CN110451508A - A kind of preparation method of coal base mesoporous activated carbon - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of coal base mesoporous activated carbon Download PDFInfo
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- CN110451508A CN110451508A CN201910738788.9A CN201910738788A CN110451508A CN 110451508 A CN110451508 A CN 110451508A CN 201910738788 A CN201910738788 A CN 201910738788A CN 110451508 A CN110451508 A CN 110451508A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/342—Preparation characterised by non-gaseous activating agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/342—Preparation characterised by non-gaseous activating agents
- C01B32/348—Metallic compounds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of coal base mesoporous activated carbon, comprising: crushes raw coal, obtains coal dust, coal dust, activator, ethyl alcohol and ball milling ball are added in planetary ball mill and carry out ball milling, obtains mixed material;The mixed material after ball milling is activated in a nitrogen atmosphere, the material after must activating;Material after activation is added in supercritical device, impregnates in supercritical acetone-water system, then filters, is washed, it is dry, ultrasound in alkaline solution is added in the material after drying and is impregnated;Material filtering after ultrasound is impregnated, it is dry, it is subsequently placed in the glass jar of sealing, is irradiated using electron beam irradiation, is then washed with water, dry, obtain active carbon from coal.The coal base mesoporous activated carbon specific surface area with higher and higher mesoporous rate that preparation method through the invention obtains, while the coal base mesoporous activated carbon is higher to the adsorptive value of methylene blue.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to active carbon preparation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of preparation method of coal base mesoporous activated carbon.
Background technique
Active carbon is a kind of carbon material adsorbing material with abundant pore structure and huge specific surface area, it has absorption
Property strong, good chemical stability, be widely used in industry, agricultural, national defence, traffic, medical and health, environmental protection
Equal fields, recently as the increasingly raising of environmental protection requirement, the demand of domestic and international active carbon is increasing, active carbon
Development also more and more rapidly.On the one hand the especially development of coaly activated carbon, reason are the reserves ten due to coal resources
It is point abundant, cost is relatively low, be on the other hand maturation and progress due to active carbon from coal technology, so that being made using coal as raw material
The research of standby active carbon is also more and more prominent.
Mesoporous activated carbon is good to the absorption property of macromolecular particle material, therefore mesoporous activated carbon is in water process, food
The fields such as decoloration and catalyst carrier have a wide range of applications.Preparing mesoporous activated carbon using coal has resourceful, preparation
The advantages such as excellent effect, but the problems such as the mesopore activated carbon prepared in the prior art is low there are mesoporous, cause with coal for original
Material prepares active carbon and does not embody efficient utilization to energy substance coal.
Summary of the invention
It is excellent it is an object of the invention to solve at least the above problems and/or defect, and provide at least to will be described later
Point.
In order to realize these purposes and other advantages according to the present invention, a kind of system of coal base mesoporous activated carbon is provided
Preparation Method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: raw coal is crushed, coal dust is obtained, planetary type ball-milling is added in coal dust, activator, ethyl alcohol and ball milling ball
Ball milling is carried out in machine, obtains mixed material;
Step 2: be in a nitrogen atmosphere activated the mixed material after ball milling, the material after must activating,
In, the temperature-rise period of activation processing are as follows: be warming up to 150~200 DEG C with the speed of 10~15 DEG C/min, keep the temperature 5~10min, so
400~600 DEG C are warming up to the speed of 5~10 DEG C/min afterwards, 10~15min is kept the temperature, then with the speed liter of 1~2 DEG C/min
Temperature keeps the temperature 10~15min to 800~900 DEG C, completes activation;
Step 3: the material after activation is added in supercritical device, in temperature be 360 DEG C~380 DEG C and pressure is 10
45~60min is impregnated in the supercritical acetone-water system of~18MPa, is then filtered, and is washed, it is dry, by the material after drying
Ultrasound in alkaline solution is added to impregnate;Material filtering after ultrasound is impregnated, it is dry, it is subsequently placed in the glass jar of sealing, adopts
It is irradiated with electron beam irradiation, is then washed with water, dried, obtain active carbon from coal.
Preferably, the activator is ammonium nitrate or potassium carbonate.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the coal dust and activator is 1:0.5~1.5;The mass ratio of the coal dust and ethyl alcohol
For 1:2~4.
Preferably, the ball milling ball uses silicon carbide material;The ball milling ball includes big ball, middle ball and bead, big ball
Bulb diameter is 12mm, and middle ball bulb diameter is 8mm, and bead bulb diameter is 5mm, and big ball, middle ball and pellet quality ratio are 7:5:3.
