CN110442389B - Method for sharing GPU (graphics processing Unit) in multi-desktop environment - Google Patents
Method for sharing GPU (graphics processing Unit) in multi-desktop environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN110442389B CN110442389B CN201910724527.1A CN201910724527A CN110442389B CN 110442389 B CN110442389 B CN 110442389B CN 201910724527 A CN201910724527 A CN 201910724527A CN 110442389 B CN110442389 B CN 110442389B
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/4401—Bootstrapping
- G06F9/4406—Loading of operating system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
Abstract
An architecture for sharing and using a GPU in a multi-desktop environment comprises GPU hardware, a system kernel, a system desktop A, a system desktop B, GPU client A and a GPU client B; the system kernel comprises a GPU driving module, a GPU switching module and a GPU virtual module A, GPU virtual module B, wherein a GPU client A consists of a desktop program of an Android system and a program directly using a GPU rendering interface, a GPU client B consists of a desktop program of a Linux system and a program directly using a GPU rendering interface, a GPU server is formed by the GPU driving module and GPU hardware, and the GPU client A invokes GPU hardware through the GPU driving module in the system kernel; the system desktop A is added with the desktop switching controller A, the system desktop B is added with the desktop switching controller B, and the desktop switching controller A and the desktop switching controller B respectively control the system desktop A or the system desktop B to serve as a current desktop.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a sharing method of a graphics processing unit GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), and more particularly, to a method for sharing and using a local GPU in multiple desktop environments simultaneously based on multiple virtual GPU devices.
Background
Graphics processors (also known as display cores, vision processors, display chips) are microprocessors that operate exclusively on personal computers, workstations, gaming machines, and some mobile devices (e.g., tablet computers, smartphones, etc.). The display device is used for converting and driving display information required by a computer system, providing a line video signal for a display, controlling the correct display of the display, and is an important element for connecting the display and a personal computer mainboard and is also one of important equipment for 'man-machine conversation'. The GPU is an important component in the host computer, and is very important for the graphics card for the person who is engaged in professional graphic design to take on the task of outputting and displaying graphics.
However, existing operating systems do not support multiple desktops simultaneously accessing GPU devices in common office and entertainment scenarios. For example, a desktop or notebook terminal with a local GPU device, as shown in fig. 1, under the price adjustment of only starting one operating system kernel, the current GPU and its driver cannot start one desktop of the Android system and one desktop of the Linux system at the same time. Therefore, the invention provides a drive-level virtual GPU scheme svGPU, which can be used for constructing virtual GPU equipment svGPU for different desktop environments by software by expanding a drive program on the kernel level of an operating system on the basis of the existing hardware GPU, and has the effect similar to that of installing 2 identical GPUs in one terminal, thereby achieving the capability of starting a plurality of different desktop environments on the same terminal equipment.
GPU virtualization is applied more in the field of virtual hosts and virtual servers. NVIDIA corporation introduced a virtual GPU solution, i.e., physical GPUs were cut as needed by NVIDIA underlying management software and simultaneously assigned to multiple virtual machines for use, the GPUs used by the virtual machines being referred to as vGPU. The vGPU computing capability used in the virtual machine comes from the quota split by the physical GPU, and the floating point computing and parallel computing performance of the virtual machine is greatly improved under the support of the strong GPU at the back end. The technical design is initially to be applied to virtual servers and application host servers for professional users with high-computing hosting for serving leased cloud hosts. The user can select a plurality of vGPU according to own requirements to improve the calculation speed of the self-managed application service. This technique was not developed by the desktop user from the beginning.
VDI (Virtual Desktop Infrastructure) is to transmit the video output of the remote virtual machine to the terminal screen, and the terminal is only responsible for inputting and outputting the information of the remote virtual machine, and the internal principle is similar to that of a remote desktop. All remote desktop transmission protocols perform lossy compression on the image, and the image is actually cut when the frame output by the remote virtual machine is transmitted to the terminal through the network; even if the vGPU on the back-end virtual machine renders a 4K 32-bit true color image, the image is replayed through a far Cheng Zhuomian transmission protocol (the terminal box restores the data into an image after receiving the encrypted and compressed data) to the terminal display, and the compressed copy is actually obtained when the terminal box is seen by the naked eyes of a user. The cloud desktop of the VDI has poor performance in terms of high-density image processing, the bottleneck of the cloud desktop is not insufficient in the GPU of the back end, and the loss of network transmission and the insufficient capacity of the front end are also insufficient.
International patent (US 20180210840) APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR MANAGING A VIRTUAL GRAPHICS PROCESSOR UNIT (VGPU) provides only a method for GPU virtualization by hardware, and this patent provides a method for software GPU virtualization. Intel corporation patent (US 20180060996) INTELLIGENT PROVISIONING OF VIRTUAL GRAPHIC PROCESSING UNIT RESOURCES also proposes the concept of vGPU, but the scenario that this patent faces is a problem of task allocation and load balancing by multiple physical GPUs through virtual GPUs.
