CN110444659B - 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material with excellent polarization performance - Google Patents
0-3 type piezoelectric composite material with excellent polarization performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN110444659B CN110444659B CN201910783613.XA CN201910783613A CN110444659B CN 110444659 B CN110444659 B CN 110444659B CN 201910783613 A CN201910783613 A CN 201910783613A CN 110444659 B CN110444659 B CN 110444659B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010094 polymer processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/85—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive active materials
- H10N30/852—Composite materials, e.g. having 1-3 or 2-2 type connectivity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/85—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive active materials
- H10N30/853—Ceramic compositions
- H10N30/8548—Lead based oxides
- H10N30/8554—Lead zirconium titanate based
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/85—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive active materials
- H10N30/857—Macromolecular compositions
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of 0-3 type piezoelectric composite materials, and discloses a 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material with excellent polarization performance, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-45 parts of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic particles with an average particle size of 3um, 40-45 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder with an average particle size of 38um, 5-7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 1799) powder with an average particle size of 10um, and 8-10 parts of conductive polymer with a delocalized pi-electron conjugated system; the preparation method of the 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material comprises the following steps: firstly, uniformly mixing the raw materials by a ball milling mixing method, and then, keeping the uniformly dispersed composite system in a steel mould with the temperature of 200 ℃ and the pressure of 150MPa for hot pressing to obtain the 0-3 piezoelectric composite material. The invention solves the technical problem that the existing 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material is difficult to prepare the 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material with excellent polarization performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of 0-3 type piezoelectric composite materials, in particular to a 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material with excellent polarization performance.
Background
Piezoelectric materials are important functional materials for converting between mechanical energy (including acoustic energy) and electrical energy, and particularly play a very important role in the sensor field of information detection, conversion, processing, storage, and the like. The piezoelectric composite material is a novel piezoelectric functional material formed by compounding piezoelectric ceramics and other matrix materials in a certain communication mode, wherein the 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material represents a composite system formed by uniformly distributing piezoelectric ceramic particles (0 dimension) in 3-dimension communicated polymers. The 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material is favored in terms of the advantages of easy molding processing (only the piezoelectric ceramic powder and the polymer are mixed together, and a finished product can be obtained by a polymer processing method), good flexibility, easy preparation of a large-area sensor, good comprehensive piezoelectric performance and the like.
To obtain a 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material with excellent comprehensive performance, the key is polarization of the composite material. Many intricate influencing factors restrict the adequate polarization of the piezoelectric composite. Thus, many contradictions and difficulties are always encountered in designing and preparing piezoelectric composites. Among the more prominent problems are: how to improve the polarization performance of the 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material. The electric properties of two-phase materials in the composite material are too large, so that the polarization of the piezoelectric ceramic phase in the system is very difficult, and a high-performance composite system cannot be obtained. Increasing the dielectric constant and conductivity of the polymer is an effective way to increase the polarization of the composite. And the dielectric constant and the electric conductivity of the polymer serving as the matrix of the piezoelectric composite material are not high. The polymer matrix with the ideal polarization performance is PVDF and its copolymer, and the two polymers have high dielectric constants relative to other polymers. In practical applications, polymer matrices with good overall electrical properties are not readily available. Another approach is to reduce the dielectric constant of the piezoelectric ceramic particles, but this behavior tends to reduce the piezoelectric activity of the ceramic. It can thus be seen that it is difficult to find a composite system with higher polarization properties. To increase the polarization of the composite, an appropriate amount of conductive phase may be added to the system to improve the performance of the composite. However, when the dielectric constant of the polymer is increased by adding a conductive phase, there is a tendency that the electrical conductivity of the polymer is greatly increased so that the electrical conductivity of the ceramic is exceeded in the vicinity of the polarization temperature of the ceramic. This is disadvantageous for the polarization of the composite material. Thus, the amount of conductive phase in the polymer must not be too high, so that the dielectric constant of the polymer is not too high. By changing the state of the conductive phase in the polymer, the dielectric constant can be increased and the conductivity can be relatively reduced. The high dispersion of the conductive particles in the polymer matrix, or the attachment of the conductive phase in the polymer segments, facilitates an increase in dielectric constant and a decrease in conductivity.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) solving the technical problems
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material with excellent polarization performance, and solves the technical problem that the existing 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material is difficult to prepare and obtain the 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material with excellent polarization performance.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a0-3 type piezoelectric composite material with excellent polarization performance comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-45 parts of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic particles with an average particle size of 3um, 40-45 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder with an average particle size of 38um, 5-7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 1799) powder with an average particle size of 10um, and 8-10 parts of conductive polymer with a delocalized pi-electron conjugated system;
the preparation method of the 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material comprises the following steps: firstly, uniformly mixing the raw materials by a ball milling mixing method, and then, keeping the uniformly dispersed composite system in a steel mould with the temperature of 200 ℃ and the pressure of 150MPa for hot pressing to obtain the 0-3 piezoelectric composite material.