Preferably, the mass ratio of ball milling ball and coal dust is 15~25:1, and the ball mill mixing time is 3~5h, rotational speed of ball-mill
For 200~300r/min.
Preferably, in the step 3, the volume ratio of acetone and water is 3:1 in supercritical acetone-water system.
Preferably, in the step 3, the voltage range that is irradiated: 10~60MeV, digit rate range: 10~
50mA, irradiation dose range: 200~800kGy.
Preferably, in the step 3, the concentration of alkaline solution is 1~3mol/L;The alkaline solution is vulcanization
The aqueous solution of potassium, urea and ethylenediamine;The weight ratio of the potassium sulfide, urea and ethylenediamine is 1:3~5:1.
Preferably, described to entering to be passed through ammonia in alkaline solution during ultrasound is impregnated in the step 3
The Ventilation Rate of ammonia is 120~150mL/min.
Preferably, in the step 3, the frequency that ultrasound is impregnated is 80~120kHz.
The present invention is include at least the following beneficial effects: the coal base mesoporous activated carbon that preparation method through the invention obtains
Specific surface area with higher and higher mesoporous rate, while the coal base mesoporous activated carbon is higher to the adsorptive value of methylene blue.
Further advantage, target and feature of the invention will be partially reflected by the following instructions, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Specific embodiment:
The present invention is described in further detail below, to enable those skilled in the art's refer to the instruction text can
Implement accordingly.
It should be appreciated that such as " having ", "comprising" and " comprising " term used herein do not allot one or more
The presence or addition of a other elements or combinations thereof.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of preparation method of coal base mesoporous activated carbon, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: raw coal is crushed, coal dust is obtained, planetary type ball-milling is added in coal dust, activator, ethyl alcohol and ball milling ball
Ball milling is carried out in machine, obtains mixed material;The activator is ammonium nitrate;The mass ratio of the coal dust and activator is 1:
0.5;The mass ratio of the coal dust and ethyl alcohol is 1:2;The ball milling ball uses silicon carbide material;The ball milling ball include big ball,
Middle ball and bead, big ball bulb diameter are 12mm, and middle ball bulb diameter is 8mm, and bead bulb diameter is 5mm, big ball, middle ball and bead
Mass ratio is 7:5:3;The mass ratio of ball milling ball and coal dust is 25:1, and the ball mill mixing time is 5h, rotational speed of ball-mill 300r/
min;
Step 2: be in a nitrogen atmosphere activated the mixed material after ball milling, the material after must activating,
In, the temperature-rise period of activation processing are as follows: be warming up to 200 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min, 10min kept the temperature, then with 10 DEG C/min
Speed be warming up to 600 DEG C, keep the temperature 15min, be then warming up to 900 DEG C with the speed of 1 DEG C/min, keep the temperature 10min, complete to live
Change;Each temperature level can adequately be utilized using gradient increased temperature, keep activation effect more excellent;
Step 3: the material after activation is added in supercritical device, in temperature be 370 DEG C and pressure is the super of 14MPa
45min is impregnated in critical acetone-water system, is then filtered, and is washed, it is dry, the material after drying is added in alkaline solution and is surpassed
Sound impregnates;Material filtering after ultrasound is impregnated, it is dry, it is subsequently placed in the glass jar of sealing, using electron beam irradiation
It is irradiated, is then washed with water, dried, obtain active carbon from coal;Acetone and water in the supercritical acetone-water system
Volume ratio is 3:1;The voltage range irradiated: 20MeV, digit rate range: 15mA, irradiation dose range: 800kGy;
The concentration of the alkaline solution is 3mol/L;The alkaline solution is the aqueous solution of potassium sulfide, urea and ethylenediamine;The sulphur
The weight ratio for changing potassium, urea and ethylenediamine is 1:3:1;To work by the way of supercritical acetone-water system and electron beam irradiation
Property charcoal is handled, and be can be further improved the mesoporous rate of active carbon, is improved its adsorptive value to methylene blue.
