CN110454154B - Method and device for correcting influence of borehole eccentricity on azimuth signal - Google Patents
Method and device for correcting influence of borehole eccentricity on azimuth signal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for correcting the influence of borehole eccentricity on azimuth signals, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an axial signal corresponding to an axial receiving antenna, a first azimuth signal corresponding to a first azimuth receiving antenna and a second azimuth signal corresponding to a second azimuth receiving antenna in a borehole three-dimensional model of a uniform stratum; constructing a polynomial representing a signal relationship based on the axial signal, the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal; obtaining a correction coefficient for correcting the borehole eccentricity according to the polynomial and an axially measured signal received by an axial receiving antenna in the borehole; and eliminating the well wall reflection signal when the instrument in the actual measurement process is eccentric in the well according to the correction coefficient, and obtaining a third azimuth signal representing the boundary distance of the stratum. The method comprehensively considers the influence factors of the stratum conductivity when eliminating the borehole eccentricity influence, and can more thoroughly inhibit the borehole eccentricity influence and finally more accurately determine the stratum boundary distance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and geological exploration, in particular to a method and a device for correcting the influence of borehole eccentricity on azimuth signals.
Background
The currently used azimuth electromagnetic wave resistivity while drilling instrument mainly comprises a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, and the analysis is carried out by adopting a mirror image method. When the instrument is located in a homogeneous formation, the signal in the azimuth receive coil is 0 due to the orthogonality of the transmit and receive coils. When the instrument is located in a layered formation, the receive coil receives reflected signals from the formation boundaries. However, when the instrument is eccentric in the borehole, electromagnetic waves reflected by the borehole walls in different directions cannot be offset due to inequality, so that the response of borehole eccentricity received by the azimuth receiving coil is superposed on the reflection signal from the formation boundary concerned by people, and the judgment of the formation boundary is interfered by people.
The existing solution is to use a fixed correction coefficient to correct the influence of borehole eccentricity, that is, the existing solution considers that there is a fixed relationship between the signal ratio of the near-distance receiving antenna and the receiving-transmitting distance, and corrects the influence of borehole eccentricity by the fixed relationship. However, in practical application, the effect of using the fixed correction coefficient on correcting the borehole eccentricity is found to be extremely limited, and the method can be adopted to have a great influence on the judgment of the formation boundary after correction.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the invention provides a method and a device for correcting the influence of borehole eccentricity on azimuth signals, wherein the obtained correction parameters are parameters obtained by comprehensively considering the distance of the formation boundary and the formation conductivities at two sides of the formation boundary, and the influence generated by borehole eccentricity can be corrected more accurately.
In a first aspect, the present application provides the following technical solutions through an embodiment:
a method of correcting for the effects of borehole eccentricity on azimuth signals, the method comprising:
acquiring an axial signal corresponding to an axial receiving antenna, a first azimuth signal corresponding to a first azimuth receiving antenna and a second azimuth signal corresponding to a second azimuth receiving antenna in a borehole three-dimensional model of a uniform stratum; the axial receiving antenna, the first azimuth receiving antenna and the second azimuth receiving antenna are all antennas of an azimuth electromagnetic wave resistivity instrument while drilling; constructing a polynomial representing a signal relationship based on the axial signal, the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal; wherein the signal relationship is a relationship between a signal ratio between the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal and the axial signal; obtaining a correction coefficient for correcting the borehole eccentricity according to the polynomial and an axially measured signal received by the axial receiving antenna in the borehole; and eliminating the well wall reflection signal when the instrument in the actual measurement process is eccentric in the borehole according to the correction coefficient, and obtaining a third azimuth signal representing the boundary distance of the stratum.
Preferably, the acquiring an axial signal corresponding to the axial receiving antenna, a first azimuth signal corresponding to the first azimuth receiving antenna, and a second azimuth signal corresponding to the second azimuth receiving antenna includes:
acquiring parameter information of the well hole; building the three-dimensional borehole model based on the parameter information; and carrying out numerical simulation based on the three-dimensional model of the borehole to obtain the axial signal, the first azimuth signal and the second azimuth signal.
Preferably, the polynomial is:
wherein, aiIs a coefficient of a polynomial, i takes the value of 0 to n, VzzFor axial signals under uniform formations, Vzx1Is a first azimuth signal, V, under a uniform formationzx2Is a second azimuthal signal under the homogeneous formation.