Preferably, the conductive polymer is Polyaniline (PANI) powder having an average particle size of 38um.
Preferably, the conductive polymer is polypyrrole (PPy).
Preferably, the conductive polymer is polythiophene (PTh) powder having an average particle size of 38um.
(III) beneficial technical effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention improves the electrical property of the base material polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder by introducing the conductive polymer with a delocalized pi electron conjugated system which has excellent electrical property and excellent compatibility with the base material polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder, and then composites with the functional enhancement phase lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic particles to obtain the piezoelectric constant d 33 34 to 38pC/N, a dielectric loss tan delta of 0.014 to 0.015, and a dielectric constant ε r Is 202 to 213, and the conductivity sigma is 10 -6 S/m 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material with excellent polarization performance.
Detailed Description
The raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples are as follows:
lead zirconate titanate (Pb (Ti) 0.48 Zr 0.52 )O 3 ，PZT) ceramic particles having an average particle diameter of 3um and a piezoelectric coefficient>400pC/N, dielectric constant>1600. Dielectric loss<0.005, conductivity 10 -7 S/m；
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder with an average particle size of 38um;
polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 1799) powder having an average particle diameter of 10um;
polyaniline (PANI) powder having an average particle diameter of 38um;
polypyrrole (PPy), liquid;
polythiophene (PTh) powder, with an average particle size of 38um.
Embodiment one:
the 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic particles with an average particle size of 3um, 40 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder with an average particle size of 38um, 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 1799) powder with an average particle size of 10um and 10 parts of Polyaniline (PANI) powder with an average particle size of 38um;
step one: 45 parts of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic particles with the average particle diameter of 3um, 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 1799) powder with the average particle diameter of 10um and 100mL of absolute ethyl alcohol are placed in a stainless steel ball grinding container, and are placed on a ball grinding instrument for ball grinding, the ball grinding rotating speed is adjusted to 300r/min, the ball grinding is carried out intermittently for 5min every 30min, and the ball grinding time is 2h, so that a primary ball grinding product is obtained;
step two: adding 10 parts of Polyaniline (PANI) powder with the average particle diameter of 38um into a primary ball-milling product, adjusting the ball-milling rotating speed to 350r/min, and carrying out ball-milling for 2 hours, wherein the ball-milling time is intermittent for 10 minutes every 30 minutes, so as to obtain a secondary ball-milling product;
step three: adding 40 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder with the average particle size of 38um into a secondary ball milling product, adjusting the ball milling rotating speed to 400r/min, and carrying out ball milling for 2 hours, wherein each ball milling time is 30min and intermittent for 20min, so as to obtain a tertiary ball milling product;
step four: drying the three ball milling products in an oven at 80 ℃ until the composite system does not contain absolute ethyl alcohol, so as to obtain a uniformly-dispersed composite system;
step five: and (3) keeping the uniformly dispersed composite system in a steel mold with the temperature of 200 ℃ and the pressure of 150MPa for hot pressing for 4 hours, and demoulding when the temperature is reduced to room temperature to obtain the 0-3 piezoelectric composite material with the phi of 12mm and the thickness of 200-300 mu m.
