CN110451929B - Cement-based porous filter material prepared from waste circuit board nonmetal powder and preparation method - Google Patents
Cement-based porous filter material prepared from waste circuit board nonmetal powder and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110451929B CN110451929B CN201910795940.7A CN201910795940A CN110451929B CN 110451929 B CN110451929 B CN 110451929B CN 201910795940 A CN201910795940 A CN 201910795940A CN 110451929 B CN110451929 B CN 110451929B
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
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- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001955 polymer synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/131—Inorganic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1328—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues without additional clay
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
- C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
- C04B38/067—Macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/77—Density
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
- C04B2235/9669—Resistance against chemicals, e.g. against molten glass or molten salts
- C04B2235/9692—Acid, alkali or halogen resistance
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cement-based porous filter material prepared from waste circuit board non-metal powder, which belongs to the technical field of porous filter materials and is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75-83 parts of waste circuit board nonmetal powder, 15-24 parts of aluminate cement and 1-2 parts of desulfurized gypsum. The invention also discloses a preparation method thereof; the invention fully utilizes the respective performance characteristics of epoxy resin and glass fiber in the nonmetal powder of the waste circuit board, and the prepared cement-based porous filter material has the characteristics of low calcination temperature (730 ℃ -770 ℃), high compression strength, high apparent porosity, good alkali corrosion resistance, good permeability, small pore diameter and the like, and can be used for treating medium and low temperature flue gas, alkaline or neutral sewage; in the cement-based porous filter material, the doping proportion of the waste slag of the waste circuit board grinding non-metal powder and the desulfurized gypsum is up to 76-85%, and the cement-based porous filter material has good economic benefit and environmental protection benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of porous filter materials, and particularly relates to a cement-based porous filter material prepared from waste circuit board non-metal powder and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The porous filter material product is widely applied to the fields of chemical industry, environmental protection, energy, electronics, petroleum, medicine, biochemistry and the like according to different preparation raw materials, pore-forming modes and product performance indexes.
The porous filtering material is a material with a net structure formed by closed or interconnected pores, and generally takes a refractory high-strength material as an aggregate, and is matched with a pore-forming agent to generate pores under high-temperature calcination.
The porous filter materials are various in types, and the common porous filter materials comprise a sintered ceramic-based porous filter material, a sintered metal-based porous filter material, a sintered plastic-based porous filter material, a composite metal-based porous filter material and the like, and the preparation method mainly comprises a pore-forming agent adding method, a foaming agent adding method, a corrosion pore-forming method, a high polymer synthesis method, an organic foam impregnation method, a sol-gel method and the like.
The waste Printed Circuit Board (PCB) is one of electronic garbage, with the rapid development of economy in China, the technical upgrading is accelerated and the market of electronic industry is continuously expanded, the number of the waste printed circuit boards is increased year by year, because the printed circuit boards contain high-grade precious metals such as copper, gold, silver, palladium and the like, the waste printed circuit boards have high resource recycling value, after the precious metals are effectively recycled in the processing processes of crushing → grinding → gravity separation and the like in factories, non-metal fine powder (hereinafter referred to as waste circuit board non-metal powder) accounting for 50-80% of the mass of the waste printed circuit boards is generated, the waste circuit board non-metal powder mainly comprises glass fiber, epoxy resin and phenolic resin (wherein the glass fiber accounts for about 70%, and the epoxy resin and the phenolic resin accounts for about 30%), because the epoxy resin and the phenolic resin are thermosetting resin, unlike thermoplastics which can be re-melted for use, they are not susceptible to degradation, differentiation and recycling, as are glass fibers.
At present, most of the disposal modes of the nonmetal powder of the waste circuit board in China are landfill and stockpiling, so that the maintenance cost of enterprises is increased, and more importantly, the local environment and ecological resources are destroyed; the comprehensive utilization of the waste is a sustainable development requirement, and the waste is changed into valuable.