Preferably, the obtaining a correction coefficient for correcting borehole eccentricity according to the polynomial equation and an axially measured signal received by the axial receiving antenna in the borehole includes:
performing data fitting on the polynomial based on the axial signal, the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal to determine polynomial coefficients of the polynomial; and obtaining a correction coefficient for correcting the borehole eccentricity according to the polynomial coefficient and an axial measured signal received by the axial receiving antenna in the borehole.
Preferably, the eliminating the borehole wall reflection signal when the instrument in the actual measurement process is eccentric in the borehole according to the correction coefficient to obtain a third azimuth signal representing the formation boundary distance includes:
based on V'zx＝V′zx1-AV′zx2Obtaining a third azimuth signal representing the distance of the stratum boundary; wherein, V'zxIs a third azimuth signal, V'zx1Is a first direction actual measurement signal V 'measured by a first direction receiving antenna under the actual working condition'zx2A is a second azimuth measured signal obtained by measuring the second azimuth receiving antenna under the actual working condition, and A is a correction coefficient.
In a second aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the present application provides the following technical solutions through an embodiment:
an apparatus for correcting the effects of borehole eccentricity on orientation signals, the apparatus comprising:
the simulation parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring an axial signal corresponding to an axial receiving antenna, a first azimuth signal corresponding to a first azimuth receiving antenna and a second azimuth signal corresponding to a second azimuth receiving antenna in a borehole three-dimensional model of a uniform stratum; the axial receiving antenna, the first azimuth receiving antenna and the second azimuth receiving antenna are all antennas of an electromagnetic wave resistivity instrument while drilling; a signal relationship construction module for constructing a polynomial representing a signal relationship based on the axial signal, the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal; wherein the signal relationship is a relationship between a signal ratio between the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal and the axial signal; the correction coefficient acquisition module is used for acquiring a correction coefficient for correcting the eccentricity of the borehole according to the polynomial and an axial measured signal received by the axial receiving antenna in the borehole; and the correction module is used for eliminating the well wall reflection signal when the instrument in the actual measurement process is eccentric in the borehole according to the correction coefficient to obtain a third azimuth signal representing the formation boundary distance.
Preferably, the simulation parameter obtaining module is further configured to:
acquiring parameter information of the well hole; building the three-dimensional borehole model based on the parameter information; and carrying out numerical simulation based on the three-dimensional model of the borehole to obtain the axial signal, the first azimuth signal and the second azimuth signal.
Preferably, the correction coefficient obtaining module is specifically configured to:
performing data fitting on the polynomial based on the axial signal, the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal to determine polynomial coefficients of the polynomial; and obtaining a correction coefficient for correcting the borehole eccentricity according to the polynomial coefficient and an axial measured signal received by the axial receiving antenna in the borehole.
Preferably, the correction module is specifically configured to:
based on V'zx＝V′zx1-AV′zx2Obtaining a third azimuth signal representing the distance of the stratum boundary; wherein, V'zxIs a third azimuth signal, V'zx1Is a first direction actual measurement signal V 'measured by a first direction receiving antenna under the actual working condition'zx2A is a second azimuth measured signal obtained by measuring the second azimuth receiving antenna under the actual working condition, and A is a correction coefficient.
In a third aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the present application provides the following technical solutions through an embodiment:
a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of any one of the first aspects.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for correcting the influence of borehole eccentricity on azimuth signals, which introduces the influence of formation conductivity on correction parameters under the condition of numerical simulation and uses axial receiving signals corresponding to axial receiving antennas to represent the influence brought by the formation conductivity; further, confirming a correction coefficient by constructing a polynomial of a relation between a signal ratio between the first azimuth signal and the second azimuth signal and the axial signal, wherein the obtained correction coefficient is a correction coefficient considering the influence of the formation conductivity; finally, the borehole wall reflection signals of the borehole in the actual measurement process can be eliminated through the correction coefficient, and then third azimuth signals representing the formation boundary distance can be obtained, and the third azimuth signals are more accurate and are less affected by borehole eccentricity. In conclusion, the method comprehensively considers the influence factors of the formation conductivity when eliminating the borehole eccentricity influence, so that the inhibition on the borehole eccentricity influence is more thorough, and finally the formation boundary distance can be more accurately determined.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method of correcting the effect of borehole eccentricity on an orientation signal according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the antenna structure and the signal transceiving principle of the azimuthal electromagnetic wave resistivity instrument while drilling in the first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 shows the phase response of the axial receiving antenna under different parameters in the three-dimensional model of the borehole in the first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing comparison between the real part signal and the imaginary part signal after correction in different environments by using the method of the present invention through numerical simulation verification;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating comparison between a real part signal and an imaginary part signal after correction in different environments by using a numerical simulation to verify a prior correction method;
FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram of an apparatus for correcting the effects of borehole eccentricity on orientation signals according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The influence of the formation conductivity on the correction effect is not considered in the existing correction of the borehole eccentricity effect, however, the modeling simulation is carried out on the eccentricity condition of the instrument in the borehole through a large number of three-dimensional finite difference methods, and the existing correction method with fixed coefficients can not simultaneously meet the borehole eccentricity correction of different models. A large number of comparative experiment analyses show that the influence of the resistivity of the mud on the correction effect is limited, and in addition, the correction effect can be obviously influenced by different formation conductivities. The existing fixed correction factors do not take the influence of the formation conductivity into account. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the method comprehensively considers the influence of the formation conductivity on the borehole eccentricity correction, and finally determines the correction coefficient.
