CN110445215A - Battery charger - Google Patents
Battery charger Download PDFInfo
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- CN110445215A CN110445215A CN201910748146.7A CN201910748146A CN110445215A CN 110445215 A CN110445215 A CN 110445215A CN 201910748146 A CN201910748146 A CN 201910748146A CN 110445215 A CN110445215 A CN 110445215A
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- battery
- charge
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- current
- charging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
- H02J7/007184—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage in response to battery voltage gradient
Abstract
The application is entitled " battery charger ".A kind of battery charger 10, it includes the battery charger controller 14 for being configured to determine total charging time 24, characterized by the total charging time 24 time required for be charged to battery 6, state-of-charge (SOC) of the total charging time based on the battery received, the SOC is characterized by the current SOC of battery.Battery charger controller 14 can also be configured to determine the charging time started 26 of battery 6 based on scheduled fully charged time 18 and total charging time 24.
Description
The application is the Chinese patent application of entitled " battery charger " submitted on March 10th, 2014
The divisional application of (201480012910.X PCT/US2014/022319).
Technical field
This application involves the battery chargers including battery charger controller.
Background technique
Portable electronic device is battery powered, which is based on chemical reaction and generates voltage.As battery is to portable
Electronic equipment provides electric power, and battery provides the reduced capability of electric power.To portable electronic device provide electric power many batteries be
It is rechargeable.However, precipitating may be formed inside the electrolyte of battery by charging to this battery, which may press down
Ion transmission processed, to increase the interior resistance of battery.The increase of interior resistance reduces the ability of battery unit conveying electric current.Cause
This, carries out battery to recharge the total capacity that may be decreased battery.
Summary of the invention
One example is related to including the battery charger for being configured to determine the battery charger controller of total charging time, this is total
Charging time is characterized by charging the battery the required time.Total charging time can be based on the charged of the battery received
State (SOC), the SOC is characterized by the current SOC of battery.Battery charger controller can also be configured to based on current time,
Scheduled fully charged and total charging time determines the charging time started of battery.
Another example is related to the non-transitory machine readable media for executing a kind of instruction of method.This method can
To include the total charging time for determining battery based on the SOC of the battery received, the SOC is with the current SOC feature of battery.Battery
Total charging time is also based on the battery time constant of battery, the battery time constant with the resistance of the equivalent circuit of battery and
The product of capacitor is characterized.This method can also include the charging of delay battery until the time started of charging, when which starts
Between be based on total charging time and scheduled fully charged time.
Another example be related to include battery pack batter-charghing system, which includes battery.Batter-charghing system is also
It may include the battery gauge (batterygauge) for being configured to determine the current state-of-charge (SOC) of battery.Battery charging
System, which may further include, to be configured to provide the battery charger of charging signals to battery pack.Battery charger may include
It is configured to battery-based battery time constant and fully charged capacity determines constant current-constant voltage transfer point of battery
The battery charger controller of (transition point).Battery time constant can be with the resistance and capacitor of the equivalent circuit of battery
Product be characterized.Battery charger controller can also be configured to battery-based current SOC, battery time constant and battery
Fully charged capacity determines the total charging time of battery.Battery charger controller can further be configured to be based on total charging time
The charging time started is determined with scheduled fully charged time.Battery charger controller can also further be configured to control charging
Signal so that the current SOC of battery be maintained before the time started of charging and the current SOC of battery charging the time started it
It is increased so that the current SOC of battery in scheduled fully charged time about 100% afterwards.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 illustrates the example of batter-charghing system.
Fig. 2 illustrates the full charge of time to battery for describing to be drawn into the function of state-of-charge of battery
The example of figure.
Fig. 3 illustrates the experiment knot to the full charge of time for describing to be drawn into the function of state-of-charge of battery
The example of the figure of fruit.
Fig. 4 illustrates the function graft drawn the error of the curve in Fig. 3 and depict the state-of-charge of battery as.
Fig. 5 illustrates the experiment knot to the full charge of time for describing to be drawn into the function of state-of-charge of battery
Another example of the figure of fruit.
Fig. 6 illustrates the function graft that the error of the curve in Fig. 5 is depicted as to the state-of-charge of battery.
Fig. 7 illustrates the experiment knot to the full charge of time for describing to be drawn into the function of state-of-charge of battery
The another example of the figure of fruit.
Fig. 8 illustrates the function graft that the error of the curve in Fig. 7 is depicted as to the state-of-charge of battery.