Patent CN 104327374A discloses a method for preparing a composite material by using waste circuit board nonmetal ultrafine powder and polyolefin, patent CN 101353585A discloses a method for preparing modified asphalt by using waste circuit board nonmetal powder, patent CN 107057141A discloses a method for preparing styrene-butadiene rubber by grafting polystyrene hybrid particles on the surface of waste printed circuit board nonmetal powder, patent 201310044154.6A discloses a method for preparing a composite material by using waste printed circuit board nonmetal powder and ABS resin, and patent CN 107098658A discloses a method for preparing a concrete pavement brick by using waste circuit board nonmetal powder; the patents can recycle the waste printed circuit board nonmetal powder, but part of products have higher production cost and limit the application of the products, and the two wastes of glass fiber and resin in the waste printed circuit board nonmetal powder cannot be combined.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new product with high added value by using the non-metal powder of the waste circuit board.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cement-based porous filtering material prepared from waste circuit board non-metal powder; the invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the cement-based porous filter material, and the prepared cement-based porous filter material has the characteristics of high compression strength, high apparent porosity, good alkali corrosion resistance, small pore diameter and the like, and is particularly suitable for filtering alkaline or neutral liquid.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the cement-based porous filtering material prepared from the waste circuit board nonmetal powder is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75-83 parts of waste circuit board nonmetal powder, 15-24 parts of aluminate cement and 1-2 parts of desulfurized gypsum.
Furthermore, the fineness of the nonmetal powder of the waste circuit board is 0.080mm, the residue of a square-hole sieve is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, and the density of the waste circuit board is 2.0-2.1 g/cm3The ignition loss at 730-770 ℃ is 28-32%, and the combustion heat value is 9000-10000 kJ/kg.
Further, the aluminate cement is CA-50 in model.
Furthermore, the desulfurized gypsum is a byproduct generated by sintering flue gas desulfurization, the screen residue of a square-hole screen with the fineness of 0.080mm is less than or equal to 1.0 percent, and SO3The content is 40.0-45.0%.
Furthermore, the density of the cement-based porous filter material prepared from the waste circuit board non-metal powder is 1.3-1.5 g/cm3A compressive strength of 15 to 25MPa, an apparent porosity of 45 to 50%, and a permeability of 0.35 to 0.55 μm2The alkali corrosion mass loss rate is 1.9-3.2%, and the characteristic aperture is 0.9-3 μm.
The preparation method for preparing the cement-based porous filtering material by using the waste circuit board nonmetal powder comprises the following steps:
1) weighing waste circuit board nonmetal powder, aluminate cement and desulfurized gypsum according to a formula, and mixing in a mixer to obtain a dry material mixture;
2) adding tap water accounting for 12-15% of the weight of the dry material mixture into the dry material mixture prepared in the step 1), and starting a mixer to mix to obtain a wet material mixture;
3) pressing the wet material mixture prepared in the step 2) into a blank, wherein the forming pressure is 10-20 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 50-70 s;
4) putting the blank pressed and molded in the step 3) into a curing box with the temperature of 25 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of 70-85% for curing for 48 +/-2 h, and then moving into the curing box with the temperature of 60 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 90% for curing for 72 +/-3 h;
5) placing the green body cured in the step 4) into a drying oven, and drying for 2-3 h at 105 +/-5 ℃;
6) and (3) putting the dried blank in the step 5) into a high-temperature furnace, and heating and cooling to obtain the cement-based porous filter material prepared from the waste circuit board nonmetal powder.
Further, in the step 1), the mixing time is 10-20 min, and in the step 2), the mixing time is 5-10 min.
Further, in step 6), the temperature raising and lowering procedure is as follows: heating the mixture from room temperature to 250 ℃ at the speed of 8-10 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 30-40 min; raising the temperature to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 10-15 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 30-40 min; then, heating to 730-770 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-8 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 50-60 min; standing, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the cement-based porous filter material prepared from the waste circuit board nonmetal powder.
