CN110454237A - A kind of supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal structure - Google Patents

A kind of supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110454237A
CN110454237A CN201910804745.6A CN201910804745A CN110454237A CN 110454237 A CN110454237 A CN 110454237A CN 201910804745 A CN201910804745 A CN 201910804745A CN 110454237 A CN110454237 A CN 110454237A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
carbon ring
ring seal
seal component
axle sleeve
carbon
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Pending
Application number
CN201910804745.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
舒歌群
黄广岱
田华
石凌峰
马雷
王轩
张静
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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Priority to CN201910804745.6A priority Critical patent/CN110454237A/en
Publication of CN110454237A publication Critical patent/CN110454237A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/02Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal structures, and seal cavity, including axle sleeve and multiple carbon ring seal components are formed between the main shaft and nozzle ring seat and nozzle of supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander;The axle sleeve uses intermittent boss structure, multiple compartment grooves are formed between the inner wall and projective table type axle sleeve of the seal cavity, the different carbon ring seal component of multiple internal diameters is installed in compartment groove, is formed multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal structure by the carbon ring seal body of different inner diameters and is sealed.The present invention combines radial seal with axial seal, is processed as spaced-apart bosses formula for corresponding axle sleeve, it is therefore prevented that sealing gas is directly overflowed along smooth axle sleeve, can reduce quantity of gas leakage to realize effective dynamic sealing.

Description

A kind of supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal structure
Technical field
The present invention relates to turbo-expander carbon ring seal technology, in particular to a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander Multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal structure.
Background technique
Critical-cross carbon dioxide power cycle and carbon dioxide Brayton cycle are because of higher system effectiveness, clean and safe Working medium and good dynamic response obtained in the recycling field of nuclear energy, solar energy, underground heat, engine exhaust heat and industrial exhaust heat To extensive use.Turbo-expander seriously affects system as its performance of the core component of carbon dioxide power cycle heat to power output Efficiency leaks a principal element as influence efficiency of turbine particularly with the overcritical of the lesser small-power magnitude of flow CO2Turbo-expander influence is particularly acute.It can be using maturation for MW and hundred kW power magnitude turbo-expander dynamic sealings Dry gas seals scheme, but since the meticulous not applicable dry gas seals of kW rank shafting can only use mechanical seal.
The sealings such as traditional comb tooth or packing are not suitable for high-speed rotating machine, especially carbon dioxide turbo-expander This ultrahigh speed turbomachinery, carbon ring seal are floating-ring seal gas throttling formula non-contact seals, its sealing principle is by close Envelope gas forms air film between floating ring and axle sleeve, generates reducing pressure by regulating flow, and high side gas is prevented to flow to low-pressure side.Reach sealing Purpose.
For through-type carbon ring seal, because there is straight-through effect, quantity of gas leakage is larger, and part kinetic energy fails to be changed into heat Can, to influence production efficiency, and current most labyrinth carbon ring sealing structures are complicated, need to carry out structure to seal cavity Transformation, takes time and effort and sealing effect is bad.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming deficiency in the prior art, a kind of multiple groups carbocyclic ring component inner hole is provided by high and low Labyrinth type carbon ring seal, radial seal is combined with axial seal, is processed as spaced-apart bosses formula for corresponding axle sleeve, is prevented Sealing gas is directly overflowed along smooth axle sleeve, can reduce quantity of gas leakage to realize effective dynamic sealing.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal Structure forms seal cavity between the main shaft and nozzle ring seat and nozzle of supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander, comprising:
Axle sleeve, the axle sleeve are sheathed on the main shaft, and the sealing between the nozzle and the main shaft In cavity;The axle sleeve uses intermittent boss structure, and including First terrace and second step face;
First carbon ring seal component, the first carbon ring seal assembly set are set to outside the First terrace of the axle sleeve, institute The First terrace of the inner wall and the axle sleeve of stating the first carbon ring seal component cooperates, outside the first carbon ring seal component Wall surface and the inner wall of the seal cavity cooperate;
Second carbon ring seal component, the second carbon ring seal assembly set are set to outside the second step face of the axle sleeve, and It is arranged close to the first carbon ring seal component;The inner wall of the second carbon ring seal component and the second step of the axle sleeve Face cooperation, the outside wall surface of the second carbon ring seal component and the inner wall of the seal cavity cooperate;
Third carbon ring seal component, the third carbon ring seal assembly set are set on the main shaft, and close to the axle sleeve With the second carbon ring seal component arrangement on the second step face for being sheathed on the axle sleeve;The third carbon ring seal component Inner wall and the main shaft cooperate, the inner wall of the outside wall surface and the seal cavity of the third carbon ring seal component matches It closes;And
4th carbon ring seal component, the 4th carbon ring seal assembly set are set on the main shaft, and close to the nozzle The junction of ring seat and expanding machine body arrangement;The inner wall and the main shaft of the 4th carbon ring seal component cooperate, described The outside wall surface of 4th carbon ring seal component and the inner wall of the seal cavity cooperate.
