CN110441603B - Electric leakage blocking sampling circuit and detection method - Google Patents
Electric leakage blocking sampling circuit and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110441603B CN110441603B CN201910745158.4A CN201910745158A CN110441603B CN 110441603 B CN110441603 B CN 110441603B CN 201910745158 A CN201910745158 A CN 201910745158A CN 110441603 B CN110441603 B CN 110441603B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
- G01R1/30—Structural combination of electric measuring instruments with basic electronic circuits, e.g. with amplifier
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/025—Measuring very high resistances, e.g. isolation resistances, i.e. megohm-meters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H21/00—Adaptive networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
- H03H7/52—One-way transmission networks, i.e. unilines
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- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a leakage blocking sampling circuit and a detection method, wherein a detection circuit is used for injecting a direct current signal into a leakage resistor to be detected, collecting a feedback signal of the leakage resistor to be detected, and transmitting the collected feedback signal to a pi-type filter circuit; then, filtering the acquired feedback signal through a pi-type filter circuit, and feeding the filtered signal back to the adaptive filter circuit; the adaptive filter circuit is adopted to effectively inhibit the influence of clutter induction voltage on a detection result, and the adaptive filter circuit solves the problems that residual magnetism voltage influences a leakage locking detection circuit and reverse filling current damages the leakage locking circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of explosion-proof electrical appliances, and relates to a leakage blocking sampling circuit and a detection method.
Background
The leakage block is a feed switch or an electromagnetic starter for detecting the breaking state, namely the insulation resistance of the load side to the motor shell, if the insulation resistance is lower than a set value, the motor shell can not be switched on and powered, belongs to preventive detection, and is particularly important for preventive detection and protection in coal mines and flammable and explosive environments;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of current leakage blocking detection of a low-voltage feeder switch, where detection is usually performed when a main switch contact KM is disconnected, but due to reasons such as wiring distribution capacitance, an induced electromotive force already exists in a tested object, which can be simplified into an equivalent circuit on the right side, that is, an ac voltage source series capacitor is then connected in parallel to two ends of a resistor RL (rllout) to be tested; when the main contact is broken, the electric arc is connected, or the motor can continue to operate for a long time due to the rotational inertia, and residual magnetic voltage is generated. If the leakage blocking detection circuit is put into use at this time, the residual magnetic voltage can enter the detection circuit, the system malfunction is caused if the residual magnetic voltage is light, and the detection circuit is damaged if the residual magnetic voltage is heavy; at present, a direct current injection method is generally adopted for leakage locking detection, and the injected direct current micro-if signal change is detected to determine whether the equipment has leakage locking; if excessive induced voltage or residual magnetic voltage is fleed into the magnetic sensor, the detection result is directly influenced, so that the sensitivity of the system is reduced or the system is mistakenly operated, and great safety risk exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a leakage blocking sampling circuit and a detection method, and solves the problems that a detection circuit is easy to damage due to reverse current pouring and the detection circuit is low in detection precision and inaccurate in detection due to the influence of residual magnetic voltage on the leakage blocking detection circuit in the conventional method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a leakage blocking sampling circuit comprises a detection circuit, a pi-type filter circuit, a self-adaptive filter circuit and a shaping circuit;
the detection circuit is used for injecting a direct current reference signal VREF into the leakage resistor to be detected, collecting a feedback signal of the leakage resistor to be detected and transmitting the collected feedback signal to the pi-type filter circuit;
the pi-type filter circuit is used for carrying out high-frequency filtering processing on the acquired feedback signals and feeding the filtered signals back to the self-adaptive filter circuit;
the adaptive filter circuit is used for separating and reversely superposing the alternating current signals in the filtered signals to the filtered signals, the alternating current signals and the filtered signals are mutually offset to obtain the wave-eliminating signals, and then the wave-eliminating signals are transmitted to the shaping circuit to be output after level adjustment.
Further, the detection circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2 and a resistor R3, one end of the resistor R1 and one end of the resistor R2 are connected with one end of a resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with a reference power source VREF, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with one end of the leakage resistance to be detected, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the other end of the leakage resistance to be detected, and the other end of the leakage resistance to be detected is connected with a signal ground HGND.