When the conventional Android desktop and Linux desktop share a GPU, a GPU server (including a GPU driver and GPU hardware) only supports one type of client, for example, in a scenario corresponding to fig. 1, android desktop and Android application programs (Android App1 and Android App 2) can use the GPU server, but Android desktop and Android application programs cannot share the GPU server with Linux desktop and Linux programs (Linux program 1 and Linux program 2), and vice versa.
In view of the foregoing, no method is known in the currently published patent and literature for simultaneously sharing a local GPU among multiple desktop environments. In a single computer terminal, a virtual GPU scheme svGPU of a driving level is adopted, so that a plurality of desktop environments can share and use a local GPU at the same time, and the problem which is hopefully solved by engineering personnel in the field is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: under the condition that a single computer terminal is provided with only one GPU, a virtual GPU scheme svGPU of a driving level is adopted, so that a plurality of desktop environments share and use a local GPU at the same time, and a plurality of desktops are supported to run in one operating system kernel under the condition that the desktop environments are not changed basically.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
an architecture for sharing and using a GPU in a multi-desktop environment comprises GPU hardware, a system kernel, a system desktop A (Android system desktop), a system desktop B (Linux system desktop), a GPU client A and a GPU client B;
the system kernel comprises a GPU driving module (GPU Drv), a GPU switching module (GPU Switch), a GPU virtual module A (Android svGPU 1) and a GPU virtual module B (Linux svGPU 2),
the GPU client a is composed of a desktop program of the Android system and a program (e.g. a 3D game) that directly uses the GPU rendering interface,
GPU client B is made up of a desktop program of the Linux system and a program that directly uses the GPU rendering interface (e.g. 3D game),
the GPU driving module and the GPU hardware form a GPU server, and the GPU client A invokes the GPU hardware through the GPU driving module in the system kernel;
the system desktop A is added with the desktop switching controller A, the system desktop B is added with the desktop switching controller B, and the desktop switching controller A and the desktop switching controller B respectively control the system desktop A or the system desktop B to serve as a current desktop.
A method for sharing a GPU with a multi-desktop environment, comprising the steps of:
step 1, providing a hardware platform;
step 2, adapting a system A (Android) and a system B (Ubuntu Linux) on a hardware platform, wherein the hardware platform independently starts the system A and the system B respectively, and the system A and the system B enter a desktop environment;
step 3, adding a GPU switching module and a GPU virtual module A, GPU virtual module B into a system kernel of the system B;
step 4, after starting the system B, starting the system A in a new Container (Container) and displaying a system desktop B;
step 5, after the system A is started, modifying a system desktop A and a system desktop B, wherein the system desktop A and the system desktop B respectively use a GPU virtual module A, GPU virtual module B;
step 6, adding a desktop switching controller A and a desktop switching controller B into the system desktop A and the system desktop B, and controlling the GPU switching module to perform desktop switching through the desktop switching controller A and the desktop switching controller B;
step 7, switching the desktop into a system desktop B through a desktop switching controller A in the system desktop A;
and 8, switching the desktop into a system desktop A through a desktop switching controller B in the system desktop B.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention aims at a single computer terminal and adopts a virtual GPU scheme svGPU of a driving stage under the condition of only one GPU, so that a plurality of desktop environments share and use a local GPU at the same time, and a plurality of desktops are supported to run in one operating system kernel under the condition of basically not changing the desktop environments.
2. The present invention refers to a software entity using GPU services as a GPU client, a desktop program is a typical GPU client, and a program directly using a direct rendering interface of a GPU is also a client of a GPU, such as a 3D game, etc. In the present invention, only the desktop program is shown in the drawings, and in fact, the present invention supports other GPU client programs as well.
3. In the invention, GPU driving and physical GPU hardware in the kernel are collectively called as a GPU server, and in the invention, the realization of the GPU server is not required to be modified.
4. The invention has fast process speed of switching display, and can realize hot switching of 2 continuous desktop environments by counting time and averaging the switching time to be less than 0.2 seconds. Thus, the goal of supporting the running of multiple desktops in one operating system kernel is achieved without changing the desktop environment basically.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a prior art GPU shared by multiple desktops;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a multiple desktop sharing usage GPU mechanism implementation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a functional call flow diagram of a GPU shared by multiple desktops in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the physical memory direct access of multiple desktops sharing GPU hardware using a GPU according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the examples herein, which are within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims, will be within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
The present invention refers to a software entity using GPU services as a GPU client, a desktop program is a typical GPU client, and a program directly using a direct rendering interface of a GPU is also a client of a GPU, such as a 3D game, etc. In the present invention, only the desktop program is shown in the drawings, and in fact, the present invention supports other GPU client programs as well.