Further, the inner wall of the seal cavity is hydraulically smooth surface.
Further, the axle sleeve is made of 1Cr13 stainless steel.
Further, the first carbon ring seal component, the second carbon ring seal component, third carbon ring seal component and The 4th carbon ring seal component is all made of carbon and is made.
Further, the axle sleeve is with the main axis;The first carbon ring seal component, second carbon ring seal Component, third carbon ring seal component and the 4th carbon ring seal component are remain stationary with the seal cavity.
Further, the first carbon ring seal component is positioned using the boss of the nozzle;Second carbocyclic ring Seal assembly, third carbon ring seal component and the 4th carbon ring seal component are determined using the internal diameter of the seal cavity Position.
Further, the outer diameter phase of the First terrace of the internal diameter and axle sleeve of the first carbon ring seal component Match, the gap width between the outer diameter of the First terrace of the internal diameter and axle sleeve of the first carbon ring seal component is 0.035mm~0.045mm;The outer diameter phase in the second step face of the internal diameter and axle sleeve of the second carbon ring seal component Match, the gap width between the outer diameter in the second step face of the internal diameter and axle sleeve of the second carbon ring seal component is 0.035mm~0.045mm;The internal diameter of the third carbon ring seal component and the 4th carbon ring seal component with the main shaft Outer diameter match, the outer diameter of the internal diameter of the third carbon ring seal component and the 4th carbon ring seal component and the main shaft Between gap width be 0.035mm~0.045mm.
Further, between the first carbon ring seal component and the second carbon ring seal component, second carbocyclic ring Between seal assembly and the third carbon ring seal component, the third carbon ring seal component and the 4th carbon ring seal component Between axial gap value be 0.05mm~0.1mm.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal knot of the present invention Structure, the sealing structure does not use smooth axle sleeve and using has interval boss axle sleeve, the different carbon ring seal of the internal orifice dimension Body is alternately arranged, and carbon ring seal external surface and seal cavity cooperate and inner surface and axle sleeve boss cooperatively form labyrinth seal knot Structure, such structure are not necessarily to carry out structure of modification groove for seal cavity, are avoided using boss axle sleeve and flowed out along boss surfaces The problem of, quantity of gas leakage is greatly reduced, structure is simply convenient for the installation and adjustment of close carbocyclic ring.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander schematic diagram according to the present invention;
A partial enlarged view in Fig. 2: Fig. 1 is (that is, supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander multistage carbocyclic ring of the present invention labyrinth Sealed structural schematic diagram);
Attached drawing mark: 1-main shaft;2-nozzle ring seats;3-nozzles;4-seal cavities;5-axle sleeves;6-the first carbocyclic ring Seal assembly;7-the second carbon ring seal component;8-third carbon ring seal components;9-the four carbon ring seal component;10-expansions Machine body;11-air inlet volutes;12-impellers;13-electrical-coil windings;14-bases.
Specific embodiment
In order to further understand the content, features and effects of the present invention, the following examples are hereby given, and cooperate attached drawing Detailed description are as follows:
Supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander structure according to the present invention is as shown in Fig. 1, including turbine portion and Motor part.The turbine portion includes air inlet volute 11, nozzle ring seat 2, nozzle 3 and impeller 12.The motor part includes Expanding machine body 10, electrical-coil winding 13, main shaft 1 and base 14.The side of the nozzle ring seat 2 and the air inlet volute 11 Connect and formed inlet chamber, the other side is connect with the expanding machine body 10;The nozzle 3 is bolted on the nozzle The side that ring seat 2 is connect with the air inlet volute 11;The impeller 12 and the axial arrangement of the nozzle 3, in the work of the nozzle 3 With lower rotation, also, the impeller 12 is fixed on the main shaft 1, drives the main shaft 1 to rotate, to drive electric power generation.