The invention principle is as follows: holes generated after organic matters such as epoxy resin, phenolic resin and the like in the nonmetal powder of the waste circuit board are burnt at high temperature are used as pore-forming agents of the cement-based porous filtering material; the hydration product of high-alumina cement (the hydration product of the cement has certain high temperature resistance) and glass fiber (the glass fiber has certain mechanical strength after being subjected to a high-temperature melting process and then being cooled) in the nonmetal powder of the waste circuit board are used as the strength framework of the cement-based porous filter material, and the desulfurized gypsum has a promoting effect on the formation of the early strength framework of a bad body; meanwhile, the heat energy (namely, an internal heat source) generated by the high-temperature combustion of organic matters such as epoxy resin, phenolic resin and the like in the non-metal powder of the waste circuit board is used as the supplement of the external heat source during the calcination of the cement-based porous filter material.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the cement-based porous filter material prepared by the invention fully utilizes the respective performance characteristics of epoxy resin and glass fiber in the waste circuit board nonmetal powder, has the characteristics of high compression strength, high apparent porosity, good alkali corrosion resistance, good permeability, small pore diameter and the like, and can be used for treating medium-low temperature flue gas, alkaline or neutral sewage; according to the invention, the calorific value generated when organic matters such as epoxy resin and phenolic resin in the waste circuit board nonmetal powder are combusted is fully utilized (the combustion calorific value of the waste circuit board nonmetal powder is 9000-10000 kJ/kg), and the prepared cement-based porous filter material has the characteristics of low calcining temperature (730-770 ℃), low energy consumption and the like; in the cement-based porous filter material prepared by the invention, the mixing proportion of the non-metal powder of the circuit board mill and the desulfurized gypsum is up to 76-85%, so that the production cost is reduced, natural resources are saved, and the cement-based porous filter material has good economic benefit and environmental protection benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a cement-based porous filter material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a cement-based porous filter material prepared in example 3;
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of a cement-based porous filter material prepared in example 5;
FIG. 4 is a pore size distribution plot of the cement-based porous filter material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a pore size distribution plot of the cement-based porous filter material prepared in example 3;
FIG. 6 is a pore size distribution diagram of the cement-based porous filter material prepared in example 5.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
The cement-based porous filter material prepared from the waste circuit board nonmetal powder is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75-83 parts of waste circuit board nonmetal powder, 15-24 parts of aluminate cement and 1-2 parts of desulfurized gypsum.
The fineness of the nonmetal powder of the waste circuit board is 0.080mm, the residue of a square-hole sieve is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, and the density of the waste circuit board is 2.0-2.1 g/cm3The ignition loss at 730-770 ℃ is 28-32%, and the combustion heat value is 9000-10000 kJ/kg.
The aluminate cement is CA-50; the desulfurized gypsum is a byproduct generated by sintering flue gas desulfurization, the screen residue of a square-hole screen with the fineness of 0.080mm is less than or equal to 1.0 percent, and SO3The content is 40.0-45.0%.
The density of the cement-based porous filtering material prepared from the waste circuit board nonmetal powder is 1.3-1.5 g/cm3A compressive strength of 15 to 25MPa, an apparent porosity of 45 to 50%, and a permeability of 0.35 to 0.55 μm2The alkali corrosion mass loss rate is 1.9-3.2%, and the characteristic aperture is 0.9-3 μm.
The preparation method for preparing the cement-based porous filtering material by using the waste circuit board nonmetal powder comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the waste circuit board nonmetal powder, aluminate cement and desulfurized gypsum according to the formula, and mixing in a mixer for 10-20 min to obtain a dry material mixture;
2) adding tap water (or clean river water) accounting for 12-15% of the weight of the dry material mixture into the dry material mixture prepared in the step 1), and starting a mixer to mix for 5-10 min to obtain a wet material mixture.
3) Pressing the wet material mixture prepared in the step 2) into a blank, wherein the forming pressure is 10-20 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 50-70 s;
4) and (3) placing the blank pressed and formed in the step 3) into a curing box with the temperature of 25 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of 70-85% for curing for 48 +/-2 h, and then moving into the curing box with the temperature of 60 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 90% for curing for 72 +/-3 h.
5) And (3) placing the green body cured in the step 4) into a drying oven to be dried for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 105 +/-5 ℃.
6) And (3) placing the dried blank in the step 5) into a high-temperature furnace, and processing by a certain temperature rise and temperature reduction program to obtain the finished product.
The certain temperature rising and reducing procedures in the step 6) are as follows: heating the mixture from room temperature to 250 ℃ at the speed of 8-10 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 30-40 min; raising the temperature to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 10-15 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 30-40 min; then, heating to 730-770 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-8 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 50-60 min; standing, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the cement-based porous filter material.
Example 1
Proportioning: 75 parts of waste circuit board nonmetal powder, 24 parts of aluminate cement and 1 part of desulfurized gypsum.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the waste circuit board nonmetal powder, aluminate cement and desulfurized gypsum according to the formula, and mixing in a mixer for 10-20 min to obtain a dry material mixture;
(2) and (2) adding tap water (or clean river water) accounting for 12-15% of the weight of the dry material mixture into the dry material mixture prepared in the step (1), and starting a mixer to mix for 5-10 min to obtain a wet material mixture.
(3) Pressing the wet material mixture prepared in the step (2) into a blank, wherein the forming pressure is 10MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 50-70 s;
(4) and (4) placing the blank pressed and formed in the step (3) into a curing box with the temperature of 25 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of 70-85% for curing for 48 +/-2 h, and then moving into a curing box with the temperature of 60 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 90% for curing for 72 +/-3 h.