Embodiment two:
the 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic particles with an average particle size of 3um, 45 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder with an average particle size of 38um, 7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 1799) powder with an average particle size of 10um and 8 parts of polypyrrole (PPy);
step one: placing 40 parts of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic particles with the average particle size of 3um, 7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 1799) powder with the average particle size of 10um and 100mL of absolute ethyl alcohol into a stainless steel ball grinding container, and placing the stainless steel ball grinding container on a ball grinding instrument for ball grinding, wherein the ball grinding rotating speed is adjusted to 300r/min, the ball grinding time is intermittent for 5min every 30min, and the ball grinding time is 2h, so that a primary ball grinding product is obtained;
step two: adding 8 parts of polypyrrole (PPy) into the primary ball-milling product, adjusting the ball-milling rotating speed to 350r/min, and performing ball-milling for 2 hours, wherein the interval of each 30min of ball-milling is 10min, so as to obtain a secondary ball-milling product;
step three: adding 45 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder with the average particle size of 38um into a secondary ball milling product, adjusting the ball milling rotating speed to 400r/min, and carrying out ball milling for 2 hours, wherein each ball milling time is 30min and intermittent for 20min, so as to obtain a tertiary ball milling product;
step four: drying the three ball milling products in an oven at 80 ℃ until the composite system does not contain absolute ethyl alcohol, so as to obtain a uniformly-dispersed composite system;
step five: and (3) keeping the uniformly dispersed composite system in a steel mold with the temperature of 200 ℃ and the pressure of 150MPa for hot pressing for 4 hours, and demoulding when the temperature is reduced to room temperature to obtain the 0-3 piezoelectric composite material with the phi of 12mm and the thickness of 200-300 mu m.
Embodiment III:
the 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 42.5 parts of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic particles with an average particle diameter of 3um, 42.5 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder with an average particle diameter of 38um, 3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 1799) powder with an average particle diameter of 10um, and 12 parts of polythiophene (PTh) powder with an average particle diameter of 38um;
step one: placing 42.5 parts of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic particles with the average particle diameter of 3um, 3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 1799) powder with the average particle diameter of 10um and 100mL of absolute ethyl alcohol into a stainless steel ball grinding container, and placing the stainless steel ball grinding container on a ball grinding instrument for ball grinding, wherein the ball grinding rotating speed is adjusted to 300r/min, the ball grinding time is intermittent for 5min every 30min, and the ball grinding time is 2h, so that a primary ball grinding product is obtained;
step two: adding 12 parts of polythiophene (PTh) powder with the average particle diameter of 38um into a primary ball milling product, adjusting the ball milling rotating speed to 350r/min, and carrying out ball milling for 2 hours, wherein the ball milling time is intermittent for 10 minutes every 30 minutes, so as to obtain a secondary ball milling product;
step three: adding 42.5 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder with the average particle diameter of 38um into a secondary ball milling product, adjusting the ball milling rotating speed to 400r/min, and carrying out ball milling for 2 hours, wherein each ball milling time is 30min and intermittent for 20min, so as to obtain a tertiary ball milling product;
step four: drying the three ball milling products in an oven at 80 ℃ until the composite system does not contain absolute ethyl alcohol, so as to obtain a uniformly-dispersed composite system;
step five: and (3) keeping the uniformly dispersed composite system in a steel mold with the temperature of 200 ℃ and the pressure of 150MPa for hot pressing for 4 hours, and demoulding when the temperature is reduced to room temperature to obtain the 0-3 piezoelectric composite material with the phi of 12mm and the thickness of 200-300 mu m.
