CN110454149B - Rock debris bed identification method and position determination method - Google Patents

Rock debris bed identification method and position determination method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110454149B
CN110454149B CN201910814422.5A CN201910814422A CN110454149B CN 110454149 B CN110454149 B CN 110454149B CN 201910814422 A CN201910814422 A CN 201910814422A CN 110454149 B CN110454149 B CN 110454149B
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signal
well
bed
points
sending
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CN110454149A (en
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万夫磊
邓虎
陈俊斌
张继川
李雷
明显森
张�林
段慕白
黄崇君
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China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co Ltd
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CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/02Analysing fluids
    • G01N29/024Analysing fluids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04Analysing solids
    • G01N29/07Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a rock debris bed identification method and a position determination method. The identification method comprises the following steps: arranging a plurality of signal transmitting and receiving points in a well, and judging whether a rock debris bed or drilling fluid corresponds to the position of each signal transmitting and receiving point in the well according to the time interval between the transmitted detection signal and the received return detection signal to obtain a detection result; setting a coding rule, and coding the detection result by using the coding rule to obtain a coding result; transmitting the coding result to the ground, decoding the coding result, and identifying the detritus bed after decoding to obtain a decoding identification result; and drawing a cutting bed simulation diagram according to the diameter of the borehole and the decoding recognition result to finish the cutting bed recognition. The position determination method includes determining the position of the formation bed in the well based on the position of the signal initiation point. The invention can judge and monitor the condition of the underground detritus bed in real time, can optimize drilling measures according to the obtained detritus bed simulation diagram, and is convenient for continuous drilling work.

Description

Rock debris bed identification method and position determination method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas exploration, in particular to a detritus bed identification method and a position determination method.
Background
In oil drilling, a cuttings bed is one of the most common and serious problems in large-displacement horizontal well drilling. The harm of the detritus bed is represented by: the drilling speed and the engineering construction progress of machinery are slowed down, the engineering construction cost is increased, and accidents such as drilling tool damage, drill jamming and the like are frequent due to increased torque. With the deployment of large numbers of large displacement horizontal wells for offshore and land shale oil and gas drilling, the series of problems caused by the cuttings bed become more and more serious.
At present, the judgment of the detritus bed still depends on theoretical analysis calculation, software simulation, experimental device simulation and the like, the method cannot realize real-time judgment and monitoring of the detritus bed underground, and along with adjustment of working conditions, results simulated by the theoretical analysis and the experimental device are different from real conditions, underground detritus bed characteristics cannot be truly embodied, and drilling construction is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to address one or more of the problems in the prior art as set forth above. For example, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a cutting bed recognition method capable of discriminating and detecting the condition of a downhole cutting bed in real time.
In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of the present invention provides a rock debris bed identification method, which may include the steps of: arranging a plurality of signal transmitting points in a well, wherein each signal transmitting point can transmit a detection signal and receive a return detection signal of the detection signal after the detection signal passes through a drilling fluid or a cuttings bed, and judging whether the cuttings bed or the drilling fluid corresponds to the position of each signal transmitting point in the well according to the time interval between the transmitted detection signal and the received return detection signal to obtain a detection result; encoding the detection result by using an encoding rule to obtain an encoding result; transmitting the coding result to the ground, decoding the coding result, and identifying the detritus bed after decoding to obtain a decoding identification result; and drawing a cutting bed simulation diagram according to the diameter of the borehole and the decoding recognition result to finish the cutting bed recognition.
In an exemplary embodiment of the method of identifying a formation bed of the present invention, the arranging the plurality of signal transmission points in the borehole may include arranging the plurality of signal transmission points evenly along a circumference of the borehole.
In an exemplary embodiment of the method for identifying a rock debris bed, the plurality of signal sending points may include a first group of signal sending points and a second group of signal sending points, the first group of signal sending points and the second group of signal sending points are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the well, each signal sending point in the first group of signal sending points is located on the same plane and the plane is located at a first position in the well, each signal sending point in the second group of signal sending points is located on the same plane and the plane is located at a second position in the well, and a straight distance from the first position to the bottom of the well is smaller than a straight distance from the second position to the bottom of the well.
In an exemplary embodiment of the method for identifying a cutting bed according to the present invention, the encoding the detection result using the encoding rule may include: numbering each signal receiving point in the plurality of signal receiving points; outputting a first number when the position of the signal receiving and sending point in the well corresponds to a rock debris bed, and outputting a second number when the position of the signal receiving and sending point in the well corresponds to drilling fluid; and correspondingly combining the signal receiving and sending point number with the number output by the signal receiving and sending point to obtain a coding result.