Different stratum environments correspond to different stratum conductivities, and in the embodiment, the stratum conductivities can be reflected by collecting signals received by an axial receiving antenna of the while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave resistivity instrument. For further explanation, refer to the following examples.
First embodiment
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a method for correcting an influence of borehole eccentricity on an azimuth signal is provided, the method includes:
step S10: acquiring an axial signal corresponding to an axial receiving antenna, a first azimuth signal corresponding to a first azimuth receiving antenna and a second azimuth signal corresponding to a second azimuth receiving antenna in a borehole three-dimensional model of a uniform stratum; the axial receiving antenna, the first azimuth receiving antenna and the second azimuth receiving antenna are all antennas of an azimuth electromagnetic wave resistivity instrument while drilling;
step S20: constructing a polynomial representing a signal relationship based on the axial signal, the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal; wherein the signal relationship is a relationship between a signal ratio between the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal and the axial signal;
step S30: obtaining a correction coefficient for correcting the borehole eccentricity according to the polynomial and an axially measured signal received by the axial receiving antenna in the borehole;
step S40: and eliminating the well wall reflection signal when the instrument in the actual measurement process is eccentric in the borehole according to the correction coefficient, and obtaining a third azimuth signal representing the boundary distance of the stratum.
In step S10, the axial direction receiving antenna, the first direction receiving antenna, and the second direction receiving antenna each have a receiving coil therein.
Each received signal in the uniform stratum is a signal reflected by the well wall of the well, and a signal reflected by a stratum boundary does not exist, so that the signals can be eliminated in a targeted mode. Specifically, the axial direction signal corresponding to the axial direction receiving antenna, the first direction signal corresponding to the first direction receiving antenna, and the second direction signal corresponding to the second direction receiving antenna. Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure and a signal transceiving principle of an azimuthal electromagnetic wave resistivity instrument while drilling, wherein T is1For transmitting antennas, Rz1Being axial receiving antennas, Rx1、Rx2Is an azimuth receiving antenna.
The basic working principle of the azimuth electromagnetic wave instrument can be analyzed by using a mirror image method, when the instrument is positioned in a uniform stratum, due to the orthogonality of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, a signal in an azimuth receiving coil (a first azimuth receiving antenna, a second azimuth receiving antenna, the same below the sky) is 0; when the instrument is located in a layered formation, the receive coil receives reflected signals from the formation boundaries. However, since a signal other than 0 is generated in the azimuth receiving coil even when the instrument is eccentric, in the uniform formation, the signal reflected by the formation boundary is not considered, and only the borehole wall reflection signal of the borehole needs to be eliminated, that is, the signal other than 0 in the azimuth coil is eliminated in the uniform formation.
In step S10, the construction of the three-dimensional model of the borehole includes the following steps:
step S11: and acquiring the parameter information of the well hole. Specifically, in this embodiment, two examples of the parameter information of the wellbore are provided, specifically, model 1 and model 2:
TABLE 1 three-dimensional modeling model parameters
| | Model | 1 | |
| Radius of drill collar | 0.085725m | 0.085725m | |
| Radius of borehole | 0.12m | 0.12m | |
| Long transmitting-receiving distance | 1.8288m | 1.8288m | |
| Short transmitting-receiving distance | 1.27m | 1.27m | |
| Frequency of | 400kHz | 400kHz | |
| Number of turns of transmitting |
1 | 1 | |
| Number of turns of receiving |
1 | 1 | |
| Transmitting coil current | 1A | 1A | |
| Resistivity of slurry | 100Ω·m | 1Ω·m | |
| Conductivity of the formation | 1Ω·m | 100Ω·m | |
| Eccentricity of the track | 0.01m、0.03m | 0.01m、0.03m |
Step S12: and constructing the three-dimensional model of the borehole based on the parameter information.