Fig. 9 illustrates the flow chart of the exemplary method for charging to battery.
Figure 10 illustrates the example of battery charger.
Figure 11 illustrates the another example of the flow chart of the instance method for charging to battery.
Specific embodiment
Battery charger may include the battery charger controller that can control battery and how and when be electrically charged.Specifically,
After battery charger to be connected to external power supply (for example, power outlets), battery charger controller can postpone battery
Charging, until reaching the charging time started.Charge the time started can according to the scheduled fully charged time of battery and
Total charging time determines.By this method, battery can be reduced at or approximately at the time of fully charged state, this can prolong
The service life of long battery.
Fig. 1 illustrates the example of batter-charghing system 2.Batter-charghing system 2 may include battery gauge 4, amount of batteries
Table 4 can determine the state-of-charge (SOC) of rechargeable battery (it is briefly termed as battery 6).Batter-charghing system 2 can be with
It is used for such as radio telephone, smart phone, laptop computer, tablet computer, automobile (for example, electric car) or needs
Electric energy is come the substantially any portable device that operates.
In some instances, battery gauge 4 can integrate together with the battery pack 8 of storage battery.In other examples, electric
Pond scale 4 can be separated with battery pack 8.The SOC of battery 6 can (or near real-time) variation in real time.In order to determine battery 6
SOC, battery gauge 4 can be configured at each sampling period in multiple sampling periods constantly to the electricity of battery 6
Press VBATIt is sampled, to be based on voltage VBAT, battery 6 temperature, with the associated tentation data of stable state and relative to battery 6
The transient behavior of battery 6 of depth of discharge (DOD) (depth of discharge) battery 6 is provided at each sampling period
SOC.In the example of fig. 1, battery 6 is represented as single battery.It is to be understood, however, that battery 6 can indicate to connect
Multiple batteries (or battery unit) of ground electrical connection, so that voltage VBATIt can indicate the integrated voltage of all batteries.Thus, by
The SOC that battery gauge 4 calculates can be the average SOC of multiple batteries.
The SOC of battery 6 can be provided to battery charger 10.In some instances, battery charger 10 can be by reality
It applies to be such as couple to the hardware of discrete circuit component (for example, integrated circuit (IC) chip).In some instances, battery charges
(such as, device 10 (or some components of battery charger 10) may be implemented as being stored in non-transitory computer-readable medium
Memory 12) in machine readable instructions, wherein the accessible memory 12 of processing unit (for example, processor cores) and execute
Machine readable instructions.In other other examples, battery charger 10 may be implemented as the combination of hardware and software, all
Such as, firmware.
After batter-charghing system 2 connects (for example, " insertion ") to power supply (for example, external power supply), battery charger 10
It can receive electric power signal (" electric power signal " is marked as in Fig. 1).As an example, power supply can be 110 volts (V)
Power supply or 220V power supply (for example, electrical socket).In another example, power supply can be 5V direct current (DC) power supply (for example, general string
Row bus (USB) connection).Electric power signal can be signal corresponding with the signal provided at power supply.For example, showing some
In example, electric power signal can be the version (version) for gradually reducing and rectifying of the signal provided by power supply (for example, 12V
DC signal).In other examples, electric power signal can be the signal (for example, 5V DC signal) of the transmitting at power supply.It is inciting somebody to action
When battery charger 10 being connected to external power supply or close to the time, the initial SOC that can receive battery 6 (is labeled in Fig. 1
For " SOC ").The initial SOC can indicate the current SOC (SOC of battery when connectionP)。
Charging signals (" charging signals " are marked as in Fig. 1) can be provided via battery pack 8 and be arrived by battery charger 10
Battery 6 simultaneously controls the signal.In response to charging signals, battery 6 can be electrically charged with set rate.Also, battery gauge 4 can be with
Feedback of the SOC of battery 6 as charging signals is provided.As will be explained herein, by controlling charging signals, the SOC of battery 6 can
To be increased to about 100%.At about 100% SOC, battery 6 is considered in fully charged state.Also, electricity
Pond 6 can have the fully charged capacity (FCC) of battery 6, which initially may be approximately equal to about 100% SOC of battery 6.
However, the capacity passage at any time due to battery 6 is degenerated (since recharge causes), about 100% SOC of battery 6 and
Difference between the FCC of battery 6 can increase.The FCC of battery 6 can be the scheduled survey with milliampere per hour (mA/h) for unit
Magnitude.