(5) And (5) placing the green body cured in the step (4) into a drying oven, and drying for 2 hours at 105 +/-5 ℃.
(6) Putting the dried blank in the step (5) into a high-temperature furnace, heating the blank to 250 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 8 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 40 min; heating to 500 deg.C at a rate of 15 deg.C/min, and maintaining for 40 min; then raising the temperature to 750 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 60 min; standing, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the cement-based porous filter material.
Example 2
Proportioning: 77 parts of waste circuit board nonmetal powder, 22 parts of aluminate cement and 1 part of desulfurized gypsum.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the waste circuit board nonmetal powder, aluminate cement and desulfurized gypsum according to the formula, and mixing in a mixer for 10-20 min to obtain a dry material mixture;
(2) and (2) adding tap water (or clean river water) accounting for 12-15% of the weight of the dry material mixture into the dry material mixture prepared in the step (1), and starting a mixer to mix for 5-10 min to obtain a wet material mixture.
(3) Pressing the wet material mixture prepared in the step (2) into a blank, wherein the forming pressure is 10MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 50-70 s;
(4) and (4) placing the blank pressed and formed in the step (3) into a curing box with the temperature of 25 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of 70-85% for curing for 48 +/-2 h, and then moving into a curing box with the temperature of 60 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 90% for curing for 72 +/-3 h.
(5) And (5) placing the green body cured in the step (4) into a drying oven, and drying for 2 hours at 105 +/-5 ℃.
(6) Putting the dried blank in the step (5) into a high-temperature furnace, heating the blank to 250 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 8 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 40 min; heating to 500 deg.C at a rate of 15 deg.C/min, and maintaining for 40 min; then raising the temperature to 750 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 60 min; standing, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the cement-based porous filter material.
Example 3
Proportioning: 79 parts of waste circuit board nonmetal powder, 19 parts of aluminate cement and 2 parts of desulfurized gypsum.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the waste circuit board nonmetal powder, aluminate cement and desulfurized gypsum according to the formula, and mixing in a mixer for 10-20 min to obtain a dry material mixture;
(2) and (2) adding tap water (or clean river water) accounting for 12-15% of the weight of the dry material mixture into the dry material mixture prepared in the step (1), and starting a mixer to mix for 5-10 min to obtain a wet material mixture.
(3) Pressing the wet material mixture prepared in the step (2) into a blank, wherein the forming pressure is 10MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 50-70 s;
(4) and (4) placing the blank pressed and formed in the step (3) into a curing box with the temperature of 25 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of 70-85% for curing for 48 +/-2 h, and then moving into a curing box with the temperature of 60 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 90% for curing for 72 +/-3 h.
(5) And (5) placing the green body cured in the step (4) into a drying oven, and drying for 2 hours at 105 +/-5 ℃.
(6) Putting the dried blank in the step (5) into a high-temperature furnace, heating the blank to 250 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 8 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 40 min; heating to 500 deg.C at a rate of 15 deg.C/min, and maintaining for 40 min; then raising the temperature to 750 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 60 min; standing, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the cement-based porous filter material.
Example 4
Proportioning: 81 parts of waste circuit board nonmetal powder, 17.5 parts of aluminate cement and 1.5 parts of desulfurized gypsum.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the waste circuit board nonmetal powder, aluminate cement and desulfurized gypsum according to the formula, and mixing in a mixer for 10-20 min to obtain a dry material mixture;
(2) and (2) adding tap water (or clean river water) accounting for 12-15% of the weight of the dry material mixture into the dry material mixture prepared in the step (1), and starting a mixer to mix for 5-10 min to obtain a wet material mixture.
(3) Pressing the wet material mixture prepared in the step (2) into a blank, wherein the forming pressure is 10MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 50-70 s;
(4) and (4) placing the blank pressed and formed in the step (3) into a curing box with the temperature of 25 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of 70-85% for curing for 48 +/-2 h, and then moving into a curing box with the temperature of 60 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 90% for curing for 72 +/-3 h.
(5) And (5) placing the green body cured in the step (4) into a drying oven, and drying for 2 hours at 105 +/-5 ℃.
(6) Putting the dried blank in the step (5) into a high-temperature furnace, heating the blank to 250 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 8 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 40 min; heating to 500 deg.C at a rate of 15 deg.C/min, and maintaining for 40 min; then raising the temperature to 750 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 60 min; standing, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the cement-based porous filter material.