Further, a switch S1 is connected between the other end of the resistor R3 and the other end of the leakage resistor to be tested.
Further, the switch S1 is a push switch.
Furthermore, the pi-type filter circuit comprises a resistor R4, a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2, one end of the resistor R4 and one end of the capacitor C1 are connected with one end of a resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with one end of a capacitor C2, and the other end of the capacitor C1 and the other end of the capacitor C2 are grounded.
Further, the adaptive filter circuit includes a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R14, an operational amplifier UA, an operational amplifier UC, a polar capacitor C3, and a polar capacitor C4; the same direction input end of the operational amplifier UA is connected with the other end of a resistor R4, the reverse input end and the output end of the operational amplifier UA are connected with one end of a resistor R8, one end of a resistor R8 is connected with the negative electrode of a polarity capacitor C3, the positive electrode of the polarity capacitor C3 is connected with one end of a resistor R5, the other end of a resistor R5 is connected with one end of a resistor R6 and the reverse input end of the operational amplifier UC, the same direction input end of the operational amplifier UC is connected with a power supply, the output end of the operational amplifier UC is connected with the other end of the resistor R6 and the positive electrode of a polarity capacitor C4, the negative electrode of the polarity capacitor C4 is connected with one end of a resistor R7, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the other end of a resistor R8, one end of the resistor R14 is connected with the other end of the resistor R8, and the other end of the resistor R14 is grounded.
Further, the shaping circuit comprises an operational amplifier UB, an operational amplifier UD, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6 and a capacitor C7; the same-direction input end of the operational amplifier UD is connected with the other end of the resistor R7 and one end of the capacitor C7, and one end of the capacitor C7 is grounded; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier UD is connected with one end of a resistor R11 and one end of a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier UD and one end of a resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier UB, the homodromous input end of the operational amplifier UB is connected with one end of a resistor R9, one end of a resistor R10 and one end of a capacitor C5, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with a power supply, and the other end of the resistor R10 and the other end of the capacitor C5 are grounded; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier UB, the output end of the operational amplifier UB and one end of the capacitor C6 are simultaneously connected with a power supply, and the other end of the capacitor C6 is grounded.
Furthermore, the anode of the operational amplifier UA is connected with a power supply, and the cathode of the operational amplifier UA is grounded.
Furthermore, the resistor R2 adopts a power resistor, the resistance is larger than 200K omega, and the temperature drift is not larger than 100 PPM.
A leakage locking detection method of a leakage locking sampling circuit comprises the following steps:
step 1), injecting a direct current signal into a leakage resistor to be detected and collecting a feedback signal of the leakage resistor to be detected;
step 2) filtering the acquired feedback signal;
and 3) separating and reversely superposing the alternating current signals in the filtered signals to the filtered signals, offsetting the alternating current signals in the filtered signals with the alternating current signals in the filtered signals to obtain the wave-absorbing signals, transmitting the wave-absorbing signals to a shaping circuit to adjust the level and then outputting the wave-absorbing signals to obtain a detection result, and finishing the electric leakage blocking detection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention relates to a leakage locking sampling circuit, which utilizes a detection circuit to inject a direct current signal into a leakage resistor to be detected, collects a feedback signal of the leakage resistor to be detected and transmits the collected feedback signal to a pi-type filter circuit; then, filtering the acquired feedback signal through a pi-type filter circuit, and feeding the filtered signal back to the adaptive filter circuit; the adaptive filter circuit is adopted to effectively inhibit the influence of clutter induction voltage on a detection result, and the adaptive filter circuit solves the problems that residual magnetism voltage influences a leakage locking detection circuit and reverse filling current damages the leakage locking circuit.
Furthermore, the resistor R2 is a current-limiting protection resistor, a power resistor is adopted to ensure the sampling precision, the resistance value is greater than 200K omega, and when the residual voltage of the signal to be detected is too high or the signal to be detected is electrified, the current is prevented from flowing back to damage the detection circuit.