6 charging signals of battery can be controlled by the battery charger controller 14 of battery charger 10.In some instances, it charges
Device controller 14 may be implemented as such as IC chip (for example, specific integrated circuit (ASIC) chip).In other examples, it fills
Appliance controller 14 may be implemented as the microcontroller (for example, firmware) with insertion instruction.In other examples, charger
Controller 14 may include processing unit (for example, processor cores) and non-transitory machine readable media such as store machine can
The memory 12 executed instruction.In this case, memory 12 may be implemented as volatile memory (for example, depositing at random
Access to memory (RAM)), nonvolatile memory (for example, solid state drive, flash memory, hard disk drive etc.) or its group
It closes.Also, in this example, the accessible memory 12 of processing unit and execute machine readable instructions.
For many batteries (for example, lithium ion battery), battery 6 is in about 100% SOC (for example, at or approximately at electricity
The FCC in pond 6) time it is longer, the total capacity of battery 6 is more degenerated.For example, if battery 6 is maintained at or approaches about 100%
SOC, then the SOC for being maintained at about 50% than battery is degraded faster by the charging capacity of battery 6.Therefore, battery charger
10 can be configured to limit the percentage of the time for the SOC that battery 6 was maintained at or approached about 100%, to extend the service life
(for example, the degradation ratio for reducing battery 6).
Battery charger 10 may include battery data 16, and battery data 16 can be characterized by the information in relation to battery 6.
Battery data 16 can be stored, such as be stored in memory 12.Battery data 16 may include the fully charged of battery 6
Time 18.Fully charged time 18 can be battery 6 to time (the time of in the daytime of the SOC at or approximately at about 100%
day).In some instances, fully charged time 18 can be set, for example, (being marked as in Fig. 1 in response to user's input
" user's input ") it is arranged.For example, be embodied in the example on smart phone in battery charger 10, user can be via
Fully charged time 18 is arranged in graphic user interface (GUI).In given example, the fully charged time 18 of battery 6 can
To be arranged to morning 7:00.Also, in given example, fully charged time 18 can indicate the time in morning, at this
Between portable electronic device (for example, radio telephone) usually require be in fully charged state (for example, workaday beginning).In
In some examples, fully charged time 18 can be set to indicate that the setting that battery 6 is charged immediately by user's input.
Battery 6 can have equivalent circuit, which can be modeled as and the concatenated resistor of capacitor.Battery
Data 16 can also include battery time constant (τ) 20, and battery time constant (τ) 20 can be with the resistance and capacitor of equivalent circuit
Product (for example, RC time constant of battery 6) be characterized.In some instances, battery time constant (τ) 20 can be from being used for
It is formed in the experimental data of the equivalent circuit of battery 6 and is obtained.In some instances, battery time constant (τ) 20 can be fixation
Value, which can be based on the physical attribute of battery 6.In other examples, battery time constant (τ) 20 can be used as battery
The function of 6 temperature and change.
The charging signals for being provided to battery charger 10 can have three kinds of different conditions.In a first state, charging letter
Number the SOC of battery 6 can be maintained to current SOC (SOCP).Therefore, in a first state, charging signals are by that can maintain
The SOC of the battery 6 but not electric current of SOC for dramatically increasing battery 6 provides.As an example, in a first state, charging signals
It can be supplied intermittently, so that the SOC of battery 6 increases relatively small amount (for example, about 2% or less), and then charging letter
It number is terminated until the SOC of battery 6 returns to previous SOC.By this method, 6 charging system 2 of battery may insure to charge when battery
When device 10 is connected to power supply, the SOC of battery 6 is not reduced.
In addition, in the second state, charging signals can be provided with constant current.Also, it at certain time points, fills
Electric signal, which can be switched to, provides the third state of constant voltage.Cutting between the second state and the third state of charging signals
Constant current-constant voltage (CC/CV) transfer point 22 can be referred to as by changing, and can be the specific SOC of battery 6.For determination
CC/CV transfer point 22, battery charger controller 14 can use equation 1.
Equation 1:
Wherein τ is the battery time constant 20 of battery 6；SOCCVIt is SOC of the battery 6 at CC/CV transfer point 22；IstIt is
The constant current provided during the second state of charging signals；ItapIt is the taper electricity provided after the charging termination of battery 6
It flows (taper current)；And FCC is the fully charged capacity of battery 6.