Performance test:
the 0-3 piezoelectric composite material in the examples was subjected to capacitance and dielectric loss (tan delta) tests by a precision impedance analyzer, and the dielectric constant ε was calculated r Measurement of the piezoelectric constant d of the 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material in the examples using a quasi-static measuring instrument 33 Conductivity σ of the type 0-3 piezoelectric composites in examples was measured using a conductivity tester, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Claims (1)
1. The 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material with excellent polarization performance is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
42.5 parts of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic particles with an average particle diameter of 3um, 42.5 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder with an average particle diameter of 38um, 3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 1799) powder with an average particle diameter of 10um, and 12 parts of polythiophene (PTh) powder with an average particle diameter of 38um;
the 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material comprises the following components: piezoelectric constant d 33 38pC/N, dielectric loss tan delta of 0.015, dielectric constant ε r 213, conductivity sigma of 10 -6 S/m 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material;
the 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material is manufactured by the following method:
step one: placing 42.5 parts of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic particles with the average particle diameter of 3um, 3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 1799) powder with the average particle diameter of 10um and 100mL of absolute ethyl alcohol into a stainless steel ball grinding container, and placing the stainless steel ball grinding container on a ball grinding instrument for ball grinding, wherein the ball grinding rotating speed is adjusted to 300r/min, the ball grinding time is intermittent for 5min every 30min, and the ball grinding time is 2h, so that a primary ball grinding product is obtained;
step two: adding 12 parts of polythiophene (PTh) powder with the average particle diameter of 38um into a primary ball milling product, adjusting the ball milling rotating speed to 350r/min, and carrying out ball milling for 2 hours, wherein the ball milling time is intermittent for 10 minutes every 30 minutes, so as to obtain a secondary ball milling product;
step three: adding 42.5 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder with the average particle diameter of 38um into a secondary ball milling product, adjusting the ball milling rotating speed to 400r/min, and carrying out ball milling for 2 hours, wherein each ball milling time is 30min and intermittent for 20min, so as to obtain a tertiary ball milling product;
step four: drying the three ball milling products in an oven at 80 ℃ until the composite system does not contain absolute ethyl alcohol, so as to obtain a uniformly-dispersed composite system;
step five: and (3) keeping the uniformly dispersed composite system in a steel mold with the temperature of 200 ℃ and the pressure of 150MPa for hot pressing for 4 hours, and demoulding when the temperature is reduced to room temperature to obtain the 0-3 piezoelectric composite material with the phi of 12mm and the thickness of 200-300 mu m.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101863660A (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2010-10-20 | 天津大学 | La2O3-doped lead zinc niobate-lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic |
| CN102311266A (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2012-01-11 | 同济大学 | Preparation method of (K05Na05) NbO3 (KNN) lead-free piezoelectric ceramic material |
| CN102924082A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-02-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | Manganese-doped niobium nickel-lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic and preparation method thereof |
| CN105742480A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-06 | 乐金显示有限公司 | Multilayer transformable device and a display device including the same |
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2019
- 2019-08-23 CN CN201910783613.XA patent/CN110444659B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101863660A (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2010-10-20 | 天津大学 | La2O3-doped lead zinc niobate-lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic |
| CN102311266A (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2012-01-11 | 同济大学 | Preparation method of (K05Na05) NbO3 (KNN) lead-free piezoelectric ceramic material |
| CN102924082A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-02-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | Manganese-doped niobium nickel-lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic and preparation method thereof |
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Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| Dielectric and Piezoelectric Properties of 0-3 PZT/PVDF Composite Doped with Polyaniline;Xu Renxin;《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology》;20060331;正文第1-2页 * |
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Denomination of invention: A 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material with excellent polarization performance Granted publication date: 20230926 Pledgee: Huaibei Branch of China Postal Savings Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: ANHUI SIHUI CABLE Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024980003282 |
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