Step S13: and carrying out numerical simulation based on the three-dimensional model of the borehole to obtain the axial signal, the first azimuth signal and the second azimuth signal.
In step S13, the numerical simulation may be: a finite difference method; in addition, the method can also be a finite element method, a finite volume method and other existing methods, which are not limited and are not repeated.
Step S20: constructing a polynomial representing a signal relationship based on the axial signal, the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal; wherein the signal relationship is a relationship between a signal ratio between the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal and the axial signal.
In step S20, the axial signals are simulated and analyzed, and it can be known that the response of the conventional axial coil is directly related to the formation conductivity and is substantially independent of the borehole eccentricity and the mud conductivity, as shown in fig. 3, and fig. 3 shows the phase response of the axial receiving antenna under different parameters in the three-dimensional model of the borehole. Meanwhile, the ratio of the long and short receiving-transmitting distance signal responses is considered
Response V to axial receiving coilzzIn which V iszx1Receiving a first azimuth signal, V, corresponding to an antenna for a first azimuth under a uniform formationzx2For receiving second azimuth signals, V, corresponding to antennas in a second azimuth under a uniform formationzzIs an axial signal under a uniform formation. The reason for considering the influence of borehole eccentricity on the response of the azimuth antenna is the reflection of electromagnetic waves on the borehole wall, and the reflection magnitude of the electromagnetic waves is mainly determined by the formation media on two sides of the interface. As the axial antenna has the shallowest detection depth in the single-transmitting and single-receiving phase and can reflect the formation conductivity near the well wall most, the axial receiving coil response V is adopted in the embodimentzzAs a signal indicative of formation conductivity.
Further, in this embodiment, a polynomial can be constructed to determine the ratio of the long and short distance signal responses
Response V to axial receiving coilzzIn this embodiment, the polynomial may be a quadratic polynomial, a cubic polynomial, a quartic polynomial, etc., and the degree and the number of terms of the polynomial are not limited, that is, the polynomial may be:
wherein, aiIs a coefficient of a polynomial, i takes the value of 0 to n, VzzFor axial signals under uniform formations, Vzx1Is a first azimuth signal, V, under a uniform formationzx2Is a second azimuthal signal under the homogeneous formation. . The test can be specifically carried out according to actual working condition conditions to confirm the effect. In this embodiment, a quadratic polynomial is taken as an example for detailed explanation, which is specifically as follows:
Step S30: and obtaining a correction coefficient for correcting the borehole eccentricity according to the polynomial and the axially measured signal received by the axial receiving antenna in the borehole.
In step S30, the specific implementation includes the following steps:
step S31: and performing data fitting on the polynomial based on the axial signal, the first direction signal and the second direction signal to determine polynomial coefficients of the polynomial. Wherein the axial signal, the first azimuthal signal, and the second azimuthal signal are each obtainable by numerical simulation in a three-dimensional model of a borehole of a homogeneous formation. The data fitting can be performed by using a least square method, and finally, each coefficient of the polynomial can be determined, such as determining coefficients a, b and c in the quadratic polynomial.
Step S32: and obtaining a correction coefficient for correcting the borehole eccentricity according to the polynomial coefficient and an axial measured signal received by the axial receiving antenna in the borehole. Wherein, the above-mentioned
For example, the correction coefficient
Where A is the correction factor.
Step S40: and eliminating the well wall reflection signal when the instrument in the actual measurement process is eccentric in the borehole according to the correction coefficient, and obtaining a third azimuth signal representing the boundary distance of the stratum.