In some instances, the second state of constant current (Ist) and taper electric current (Itap) value can be battery charger
10 preset parameter.CC/CV transfer point 22 can be stored in battery data 16 by battery charger controller 14.In addition, equation 2 can
To be spy with the time quantum for being used to provide charging signals before reaching CC/CV transfer point 22 with the second state (with constant current)
Sign.
Equation 2:
Wherein tccIt is before reaching CC/CV transfer point 22 for being filled with the second state (for example, with constant current) offer
The remaining time ((in seconds) of electric signal；And SOCPIt is the current value of the SOC of battery 6.
Further, equation 3 can be to be used to after reaching CC/CV transfer point 22 with the third state (for example, with constant electricity
Pressure) time quantum of charging signals is provided.
Equation 3:
Wherein tcvIt is for (being with the second with the remaining time that the third state provides charging signals before the SOC of battery 6 is about 100%
Unit).
Fig. 2 illustrate by the full charge of time (for example, reaching the time required for the about 100%SOC of battery 6
Amount) be plotted as the battery 6 illustrated in Fig. 1 SOC function graft 50 example.Also, the point 52 on figure can be with
Indicate the CC/CV transfer point of battery 6.That is, when the SOC of battery 6 reaches about 68%, (it be can correspond in present exemplary
About 3.3 × 103Second (about 55 minutes) arrives the full charge of time), CC/CV transfer point 52 can occur.Also, in CC/
Under SOC before C V conversion point 52, charging signals can be provided (that is, being provided with constant current) with the second state, and electricity
The SOC in pond 6 and the relationship to the full charge of time with substantially linear of battery 6.After CC/CV transfer point 52, charging
Signal can be provided with the third state (for example, with constant voltage), and the SOC of battery 6 and arriving for the battery are full charge of
Time has substantially nonlinear relationship (for example, logarithmic relationship).
Referring back to Fig. 1, equation 2 can be used to determine when the SOC of battery 6 is initially in 0% with the second state (example
Such as, with constant current) provide charging signals total time, this available equation 5.In addition, equation 3 can be used to determine
The charging letter provided when the SOC of battery 6 is located near or at CC/CV transfer point 22 with the third state (for example, with constant voltage)
Number total time, this available equation 6.
Equation 5:With
Equation 6:
Wherein ttapIt is the remaining charging time of the SOC of the battery 6 from CC/CV transfer point 22 to about 100%.
For battery time constant (τ) 20, by solving equation 3, it can be deduced that equation 7.
Equation 7:
Wherein tlastIt is for the initial SOC (SOC by battery 6 from battery 6st) measurement of SOC that is charged to about 100% fills
The electric time；And SOCstLess than SOCcv。
In addition, in some instances, by measuring total charging time (ttot) 24 and use equation 7, battery charger controller 14
It can determine that battery time constant (τ) 20, battery time constant (τ) 20 can be stored in battery data 16.Show some
In example, battery time constant (τ) 20 can be the average value of the multiple battery time constants (τ) obtained from equation 7.In addition,
In some instances, complete battery 6 it is fully charged after, battery time constant (τ) 20 can be by battery charger controller 14
It is updated in battery data 16 by using equation 7.
In addition, equation 1,2 and 3 can be combined to obtain equation 8, so that total charging time (ttot) 24 can be according to electricity
Current SOC (the SOC in pond 6P) (for example, by battery charger controller 14) calculate.
Equation 8:
Wherein ttotIt is the current SOC (SOC from battery 6P) to about 100% battery 6 SOC total charging time 24.
By using replacement, equation 8 be can be extended to obtain equation 9.
Equation 9:
Therefore, battery charger controller 14 can be in response to the current SOC (SOC of reception battery 6P) counted by using equation 9
Calculate total charging time (ttot)24.Battery charger controller 14 can be by total charging time (ttot) 24 be stored in battery data 16.
In addition, in some instances, battery charger controller 14 can export total charging time letter to external system (for example, host system)
Number (" total charging time " is marked as in Fig. 1).Total charging time signal may include with total charging time (ttot) 24 be characterized
Data so that total charging time (t can be implemented in external systemtot) 24 further processing.In the case, total charging
Time signal can be by bus (for example, being couple to (I between the integrated circuit of battery charger 102C) bus) it is provided to outside
Portion's system.