In an exemplary embodiment of the method for identifying a bed of rock debris of the present invention, the detection signal may be an ultrasonic signal or an electromagnetic wave signal.
In an exemplary embodiment of the method of identifying a cutting bed of the present invention, the method of identifying may further comprise mapping parameters based on the wellbore diameter configuration prior to mapping the cutting bed simulation.
In an exemplary embodiment of the method for identifying a bed of rock debris of the present invention, the method for identifying may further comprise setting the frequency of transmission of the probe signal and reception of the return probe signal before transmission of the probe signal.
In an exemplary embodiment of the method of identifying a formation bed of the present invention, the signal transmission point may be provided on the surface of a drill string or on the wall of a borehole.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for determining a position of a cutting bed, which may include: arranging signal receiving and transmitting points in the well, wherein the signal receiving and transmitting points can transmit detection signals and receive return detection signals of the detection signals after the detection signals pass through the drilling fluid or the cuttings bed, and judging whether the positions of the signal receiving and transmitting points in the well correspond to the cuttings bed or the drilling fluid according to the time interval between the transmitted detection signals and the received return detection signals to finish the position judgment of the cuttings bed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The identification method can judge and monitor the condition of the underground detritus bed in real time, can optimize drilling measures according to the obtained detritus bed simulation diagram, and is convenient for continuous drilling work;
(2) Compared with theoretical analysis and experimental simulation results, the identification method is more accurate, measures can be taken in time to remove the debris bed, and underground accidents are prevented;
(3) The identification method of the invention is convenient for real-time detection and real-time processing of the detritus bed, avoids the situation that the drill column stops rotating for a long time, and improves the working efficiency of drilling;
(4) The method for judging the position of the detritus bed can quickly judge the position of the detritus bed and optimize the measures for clearing the detritus bed.
Drawings
The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates a flow chart of a method of identifying a formation bed in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of signal initiation points arranged circumferentially along a drill string in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the encoding result and a simulation diagram of the rock debris bed in an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, a cutting bed recognition method and a cutting bed position determination method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments.
Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for identifying a formation bed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of signal reception points arranged circumferentially along a drill string in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an encoding result and a simulation diagram of a cutting bed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is the schematic diagram of the encoding result and (b) is the simulation diagram of the cutting bed.
An aspect of the present invention provides a rock debris bed identification method, which, in an exemplary embodiment of the rock debris bed identification method of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, may include:
and S01, arranging signal transmitting and receiving points in the well, and judging whether the signal transmitting and receiving points correspond to the rock debris beds or the drilling fluid in the well according to the time interval between the detection signals transmitted by the signal transmitting and receiving points and the received return detection signals to obtain detection results.
In the above, several signal transmitting points may be arranged in the well, and a signal transmitter/receiver (e.g. a signal transmitter/receiver integrated machine) may be arranged at each signal transmitting point to complete the transmission and reception of the detection signal. The signal transmitting point can transmit a detection signal and receive a return detection signal after the detection signal passes through the drilling fluid or the detritus bed. A plurality of signal transmitting points can be arranged in the well, and according to the time interval between the detection signal transmitted by each signal transmitting point and the received return detection signal, the position of the signal transmitting point in the well corresponds to a rock debris bed or drilling fluid. Because the detection signals are transmitted in different media at different speeds, the detection signals are transmitted in the drilling fluid at a lower speed and in the rock debris bed at a higher speed. If the interval time between the transmitted detection signal and the return detection signal of the transmitted detection signal is short, the position of the signal transmitting point in the well is indicated to correspond to a rock debris bed; if the time interval is long, it can indicate that the position of the signal transmitting point in the well corresponds to the drilling fluid. The determination time here may be a given value or an empirical value.
And S02, setting a coding rule, and coding the detection result by using the coding rule to obtain a coding result.
And S03, transmitting the coding result to the ground, decoding the coding result, and identifying the detritus bed after decoding to obtain a decoding identification result.
And S04, drawing a cutting bed simulation diagram according to the diameter of the borehole and the decoding recognition result, and completing cutting bed recognition. From the interval times and the location of the various signal propagation points in the well, the height and thickness of the formation bed can be identified.
In this embodiment, before step S01, the frequency of the probe signal transmitted and received by the signal transmitting point may also be set. For example, the setting may be made according to the size of the well, the thickness of the cutting bed, and the like. And the signal transmitting point transmits and receives the detection signal according to the set frequency.
In this embodiment, in order to facilitate drawing of the cutting bed simulation diagram, before step S01, the cutting bed simulation diagram may be drawn according to the diameter of the borehole according to the parameters for configuring and encoding result transmission, decoding parameters and parameters required in the drawing process according to the diameter of the borehole to be drilled into the oil and gas well. Of course, the above configuration parameters may be configured in step S04.