After tested, the specific surface area of the coal base mesoporous activated carbon of embodiment preparation is 1758.25m2/ g, mesoporous
98.4%, methylene blue adsorption value 885.58mg/g.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of preparation method of coal base mesoporous activated carbon, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: raw coal is crushed, coal dust is obtained, planetary type ball-milling is added in coal dust, activator, ethyl alcohol and ball milling ball
Ball milling is carried out in machine, obtains mixed material;The activator is ammonium nitrate;The mass ratio of the coal dust and activator is 1:1;
The mass ratio of the coal dust and ethyl alcohol is 1:3;The ball milling ball uses silicon carbide material;The ball milling ball includes big ball, middle ball
And bead, big ball bulb diameter are 12mm, middle ball bulb diameter is 8mm, and bead bulb diameter is 5mm, big ball, middle ball and pellet quality
Than for 7:5:3;The mass ratio of ball milling ball and coal dust is 25:1, and the ball mill mixing time is 5h, rotational speed of ball-mill 300r/min;
Step 2: be in a nitrogen atmosphere activated the mixed material after ball milling, the material after must activating,
In, the temperature-rise period of activation processing are as follows: be warming up to 150 DEG C with the speed of 15 DEG C/min, 10min kept the temperature, then with 5 DEG C/min
Speed be warming up to 600 DEG C, keep the temperature 15min, be then warming up to 850 DEG C with the speed of 2 DEG C/min, keep the temperature 10min, complete to live
Change;
Step 3: the material after activation is added in supercritical device, in temperature be 380 DEG C and pressure is the super of 12MPa
60min is impregnated in critical acetone-water system, is then filtered, and is washed, it is dry, the material after drying is added in alkaline solution and is surpassed
Sound impregnates;Material filtering after ultrasound is impregnated, it is dry, it is subsequently placed in the glass jar of sealing, using electron beam irradiation
It is irradiated, is then washed with water, dried, obtain active carbon from coal;Acetone and water in the supercritical acetone-water system
Volume ratio is 3:1;The voltage range irradiated: 40MeV, digit rate range: 20mA, irradiation dose range: 700kGy;
The concentration of the alkaline solution is 2mol/L;The alkaline solution is the aqueous solution of potassium sulfide, urea and ethylenediamine;The sulphur
The weight ratio for changing potassium, urea and ethylenediamine is 1:5:1.
After tested, the specific surface area of the coal base mesoporous activated carbon of embodiment preparation is 1787.68m2/ g, mesoporous
99.1%, methylene blue adsorption value 892.36mg/g.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of preparation method of coal base mesoporous activated carbon, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: raw coal is crushed, coal dust is obtained, planetary type ball-milling is added in coal dust, activator, ethyl alcohol and ball milling ball
Ball milling is carried out in machine, obtains mixed material;The activator is ammonium nitrate;The mass ratio of the coal dust and activator is 1:
1.5;The mass ratio of the coal dust and ethyl alcohol is 1:4;The ball milling ball uses silicon carbide material;The ball milling ball include big ball,
Middle ball and bead, big ball bulb diameter are 12mm, and middle ball bulb diameter is 8mm, and bead bulb diameter is 5mm, big ball, middle ball and bead
Mass ratio is 7:5:3;The mass ratio of ball milling ball and coal dust is 20:1, and the ball mill mixing time is 4h, rotational speed of ball-mill 250r/
min;
Step 2: be in a nitrogen atmosphere activated the mixed material after ball milling, the material after must activating,
In, the temperature-rise period of activation processing are as follows: be warming up to 180 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min, 10min kept the temperature, then with 5 DEG C/min
Speed be warming up to 500 DEG C, keep the temperature 15min, be then warming up to 800 DEG C with the speed of 1 DEG C/min, keep the temperature 10min, complete to live
Change;
Step 3: the material after activation is added in supercritical device, in temperature be 380 DEG C and pressure is the super of 12MPa
60min is impregnated in critical acetone-water system, is then filtered, and is washed, it is dry, the material after drying is added in alkaline solution and is surpassed
Sound impregnates;Material filtering after ultrasound is impregnated, it is dry, it is subsequently placed in the glass jar of sealing, using electron beam irradiation
It is irradiated, is then washed with water, dried, obtain active carbon from coal;Acetone and water in the supercritical acetone-water system
Volume ratio is 3:1;The voltage range irradiated: 50MeV, digit rate range: 30mA, irradiation dose range: 600kGy;
The concentration of the alkaline solution is 1mol/L;The alkaline solution is the aqueous solution of potassium sulfide, urea and ethylenediamine;The sulphur
The weight ratio for changing potassium, urea and ethylenediamine is 1:3:1.