Furthermore, the adaptive filter circuit built by the operational amplifier inverting following adder can effectively inhibit the influence of clutter induction voltage on the detection result.
The invention relates to a leakage locking detection method of a leakage locking sampling circuit, which comprises the steps of injecting a direct current signal into a leakage resistor to be detected and collecting a feedback signal of the leakage resistor to be detected; filtering the collected feedback signal; and separating and reversely superposing the alternating current signals in the filtered signals to the filtered signals, mutually offsetting the alternating current signals in the filtered signals to obtain the wave-eliminating signals, transmitting the wave-eliminating signals to a shaping circuit to perform level adjustment, and outputting the wave-eliminating signals to obtain a detection result to finish leakage locking detection. The influence of residual voltage on a detection circuit is eliminated, and the influence of clutter induction voltage on a detection result is effectively inhibited by adopting a self-adaptive filter circuit built by an operational amplifier inverting following adder.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a waveform conversion diagram of the measurement signal, fig. 2.1 is a fundamental wave diagram obtained by injecting a direct current signal, fig. 2.2 is a waveform diagram after dc blocking and reversing, fig. 2.3 is a waveform diagram after dc blocking and superposition, and fig. 2.4 is a waveform diagram of the finally obtained output.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a leakage blocking detection circuit of a conventional low-voltage feed switch.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, a leakage blocking sampling circuit includes a detection circuit, a pi filter circuit, an adaptive filter circuit, and a shaping circuit;
the detection circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2 and a resistor R3, wherein the resistance values of the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 are equal; one end of a resistor R1 and one end of a resistor R2 are connected with one end of a resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with a reference power source VREF, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with one end of a to-be-detected leakage resistor, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the other end of the to-be-detected leakage resistor, and the other end of the to-be-detected leakage resistor is connected with a signal ground HGND; the resistor R3 is a test resistor, and since the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 have the same electrical value, when S1 is pressed, the state of RL being 0 ohm can be simulated.
The pi-type filter circuit comprises a resistor R4, a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2, one end of the resistor R4 and one end of the capacitor C1 are connected with one end of a resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with one end of a capacitor C2, and the other end of the capacitor C1 and the other end of the capacitor C2 are grounded;
the adaptive filter circuit comprises an adaptive filter circuit resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R14, an operational amplifier UA, an operational amplifier UC, a polar capacitor C3 and a polar capacitor C4; the same-direction input end of the operational amplifier UA is connected with the other end of a resistor R4, the reverse input end and the output end of the operational amplifier UA are connected with one end of a resistor R8, one end of a resistor R8 is connected with the negative electrode of a polar capacitor C3, the positive electrode of the polar capacitor C3 is connected with one end of a resistor R5, the other end of a resistor R5 is connected with one end of a resistor R6 and the reverse input end of the operational amplifier UC, the same-direction input end of the operational amplifier UC is connected with a power supply, the output end of the operational amplifier UC is connected with the other end of the resistor R6 and the positive electrode of a polar capacitor C4, the negative electrode of the polar capacitor C4 is connected with one end of a resistor R7, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the other end of a resistor R8, one end of the resistor R14 is connected with the other end of the resistor R8, and the other end of the resistor R14 is grounded;
the shaping circuit comprises an operational amplifier UB, an operational amplifier UD, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6 and a capacitor C7; the same-direction input end of the operational amplifier UD is connected with the other end of the resistor R7 and one end of the capacitor C7, and one end of the capacitor C7 is grounded; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier UD is connected with one end of a resistor R11 and one end of a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier UD and one end of a resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier UB, the homodromous input end of the operational amplifier UB is connected with one end of a resistor R9, one end of a resistor R10 and one end of a capacitor C5, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with a power supply, and the other end of the resistor R10 and the other end of the capacitor C5 are grounded; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier UB, the output end of the operational amplifier UB and one end of the capacitor C6 are simultaneously connected with a power supply, and the other end of the capacitor C6 is grounded.