In this embodiment, several signal transmission points may be arranged in the well. The signal relay point may be located at the surface of the drill string, on an inner wall in the well or in another drilling tool downhole. The signal transmitting points can be uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the well (oil and gas well). The signal transmitting direction of the signal transmitting point is parallel to the borehole (drilling) direction.
The plurality of signal forwarding points may be divided into a plurality of groups of signal forwarding points. Each of the signal transmission points included in each set of signal transmission points is arranged in the same plane. The plane formed by each group of signal transmitting points can be arranged in the well at a certain interval. For example, the plurality of signal sinks may be divided into two groups of signal sinks. The first group of signal sending points and the second group of signal sending points may respectively include a plurality of single signal sending points arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the well, for example, each group of signal sending points may include 8 to 16 signal sending points, and further, may include 12 signal sending points. The first set of signal transmitting points may be disposed at a first location in the well and the second set of signal transmitting points may be disposed at a second location in the well. The first position is a linear distance from the bottom of the well that is less than the linear distance from the second position to the bottom of the well. I.e., the first set of signaling points may be spaced apart from the second set of signaling points. The first set of signal relay points may emit probing signals downhole and the second set of signal relay points may emit probing signals uphole.
In the above, the signaling point may be arranged at the surface of the drill string. The signal transmitting points may be disposed on the surface of the drill string and arranged evenly circumferentially along the drill string. For example, the signaling points as described above include a first set of signal transmission points and a second set of signal transmission points. As shown in fig. 2, the first set of signal transmission points comprises individual signal transmission points arranged evenly along the circumference of the drill string 21. The first set of signal transmission points may include 12 signal transmission points 22. Likewise, the second set of signal transmission points comprises individual signal transmission points arranged evenly along the circumference of the drill string. The first set of signal propagation points may be located closer to the drill bit end and the second set of signal propagation points may be located closer to the drill bit end than the first set of signal propagation points. In order to better protect the signal transmitter/receiver arranged at the signal transmitting point, a protective shell can be arranged on the outer surface of the signal transmitter/receiver to protect the signal transmitter/receiver.
In this embodiment, an encoding rule may be set to encode the obtained detection result. The encoding rule may include: numbering each signal transmitting point in the plurality of signal transmitting points according to the position of the signal transmitting point in the well; outputting a first number when the position of the signal receiving and sending point in the well corresponds to a rock debris bed, and outputting a second number when the position of the signal receiving and sending point in the well corresponds to drilling fluid; and correspondingly combining the signal receiving and sending point number with the number output by the signal receiving and sending point to obtain a coding result.
For example, as shown in FIG. 2, signal contacts 22 are positioned on the surface of the drill string 21 and are numbered clockwise by position, in the order A01, A02, A03, \ 8230A 12. If the position of the signal transmitting point is the detritus bed, outputting '1'; if the position of the signal transmitting point is the drilling fluid, 0 is output. Assuming that the three signaling point positions of a06, a07 and a08 are corresponding to the cutting bed, the numbers and the output numbers are in one-to-one correspondence, that is, the output numbers can be recorded behind the numbers, and the encoding results a010, a020, a030, a040, a050, a061, a071, a081, a090, a100, a110 and a120 are obtained, as shown in fig. 3 (a), wherein 31 is a drill string and 32 is a signaling point. Of course, the encoding method of the present invention is not limited thereto, and other encoding methods may be employed.
In the present embodiment, the probe signal may be an ultrasonic signal or an electromagnetic wave signal emitted from the signal transmitting point.
In this embodiment, after the coded result is transmitted to the ground, the coded result can be decoded by using the coding rule, and the detection result of each signal receiving and transmitting point is identified, so that whether the position corresponding to each signal receiving and transmitting point is a rock debris bed or drilling fluid is identified. And then drawing a cutting bed simulation diagram according to the diameter of the borehole and the decoding and identifying result. For example, as shown in fig. 3 (b), 33 is a simulation diagram of the formation cutting bed obtained from the coded detection result of 3 (a). The numbers corresponding to the signal receiving and sending points A06, A07 and A08 are '1', which indicates that the three signal receiving and sending points correspond to the rock debris beds.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a rock debris bed position determination method, which, in an exemplary embodiment of the rock debris bed position determination method of the present invention, may include the steps of:
arranging a signal receiving and transmitting point in the well, wherein the signal receiving and transmitting point can transmit a detection signal and receive a return detection signal of the detection signal after the detection signal passes through the drilling fluid or the detritus bed; and judging whether the well in which the signal transmitting point is located corresponds to a rock debris bed or drilling fluid according to the time interval between the transmitted detection signal and the received return detection signal, thereby finishing the judgment of the position of the rock debris bed.
