CN110454312B - Online monitoring test method for water thrust of large mixed-flow hydraulic generator - Google Patents
Online monitoring test method for water thrust of large mixed-flow hydraulic generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN110454312B CN110454312B CN201910737853.6A CN201910737853A CN110454312B CN 110454312 B CN110454312 B CN 110454312B CN 201910737853 A CN201910737853 A CN 201910737853A CN 110454312 B CN110454312 B CN 110454312B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
- F03B11/008—Measuring or testing arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
- G01L5/0038—Force sensors associated with force applying means applying a pushing force
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an online monitoring test method for water thrust of a large mixed-flow hydraulic generator. The water thrust test method is convenient and effective, can directly obtain the water thrust and thrust load data and a trend curve, can take flood season precaution after analyzing the relation between the water thrust and the machine-passing sediment, and can provide a powerful data basis for the replacement of the capacity-increasing transformation bearing part of the hydraulic generator, thereby providing a reliable test method and a test technical means for the safe operation and the capacity-increasing transformation of the hydraulic generator, and having good application prospect.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to an online monitoring test method for the water thrust of a large mixed-flow hydraulic generator.
Background art:
the yellow river is a river with the largest silt content in the world, the silt content of the power generation machine in the hydropower station in the flood season along the river is very high, the safety operation of a unit of a power station in the shore is greatly damaged, and except for the river basin, hydropower stations in Yunnan and regions with poor water quality face the same problems. The rotational speed of hydraulic turbine is higher, and it is many to cross quick-witted silt, can cause the runner wearing and tearing serious, along with runner leak-stopping sealing device's wearing and tearing, the clearance increase, the water leakage increase and make the unit exert oneself and descend, efficiency reduction. Meanwhile, the water pressure of the top cover of the rotating wheel and the water pressure of the leakage stopping ring are correspondingly increased, so that the additional axial water thrust of the rotating wheel is increased, and the safe operation of the thrust bearing of the generator is seriously threatened. The bearing device of the generator bears the radial load and the axial load of the rotating part of the whole hydroelectric generating set, the increase of the axial water thrust means the increase of the axial load of the thrust bearing, and after the allowable value is exceeded, the probability of tile burning can be greatly increased, so that the bearing is damaged. In addition, when the mixed-flow water generator is subjected to capacity-increasing transformation, the influence on the thrust bearing under each working condition can be determined through a water thrust test, and powerful technical data are provided for judging whether the large shaft is updated or not when the mixed-flow water generator is transformed.
Liu jia gorge wash one's face estuary sediment ejection hole and expand quick-witted engineering are at sediment ejection hole sediment ejection end, and the large amount of silt (about 300 meters in length) of settling a lot of silt of pressure regulating well gate apart from power generation hole and sediment ejection hole branch pipe department, have in the unit start-up process that the machine sand content is too big, and can't confirm the machine sand content of crossing of this in-process unit, also can't accurately quantify great sand content to thrust bearing's influence. Under the condition, in order to guarantee the safe operation of the unit to the maximum extent, the relation among the output force, the sand content of the machine passing through, the water thrust and the like in the starting process of the unit is further researched, valuable experience and basis are provided for the subsequent safe and stable operation of the unit, the water thrust online monitoring test is very necessary, the relation among the output force, the sand content of the machine passing through, the water thrust and the like in the starting process of the unit and under different output force conditions is obtained according to the test result, the water thrust state early warning is carried out in the flood season, and the unit can be guaranteed to safely and stably operate in the flood season.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention provides an online monitoring test method for water thrust of a large mixed-flow hydraulic generator, and aims to solve the problem that a plurality of old units which are in service for decades at the present stage are not suitable for gradual retirement of the requirements of the current national construction and the national civil life, when the old units which are not suitable for re-operation are subjected to capacity expansion transformation, influences on a thrust bearing under each working condition can be determined through a water thrust test, powerful technical data are provided for whether the units update a large shaft, thrust load and water thrust data under each working condition are provided for the units with large silt passing through the machine or the units in the yellow river basin, and water thrust state early warning is carried out during flood season through the relations among output, sand content passing through the machine, water thrust and the like in the starting process of the units and under different output conditions, so that the units can safely and stably operate during flood season.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