As shown in Fig. 2, forming seal cavity 4, this hair between the main shaft 1 and the nozzle ring seat 2 and the nozzle 3 Bright multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal structure is mounted in the seal cavity 4, and the inner wall of the seal cavity 4 is hydraulically smooth surface.This Invention multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal structure includes axle sleeve 5, the first carbon ring seal component 6, the second carbon ring seal component 7, third carbon Ring seal assembly 8 and the 4th carbon ring seal component 9 are staggered by multistage carbon ring seal component and form labyrinth seal structure.
In the seal cavity 4 between the nozzle 3 and the main shaft 1, the axle sleeve 5 is arranged the axle sleeve 5 In on the main shaft 1, and it is fixed on the main shaft 1 and is rotated together with the main shaft 1.The axle sleeve 5 uses intermittent boss Structure, and including First terrace and second step face.The axle sleeve 5 is made of 1Cr13 stainless steel.
The first carbon ring seal component 6 is sheathed on outside the First terrace of the axle sleeve 5.The first carbon ring seal group The inner wall of the cooperation of the First terrace of the inner wall of part 6 and the axle sleeve 5, outside wall surface and the seal cavity 4 cooperates, and And the outer diameter of the internal diameter and the First terrace of the axle sleeve 5 of the first carbon ring seal component 6 matches, between the two Gap width is 0.035mm~0.045mm.
The second carbon ring seal component 7 is sheathed on outside the second step face of the axle sleeve 5, and close to first carbocyclic ring Seal assembly 6 is arranged.The inner wall of the second carbon ring seal component 7 and the second step face cooperation of the axle sleeve 5, outside wall surface Cooperate with the inner wall of the seal cavity 4, also, the second of the internal diameter of the second carbon ring seal component 7 and the axle sleeve 5 The outer diameter of step surface matches, and gap width between the two is 0.035mm~0.045mm.
The third carbon ring seal component 8 is sheathed on the main shaft 1, and close to the axle sleeve 5 and is sheathed on the axis The second carbon ring seal component 7 arrangement on the second step face of set 5.The inner wall of the third carbon ring seal component 8 with The inner wall of the cooperation of main shaft 1, outside wall surface and the seal cavity 4 cooperates, also, the third carbon ring seal component 8 The outer diameter of internal diameter and the main shaft 1 matches, and gap width between the two is 0.035mm~0.045mm.
The 4th carbon ring seal component 9 is sheathed on the main shaft 1, and close to the nozzle ring seat 2 and the expansion The junction of machine body 10 is arranged.The inner wall of the 4th carbon ring seal component 9 and the main shaft 1 cooperation, outside wall surface and institute State the inner wall cooperation of seal cavity 4, also, the outer diameter phase of the internal diameter and the main shaft 1 of the 4th carbon ring seal component 9 Match, gap width between the two is 0.035mm~0.045mm.
Wherein, the first carbon ring seal component 6, the second carbon ring seal component 7,8 and of third carbon ring seal component The 4th carbon ring seal component 9 is all made of carbon and is made.The first carbon ring seal component 6, the second carbon ring seal group Part 7, third carbon ring seal component 8 and the 4th carbon ring seal component 9 are remain stationary with the seal cavity 4.Described Between carbocyclic ring seal assembly 6 and the second carbon ring seal component 7, the second carbon ring seal component 7 and the third carbon Axial gap value between ring seal assembly 8, between the third carbon ring seal component 8 and the 4th carbon ring seal component 9 For 0.05mm~0.1mm.
In addition, the first carbon ring seal component 6 is positioned using the boss of the nozzle 3, second carbocyclic ring is close Sealing assembly 7, third carbon ring seal component 8 and the 4th carbon ring seal component 9 are determined using the internal diameter of the seal cavity 4 Position guarantees suitable fit clearance between each carbon ring seal component, the labyrinth seal knot that multistage carbon ring seal component internal diameter is formed Structure avoids leakage rate caused by smooth axle sleeve 5, has preferable sealing effect, and structure is simply easy to disassemble.