In step S40, since the correction coefficient is determined, the borehole wall reflection signal of the borehole (the borehole wall reflection signal cannot be completely cancelled out) can be eliminated by the correction coefficient, and finally, a third azimuth signal is obtained. That is, may be based on V 'during actual drilling measurements'zx＝V′zx1-AV′zx2And obtaining a third azimuth signal representing the distance of the formation boundary. Wherein A is a correction coefficient, V'zxIs a third azimuth signal that can be used to characterize the distance, V ', between the borehole and the formation boundary'zx1Is a first direction actual measurement signal V 'measured by a first direction receiving antenna under the actual working condition'zx2And receiving a second azimuth measured signal measured by the second azimuth receiving antenna under the actual working condition. The finally obtained third azimuth signal V'zxThe method combines the azimuth signal obtained by correcting the influence of the formation conductivity on the borehole eccentricity, and can more accurately reflect the distance of the formation boundary.
The method provided by the embodiment is used for carrying out simulation verification on the construction model 3 under the condition of layered stratum, and the model 3 is a horizontal well model.
TABLE 2 model 3 parameters
In the case of model 3, the response of the tool in the eccentric borehole is shown in FIG. 4. Mud resistivity R is used hereinmThe correction coefficient calculated for the homogeneous formation is corrected 1000 Ω · m. From FIG. 4, it can be seen that under the condition of model 3, the azimuth signals with different eccentricities corrected by using the method are basically coincident, wherein (a) is a comparison diagram before and after correcting the real part of the azimuth signal, and (b) is a comparison diagram before and after correcting the imaginary part of the azimuth signal; FIG. 5 is a comparison of the correction effect of the prior art, wherein (c) is the real part of the azimuth signalPre-correction and post-correction comparison diagrams, and (d) pre-correction and post-correction comparison diagrams of the imaginary part of the azimuth signal. It can be seen that the above numerical simulation results verify the effectiveness of the method of the present embodiment in correcting borehole eccentricity.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for correcting the influence of borehole eccentricity on azimuth signals, which introduces the influence of formation conductivity on correction parameters under the condition of numerical simulation and uses axial receiving signals corresponding to axial receiving antennas to represent the influence brought by the formation conductivity; further, confirming a correction coefficient by constructing a polynomial of a relation between a signal ratio between the first azimuth signal and the second azimuth signal and the axial signal, wherein the obtained correction coefficient is a correction coefficient considering the influence of the formation conductivity; finally, the borehole wall reflection signals of the borehole in the actual measurement process can be eliminated through the correction coefficient, and then third azimuth signals representing the formation boundary distance can be obtained, and the third azimuth signals are more accurate and are less affected by borehole eccentricity. In conclusion, the method comprehensively considers the influence factors of the formation conductivity when eliminating the borehole eccentricity influence, so that the inhibition on the borehole eccentricity influence is more thorough, and finally the formation boundary distance can be more accurately determined.
Second embodiment
Referring to fig. 6, based on the same inventive concept, in the present embodiment, an apparatus 300 for correcting the influence of borehole eccentricity on an orientation signal is provided, the apparatus 300 comprising:
the simulation parameter acquisition module 301 is configured to acquire an axial signal corresponding to an axial receiving antenna, a first azimuth signal corresponding to a first azimuth receiving antenna, and a second azimuth signal corresponding to a second azimuth receiving antenna in a borehole three-dimensional model of a uniform stratum; the axial receiving antenna, the first azimuth receiving antenna and the second azimuth receiving antenna are all antennas of an azimuth electromagnetic wave resistivity instrument while drilling;
a signal relationship construction module 302 for constructing a polynomial representing a signal relationship based on the axial signal, the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal; wherein the signal relationship is a relationship between a signal ratio between the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal and the axial signal;
a correction coefficient obtaining module 303, configured to obtain a correction coefficient for correcting borehole eccentricity according to the polynomial and an axially measured signal received by the axial receiving antenna in the borehole;
and the correction module 304 is used for eliminating the well wall reflection signal when the instrument is eccentric in the borehole in the actual measurement process according to the correction coefficient to obtain a third azimuth signal representing the formation boundary distance.
As an optional implementation manner, the simulation parameter obtaining module 301 is further configured to:
acquiring parameter information of the well hole; building the three-dimensional borehole model based on the parameter information; and carrying out numerical simulation based on the three-dimensional model of the borehole to obtain the axial signal, the first azimuth signal and the second azimuth signal.
As an alternative embodiment, the polynomial is:
wherein, aiIs a coefficient of a polynomial, i takes the value of 0 to n, VzzFor axial signals under uniform formations, Vzx1Is a first azimuth signal, V, under a uniform formationzx2Is a second azimuthal signal under the homogeneous formation.