After tested, the specific surface area of the coal base mesoporous activated carbon of embodiment preparation is 1769.35m2/ g, mesoporous
98.6%, methylene blue adsorption value 890.36mg/g.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of preparation method of coal base mesoporous activated carbon, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: raw coal is crushed, coal dust is obtained, planetary type ball-milling is added in coal dust, activator, ethyl alcohol and ball milling ball
Ball milling is carried out in machine, obtains mixed material;The activator is ammonium nitrate;The mass ratio of the coal dust and activator is 1:1;
The mass ratio of the coal dust and ethyl alcohol is 1:3;The ball milling ball uses silicon carbide material;The ball milling ball includes big ball, middle ball
And bead, big ball bulb diameter are 12mm, middle ball bulb diameter is 8mm, and bead bulb diameter is 5mm, big ball, middle ball and pellet quality
Than for 7:5:3;The mass ratio of ball milling ball and coal dust is 25:1, and the ball mill mixing time is 5h, rotational speed of ball-mill 300r/min;
Step 2: be in a nitrogen atmosphere activated the mixed material after ball milling, the material after must activating,
In, the temperature-rise period of activation processing are as follows: be warming up to 150 DEG C with the speed of 15 DEG C/min, 10min kept the temperature, then with 5 DEG C/min
Speed be warming up to 600 DEG C, keep the temperature 15min, be then warming up to 850 DEG C with the speed of 2 DEG C/min, keep the temperature 10min, complete to live
Change;
Step 3: the material after activation is added in supercritical device, in temperature be 380 DEG C and pressure is the super of 12MPa
60min is impregnated in critical acetone-water system, is then filtered, and is washed, it is dry, the material after drying is added in alkaline solution and is surpassed
Sound impregnates, and to entering to be passed through ammonia in alkaline solution during ultrasound is impregnated, the Ventilation Rate of the ammonia is 120mL/
min;The frequency that ultrasound is impregnated is 120kHz;Material filtering after ultrasound is impregnated, it is dry, it is subsequently placed in the glass jar of sealing
In, it is irradiated using electron beam irradiation, is then washed with water, dried, obtain active carbon from coal;Described overcritical third
The volume ratio of acetone and water is 3:1 in ketone-aqueous systems;The voltage range irradiated: 40MeV, digit rate range:
20mA, irradiation dose range: 700kGy;The concentration of the alkaline solution is 2mol/L;The alkaline solution is potassium sulfide, urine
The aqueous solution of element and ethylenediamine;The weight ratio of the potassium sulfide, urea and ethylenediamine is 1:5:1.
After tested, the specific surface area of the coal base mesoporous activated carbon of embodiment preparation is 1885.38m2/ g, mesoporous
99.6%, methylene blue adsorption value 902.78mg/g.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of preparation method of coal base mesoporous activated carbon, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: raw coal is crushed, coal dust is obtained, planetary type ball-milling is added in coal dust, activator, ethyl alcohol and ball milling ball
Ball milling is carried out in machine, obtains mixed material;The activator is ammonium nitrate;The mass ratio of the coal dust and activator is 1:
1.5;The mass ratio of the coal dust and ethyl alcohol is 1:4;The ball milling ball uses silicon carbide material;The ball milling ball include big ball,
Middle ball and bead, big ball bulb diameter are 12mm, and middle ball bulb diameter is 8mm, and bead bulb diameter is 5mm, big ball, middle ball and bead
Mass ratio is 7:5:3;The mass ratio of ball milling ball and coal dust is 20:1, and the ball mill mixing time is 4h, rotational speed of ball-mill 250r/
min;
Step 2: be in a nitrogen atmosphere activated the mixed material after ball milling, the material after must activating,
In, the temperature-rise period of activation processing are as follows: be warming up to 180 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min, 10min kept the temperature, then with 5 DEG C/min
Speed be warming up to 500 DEG C, keep the temperature 15min, be then warming up to 800 DEG C with the speed of 1 DEG C/min, keep the temperature 10min, complete to live
Change;
Step 3: the material after activation is added in supercritical device, in temperature be 380 DEG C and pressure is the super of 12MPa
60min is impregnated in critical acetone-water system, is then filtered, and is washed, it is dry, the material after drying is added in alkaline solution and is surpassed
Sound impregnates, and to entering to be passed through ammonia in alkaline solution during ultrasound is impregnated, the Ventilation Rate of the ammonia is 150mL/
min;The frequency that ultrasound is impregnated is 100kHz;Material filtering after ultrasound is impregnated, it is dry, it is subsequently placed in the glass jar of sealing
In, it is irradiated using electron beam irradiation, is then washed with water, dried, obtain active carbon from coal;Described overcritical third
The volume ratio of acetone and water is 3:1 in ketone-aqueous systems;The voltage range irradiated: 50MeV, digit rate range:
30mA, irradiation dose range: 600kGy;The concentration of the alkaline solution is 1mol/L;The alkaline solution is potassium sulfide, urine
The aqueous solution of element and ethylenediamine;The weight ratio of the potassium sulfide, urea and ethylenediamine is 1:3:1.