1) determining sensor placement position: determining the position for placing a deformation sensor on the structure of a hydraulic generator body, selecting a lower rack with the most sensitive deformation, selecting four support arm placing measuring points which are symmetrically distributed relative to X, Y axes in overlooking on the lower rack, numbering the support arms, wherein each support arm is positioned under a thrust bearing central body, is 140-160 mm away from the lower edge of a support ring plate of the thrust bearing central body, and is a test area position for placing the deformation sensor in an area 200-250 mm away from the inner edge of the lower rack, and marking the area at two sides of each support arm;
2) and (3) roughly polishing a measuring point: carrying out primary polishing treatment on the position of the test area, and polishing off paint in the marked area on the lower rack by using a polishing tool to expose the metal surface;
3) polishing and fine grinding of measuring points: carrying out fine polishing treatment on the position of the test area, and finely grinding the test area by using 1000-mesh water sand paper until the surface roughness reaches 1.6 mu m;
4) cleaning a measuring point area: cleaning the polished test area, soaking white cloth in absolute alcohol for cleaning, repeatedly cleaning to remove oil stains, and soaking non-woven cloth in absolute alcohol for cleaning;
5) sensor positioning mark: respectively marking cross marks on the vertical position and the horizontal position of the edge of the test position, and positioning the installation position of the deformation sensor;
6) installing a sensor: installing a deformation sensor in an axial deformation direction, marking a vertical cross mark and a horizontal cross mark as reference during installation, enabling the deformation direction of the deformation sensor to be vertical to the ground, and then welding and fixing the deformation sensor on the surface of a processed test position by using a spot welding gun;
7) wire bonding and arrangement: welding the lead extension wires of the deformation sensor at each support arm side, applying epoxy materials on the deformation sensors for protection, then arranging wires according to the wiring design, fixing firmly along the way, finally leading each group of lead extension wires to be close to the deformation acquisition module, and then sequentially connecting the lead extension wires to the deformation acquisition module according to the sequence of the support arm numbers from small to large;
8) fixing the device: the deformation acquisition module is fixed on a wall body of a space where the outer side of the lower rack is located, the upper computer is located at a designated position of a power plant, and the deformation acquisition module is communicated with the upper computer through an industrial local area network;
9) zero point adjustment of the device: after the online monitoring device is installed, the deformation acquisition module finds a zero point, deformation data of the deformation sensor at the moment are respectively tested under the static state and the rotor jacking state of the unit, the deformation acquisition module is used as the zero point to perform zero resetting processing when the rotor is jacked, and the rotor is positioned after the zero resetting processing;
10) and (3) operation and analysis: after the unit operates, the deformation acquisition module uploads the acquired data to the upper computer, and the upper computer obtains the water thrust and the thrust load at the moment under the working condition through calculation and analysis.
The invention has the technical effects that:
1. the test method is convenient and fast, and the test result is visual and accurate.
In the 2016 black peak power station, a dial indicator is utilized to measure the deformation of a thrust bearing support rod, thrust load data is obtained in a manual calculation and analysis mode, water thrust data is calculated, the installation of a test instrument and the test process are complex, in addition, the test position of the test method is in the position of the support rod and a tray rigid support structure, test devices are difficult to fix, the safety is relatively low, and the test method has certain limitation, so the test method is not suitable for long-term online monitoring. The test method provided by the invention is relatively convenient and fast, the data transmission is reliable, the result analysis is visual, the water thrust and the thrust load at the moment under the working condition can be directly calculated and analyzed in the upper computer through the deformation reflected by the deformation sensor under different operating conditions of the lower rack of the hydraulic generator, the influence on the thrust bearing can be further displayed and analyzed, the early warning can be realized when the hydraulic generator is in a critical state, the trend prediction can be made, and the safe and reliable operation of the unit can be more favorably ensured.
2. The selection of the welding sensing device in the test method is more suitable for dynamic measurement.
The invention adopts the welding type deformation sensor, is easy to install on site, is particularly suitable for being used on a large-scale structure, can improve the fatigue life of dynamic application compared with a sticking type deformation sensor, and is suitable for being used in a long-term online monitoring test.