An architecture for sharing and using a GPU in a multi-desktop environment comprises GPU hardware, a system kernel, a system desktop A (Android system desktop), a system desktop B (Linux system desktop), a GPU client A and a GPU client B;
the system kernel comprises a GPU driving module (GPU Drv), a GPU switching module (GPU Switch), a GPU virtual module A (Android svGPU 1) and a GPU virtual module B (Linux svGPU 2),
the GPU client a is composed of a desktop program of the Android system and a program (e.g. a 3D game) that directly uses the GPU rendering interface,
GPU client B is made up of a desktop program of the Linux system and a program that directly uses the GPU rendering interface (e.g. 3D game),
the GPU driving module and the GPU hardware form a GPU server, and the GPU client A invokes the GPU hardware through the GPU driving module in the system kernel;
the system desktop A is added with the desktop switching controller A, the system desktop B is added with the desktop switching controller B, and the desktop switching controller A and the desktop switching controller B respectively control the system desktop A or the system desktop B to serve as a current desktop.
The GPU virtual module A and the GPU virtual module B provide a GPU interface for the GPU driving module, the GPU virtual module A and the GPU virtual module B form virtual GPU equipment, and a system desktop A and a system desktop B do not need to distinguish whether the used equipment is GPU hardware or virtual GPU equipment;
modifying a system desktop A, replacing a code segment using GPU hardware with a code segment using a GPU virtual module A, and running the system desktop A on the GPU virtual module A;
modifying a system desktop B, replacing a code segment using GPU hardware with a code segment using a GPU virtual module B, and running the system desktop B on the GPU virtual module B;
the GPU switching module provides an interface of the GPU server, requests and data of the upper-layer GPU client A and the upper-layer GPU client B for using the GPU server are transmitted to the GPU hardware, and the desktop switching controller A and the desktop switching controller B switch for using the GPU hardware by controlling the GPU switching module;
in the case that the shared use of the GPU is not supported by the system desktop a and the system desktop B, there are two ways in which the GPU client invokes the GPU hardware:
(3) Calling a function;
the GPU virtual module A and the GPU virtual module B provide function call interfaces and parameters which are the same as those of the GPU driving module, the semantics of the function call interfaces and the parameters are the same, the system desktop A needs to call IOCTL interfaces (IOCTL_GPU_FUNC1, …), the call is forwarded to the GPU virtual module A, the GPU virtual module A calls the svgpu_drv_func1 interface, the svgpu_drv_func1 interface forwards a request to a lower-level GPU switching module, the GPU switching module calls the gpu_svpu_drv_func1 interface for processing, and finally the operation is carried out in the gpu_drv_func1 interface of the GPU driving module, and the GPU driving module is called into the gpu_func1 interface of GPU hardware;
(4) The physical memory of the GPU hardware is directly accessed;
in order to reduce the modification overhead of the GPU client, the access interfaces for function calls and GPU physical memory direct access need not be changed.
And for the direct access of the physical memory of the GPU hardware, the access mode of the GPU client is guaranteed to be the same as the condition of not sharing the GPU hardware. Physical memory direct access of GPU hardware: the overhead of data transmission is reduced, the GPU clients directly write data into the video memory of the GPU hardware instead of writing the data into the memory, then the data is transmitted from the video memory to the memory of the GPU hardware through DMA operation, an access interface of the GPU hardware supports the video memory read-write operation of consistent data, the video memory allocated by each GPU client is ensured not to overlap in the video memory allocation stage, and when a plurality of GPU clients use the video memory simultaneously, each GPU client needs to be ensured to be allocated to the video memory with proper quantity, and the situation that a certain GPU client occupies too much video memory and other clients cannot share the video memory cannot occur.
A method for sharing a GPU with a multi-desktop environment, comprising the steps of:
step 1, providing a hardware platform;
the hardware platform is a FT1500A desktop based on a domestic processor, and is configured as follows: the CPU is an FT1500A processor, the processor is compatible with an Armv8 instruction set, 4 xiaomi processor cores (FTC 660) are integrated, the core clock frequency is 1.5GHz, the L1 data Cache is 32KB, the L2Cache is 2MB, the L3Cache is 8MB, the peak performance is 24 GFlips, the memory size is 8GB, the display card is an HD7450 display card produced by AMD company, the magnetic disk is a three-star SSD hard disk, and the display is a liquid crystal display of an HDMI interface;
step 2, adapting a system A (Android) and a system B (Ubuntu Linux) on a hardware platform, wherein the hardware platform independently starts the system A and the system B respectively, and the system A and the system B enter a desktop environment;
the version of the system A is Android-7.1.2, and the version of the system B is 16.04;
step 3, adding a GPU switching module and a GPU virtual module A, GPU virtual module B into a system kernel of the system B;
step 4, after starting the system B, starting the system A in a new Container (Container) and displaying a system desktop B;
step 5, after the system A is started, modifying a system desktop A and a system desktop B, wherein the system desktop A and the system desktop B respectively use a GPU virtual module A, GPU virtual module B;
step 6, adding a desktop switching controller A and a desktop switching controller B into the system desktop A and the system desktop B, and controlling the GPU switching module to perform desktop switching through the desktop switching controller A and the desktop switching controller B;
step 7, switching the desktop into a system desktop B through a desktop switching controller A in the system desktop A;
and 8, switching the desktop into a system desktop A through a desktop switching controller B in the system desktop B.