In the above, the signal transmitting point in the well can be arranged on the wall of the well in the well, and can also be arranged on a drill string. When the position of the signal transmitting point can be known, whether the position has a rock debris bed or not can be judged, and if the position has the rock debris bed, the position of the rock debris bed in the well can be further judged.
In conclusion, the identification method can judge and monitor the condition of the underground detritus bed in real time through the display, can optimize drilling measures according to the obtained detritus bed simulation diagram, and is convenient for the continuous drilling work; measures can be taken in time to remove the detritus bed, so that underground accidents are prevented; the condition that the drill column stops rotating for a long time can be avoided, and the working efficiency of drilling is improved. The method for judging the position of the detritus bed can quickly judge the position of the detritus bed and optimize the removal measures of the detritus bed.
Although the present invention has been described above in connection with exemplary embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A large-displacement horizontal well detritus bed identification method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
arranging a plurality of signal transmitting points in a well, wherein each signal transmitting point can transmit a detection signal and receive a return detection signal of the detection signal after the detection signal passes through a drilling fluid or a cuttings bed, and judging whether the position of each signal transmitting point in the plurality of signal transmitting points corresponds to the cuttings bed or the drilling fluid in the well according to the time interval between the transmission of the detection signal and the reception of the return detection signal to obtain a detection result;
setting a coding rule, and coding the detection result by using the coding rule to obtain a coding result; the encoding rule includes: numbering each signal transmitting point in the plurality of signal transmitting points according to the position of the signal transmitting point in the well; outputting a first number when the well position of the signal receiving and transmitting point corresponds to a rock debris bed, and outputting a second number when the well position of the signal receiving and transmitting point corresponds to drilling fluid; correspondingly combining the serial number of the signal receiving and sending point with the number output by the signal receiving and sending point to obtain a coding result;
transmitting the coding result to the ground, decoding the coding result, and identifying the detritus bed after decoding to obtain a decoding identification result;
drawing a detritus bed simulation diagram according to the diameter of the borehole and the decoding recognition result to finish the identification of the detritus bed; identifying the height and the thickness of the detritus bed according to the interval time and the positions of the signal sending points in the well;
the signal receiving and sending points comprise a first group of signal receiving and sending points and a second group of signal receiving and sending points, the first group of signal receiving and sending points and the second group of signal receiving and sending points are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the well, all the signal receiving and sending points in the first group of signal receiving and sending points are located on the same plane, the plane is located at a first position in the well, all the signal receiving and sending points in the second group of signal receiving and sending points are located on the same plane, the plane is located at a second position in the well, and the linear distance from the first position to the bottom of the well is smaller than the linear distance from the second position to the bottom of the well.
2. The method of identifying a large displacement horizontal well cuttings bed of claim 1 wherein deploying a plurality of signal transmission points in a borehole comprises deploying the plurality of signal transmission points evenly along a circumference of the well.
3. The method for identifying the detritus bed of a large-displacement horizontal well as defined in claim 1, wherein the signal transmitting directions of the signal transmitting points are parallel to the drilling direction, the detection signals transmitted by the first group of signal transmitting points face to the bottom of the well, and the detection signals transmitted by the second group of signal transmitting points face to the top of the well.
4. The method for identifying the large-displacement horizontal well detritus bed according to claim 1, wherein the step of encoding the detection result by using the encoding rule comprises:
numbering each signal receiving point in the plurality of signal receiving points;
outputting a first number when the position of the signal receiving and sending point in the well corresponds to a rock debris bed, and outputting a second number when the position of the signal receiving and sending point in the well corresponds to drilling fluid;
and correspondingly combining the signal receiving and sending point number with the number output by the signal receiving and sending point to obtain a coding result.
5. The method for identifying the large-displacement horizontal well detritus bed according to claim 1, wherein the detection signal is an ultrasonic signal or an electromagnetic wave signal.
6. The method for identifying the large-displacement horizontal well detritus bed according to claim 1, further comprising configuring parameters for encoding result transmission and decoding parameters according to the diameter of the borehole before drawing the detritus bed simulation diagram.
7. The method for identifying the large displacement horizontal well detritus bed as claimed in claim 1, further comprising setting the frequency of probe signal transmission and return probe signal reception prior to transmitting the probe signal.
8. The method for identifying the large-displacement horizontal well debris bed according to claim 1, wherein the signal transmitting points are arranged on the surface of a drill string or on the wall of a well.
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CN112302634B (en) * 2020-10-26 2024-04-26 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 Method for judging and identifying positions and accumulation degree of rock debris bed

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