After tested, the specific surface area of the coal base mesoporous activated carbon of embodiment preparation is 1888.75m2/ g, mesoporous
99.7%, methylene blue adsorption value 906.45mg/g.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its institute not only in the description and the implementation
Column use, it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can hold
It changes places and realizes other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously
It is not limited to specific details.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of coal base mesoporous activated carbon, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: raw coal is crushed, obtain coal dust, by coal dust, activator, ethyl alcohol and ball milling ball be added planetary ball mill in into
Row ball milling, obtains mixed material;
Step 2: the mixed material after ball milling is activated in a nitrogen atmosphere, the material after must activating, wherein living
Change the temperature-rise period of processing are as follows: be warming up to 150~200 DEG C with the speed of 10~15 DEG C/min, 5~10min kept the temperature, then with 5
The speed of~10 DEG C/min is warming up to 400~600 DEG C, keeps the temperature 10~15min, is then warming up to the speed of 1~2 DEG C/min
800~900 DEG C, 10~15min is kept the temperature, completes activation;
Step 3: the material after activation is added in supercritical device, temperature be 360 DEG C~380 DEG C and pressure be 10~
45~60min is impregnated in the supercritical acetone-water system of 18MPa, is then filtered, and is washed, it is dry, the material after drying is added
Ultrasound is impregnated in alkaline solution;Material filtering after ultrasound is impregnated, it is dry, it is subsequently placed in the glass jar of sealing, using electricity
Beamlet irradiation devices are irradiated, and are then washed with water, and drying obtains active carbon from coal.
2. the preparation method of coal base mesoporous activated carbon as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the activator is ammonium nitrate
Or potassium carbonate.
3. the preparation method of coal base mesoporous activated carbon as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the coal dust and activator
Mass ratio is 1:0.5~1.5;The mass ratio of the coal dust and ethyl alcohol is 1:2~4.
4. the preparation method of coal base mesoporous activated carbon as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the ball milling ball is using carbonization
Silicon material;The ball milling ball includes big ball, middle ball and bead, and big ball bulb diameter is 12mm, and middle ball bulb diameter is 8mm, bead ball
Diameter is 5mm, and big ball, middle ball and pellet quality ratio are 7:5:3.
5. the preparation method of coal base mesoporous activated carbon as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the quality of ball milling ball and coal dust
Than for 15~25:1, the ball mill mixing time is 3~5h, rotational speed of ball-mill is 200~300r/min.
6. the preparation method of coal base mesoporous activated carbon as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that super to face in the step 3
The volume ratio of acetone and water is 3:1 in boundary's acetone-water system.
7. the preparation method of coal base mesoporous activated carbon as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 3, carry out
The voltage range of irradiation: 10~60MeV, digit rate range: 10~50mA, irradiation dose range: 200~800kGy.
8. the preparation method of coal base mesoporous activated carbon as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 3, alkalinity
The concentration of solution is 1~3mol/L;The alkaline solution is the aqueous solution of potassium sulfide, urea and ethylenediamine;The potassium sulfide, urine
The weight ratio of element and ethylenediamine is 1:3~5:1.
9. the preparation method of coal base mesoporous activated carbon as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 3, super
Sound impregnate during to entering to be passed through ammonia in alkaline solution, the Ventilation Rate of the ammonia is 120~150mL/min.
10. the preparation method of coal base mesoporous activated carbon as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 3, ultrasound
The frequency of immersion is 80~120kHz.
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CN112642398A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-04-13 | 江西艾斯新材料科技有限公司 | Novel honeycomb molecular adsorption material and preparation method thereof |
CN112758929A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-05-07 | 上海大学材料基因组工程(萍乡)研究院 | Waste activated carbon regeneration method |
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CN101695995A (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2010-04-21 | 上海交通大学 | Carbon nano tube with grafted amine functional groups and preparation method |
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CN112758929A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-05-07 | 上海大学材料基因组工程(萍乡)研究院 | Waste activated carbon regeneration method |
CN112758929B (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2023-05-23 | 上海大学材料基因组工程(萍乡)研究院 | Waste activated carbon regeneration method |
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