The desktop switching controller A and the desktop switching controller B are respectively an icon, and when the icons are double-clicked, the GPU switching module is controlled to switch the desktops.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (2)
1. A method for sharing and using GPU in multi-desktop environment is used for sharing and using GPU architecture in multi-desktop environment;
the framework for sharing the GPU in the multi-desktop environment comprises GPU hardware, a system kernel, a system desktop A, a system desktop B, GPU client A and a GPU client B; the system kernel comprises a GPU driving module, a GPU switching module and a GPU virtual module A, GPU virtual module B; the GPU driving module and the GPU hardware form a GPU server, and the GPU client A calls the GPU hardware through the GPU driving module in a system kernel; the GPU client A consists of a desktop program of an Android system and a program directly using a GPU rendering interface; the desktop program of the Android system comprises a system desktop A;
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, providing a hardware platform;
step 2, adapting a system A and a system B on a hardware platform, wherein the hardware platform independently starts the system A and the system B respectively, and the system A and the system B enter a desktop environment;
step 3, adding the GPU switching module, the GPU virtual module A and the GPU virtual module B into a system kernel of the system B;
step 4, after the system B is started, starting the system A in a new container, and displaying the system desktop A;
step 5, after the system A is started, modifying the system desktop A, replacing the code section of the system desktop A using GPU hardware with the code section of the system desktop A using the GPU virtual module A, modifying the system desktop B, replacing the code section of the system desktop B using GPU hardware with the code section of the system desktop B using the GPU virtual module B, and respectively using the GPU virtual module A and the GPU virtual module B by the system desktop A and the system desktop B; the GPU virtual module A and the GPU virtual module B provide a GPU interface for the GPU driving module; the GPU switching module provides an interface of a GPU server, requests and data of the upper-layer GPU client A and the upper-layer GPU client B for using the GPU server are forwarded to the GPU hardware, and the desktop switching controller A and the desktop switching controller B switch for using the GPU hardware by controlling the GPU switching module; the desktop switching controller A and the desktop switching controller B are respectively an icon, and when the icons are double-clicked, the GPU switching module is controlled to switch the desktops;
step 6, adding the desktop switching controller A and the desktop switching controller B into the system desktop A and the system desktop B, and controlling the GPU switching module to perform desktop switching through the desktop switching controller A and the desktop switching controller B;
step 7, switching a desktop into the system desktop B through the desktop switching controller A in the system desktop A;
the switching, by the desktop switching controller a in the system desktop a, the desktop to the system desktop B includes:
the desktop switching controller A in the system desktop A is controlled to call the GPU virtual module A to provide an interface of the GPU server to the GPU driving module;
forwarding a request and data of the system desktop A using the GPU server side in the upper-layer GPU client side A to the GPU hardware through an interface of the GPU server side;
switching the GPU hardware corresponding to the system desktop B;
switching a desktop from the system desktop A to the system desktop B;
and 8, switching the desktop into the system desktop A through the desktop switching controller B in the system desktop B.
2. The method for sharing GPU in a multiple desktop environment according to claim 1, wherein: the hardware platform is a FT1500A desktop based on a domestic processor, and is configured as follows: the CPU is an FT1500A processor, the processor is compatible with an Armv8 instruction set, 4 xiaomi processor cores are integrated, the core clock frequency is 1.5GHz, the L1 data Cache is 32KB, the L2Cache is 2MB, the L3Cache is 8MB, the peak performance is 24 GFlips, the memory size is 8GB, the display card is an HD7450 display card produced by AMD company, the magnetic disk is a three-star SSD hard disk, and the display is a liquid crystal display of an HDMI interface.
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| CN111522670A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-08-11 | 中瓴智行(成都)科技有限公司 | GPU virtualization method, system and medium for Android system |
| CN112114916B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-06-08 | 北京技德系统技术有限公司 | Method and device for compatibly running Android application on Linux operating system |
| CN113220474B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2022-08-30 | 麒麟软件有限公司 | Android application sharing Linux system screen data method based on Android-EMUGL |
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