Battery charger controller 14 can be based on total charging time (ttot) 24 and fully charged time 18 determine charging start when
Between 26.To determine the time started 26 of charging, battery charger controller 14 can subtract total charging time from fully charged time 18
(ttot)24.For example, being morning 7:00 and total charging time (t in fully charged time 18tot) 24 be confirmed as about 1.5 hours
In given example, the charging time started 26 can be set to about morning 5:30.The charging time started 26 can be stored in all
In battery data 16.
In addition, battery charger 10 can receive current time signal (being marked as " current time " in Fig. 1), when current
Between signal characterized by current time.In some instances, current time signal can be from external source (for example, radio communication
Tower or network server) it provides.In other examples, current time signal can be from internal component (for example, internal clocking)
Middle offer.Battery charger controller 14 can promote battery charger 10 with first state provide charging signals, so as to from it is current when
Between maintain battery 6 current SOC (SOCP) until current time it is identical as the charging time started 26 (or close to identical).Therefore,
Battery charger controller 14 can promote battery charger 10 to postpone the charging of battery 6 until the time started 26 of charging.It is opened in charging
Begin time 26 when (or later), battery charger controller 14 can promote battery charger 10 with manner described herein to battery 6
It charges.
At the charging time started 26, if the current SOC (SOC of battery 6P) it is less than CC/CV transfer point 22, then charger
Controller 14 can promote battery charger 10 to provide charging signals until reaching with the second state (for example, with constant current)
CC/CV transfer point 22.Also, after reaching CC/CV transfer point 22, battery charger controller 14 can promote battery charger 10 will
Charging signals change from the second state (for example, with constant current) to the third state (for example, with constant voltage).If battery 6
Current SOC (SOCP) be greater than or equal to CC/CV transfer point 22, then battery charger controller 14 can promote battery charger 10 with
The third state provides charging signals until the SOC of battery 6 reaches about 100% fully charged state.Reaching fully charged shape
After state, battery charger controller 14 can promote battery charger 10 to provide charging signals with first state with by the charge of battery 6
About 100% fully charged state is maintained until electric power signal is stopped, this can indicate battery charger 10 from electricity
Source disconnects (for example, being not inserted into).
By using batter-charghing system 2, battery 6 can be at or approximately at the time of about 100% fully charged state
It is reduced.This reduction can slow down the degeneration of the charging capacity of battery 6.By this method, can be with appointed desired complete
The benefit with full charge of battery can be obtained at the full charging time 18, without making battery 6 be in fully charged state
Up to the consequence (for example, battery capacity degeneration) of excessive time.In addition, the SOC of battery 6 is tieed up before the time started 26 of charging
It holds, but is not significantly increased.Therefore, after battery charger 10 is connected to power supply, the SOC of battery 6 will not be reduced, so that
User portable can be set while battery charger 10 is connected to power supply using associated with battery 6 in some examples
It is standby.
In addition, derived equation 1-9 is relatively easy and the variable (for example, parameter) of equation 1-9 is easy to get, so that battery
Charger 2 can relatively easily be implemented, without advanced mathematical technique (for example, curve matching).Further, since battery
Charging signals are switched to the third state (for example, constant from the second state (for example, constant current) at transfer point by charger 10
Voltage), battery 6 can be electrically charged with optimal rate, which, which can be referred to as, does not damage or make the " strong of the degeneration of battery 6
Health rate ".In contrast, some conventional battery chargers are only with most fast possibility rate (for example, non-optimal rate) to electricity
Pond is charged, so that the charging capacity of battery be made to degenerate.
Fig. 3-8 description this obtained experimental data from charging the battery.Particularly, Fig. 3, Fig. 5 and Fig. 7
Illustrate figure 100,110 and 120, the description of figure 100,110 and 120 will arrive the full charge of time and be plotted as battery (example
Such as, the battery 6 illustrated in Fig. 1) SOC function experimental data.Fig. 3, Fig. 5 and Fig. 7 illustrate two curves, the
One curve is described to full charge of time (" time of measuring " is marked as in Fig. 3, Fig. 5 and Fig. 7), and the time is to battery
The time quantum for the experiment measurement charged is characterized.Second curve be described to the full charge of estimation time (in Fig. 3, Fig. 5 and
" estimation time " is marked as in Fig. 7), the estimation time is with fully charged for arriving for the battery of the SOC with about 0% estimation
Time be characterized, wherein to the full charge of estimation time based on equation 9.Also, in equation 9, calculated using equation 7
The battery time constant of battery.In Fig. 3, in order to charge the battery, constant current is applied to battery with a certain rate
So that battery is fully charged within a hour, this can be referred to as the rate of about 1C.In Fig. 5, in order to electricity
Pond is charged, and constant current is applied to battery with the rate of about 1.2C, the rate of 1.2C by more than the charge rate than 1C about
20% electric current.In Fig. 7, in order to charge the battery, constant current is applied to battery, 1.8C with the rate of about 1.8C
Rate by more than the charge rate than 1C about 80% electric current.
