surfaces, and are perpendicular to the length direction of the transmission shaft, and the plurality of carbon fiber reinforcement strips filled in the parts of the same carbon fiber unidirectional cloth, which are parallel to the same spline end surfaces, are uniformly arranged at intervals along the length direction of the transmission shaft;
the forming method comprises the following steps: preparing a core mold matched with an inner hole of a transmission shaft in advance, wherein the core mold is a core shaft with the length not smaller than that of the transmission shaft, preparing an outer mold matched with the outer wall of the transmission shaft in advance, and connecting a plurality of arc-shaped outer templates in sequence along the circumferential direction to form a split cylindrical structure; firstly laying a layer of carbon fiber twill cloth on a mandrel, then laying a plurality of layers of carbon fiber unidirectional cloth, ensuring that the shape of the outermost carbon fiber unidirectional cloth corresponds to the shape of the outer surface of a transmission shaft, penetrating carbon fiber reinforcing strips into parts parallel to the bottom end face of a key groove of a spline or the end face of the convex outer side of the key in a plurality of pieces of carbon fiber unidirectional cloth, laying another layer of carbon fiber twill cloth on the outermost carbon fiber unidirectional cloth, filling epoxy resin between adjacent carbon fiber cloths, then pressing a plurality of arc-shaped outer templates onto the outermost carbon fiber twill cloth, winding and tightening the outer surfaces of the arc-shaped outer templates by adopting a winding belt with heat shrinkage, enabling the arc-shaped outer templates to be sequentially connected into a cylindrical structure whole body in the circumferential direction, enabling the outer templates to tightly press all the carbon fiber cloth to the mandrel, then placing the outer templates and the whole body into an oven for heating, enabling the epoxy resin to be heated and solidified, cooling the whole body of the outer templates to room temperature, removing the winding belt and removing the arc-shaped outer templates, and pulling the carbon fiber with the inner holes of the transmission shaft from the hollow spline through a die.
Preferably, the arc lengths of the plurality of arc-shaped outer templates along the circumferential direction are equal.
Preferably, the wrapping tape is a heat-shrinkable PE film wrapping tape.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft with the spline provided by the invention has the advantages that the spline structure on the transmission shaft is directly paved by using a plurality of carbon fiber cloths, the weight of the transmission shaft can be greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the vibration in the transmission process can be effectively reduced by virtue of the advantages of high modulus, small expansion coefficient and good vibration resistance of the carbon fibers. Because spline structure direct shaping, so just can be directly through spline fit in the transmission process, and need not to bond at the axle both ends or through pin fixed transition piece, just can avoid producing the condition that bonds looseness or local atress warp owing to above-mentioned current structure that has transition piece to also can not harm carbon fiber, guarantee the effective transmission of carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft, promoted the torsional strength etc. mechanical properties of carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft in the transmission process.
According to the invention, the carbon fiber cloth on the surfaces of the inner wall and the outer wall of the transmission shaft is carbon fiber twill cloth, the carbon fiber twill cloth can bear forces in multiple directions, the carbon fiber twill cloth covers the surface of the hollow transmission shaft and is in direct contact with a part to be transmitted, so that the surface strength of the hollow transmission shaft can be improved, the strength and the wear resistance of a spline structure when the spline structure is in contact with the part to be transmitted can be improved, and the transmission efficiency and the service life of the hollow transmission shaft are more beneficial; the carbon fiber cloth positioned between the inner wall and the outer wall of the transmission shaft is carbon fiber unidirectional cloth, and the cloth grain directions of the adjacent carbon fiber unidirectional cloth are different, so that the resonance of the hollow transmission shaft can be reduced, the stability of the transmission process is improved, the influence of resonance on the service life of the hollow transmission shaft is avoided, and the transmission noise generated due to resonance can be reduced.
According to the invention, the carbon fiber reinforcement strips are filled in the carbon fiber unidirectional cloth, the carbon fiber reinforcement strips are perpendicular to the length direction of the transmission shaft, namely, the length direction of the carbon fiber reinforcement strips is opposite to the tangential force direction born by the key groove during transmission, and the plurality of carbon fiber reinforcement strips are uniformly filled at intervals along the length direction of the transmission shaft, so that the strength of the integral spline structure along the tangential direction can be improved, the torque which can be transmitted by the hollow transmission shaft is improved, the key groove and the key convex side wall of the spline can bear larger force, and the reliability, the transmission capacity and the service life of the hollow transmission shaft are enhanced. The forming method is simple to operate, the heat shrinkage of the winding belt is utilized, a circle of arc-shaped outer templates can be ensured to be simultaneously tightened in the heating process of the winding belt, multiple layers of carbon fiber cloth can be tightly attached, the size of the formed carbon fiber hollow shaft and the bonding strength between the carbon fiber cloth can be ensured, and the forming method is suitable for hollow shafts with different spline structures.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the molding of a hollow drive shaft of the present invention having a spline structure by means of a mold;
fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of the molding of a hollow drive shaft of the present invention having an alternative spline configuration by means of a mold.