The anode of the operational amplifier UA is connected with a power supply, and the cathode of the operational amplifier UA is grounded;
a switch S1 is connected between the other end of the resistor R3 and the other end of the leakage resistor to be detected and is used for circuit self-checking; the switch S1 is a push switch.
The same-direction input end of the operational amplifier UC is connected with the power supply voltage VCC/2, and the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with the power supply voltage VCC; the anode of the operational amplifier UA is connected with a power supply voltage to be a VCC power supply
The structural principle and the using steps of the invention are further explained in the following with the attached drawings:
in the application, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2 are used as protection resistors to inject a direct current signal into a drain resistor to be detected, the waveform is shown in fig. 2.1, the direct current signal is Vin' in an ideal state, the direct current signal does not contain an alternating current component, and the actually detected waveform is the waveform Vin, namely the alternating current component is superposed on the direct current signal;
the detection circuit aims to inject a direct current reference signal VREF into the leakage resistor to be detected and collect a feedback signal of the leakage resistor to be detected; the detection circuit is used for artificially manufacturing a leakage blocking to detect whether the function is normal or not; the direct current signal is loaded to two ends of the drain resistor RL to be tested through the resistor R1 and the resistor R2, and the sampling signal is actually the voltage at two ends of R2 and RL; the resistor R2 is an anti-backflow current-limiting protection resistor, a high-precision low-temperature-drift power resistor is adopted to ensure sampling precision, the resistance value is more than 200K omega, and the temperature drift is not more than 100 PPM; when the residual voltage of the signal to be detected is too high or the signal to be detected is electrified, the detection circuit is prevented from being damaged by current recharging.
The pi-type filtering is used for filtering the acquired feedback signals, filtering high-frequency and noise signals, and feeding the filtered signals back to the adaptive filtering circuit; the filtered signal contains a direct current signal of an alternating current component;
the self-adaptive filter circuit separates an alternating current signal from a filtered direct current signal containing an alternating current component, reversely superposes the alternating current signal on the filtered signal, and offsets the alternating current signal in the filtered signal with the alternating current signal in order to achieve the purpose of filtering; the larger the fundamental wave signal is, the larger the reverse offset signal is, thereby realizing self-adaptive filtering;
as shown in fig. 2, Vin' in fig. 2.1 is an ideal signal, and Vin is an actual detection signal; the Vin signal is subjected to blocking inversion by the adaptive filter circuit to form a Vuc signal in the figure 2.2, the Vuc signal is subjected to blocking processing by a capacitor C4 in the adaptive filter circuit to obtain a Vuc 'signal, and as shown in the figure 2.3, the Vuc' signal is opposite to the direction of the collected alternating current component and has the same amplitude; the input signals Vin and Vuc' are added to eliminate alternating current components; finally, obtaining a direct current signal Vout with the alternating current component eliminated in the figure 2.4; the signal is the same as the ideal signal of Vin', thus achieving the purpose of self-adaptive wave elimination;
the shaping circuit is used for properly adjusting the level of the detection signal and sending the detection signal to an MCU (control unit) for processing and early warning. The method extracts the collected alternating current components from the direct current signals, and reversely superposes and filters the alternating current components to restore an ideal direct current signal Vin'; the circuit has the advantages of high response speed, smooth filtering and the like, thereby solving the problem that residual magnetic voltage influences the leakage locking detection circuit and the problem that reverse current damages the leakage locking circuit.