Fig. 4,6 and 8 illustrate figure 102,112 and 122, and figure 102,112 and 122, which illustrates, is plotted as battery
SOC function percentage error (%).In Fig. 4, percentage error corresponds between the first and second curves in Fig. 3
Difference.In Fig. 6, percentage error corresponds to the difference between the first and second curves in Fig. 5.In fig. 8, error hundred
Divide than corresponding to the difference between the first and second curves in Fig. 7.As illustrated in Fig. 3-8, by using 7 He of equation
9, the estimation time for charging the battery can have high accuracy (error less than 0.5%).In addition, such as Fig. 4,6
Illustrated in 8, as the SOC of battery is close to 100%, percentage error tends to 0%.
In view of aforementioned structure described above and functional character, exemplary method is better understood with reference to Fig. 9 and Figure 11.Out
In the purpose of simplicity of explanation, although the exemplary method of Fig. 9 and Figure 11 is illustrated and described as being consecutively carried out, it is to be understood that and
It is appreciated that present exemplary is not only restricted to illustrated sequence because in other examples some behaviors can with this
The order in a different order that text shows and describes occurs and/or occurs simultaneously with the sequence being illustrated and described herein.Also, it is different
It is fixed to execute be described behavior to implement a kind of method.The exemplary method of Fig. 9 and Figure 11 may be implemented as being stored in non-face
Instruction in when property machine readable media.The instruction can be accessed by process resource and be executed to accomplish side described herein
Method.
Fig. 9 illustrates the flow chart of the exemplary method 200 for charging the battery.Method 200 can such as by
The batter-charghing system 2 that illustrates in Fig. 1 is implemented.At 210, when detecting electric power signal, battery charger (example
Such as, the battery charger 10 illustrated in Fig. 1) it can be received from battery gauge (for example, the battery 4 illustrated in Fig. 1)
The initial SOC of battery (for example, the battery 6 illustrated in Fig. 1).The initial SOC of battery can be referred to as the current SOC of battery
(SOCP).At 220, the battery charger controller (for example, the battery charger controller 14 illustrated in Fig. 1) of battery charger can
To determine the battery time constant (τ) of battery.Battery time constant (τ) can be determined such as by using equation 7.
At 230, battery charger controller can determine the CC/CV transfer point (SOC of batteryCV).In order to determine that CC/CV is converted
Point (SOCCV), battery charger controller can use such as equation 1.At 240, battery charger controller can determine always filling for battery
Electric time (ttot).In order to determine total charging time (ttot), battery charger controller can use such as equation 9.
At 250, battery charger controller can determine the charging time started.In order to determine charging time started, charger
Controller can check the fully charged time of storage and subtract total charging time from fully charged time.For example, if completely
Charging time is morning 9:30 and total charging time is 20 minutes about 2 hours, then the time started of charging can be about morning
7:10。
At 260, when charging that battery charger controller can determine whether current time is in (or being later than (past)) starts
Between.If the determination at 260 is negative (for example, no), method 200 may be advanced to 270.If at 260 really
It surely is affirmative (for example, being), then method 200 may be advanced to 280.At 270, battery charger controller be can control by battery
Charger provides the charging signals to battery and battery charger is promoted to provide charging signals with first state, so that battery is worked as
Preceding SOC (SOCP) be maintained, but do not dramatically increase.At 280, battery charger controller can promote battery charger with the second shape
State (for example, constant current) or the third state (for example, constant voltage) offer charging signals are to charge the battery, Zhi Dao electricity
The SOC in pond reaches about 100%.By using this method, battery is reduced at or approximately at the time quantum of about 100% SOC, because
For battery charging be merely deferred until reach charging the time started.
Figure 10 illustrates the example of battery charger 300.Battery charger 300 can be used to implement to illustrate in Fig. 1
The battery charger 10 of explanation.Battery charger 300 may include battery charger controller 302, and battery charger controller 302 can be through
Configuration is to determine total charging time (ttot), total charging time (ttot) characterized by charging the battery the required time.
