CN110441384B - Experimental method for determining uranium precipitation action strength of asphalt - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sandstone-type uranium ores in basins, and particularly discloses an experimental method for determining the precipitation effect strength of asphalt on uranium, which comprises the following steps: firstly, determining a working area and a target layer; collecting samples containing asphaltene; preparing quartz sand containing asphaltene; asphalt-uranium-containing solution reaction; fifthly, solid-liquid separation is carried out; sixthly, analyzing uranium concentration, a scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum; and determining the uranium gathering capacity of the asphalt. The method can quantitatively evaluate the capacity of asphalt in the target layer of the ore exploration working area on uranium adsorption reduction, identify the effective ore exploration target layer, evaluate the sand mineralization potential, widen the ore exploration space and indicate the ore exploration direction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sandstone-type uranium ores in basins, and particularly relates to an experimental method for determining the precipitation effect strength of asphalt on uranium in a basin ore finding target layer.
Background
Black asphalt is one of important uranium adsorption reduction precipitation media, and is one of essential conditions for sandstone-type uranium ore formation. The phenomenon of uranium precipitation by asphalt adsorption reduction is more or less found in ore-bearing target layers of mush braker uranium deposits, eastern-wins uranium deposits in the tali basin and uranium deposits in the jones of the Songliao basin in China (Chenhong et al, 2007). The asphaltene component formed by oil gas exudation can further enhance the reducing capability of sand bodies, so that the later stage ore formation of the variegated rock system with low reducing capacity becomes possible. However, different types of bitumen have different reduction capacities in different regions and have different uranium precipitation effects. For example, the Δ Eh for bright black sulfur bitumen, brownish black sulfur bitumen, solid soil bitumen and liquid bitumen is about 75mv, 55mv, 40mv, 20mv respectively (Wanxifeng, 1983). In addition, the field is difficult to identify the types of the solid asphalt with different causes in a macroscopic and microscopic way, and some asphalt can not effectively extract and enrich uranium in uranium-containing fluid and is not an adsorption reducing agent of uranium. Therefore, the method finds out whether the asphaltene at the ore finding part of the basin has the uranium gathering capacity, accurately determines the intensity of the asphaltene on uranium precipitation (adsorption reduction), has very important functions of identifying an effective ore finding target layer and discussing an oil-uranium ore forming mechanism, and can further widen the ore finding space and guide ore finding deployment.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems solved by the invention are as follows:
the invention provides an experimental method for determining the uranium precipitation effect strength of asphalt, which can be used for finding out the uranium precipitation capability of an asphaltene-containing target layer in a sandstone-type uranium ore mining area, identifying a mining target layer, further judging the mining potential of the mining target layer, and indicating the mining direction.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an experimental method for determining the uranium precipitation effect strength of asphalt comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining a working area and a target layer; step 2, collecting a sample containing asphaltene; step 3, preparing quartz sand containing asphaltene; step 4, reacting asphalt with uranium-containing solution; step 5, solid-liquid separation; step 6, analyzing uranium concentration, a scanning electron microscope and an energy spectrum; step 7. determining the uranium gathering capacity of the asphalt.
The step 1 comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, selecting a certain size range from a regional uranium mine geological map with a proper proportion formula and containing a working area as the working area;
step 1.2, determining a main target layer from the aspects of structure, deposition, climate evolution and after-oxidation by taking the ore-containing layer level and the oil-gas exudation layer level of a main uranium deposit or a uranium ore point in a working area as reference;
in the step 1.1, the proportion formula is 1:20 ten thousand to 1:50 ten thousand.
The step 2 comprises the following steps:
collecting the target layer sample of the step 1.2 on site in a working area in the step 1.1, wherein the sample is the main target layer of the step 1.2 and contains asphaltene; the pressure condition of the sample is set as normal pressure, and the temperature T is set as the formation temperature, namely T is the surface temperature + | the sample burial depth |. 0.03 ℃.