The marks in the figure: 1. carbon fiber twill cloth, 2, carbon fiber unidirectional cloth, 3, carbon fiber reinforced strips, 4, a core mold, 5 and an arc-shaped outer template.
Detailed Description
Referring to the drawings, the specific embodiments are as follows:
the carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft with the spline is formed by sequentially paving a plurality of carbon fiber cloth along the thickness direction of the side wall of the transmission shaft, wherein the lengths of the carbon fiber cloth are equal to the length of the transmission shaft, and epoxy resin for curing and bonding is filled between two adjacent carbon fiber cloth; the carbon fiber cloth on the surfaces of the inner wall and the outer wall of the transmission shaft is carbon fiber twill cloth 1, the carbon fiber cloth between the inner wall and the outer wall of the transmission shaft is carbon fiber unidirectional cloth 2, and the cloth grain directions of the carbon fiber unidirectional cloth 2 which are sequentially adjacent in the thickness direction are sequentially rotated by 15-45 degrees in the same clockwise direction; carbon fiber prepreg cloth can be used for both the carbon fiber twill cloth 1 and the carbon fiber unidirectional cloth 2.
Carbon fiber reinforcing strips 3 are filled in the parts of the plurality of carbon fiber unidirectional cloths 2 parallel to the bottom end surfaces of the key groove grooves or the outer end surfaces of the key protrusions, the carbon fiber reinforcing strips 3 are arranged in parallel to the corresponding spline end surfaces, the carbon fiber reinforcing strips 3 are perpendicular to the length direction of the transmission shaft, and the plurality of carbon fiber reinforcing strips 3 filled in the parts of the same carbon fiber unidirectional cloth 2 parallel to the same spline end surfaces are uniformly arranged at intervals along the length direction of the transmission shaft so as to enhance the strength of the key grooves and the key protrusions, and improve the transmission performance.
A shaping method of a carbon fiber hollow drive shaft with spline, prepare the mandrel 4 matched with inner hole of the drive shaft in advance, mandrel 4 is a mandrel with length not smaller than drive shaft, and prepare the external mold matched with outer wall of the drive shaft in advance, the external mold is a split type tubular structure formed by connecting a plurality of arc-shaped external templates 5 sequentially along the circumference, the arc lengths of a plurality of arc-shaped external templates 5 along the circumference are all equal.
Firstly, paving a layer of carbon fiber twill cloth 1 on a core mold 4, then paving a plurality of layers of carbon fiber unidirectional cloth 2, ensuring that the shape of the outermost carbon fiber unidirectional cloth 2 corresponds to the shape of the outer surface of a transmission shaft, penetrating carbon fiber reinforced strips 3 into parts of the plurality of carbon fiber unidirectional cloth 2 parallel to the bottom end surface of a key groove of a spline or the outer side end surface of a key protrusion, paving another layer of carbon fiber twill cloth 1 on the outermost carbon fiber unidirectional cloth 2, and filling epoxy resin between the adjacent carbon fiber cloths.
Then a plurality of arc-shaped outer templates 5 are pressed on the carbon fiber twill cloth 1 on the outermost layer, a thermal shrinkage PE film winding belt is adopted to wind and tighten the outer surfaces of the arc-shaped outer templates 5, so that the arc-shaped outer templates 5 are sequentially connected into a cylindrical structure whole of an outer mold along the circumferential direction, the outer mold tightly presses all the carbon fiber cloth to the core mold 4, then the outer mold and the core mold 4 are integrally put into an oven for heating, epoxy resin is heated and solidified, and adjacent carbon fiber cloth is bonded and formed, and in the heating process, the outer surfaces of the arc-shaped outer templates 5 are tightly wound by the winding belt due to the thermal shrinkage characteristic of the thermal shrinkage PE film winding belt, so that the multi-layer carbon fiber cloth can be tightly attached to each other in the heating process; and after heating, the outer die and the core die 4 are integrally cooled to room temperature, the winding belt is removed, the arc-shaped outer die plate 5 is removed, and the core die 4 is pulled out of the inner hole of the transmission shaft through a die pulling machine, so that the carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft with the spline is obtained.