Total charging time can the SOC (" SOC " is marked as in Figure 10) based on the battery received, the SOC is with the current SOC of battery
It is characterized.Battery charger is also based on scheduled fully charged time and when total charging time determines that the charging of battery starts
Between.
Figure 11 illustrates the example of the method 400 for charging the battery.Method 400 can by it is all as shown in figure 1
The battery charger controller 14 that illustrates is implemented.At 410, the total charging time (t of batterytot) can be based on the electricity received
The state-of-charge (SOC) in pond determines (for example, being determined by battery charger controller) that the SOC is spy with the current SOC of battery
Sign, and the total charging time (t of batterytot) it is also based on the battery time constant (τ) of battery, the battery time constant (τ)
Characterized by the product of the resistance of the equivalent circuit of battery and capacitor.At 420, the charging of battery can be delayed by (for example, by
Battery charger controller postpones) until the time started of charging, which is based on total charging time (ttot) and it is scheduled
Fully charged time.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that modification can be made to the embodiment of description, and sent out at claimed
Many other embodiments in bright range are possible.
Claims (20)
1. a kind of battery charger, it includes:
The memory of storage battery parameter, the battery parameter include the battery time constant and current state-of-charge of battery；With
And
Controller is couple to the memory and is configured as:
Based on poor, fully charged capacity, the battery time constant and the current lotus between scheduled current and taper electric current
Electricity condition determines conversion state-of-charge；
Total charging time is determined based on the battery time constant, the current state-of-charge and the conversion state-of-charge；
The charging time started is determined based on the total charging time；
Before the charging time started, the institute for the fully charged capacity for maintaining the battery to be in lower than the battery
State current state-of-charge；
The first signal associated with the scheduled current is generated, to reach after the charging time started with the battery
It charges before to the conversion state-of-charge to the battery；And
Generate associated with predetermined voltage second signal, so as to after the battery reaches the conversion state-of-charge to institute
Battery is stated to charge.
2. battery charger according to claim 1, wherein first signal promote the charging time started it
The scheduled current is provided before reaching the conversion state-of-charge with the battery afterwards to charge to the battery.
3. battery charger according to claim 1, wherein the second signal promotes to reach described turn in the battery
It changes state-of-charge and provides the predetermined voltage later to charge to the battery.
4. battery charger according to claim 1, wherein the current state-of-charge is from being couple to the battery
Scale is received, and the current state-of-charge is lower than the fully charged capacity when being received.
5. battery charger according to claim 1, wherein the controller be configured as by provide charging signals with
The current state-of-charge is increased by 2% or less and when the battery returns to the current state-of-charge described in termination
Charging signals maintain the battery to be in the current state-of-charge.
6. battery charger according to claim 1, wherein the battery pack includes lithium ion battery.
7. battery charger according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured as based on the fully charged appearance
It measures with the scheduled current and determines the battery time constant.
8. battery charger according to claim 1, wherein the battery time constant indicates the equivalent electricity of the battery
The resistance on road and the product of capacitor.
9. battery charger according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured as the root at the charging termination time
The battery time constant is updated according to following formula:
Wherein:
τ is the battery time constant of the battery；
IstIt is the constant current that the battery is provided to during the charging of battery；
ItapIt is the taper electric current provided after the charging termination of the battery；
FCC is the fully charged capacity of the battery；And
tlastBe for by the battery from initial state-of-charge i.e. SOCstIt is charged to filling for the measurement of about 100% state-of-charge
The electric time.
10. battery charger according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured as determining institute according to the following formula
State total charging time:
Wherein:
ttotIt is the total charging time of the battery；
τ is the battery time constant of the battery；
IstIt is the constant current that the battery is provided to during the charging of the battery；
ItapIt is the taper electric current provided after the charging termination of the battery；
FCC is the fully charged capacity of the battery；
SOCpIt is the current state-of-charge of the battery；And
SOCCVIt is the conversion state-of-charge of the battery.
11. a kind of battery charger, it includes:
The memory of storage battery parameter, the battery parameter include the battery time constant and current state-of-charge of battery；With
And
Controller is couple to the memory and is configured as:
Based on poor, fully charged capacity, the battery time constant and the current lotus between scheduled current and taper electric current
Electricity condition determines conversion state-of-charge；
Total charging time is determined based on the battery time constant, the current state-of-charge and the conversion state-of-charge；
The charging time started is determined based on the total charging time；
Before the charging time started, the institute for the fully charged capacity for maintaining the battery to be in lower than the battery
State current state-of-charge；
Pre-converted status signal associated with the scheduled current is generated, so as to after the charging time started and described
Battery charges to the battery before reaching the conversion state-of-charge.