The invention provides a set of complete, practical and simple online monitoring and testing method for the water thrust for online monitoring and testing, can visually monitor the change of the thrust load and the water thrust, and can provide powerful quantitative data during flood season or unit capacity increasing transformation, thereby having good application prospect and providing reliable testing method and testing technical means for the safe operation of the hydraulic generator.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a view showing the arrangement of measuring points according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the test process of the present invention
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the on-line monitoring test method for the water thrust of the large mixed-flow hydraulic generator shown in the figures 1 and 2 is characterized in that:
1) determining sensor placement position: determining the position for placing the deformation sensor 1 on the body structure of the hydraulic generator, selecting a lower frame with the most sensitive deformation, selecting four support arm 5 placing measuring points which are symmetrically distributed relative to X, Y axes in overlooking on the lower frame, numbering each support arm 5, wherein each support arm 5 is positioned right below a thrust bearing central body and is 140-160 mm away from the lower edge of a support ring plate of the thrust bearing central body, and the area 200-250 mm away from the inner edge of the lower frame is a test area for placing the deformation sensor 1, and marking the area on both sides of each support arm 5;
2) and (3) roughly polishing a measuring point: carrying out primary polishing treatment on the position of the test area, and polishing off paint in the marked area on the lower rack by using a polishing tool to expose the metal surface;
3) polishing and fine grinding of measuring points: carrying out fine polishing treatment on the position of the test area, and finely polishing the test area by using 800-mesh or 1000-mesh water sand paper until the surface roughness reaches 1.6 mu m;
4) cleaning a measuring point area: cleaning the polished test area, soaking white cloth in absolute alcohol for cleaning, repeatedly cleaning to remove oil stains, and soaking non-woven cloth in absolute alcohol for cleaning;
5) sensor positioning mark: respectively marking cross marks on the vertical position and the horizontal position of the edge of the test position, and positioning the installation position of the deformation sensor 1;
6) installing a sensor: the method comprises the following steps of (1) installing a deformation sensor 1 in an axial deformation direction, marking a vertical cross mark and a horizontal cross mark as references during installation, enabling the deformation direction of the deformation sensor 1 to be vertical to the ground, and then welding and fixing the deformation sensor 1 on the surface of a processed test position by using a spot welding gun;
7) wire bonding and arrangement: welding lead extension lines 2 of the deformation sensors 1 on two sides of each support arm 5, applying epoxy materials on the deformation sensors 1 for protection, then arranging wires according to the wiring design, fixing firmly along the way, finally leading each group of lead extension lines 2 to the vicinity of the deformation acquisition module 3, and then sequentially connecting the lead extension lines 2 to the deformation acquisition module 3 according to the sequence of the numbers of the support arms 5 from small to large;
8) fixing the device: the deformation acquisition module 3 is fixed on a wall body of a space where the outer side of the lower rack is located, the upper computer 4 is located at a designated position of a power plant, and the deformation acquisition module 3 is communicated with the upper computer 4 through an industrial local area network;
9) zero point adjustment of the device: after the online monitoring device is installed, the deformation acquisition module 3 finds a zero point, respectively tests deformation data of the deformation sensor 1 at the moment when the unit is static and the rotor is jacked up, performs zero resetting processing on the deformation acquisition module 3 as the zero point when the rotor is jacked up, and after the zero resetting processing, the rotor is positioned;
10) and (3) operation and analysis: after the unit operates, the deformation acquisition module 3 uploads the acquired data to the upper computer 4, and the upper computer 4 calculates and analyzes to obtain the water thrust and the thrust load at the moment under the working condition.
In conclusion, the invention provides a complete and simple online monitoring test method and test means for the water thrust, the method can visually monitor the changes of the thrust load and the water thrust, and can provide powerful quantitative data during flood season or unit capacity increasing transformation, so that the method has a good application prospect and provides a reliable test method and test technical means for the safe operation of the hydraulic generator.