Claims (3)
1. The forming method of the carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft with the spline comprises the steps that the carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft with the spline is formed by sequentially paving a plurality of carbon fiber cloth along the thickness direction of the side wall of the transmission shaft, the lengths of the carbon fiber cloth are equal to the length of the transmission shaft, and epoxy resin for curing and bonding is filled between two adjacent carbon fiber cloth; the carbon fiber cloth positioned on the surfaces of the inner wall and the outer wall of the transmission shaft is carbon fiber twill cloth (1), the carbon fiber cloth positioned between the inner wall and the outer wall of the transmission shaft is carbon fiber unidirectional cloth (2), and the cloth grain directions of the carbon fiber unidirectional cloth (2) which are sequentially adjacent in the thickness direction are different; carbon fiber reinforcement strips (3) are filled in parts of the plurality of carbon fiber unidirectional cloths (2) parallel to the bottom end surfaces of key groove grooves or the outer end surfaces of key protrusions, the carbon fiber reinforcement strips (3) are arranged in parallel to the corresponding spline end surfaces, the carbon fiber reinforcement strips (3) are perpendicular to the length direction of a transmission shaft, and the plurality of carbon fiber reinforcement strips (3) filled in the parts of the same carbon fiber unidirectional cloth (2) parallel to the same spline end surfaces are uniformly arranged at intervals along the length direction of the transmission shaft;
the molding method is characterized in that: preparing a core mold (4) matched with an inner hole of a transmission shaft in advance, wherein the core mold (4) is a core shaft with the length not smaller than that of the transmission shaft, preparing an outer mold matched with the outer wall of the transmission shaft in advance, and the outer mold is of a split type tubular structure formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of arc-shaped outer templates (5) along the circumferential direction; firstly, paving a layer of carbon fiber twill cloth (1) on a core mold (4), then paving a plurality of layers of carbon fiber unidirectional cloth (2), ensuring that the shape of the outermost carbon fiber unidirectional cloth (2) corresponds to the shape of the outer surface of a transmission shaft, penetrating carbon fiber reinforced strips (3) into parts of the plurality of carbon fiber unidirectional cloth (2) parallel to the bottom end face of a key slot or the end face of the convex outer side of the key, paving another layer of carbon fiber twill cloth (1) on the outermost carbon fiber unidirectional cloth (2), filling epoxy resin between adjacent carbon fiber cloths, then pressing a plurality of arc-shaped outer templates (5) onto the outermost carbon fiber twill cloth (1), winding and tightening the outer surfaces of the plurality of arc-shaped outer templates (5) by adopting a winding belt with thermal shrinkage, enabling the plurality of arc-shaped outer templates (5) to be connected into a cylindrical structure whole of an outer mold in sequence along the circumferential direction, enabling the outer mold to tightly press all the carbon fiber cloth to the outer mold (4), then heating the whole outer mold and the core mold (4) into an oven, bonding the epoxy resin and bonding the adjacent carbon fiber twill cloth, namely removing the carbon fiber from the inner hole of the transmission shaft (4) from the hollow core mold (4), and removing the hollow fiber ribbon from the hollow transmission shaft (4), and cooling the hollow fiber ribbon after the hollow fiber ribbon cooling transmission shaft (4).
2. The method for forming a carbon fiber hollow drive shaft with splines according to claim 1, wherein: the arc lengths of the arc-shaped outer templates (5) along the circumferential direction are equal.
3. The method for forming a carbon fiber hollow drive shaft with splines according to claim 1, wherein: the winding belt is a heat-shrinkable PE film winding belt.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910854895.8A CN110454491B (en) | 2019-09-10 | 2019-09-10 | Forming method of carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft with spline |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910854895.8A CN110454491B (en) | 2019-09-10 | 2019-09-10 | Forming method of carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft with spline |
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| CN110454491A CN110454491A (en) | 2019-11-15 |
| CN110454491B true CN110454491B (en) | 2023-06-16 |
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| CN201910854895.8A Active CN110454491B (en) | 2019-09-10 | 2019-09-10 | Forming method of carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft with spline |
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| CN112157867A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2021-01-01 | 浙江理工大学 | Transverse stabilizer bar with actively variable rigidity and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001099130A (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2001-04-10 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Load transmitting shaft made of fiber reinforced plastic |
| CN102815210A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2012-12-12 | 同济大学 | Composite-material automobile transmission shaft formed by pulling, squeezing and winding and preparation method thereof |
| CN103413541A (en) * | 2013-08-31 | 2013-11-27 | 连云港神鹰碳纤维自行车有限责任公司 | Method of making guitar with carbon fiber reinforced composite materials |
| GB201609908D0 (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-07-20 | Orthotic Composites Ltd | Orthosis |
| CN106827583A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-06-13 | 上海航秦新材料有限责任公司 | A kind of composite material transmission shaft and its manufacture method |
| CN210509926U (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-05-12 | 洛阳北玻台信风机技术有限责任公司 | Carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft with spline |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030114231A1 (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2003-06-19 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Integrally stiffened composite drive shaft |
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2019
- 2019-09-10 CN CN201910854895.8A patent/CN110454491B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001099130A (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2001-04-10 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Load transmitting shaft made of fiber reinforced plastic |
| CN102815210A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2012-12-12 | 同济大学 | Composite-material automobile transmission shaft formed by pulling, squeezing and winding and preparation method thereof |
| CN103413541A (en) * | 2013-08-31 | 2013-11-27 | 连云港神鹰碳纤维自行车有限责任公司 | Method of making guitar with carbon fiber reinforced composite materials |
| GB201609908D0 (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-07-20 | Orthotic Composites Ltd | Orthosis |
| CN106827583A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-06-13 | 上海航秦新材料有限责任公司 | A kind of composite material transmission shaft and its manufacture method |
| CN210509926U (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-05-12 | 洛阳北玻台信风机技术有限责任公司 | Carbon fiber hollow transmission shaft with spline |
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