12. battery charger according to claim 11, wherein the pre-converted status signal promotes to open in the charging
Reach the conversion state-of-charge with the battery after time beginning and provide the scheduled current before to carry out to the battery
Charging.
13. battery charger according to claim 11, wherein the controller is configurable to generate and predetermined voltage phase
Transition status signal after associated, to be filled after the battery reaches the conversion state-of-charge to the battery
Electricity.
14. battery charger according to claim 13, wherein transition status signal promotes to reach in the battery after described
The predetermined voltage is provided after to the conversion state-of-charge to charge to the battery.
15. battery charger according to claim 11, wherein the controller is configured as based on described fully charged
Capacity and the scheduled current determine the battery time constant.
16. a kind of battery charger, it includes:
The memory of storage battery parameter, the battery parameter include the battery time constant and current state-of-charge of battery；With
And
Controller is couple to the memory and is configured as:
Based on poor, fully charged capacity, the battery time constant and the current lotus between scheduled current and taper electric current
Electricity condition determines conversion state-of-charge；
Total charging time is determined based on the battery time constant, the current state-of-charge and the conversion state-of-charge；
The charging time started is determined based on the total charging time；
Before the charging time started, the institute for the fully charged capacity for maintaining the battery to be in lower than the battery
State current state-of-charge；And
Generate transition status signal afterwards associated with predetermined voltage, so as to the battery reach the conversion state-of-charge it
It charges afterwards to the battery.
17. battery charger according to claim 16, wherein transition status signal promotes to reach in the battery after described
The predetermined voltage is provided after to the conversion state-of-charge to charge to the battery.
18. battery charger according to claim 16, wherein the controller is configurable to generate and scheduled current phase
The associated pre-converted status signal, it is charged to reach the conversion with the battery after the charging time started
It charges before state to the battery.
19. battery charger according to claim 18, wherein the pre-converted status signal promotes to open in the charging
Reach the conversion state-of-charge with the battery after time beginning and provide the scheduled current before to carry out to the battery
Charging.
20. battery charger according to claim 16, wherein the controller is configured as based on described fully charged
Capacity and the scheduled current determine the battery time constant.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910748146.7A CN110445215B (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2014-03-10 | Battery charger |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/790,966 US10044214B2 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2013-03-08 | Battery charger |
| US13/790,966 | 2013-03-08 | ||
| CN201480012910.XA CN105027382A (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2014-03-10 | Battery charger |
| CN201910748146.7A CN110445215B (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2014-03-10 | Battery charger |
| PCT/US2014/022319 WO2014138724A1 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2014-03-10 | Battery charger |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201480012910.XA Division CN105027382A (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2014-03-10 | Battery charger |
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| CN110445215B CN110445215B (en) | 2023-07-07 |
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| CN201910748146.7A Active CN110445215B (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2014-03-10 | Battery charger |
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| CN (2) | CN105027382A (en) |
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| JP2012247339A (en) | 2011-05-30 | 2012-12-13 | Renesas Electronics Corp | Semiconductor integrated circuit and operation method therefor |
| US10044214B2 (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2018-08-07 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Battery charger |
| WO2017034950A1 (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-03-02 | The Paper Battery Company, Inc. | Charging control for supercapacitor(s) |
| US11258285B2 (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2022-02-22 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | User aware charging algorithm that reduces battery fading |
| US11221373B2 (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2022-01-11 | Pacesetter, Inc. | Method and device for detecting early battery depletion condition |
| US11239680B2 (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2022-02-01 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Battery charger |
| WO2021077271A1 (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-04-29 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Charging method, electronic device, and storage medium |
| US20220407329A1 (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-12-22 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Battery charge regulation |
| CN113820605B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-10-13 | 蜂巢能源科技(无锡)有限公司 | Correction method of battery SOC, device thereof and computer readable storage medium |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US10044214B2 (en) | 2018-08-07 |
| CN105027382A (en) | 2015-11-04 |
| US10707689B2 (en) | 2020-07-07 |
| US20140253039A1 (en) | 2014-09-11 |
| WO2014138724A1 (en) | 2014-09-12 |
| US20190013689A1 (en) | 2019-01-10 |
| CN110445215B (en) | 2023-07-07 |
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