As an optional implementation manner, the correction coefficient obtaining module 303 is specifically configured to:
performing data fitting on the polynomial based on the axial signal, the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal to determine polynomial coefficients of the polynomial; and obtaining a correction coefficient for correcting the borehole eccentricity according to the polynomial coefficient and an axial measured signal received by the axial receiving antenna in the borehole.
As an optional implementation manner, the correction module 304 is specifically configured to:
based on V'zx＝V′zx1-AV′zx2Obtaining a third azimuth signal representing the distance of the stratum boundary; wherein, V'zxIs a third azimuth signal, V'zx1Is a first direction actual measurement signal V 'measured by a first direction receiving antenna under the actual working condition'zx2A is a second azimuth measured signal obtained by measuring the second azimuth receiving antenna under the actual working condition, and A is a correction coefficient.
It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention provides a method 300 for correcting the influence of borehole eccentricity on an orientation signal, which is implemented and produces the same technical effects as the foregoing method embodiment, and for the sake of brief description, reference may be made to the corresponding contents in the foregoing method embodiment where no part of the embodiment of the apparatus is mentioned.
It should be noted that, in the user terminal provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the specific implementation and the generated technical effect of each step are the same as those of the foregoing method embodiment, and for a brief description, for the sake of brevity, reference may be made to corresponding contents in the foregoing method embodiment for what is not mentioned in this embodiment.
Third embodiment
There is also provided in this embodiment a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of:
acquiring an axial signal corresponding to an axial receiving antenna, a first azimuth signal corresponding to a first azimuth receiving antenna and a second azimuth signal corresponding to a second azimuth receiving antenna in a borehole three-dimensional model of a uniform stratum; the axial receiving antenna, the first azimuth receiving antenna and the second azimuth receiving antenna are all antennas of an electromagnetic wave resistivity instrument while drilling; constructing a polynomial representing a signal relationship based on the axial signal, the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal; wherein the signal relationship is a relationship between a signal ratio between the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal and the axial signal; obtaining a correction coefficient for correcting the borehole eccentricity according to the polynomial and an axially measured signal received by the axial receiving antenna in the borehole; and eliminating the well wall reflection signal when the instrument in the actual measurement process is eccentric in the borehole according to the correction coefficient, and obtaining a third azimuth signal representing the boundary distance of the stratum.
The device-integrated functional modules provided by the present invention may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if they are implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as separate products. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the method of implementing the above embodiments may also be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium and used by a processor to implement the steps of the above embodiments of the method. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution medium, and the like. It should be noted that the computer readable medium may contain content that is subject to appropriate increase or decrease as required by legislation and patent practice in jurisdictions, for example, in some jurisdictions, computer readable media does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals as is required by legislation and patent practice.
The algorithms and displays presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual machine, or other apparatus. Various general purpose systems may also be used with the teachings herein. The required structure for constructing such a system will be apparent from the description above. Moreover, the present invention is not directed to any particular programming language. It is appreciated that a variety of programming languages may be used to implement the teachings of the present invention as described herein, and any descriptions of specific languages are provided above to disclose the best mode of the invention.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. However, the disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that: that the invention as claimed requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the device in an embodiment may be adaptively changed and disposed in one or more devices different from the embodiment. The modules or units or components of the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and furthermore they may be divided into a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and all of the processes or elements of any method or apparatus so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or processes or elements are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.
The various component embodiments of the invention may be implemented in hardware, or in software modules running on one or more processors, or in a combination thereof. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that a microprocessor or Digital Signal Processor (DSP) may be used in practice to implement some or all of the functionality of some or all of the components of a gateway, proxy server, system according to embodiments of the present invention. The present invention may also be embodied as apparatus or device programs (e.g., computer programs and computer program products) for performing a portion or all of the methods described herein. Such programs implementing the present invention may be stored on computer-readable media or may be in the form of one or more signals. Such a signal may be downloaded from an internet website or provided on a carrier signal or in any other form.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The usage of the words first, second and third, etcetera do not indicate any ordering. These words may be interpreted as names.