Claims (7)
1. A leakage blocking sampling circuit is characterized by comprising a detection circuit, a pi-shaped filter circuit, a self-adaptive filter circuit and a shaping circuit;
the detection circuit is used for injecting a direct current reference signal VREF into the leakage resistor to be detected, collecting a feedback signal of the leakage resistor to be detected and transmitting the collected feedback signal to the pi-type filter circuit; the detection circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2 and a resistor R3, one end of the resistor R1 and one end of the resistor R2 are connected with one end of a resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with a reference power source VREF, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with one end of a to-be-detected leakage resistor, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the other end of the to-be-detected leakage resistor, the other end of the to-be-detected leakage resistor is connected with a signal ground HGND, and a switch S1 is connected between the other end of the resistor R3 and the other end of the to-be-detected leakage resistor;
the pi-type filter circuit is used for carrying out high-frequency filtering processing on the acquired feedback signals and feeding the filtered signals back to the self-adaptive filter circuit; the pi-type filter circuit comprises a resistor R4, a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2, one end of the resistor R4 and one end of the capacitor C1 are connected with one end of a resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with one end of a capacitor C2, and the other end of the capacitor C1 and the other end of the capacitor C2 are grounded;
the adaptive filter circuit is used for separating and reversely superposing the alternating current signals in the filtered signals to the filtered signals, the alternating current signals and the filtered signals are mutually offset to obtain the wave-eliminating signals, and then the wave-eliminating signals are transmitted to the shaping circuit to be output after level adjustment.
2. The leakage current latch-up sampling circuit according to claim 1, wherein the switch S1 is a push switch.
3. The leakage locked sampling circuit of claim 1, wherein the adaptive filter circuit comprises a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R14, an operational amplifier UA, an operational amplifier UC, a polar capacitor C3, and a polar capacitor C4; the same direction input end of the operational amplifier UA is connected with the other end of a resistor R4, the reverse input end and the output end of the operational amplifier UA are connected with one end of a resistor R8, one end of a resistor R8 is connected with the negative electrode of a polarity capacitor C3, the positive electrode of the polarity capacitor C3 is connected with one end of a resistor R5, the other end of a resistor R5 is connected with one end of a resistor R6 and the reverse input end of the operational amplifier UC, the same direction input end of the operational amplifier UC is connected with a power supply, the output end of the operational amplifier UC is connected with the other end of the resistor R6 and the positive electrode of a polarity capacitor C4, the negative electrode of the polarity capacitor C4 is connected with one end of a resistor R7, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the other end of a resistor R8, one end of the resistor R14 is connected with the other end of the resistor R8, and the other end of the resistor R14 is grounded.
4. A leakage latching sampling circuit according to claim 3, wherein the shaping circuit comprises an operational amplifier UB, an operational amplifier UD, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6 and a capacitor C7; the same-direction input end of the operational amplifier UD is connected with the other end of the resistor R7 and one end of the capacitor C7, and one end of the capacitor C7 is grounded; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier UD is connected with one end of a resistor R11 and one end of a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier UD and one end of a resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier UB, the homodromous input end of the operational amplifier UB is connected with one end of a resistor R9, one end of a resistor R10 and one end of a capacitor C5, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with a power supply, and the other end of the resistor R10 and the other end of the capacitor C5 are grounded; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier UB, the output end of the operational amplifier UB and one end of the capacitor C6 are simultaneously connected with a power supply, and the other end of the capacitor C6 is grounded.
5. A leakage blocking sampling circuit according to claim 3, wherein the positive terminal of the operational amplifier UA is connected to the power supply and the negative terminal of the operational amplifier UA is connected to ground.
6. A leakage latching sampling circuit according to claim 1, wherein the resistor R2 is a power resistor with a resistance greater than 200K Ω and a temperature drift not greater than 100 PPM.
7. A leakage locking detection method based on the leakage locking sampling circuit of claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1), injecting a direct current signal into a leakage resistor to be detected and collecting a feedback signal of the leakage resistor to be detected;
step 2) filtering the acquired feedback signal;
and 3) separating and reversely superposing the alternating current signals in the filtered signals to the filtered signals, offsetting the alternating current signals in the filtered signals with the alternating current signals in the filtered signals to obtain the wave-absorbing signals, transmitting the wave-absorbing signals to a shaping circuit to adjust the level and then outputting the wave-absorbing signals to obtain a detection result, and finishing the electric leakage blocking detection.
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| CN109375120A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-02-22 | 积成电子股份有限公司 | The monitoring method of alternating current is scurried into DC power system |
| CN109669104A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-23 | 镇江赛尔尼柯自动化有限公司 | A kind of method and its monitoring device based on Injection Signal monitoring ship network system Intelligent insulation state |
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