Example 5
Proportioning: 83 parts of waste circuit board nonmetal powder, 15 parts of aluminate cement and 2 parts of desulfurized gypsum.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the waste circuit board nonmetal powder, aluminate cement and desulfurized gypsum according to the formula, and mixing in a mixer for 10-20 min to obtain a dry material mixture;
(2) and (2) adding tap water (or clean river water) accounting for 12-15% of the weight of the dry material mixture into the dry material mixture prepared in the step (1), and starting a mixer to mix for 5-10 min to obtain a wet material mixture.
(3) Pressing the wet material mixture prepared in the step (2) into a blank, wherein the forming pressure is 10MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 50-70 s;
(4) and (4) placing the blank pressed and formed in the step (3) into a curing box with the temperature of 25 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of 70-85% for curing for 48 +/-2 h, and then moving into a curing box with the temperature of 60 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 90% for curing for 72 +/-3 h.
(5) And (5) placing the green body cured in the step (4) into a drying oven, and drying for 2 hours at 105 +/-5 ℃.
(6) Putting the dried blank in the step (5) into a high-temperature furnace, heating the blank to 250 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 8 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 40 min; heating to 500 deg.C at a rate of 15 deg.C/min, and maintaining for 40 min; then raising the temperature to 750 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 60 min; standing, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the cement-based porous filter material.
EXAMPLES investigation of Performance of Cement-based porous Filter Material obtained by the preparation method of the present invention
The volume weight, the compression strength, the apparent porosity, the permeability, the alkali corrosion resistance and other properties of the cement-based porous filter material are detected according to the conventional technology in the general technical standard field of porous ceramic products, and are shown in the attached table 1; observing the microstructure of the fracture of the cement-based porous filtering material by using a scanning electron microscope, which is shown in attached figures 1-3; the pore size distribution of the cement-based porous filter material is measured by a mercury porosimeter, which is shown in attached figures 4-6.
Properties of cement-based porous Filter materials obtained in examples 1 to 5 in Table 1 were measuredThe results show that: the compression strength of the cement-based porous filter material prepared from the non-metal powder of the waste circuit board is between 15.17MPa and 24.80MPa, the average value is 19.71MPa, and the average compression strength is far higher than the technical standard requirement that the average compression strength of a porous ceramic product is more than 8.0 MPa; the apparent porosity is between 46.81 and 49.31 percent and is far higher than the technical standard requirement that the porous ceramic product is more than or equal to 30 percent; the liquid permeability is 0.35-0.55 μm2The code number of the porous ceramic micropore is 4#～6#The permeability of the product is more than or equal to 0.25 mu m2The technical standard requirements of (2); the alkali corrosion resistant quality loss rate is between 1.92% and 3.15%, and the technical standard requirement that the alkali corrosion resistant quality loss rate of the porous ceramic product is not more than 5.0% is met.
As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 3: the cement-based porous filter material is prepared from the waste circuit board nonmetal powder, and the holes are communicated with each other although the shapes of the holes are not very regular; the sizes of the holes are also inconsistent, but the maximum diameter direction size of the holes is mostly less than 5 μm, and a small amount of the holes is between 5 and 10 μm.
As can be seen from fig. 4 to 6: the aperture of the cement-based porous filtering material prepared from the waste circuit board nonmetal powder is intensively distributed between 0.1 and 5 micrometers, and a small amount of the cement-based porous filtering material is distributed between 5 and 10 micrometers, which is also verified by the scales in the attached figures 1 to 3; the characteristic pore diameters of the cement-based porous filter materials prepared in example 1, example 3 and example 5 were 0.9 μm, 1.7 μm and 2.2 μm, respectively.
In conclusion, the cement-based porous filter material prepared from the waste circuit board nonmetal powder has the characteristics of low calcination temperature (730 ℃ -770 ℃), low energy consumption and the like; the composite material also has the characteristics of high compression strength, high apparent porosity, good alkali corrosion resistance, good permeability, small pore diameter and the like, and can be used for treating medium and low temperature flue gas, alkaline or neutral sewage; in the cement-based porous filter material prepared by grinding the nonmetal powder by using the waste circuit board, the mixing proportion of the waste circuit board grinding nonmetal powder and the desulfurized gypsum is up to 76-85 percent, so that the production cost is reduced, natural resources are saved, and the cement-based porous filter material has good economic benefit and environmental protection benefit.