In the present invention, seal cavity 4 is hydraulically smooth surface, and axle sleeve 5 is processed as spaced-apart bosses formula, 4 inner wall of seal cavity with Projective table type axle sleeve 5 forms multiple compartment grooves, and the different carbon ring seal component of multiple internal diameters is installed in compartment groove, leads to The carbon ring seal body for crossing different inner diameters forms multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal structure and is sealed;The internal diameter of multiple carbon ring seal components Of different sizes, the carbocyclic ring internal diameter of macropore carbon ring seal component is greater than the carbocyclic ring internal diameter of aperture carbon ring seal component, carbon ring seal group The outer surface of part and the inner surface of seal cavity 4 cooperate, and the internal diameter of carbon ring seal component and the boss groove of 5 outer surface of axle sleeve are matched It closes, the first carbon ring seal component 6 of the leftmost side is positioned by the boss of nozzle 3, and turbo-side was revealed by 3 gap of nozzle The High-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide come radially gap axially leakage decompression at the first carbon ring seal component 6, in the second carbocyclic ring Switch at seal assembly 7 first along axial gap leakage then axial leakage, in the second carbon ring seal component 7 and third carbon ring seal 8 interface of component switchs to radial leakage, then along the radial direction of third carbon ring seal component 8 and 9 internal diameter of the 4th carbon ring seal component Gap is axially revealed, and reduces amount of leakage by turning to reducing pressure by regulating flow several times.
Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described above in conjunction with attached drawing, the invention is not limited to upper The specific embodiment stated, the above mentioned embodiment is only schematical, be not it is restrictive, this field it is common Technical staff under the inspiration of the present invention, without breaking away from the scope protected by the purposes and claims of the present invention, may be used also By make it is many in the form of, within these are all belonged to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal structure, swollen in supercritical carbon dioxide turbine Seal cavity (4) are formed between the main shaft (1) and nozzle ring seat (2) and nozzle (3) of swollen machine characterized by comprising
Axle sleeve (5), the axle sleeve (5) are sheathed on the main shaft (1), and between the nozzle (3) and the main shaft (1) The seal cavity (4) in;The axle sleeve (5) uses intermittent boss structure, and including First terrace and second step Face;
First carbon ring seal component (6), the first carbon ring seal component (6) are sheathed on the First terrace of the axle sleeve (5) Outside, the inner wall of the first carbon ring seal component (6) and the First terrace of the axle sleeve (5) cooperate, first carbocyclic ring The outside wall surface of seal assembly (6) and the inner wall of the seal cavity (4) cooperate;
Second carbon ring seal component (7), the second carbon ring seal component (7) are sheathed on the second step face of the axle sleeve (5) Outside, and close to the first carbon ring seal component (6) it arranges;The inner wall and the axis of the second carbon ring seal component (7) Cover the second step face cooperation of (5), the outside wall surface of the second carbon ring seal component (7) and the inner wall of the seal cavity (4) Face cooperation;
Third carbon ring seal component (8), the third carbon ring seal component (8) are sheathed on the main shaft (1), and close to described Axle sleeve (5) and the second carbon ring seal component (7) being sheathed on the second step face of the axle sleeve (5) arrangement;Described The inner walls of three carbon ring seal components (8) and the main shaft (1) cooperate, the outside wall surface of the third carbon ring seal component (8) with The inner wall of the seal cavity (4) cooperates;And
4th carbon ring seal component (9), the 4th carbon ring seal component (9) are sheathed on the main shaft (1), and close to described The junction of nozzle ring seat (2) and expanding machine body (10) arrangement;The inner wall of the 4th carbon ring seal component (9) with it is described Main shaft (1) cooperation, the outside wall surface of the 4th carbon ring seal component (9) and the inner wall of the seal cavity (4) cooperate.
2. a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, the inner wall of the seal cavity (4) is hydraulically smooth surface.
3. a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, the axle sleeve (5) is made of 1Cr13 stainless steel.
4. a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, the first carbon ring seal component (6), the second carbon ring seal component (7), third carbon ring seal component (8) Carbon is all made of with the 4th carbon ring seal component (9) to be made.
5. a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, the axle sleeve (5) rotates with the main shaft (1);The first carbon ring seal component (6), second carbocyclic ring are close Sealing assembly (7), third carbon ring seal component (8) and the 4th carbon ring seal component (9) keep with the seal cavity (4) It is static.