The step 3 comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, extracting the asphaltene in the sample by a Soxhlet extraction method; crushing a sample indoors, soaking the crushed sample in benzene or chloroform, and filtering out coarse solid parts by using filter paper and a high-speed centrifuge after soaking for 24 hours, so as to obtain an asphaltene-containing solution;
3.2, weighing a certain amount of clean quartz sand in a laboratory, wherein the quartz sand can effectively eliminate the interference of the adsorption reduction action of clay, organic matters, pyrite and the like in a field sandstone sample, and the precipitation capability of asphalt on a uranium-containing solution can be independently evaluated;
and 3.3, pouring the asphaltene-containing solution on a surface dish containing quartz sand, putting the surface dish in a drying furnace, heating and drying, continuously stirring by using a glass rod in the drying process, uniformly coating the quartz sand with asphaltene after the benzene is quickly evaporated, increasing the specific surface area of the asphaltene to the maximum extent, finally obtaining the asphaltene-containing quartz sand, and putting the quartz sand in a reaction container.
The step 4 comprises the following steps:
measuring a certain amount of uranyl nitrate solution with lower concentration as an original uranium-containing solution reagent of an experiment, pouring the uranium-containing solution into a container containing asphaltene-containing quartz sand, sealing the reaction container, placing the sealed reaction container into a thermostat for solid-liquid reaction, wherein the reaction temperature and pressure conditions are the stratum temperature T obtained in the step 2 and the normal pressure respectively, the reaction time is 7 days, and the reaction container is oscillated at least 1 time every day so that the reaction is more sufficient.
The step 5 comprises the following steps: after the reaction is finished, performing solid-liquid separation by using filter paper and a high-speed centrifuge to respectively obtain solid and liquid parts.
The step 6 comprises the following steps:
step 6.1, carrying out uranium concentration test on the separated solution by using a laser fluorescence uranium determination method or a plasma mass spectrometry method to obtain that the uranium concentration of the reacted solution is X' mg/L;
and 6.2, sequentially carrying out target making, carbon coating, scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum analysis on the separated solid part, and identifying the occurrence state of uranium in the asphaltene-containing quartz sand.
The step 7 comprises the following steps:
the precipitation action strength S of the asphalt on uranium is obtained by subtracting the concentration X 'of the reacted solution from the concentration X of the initial uranium-containing solution in the step 4, namely S ═ X-X'; the larger the S value is, the stronger the precipitation effect strength of the asphalt on uranium is; in addition, the adsorption and reduction action mechanism of the asphalt in the working area on uranium can be comprehensively discussed through the scanning electron microscope and the energy spectrum identification result in the step 6.2.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the experimental method for determining the uranium precipitation effect strength of the asphalt can quantitatively determine the adsorption reduction capacity of the asphaltene in the sand body at the edge of the oil-gas-containing basin, re-evaluate the uranium accumulation capacity of the asphaltene-containing sandstone with poor ore potential due to lack of organic carbon, identify an effective ore finding target layer in the area and widen the ore finding space. In addition, there is an important reference to the study of the geochemical mechanism of oil-uranium interactions in basins.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an experimental method for determining the uranium precipitation effect strength of asphalt provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The experimental method for determining the uranium precipitation strength of asphalt provided by the invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides an experimental method for determining the uranium precipitation strength of asphalt, which comprises the following steps:
(1) workspace and destination layer determination
And (1.1) selecting a uranium deposit geological map of a 1:20 Quercolor basin region, and selecting the northwest edge of the basin as a working area in the map.
(1.2) the northwest edge chalk line of the basin was used as the main target layer.
(2) Asphaltene-containing sample Collection
A field outcrop sample of the bitumen is collected in a region of Wuer grass at the northwest edge of the Quadrature basin in Xinjiang. The bitumen is produced in chalky formations in a pulse-like manner. The sample is under normal pressure and at the formation temperature T, i.e. the surface temperature T is 25 ℃.
(3) Preparation of quartz sand containing asphaltene
(3.1) weighing 0.1g of asphalt sample, and completely dissolving the asphalt sample by using benzene in a triangular cup to obtain the solution containing the asphaltene.
(3.2) 15g of clean quartz sand was weighed and spread on a watch glass.
(3.3) slowly and uniformly pouring the completely dissolved asphaltene-containing solution onto a surface dish filled with 15g of quartz sand, mixing, attaching the asphalt to the surface of the quartz sand after benzene is volatilized, so as to greatly increase the surface area of the asphalt, thus preparing the geoasphalt-containing quartz fine sand, and placing the geoasphalt-containing quartz fine sand into a clean glass bottle (reaction vessel) with a plug.