TABLE 1 Properties of cement-based porous filter material prepared from nonmetal powder of waste circuit board
| Measurement items | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 |
| Volume weight/g. (cm)3)-1 | 1.45 | 1.42 | 1.40 | 1.37 | 1.35 |
| Compressive strength/MPa | 24.80 | 22.20 | 19.44 | 17.15 | 15.17 |
| Apparent porosity/% | 46.81 | 47.34 | 48.19 | 48.52 | 49.31 |
| Permeability/μm2 | 0.35 | 0.38 | 0.41 | 0.46 | 0.55 |
| Alkali corrosion mass loss rate/%) | 3.15 | 2.77 | 2.42 | 2.26 | 1.92 |
Claims (7)
1. The cement-based porous filter material prepared from the waste circuit board nonmetal powder is characterized in that: the composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75-83 parts of waste circuit board nonmetal powder, 15-24 parts of aluminate cement and 1-2 parts of desulfurized gypsum; the fineness of the nonmetal powder of the waste circuit board is 0.080mm, the residue of a square-hole sieve is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, and the density of the waste circuit board is 2.0-2.1 g/cm3The ignition loss at 730-770 ℃ is 28-32%, and the combustion heat value is 9000-10000 kJ/kg.
2. The cement-based porous filter material prepared from the non-metal powder of the waste circuit board as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the aluminate cement is CA-50 in type.
3. The cement-based porous filter material prepared from the non-metal powder of the waste circuit board as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the desulfurized gypsum is a byproduct generated by sintering flue gas desulfurization, the screen residue of a square-hole screen with the fineness of 0.080mm is less than or equal to 1.0 percent, and SO3The content is 40.0-45.0%.
4. The cement-based porous filter material prepared from the non-metal powder of the waste circuit board as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the density of the cement-based porous filtering material prepared from the waste circuit board nonmetal powder is 1.3-1.5 g/cm3A compressive strength of 15 to 25MPa, an apparent porosity of 45 to 50%, and a permeability of 0.35 to 0.55 μm2The alkali corrosion mass loss rate is 1.9-3.2%, and the characteristic aperture is 0.9-3 μm.
5. The method for preparing a cement-based porous filter material prepared from the non-metallic powder of the waste circuit board as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
1) weighing waste circuit board nonmetal powder, aluminate cement and desulfurized gypsum according to a formula, and mixing in a mixer to obtain a dry material mixture;
2) adding tap water accounting for 12-15% of the weight of the dry material mixture into the dry material mixture prepared in the step 1), and starting a mixer to mix to obtain a wet material mixture;
3) pressing the wet material mixture prepared in the step 2) into a blank, wherein the forming pressure is 10-20 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 50-70 s;
4) putting the blank pressed and molded in the step 3) into a curing box with the temperature of 25 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of 70-85% for curing for 48 +/-2 h, and then moving into the curing box with the temperature of 60 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 90% for curing for 72 +/-3 h;
5) placing the green body cured in the step 4) into a drying oven, and drying for 2-3 h at 105 +/-5 ℃;
6) and (3) putting the dried blank in the step 5) into a high-temperature furnace, and heating and cooling to obtain the cement-based porous filter material prepared from the waste circuit board nonmetal powder.
6. The method for preparing the cement-based porous filter material prepared from the non-metal powder of the waste circuit board according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 1), the mixing time is 10-20 min, and in the step 2), the mixing time is 5-10 min.
7. The method for preparing the cement-based porous filter material prepared from the non-metal powder of the waste circuit board according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step 6), the temperature raising and lowering procedure is as follows: heating the mixture from room temperature to 250 ℃ at the speed of 8-10 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 30-40 min; raising the temperature to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 10-15 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 30-40 min; then, heating to 730-770 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-8 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 50-60 min; standing, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the cement-based porous filter material prepared from the waste circuit board nonmetal powder.
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| DE3002227A1 (en) * | 1980-01-23 | 1981-07-30 | Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk AG, 5000 Köln | Printed circuit board waste material recovery - cutting up and granulating with metal separation followed by grinding remaining granules and forming impregnating paste |
| JPH0829365B2 (en) * | 1987-08-28 | 1996-03-27 | 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 | Die cushion device for press machine |
| JPH1176980A (en) * | 1997-09-10 | 1999-03-23 | Hitachi Ltd | Treatment of printed board |
| CN102161802B (en) * | 2010-02-24 | 2013-03-13 | 郭玉文 | Waste printed circuit board nonmetal powder/polyvinyl chloride composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103951338B (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2016-02-24 | 清华大学 | A kind of waste printed circuit board nonmetal powder is non-burning brick and preparation method thereof |
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