Claims (1)
1. A water thrust on-line monitoring test method for a large mixed-flow hydraulic generator is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) determining sensor placement position: determining the position for placing the deformation sensor (1) on the body structure of the hydraulic generator, selecting a lower rack with the most sensitive deformation, selecting four support arms (5) which are symmetrically distributed along the X, Y axis in overlooking relative coordinates on the lower rack, placing measuring points and numbering the support arms (5), wherein each support arm (5) is positioned right below a thrust bearing central body and is 140-160 mm away from the lower edge of a support ring plate of the thrust bearing central body, and the area 200-250 mm away from the inner edge of the lower rack is a test area for placing the deformation sensor (1), and marking the areas on both sides of each support arm (5);
2) and (3) roughly polishing a measuring point: carrying out primary polishing treatment on the position of the test area, and polishing off paint in the marked area on the lower rack by using a polishing tool to expose the metal surface;
3) polishing and fine grinding of measuring points: carrying out fine polishing treatment on the position of the test area, and finely grinding the test area by using 1000-mesh water sand paper until the surface roughness reaches 1.6 mu m;
4) cleaning a measuring point area: cleaning the polished test area, soaking white cloth in absolute alcohol for cleaning, repeatedly cleaning to remove oil stains, and soaking non-woven cloth in absolute alcohol for cleaning;
5) sensor positioning mark: respectively marking cross marks on the vertical position and the horizontal position of the edge of the test position, and positioning the installation position of the deformation sensor (1);
6) installing a sensor: the method comprises the following steps of (1) installing a deformation sensor (1) in an axial deformation direction, marking a vertical cross mark and a horizontal cross mark as reference during installation, enabling the deformation direction of the deformation sensor (1) to be vertical to the ground, and then welding and fixing the deformation sensor (1) on the surface of a processed test position by using a spot welding gun;
7) wire bonding and arrangement: welding lead extension lines (2) of the deformation sensors (1) on two sides of each support arm (5), applying epoxy materials on the deformation sensors (1) for protection, then arranging wires according to wiring design, fixing firmly along the way, finally leading each group of lead extension lines (2) to the vicinity of the deformation acquisition module (3), and then sequentially connecting the lead extension lines (2) to the deformation acquisition module (3) according to the sequence of the numbers of the support arms (5) from small to large;
8) fixing the device: the deformation acquisition module (3) is fixed on a wall body of a space where the outer side of the lower rack is located, the upper computer (4) is located at a designated position of a power plant, and the deformation acquisition module (3) is communicated with the upper computer (4) through an industrial local area network;
9) zero point adjustment of the device: after the online monitoring device is installed, a deformation acquisition module (3) finds a zero point, deformation data of a deformation sensor (1) at the moment are respectively tested in the states of a machine set being static and a rotor being jacked up, the deformation acquisition module (3) is reset to zero when the rotor is jacked up, and the rotor is positioned after the zero reset;
10) and (3) operation and analysis: after the unit operates, the deformation acquisition module (3) uploads acquired data to the upper computer (4), and the upper computer (4) calculates and analyzes to obtain the water thrust and the thrust load at the moment under the working condition.
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| CN201910737853.6A CN110454312B (en) | 2019-08-12 | 2019-08-12 | Online monitoring test method for water thrust of large mixed-flow hydraulic generator |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1589370A (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2005-03-02 | 艾劳埃斯·乌本 | Method for monitoring a sensor |
| KR20060116344A (en) * | 2005-05-09 | 2006-11-15 | 주식회사 삼안 | Generation control system of a tidal power station and method controlling thereof |
| WO2013054085A1 (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2013-04-18 | Moorfield Tidal Power Limited | Tidal stream generator |
| CN105678025A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-06-15 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司小湾水电厂 | Water-turbine running optimizing method and system based on dynamic stress test and stability test |
| CN106704080A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-05-24 | 北京中元瑞讯科技有限公司 | Hydroelectric generating set thrust block looseness fault diagnosis method based on online data |
| CN106762343A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 北京中元瑞讯科技有限公司 | The diagnostic method of the hydraulic generator set thrust bearing failure based on online data |
-
2019
- 2019-08-12 CN CN201910737853.6A patent/CN110454312B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1589370A (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2005-03-02 | 艾劳埃斯·乌本 | Method for monitoring a sensor |
| KR20060116344A (en) * | 2005-05-09 | 2006-11-15 | 주식회사 삼안 | Generation control system of a tidal power station and method controlling thereof |
| WO2013054085A1 (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2013-04-18 | Moorfield Tidal Power Limited | Tidal stream generator |
| CN105678025A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-06-15 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司小湾水电厂 | Water-turbine running optimizing method and system based on dynamic stress test and stability test |
| CN106762343A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 北京中元瑞讯科技有限公司 | The diagnostic method of the hydraulic generator set thrust bearing failure based on online data |
| CN106704080A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-05-24 | 北京中元瑞讯科技有限公司 | Hydroelectric generating set thrust block looseness fault diagnosis method based on online data |
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