6. a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, the first carbon ring seal component (6) is positioned using the boss of the nozzle (3);Second carbocyclic ring is close Sealing assembly (7), third carbon ring seal component (8) and the 4th carbon ring seal component (9) utilize the seal cavity (4) Internal diameter is positioned.
7. a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal structure according to claim 1, It being characterized in that, the outer diameter of the internal diameter and the First terrace of the axle sleeve (5) of the first carbon ring seal component (6) matches, Gap width between the outer diameter of the First terrace of the internal diameter and axle sleeve (5) of the first carbon ring seal component (6) is 0.035mm~0.045mm;The outer diameter in the second step face of the internal diameter and axle sleeve (5) of the second carbon ring seal component (7) Match, the gap between the outer diameter in the second step face of the internal diameter and axle sleeve (5) of the second carbon ring seal component (7) Value is 0.035mm~0.045mm;The internal diameter of the third carbon ring seal component (8) and the 4th carbon ring seal component (9) is equal Match with the outer diameter of the main shaft (1), the third carbon ring seal component (8) and the 4th carbon ring seal component (9) Gap width between internal diameter and the outer diameter of the main shaft (1) is 0.035mm~0.045mm.
8. a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal structure according to claim 1, Be characterized in that, between the first carbon ring seal component (6) and the second carbon ring seal component (7), second carbocyclic ring it is close Between sealing assembly (7) and the third carbon ring seal component (8), the third carbon ring seal component (8) and the 4th carbocyclic ring Axial gap value between seal assembly (9) is 0.05mm~0.1mm.
CN201910804745.6A 2019-08-28 2019-08-28 A kind of supercritical carbon dioxide turbo-expander multistage carbocyclic ring labyrinth seal structure Pending CN110454237A (en)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1488824A (en) * 1966-08-08 1967-07-13 Daimler Benz Ag Installation of the nozzle body for hook-shaped fuel injection nozzles on the combustion chamber of gas turbine reactors
US20060239816A1 (en) * 2005-04-21 2006-10-26 Pratt & Whitney Canada Integrated labyrinth and carbon seal
US20100148448A1 (en) * 2008-12-12 2010-06-17 Pradeep Pinto Pump seal
CN204628557U (en) * 2015-04-03 2015-09-09 四川日机密封件股份有限公司 For integrated type rotating ring and the mechanical seal device thereof of mechanical seal
CN106499821A (en) * 2015-09-07 2017-03-15 牛玉东 A kind of mechanical sealing device of silicon carbide
CN108590778A (en) * 2018-01-15 2018-09-28 重庆江增船舶重工有限公司 A kind of axial-flow type organic working medium turbo-expander
CN208397310U (en) * 2017-12-29 2019-01-18 湖北双剑鼓风机股份有限公司 A kind of air blower carbon ring sealing structure
CN210919164U (en) * 2019-08-28 2020-07-03 天津大学 Multi-section carbon ring labyrinth seal structure of supercritical carbon dioxide turboexpander

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1488824A (en) * 1966-08-08 1967-07-13 Daimler Benz Ag Installation of the nozzle body for hook-shaped fuel injection nozzles on the combustion chamber of gas turbine reactors
US20060239816A1 (en) * 2005-04-21 2006-10-26 Pratt & Whitney Canada Integrated labyrinth and carbon seal
US20100148448A1 (en) * 2008-12-12 2010-06-17 Pradeep Pinto Pump seal
CN204628557U (en) * 2015-04-03 2015-09-09 四川日机密封件股份有限公司 For integrated type rotating ring and the mechanical seal device thereof of mechanical seal
CN106499821A (en) * 2015-09-07 2017-03-15 牛玉东 A kind of mechanical sealing device of silicon carbide
CN208397310U (en) * 2017-12-29 2019-01-18 湖北双剑鼓风机股份有限公司 A kind of air blower carbon ring sealing structure
CN108590778A (en) * 2018-01-15 2018-09-28 重庆江增船舶重工有限公司 A kind of axial-flow type organic working medium turbo-expander
CN210919164U (en) * 2019-08-28 2020-07-03 天津大学 Multi-section carbon ring labyrinth seal structure of supercritical carbon dioxide turboexpander

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