Claims (7)
1. A method of correcting for the effects of borehole eccentricity on azimuth signals, the method comprising:
acquiring an axial signal corresponding to an axial receiving antenna, a first azimuth signal corresponding to a first azimuth receiving antenna and a second azimuth signal corresponding to a second azimuth receiving antenna in a borehole three-dimensional model of a uniform stratum; the axial receiving antenna, the first azimuth receiving antenna and the second azimuth receiving antenna are all antennas of an azimuth electromagnetic wave resistivity instrument while drilling;
constructing a polynomial representing a signal relationship based on the axial signal, the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal; wherein the signal relationship is a relationship between a signal ratio between the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal and the axial signal;
performing data fitting on the polynomial based on the axial signal, the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal to determine polynomial coefficients of the polynomial; obtaining a correction coefficient for correcting the borehole eccentricity according to the polynomial coefficient and an axial measured signal received by the axial receiving antenna in the borehole; wherein the polynomial is:
wherein, aiIs a coefficient of a polynomial, i takes the value of 0 to n, VzzFor axial signals under uniform formations, Vzx1Is a first azimuth signal, V, under a uniform formationzx2A second azimuth signal under the uniform formation;
and eliminating the well wall reflection signal when the instrument in the actual measurement process is eccentric in the borehole according to the correction coefficient, and obtaining a third azimuth signal representing the boundary distance of the stratum.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the axial signals corresponding to the axial receiving antennas, the first azimuth signal corresponding to the first azimuth receiving antenna, and the second azimuth signal corresponding to the second azimuth receiving antenna comprises:
acquiring parameter information of the well hole;
building the three-dimensional borehole model based on the parameter information;
and carrying out numerical simulation based on the three-dimensional model of the borehole to obtain the axial signal, the first azimuth signal and the second azimuth signal.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the eliminating borehole wall reflection signals when the instrument in the actual measurement process is eccentric in the borehole according to the correction coefficient to obtain a third azimuth signal representing the distance of the formation boundary comprises:
based on V'zx＝V′zx1-AV′zx2Obtaining a third azimuth signal representing the distance of the stratum boundary; wherein, V'zxIs the third azimuth signal, V'zx1Is a first direction actual measurement signal V 'measured by a first direction receiving antenna under the actual working condition'zx2A is a second azimuth measured signal obtained by measuring the second azimuth receiving antenna under the actual working condition, and A is a correction coefficient.
4. An apparatus for correcting the effects of borehole eccentricity on orientation signals, the apparatus comprising:
the simulation parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring an axial signal corresponding to an axial receiving antenna, a first azimuth signal corresponding to a first azimuth receiving antenna and a second azimuth signal corresponding to a second azimuth receiving antenna in a borehole three-dimensional model of a uniform stratum; the axial receiving antenna, the first azimuth receiving antenna and the second azimuth receiving antenna are all antennas of an electromagnetic wave resistivity instrument while drilling;
a signal relationship construction module for constructing a polynomial representing a signal relationship based on the axial signal, the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal; wherein the signal relationship is a relationship between a signal ratio between the first orientation signal and the second orientation signal and the axial signal;
a correction coefficient acquisition module for acquiring a correction coefficient based on the axial signalPerforming data fitting on the polynomial by using the first azimuth signal and the second azimuth signal to determine polynomial coefficients of the polynomial; obtaining a correction coefficient for correcting the borehole eccentricity according to the polynomial coefficient and an axial measured signal received by the axial receiving antenna in the borehole; wherein the polynomial is:
wherein, aiIs a coefficient of a polynomial, i takes the value of 0 to n, VzzFor axial signals under uniform formations, Vzx1Is a first azimuth signal, V, under a uniform formationzx2A second azimuth signal under the uniform formation;
and the correction module is used for eliminating the well wall reflection signal when the instrument in the actual measurement process is eccentric in the borehole according to the correction coefficient to obtain a third azimuth signal representing the formation boundary distance.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the simulation parameter obtaining module is further configured to:
acquiring parameter information of the well hole;
building the three-dimensional borehole model based on the parameter information;
and carrying out numerical simulation based on the three-dimensional model of the borehole to obtain the axial signal, the first azimuth signal and the second azimuth signal.
6. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the correction module is specifically configured to:
based on V'zx＝V′zx1-AV′zx2Obtaining a third azimuth signal representing the distance of the stratum boundary; wherein, V'zxIs a third azimuth signal, V'zx1Is a first azimuth actual measurement obtained by the measurement of a first azimuth receiving antenna under the actual working conditionSignal, V'zx2A is a second azimuth measured signal obtained by measuring the second azimuth receiving antenna under the actual working condition, and A is a correction coefficient.
7. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
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| US10408055B2 (en) * | 2015-06-22 | 2019-09-10 | Conocophillips Company | Crustal and disturbance field survey correction |
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