(4) Bitumen-uranium containing solution reaction
Selecting a uranyl nitrate solution (the pH value is 4.71, the Eh is +130mv, and the concentration X is 102mg/L) as an initial uranium-containing solution reagent of an experiment, measuring 20mL of the uranyl nitrate solution, pouring the uranyl nitrate solution into a plug-containing glass bottle (a reaction container) containing fine bituminous quartz sand, sealing the bottle mouth by using 504 adhesive, finally placing the reaction container in a laboratory thermostat, wherein the reaction temperature and pressure conditions are respectively 25 ℃ at the earth surface temperature obtained in the step 2, normal pressure, reaction time is 7 days, and oscillating the reaction glass bottle at 9 points in the morning every day so as to fully react.
(5) Solid-liquid separation
After reacting for 7 days and nights, performing solid-liquid separation on the substances in the glass bottle by using filter paper and a high-speed centrifuge to respectively obtain a uranium-containing solution and bituminous quartz fine sand after the reaction.
(6) Uranium concentration, scanning electron microscopy and energy spectroscopy
(6.1) rapidly measuring the pH value, the Eh value and the uranium concentration of the reacted solution in a laboratory by a laser fluorescence uranium measurement method to obtain the uranium concentration X' of the reacted solution of 72.5mg/L, the pH value of 7.86 and the Eh of-48 mv.
And (6.2) sequentially carrying out target making, carbon coating, scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum analysis on the separated ground-containing asphalt quartz fine sand.
(7) Determination of uranium gathering ability of asphalt
The precipitation effect strength of the bitumen at the northwest edge of the isozeonor basin on uranium is obtained by subtracting the uranium concentration X' of the uranium-containing solution after reaction from the uranium concentration X of the initial uranium-containing solution in the step 4, namely S is 130-72.5 is 57.5, which indicates that the bitumen at the northwest edge of the isozeonor basin has a strong precipitation effect on uranium in the fluid; scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum analysis find that bright white uranium-containing substances are mainly coated on parts (the surface of the asphalt) with high black carbon content in a film shape, namely the asphalt in the area has better adsorption and reduction effects on uranium.
The experimental method is reliable, and proves that the regional bitumen has a good extraction and precipitation effect on uranium in a uranium-containing solution, namely the regional bitumen is also a favorable mineral finding target layer. The knowledge supplements and enriches the oil-uranium symbiotic mechanism and widens the ore finding space.
The method can be widely used for quantitatively evaluating the reduction capability of the target layer (containing asphaltene) for finding the ore of the uranium mine at the edge of the oil-gas-containing basin, and identifying the target layer for effectively finding the ore; in addition, the method has important reference significance for researching an oil gas-metal mineralization mechanism in the basin. It is within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art that certain variations may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, for example, the benzene used in step 3.1 may be replaced by chloroform solution, and the carbon-coated in step 6.2 may be gold-coated. The present invention may be practiced using any conventional and well-established technique, which is not described in detail herein.
Claims (1)
1. An experimental method for determining uranium precipitation effect strength of asphalt is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
determining a working area and a target layer; step (2) collecting samples containing asphaltene; preparing the quartz sand containing the asphaltene; reacting asphalt-uranium-containing solution in the step (4); solid-liquid separation in the step (5); step (6), analyzing uranium concentration, a scanning electron microscope and an energy spectrum; step (7), determining the uranium gathering capacity of the asphalt;
the step (1) comprises the following steps:
step (1.1) selecting a certain size range from a regional uranium ore geological map with a proper proportion formula and containing a working area as the working area;
step (1.2) determining a target layer from the aspects of structure, deposition, climate evolution and post-oxidation by taking the ore-containing layer level and the oil-gas exudation layer level of a uranium deposit or a uranium ore site in a working area as reference;
in the step (1.1), the proportion formula is 1:20 ten thousand to 1:50 ten thousand;
the step (2) comprises the following steps:
collecting the target layer sample of the step (1.2) on site in a working area in the step (1.1), wherein the sample must be the target layer of the step (1.2) and contains asphaltene; setting the pressure condition of the sample as normal pressure, and setting the temperature T as the formation temperature, namely T is the surface temperature plus the sample burial depth 0.03 ℃;
the step (3) comprises the following steps:
step (3.1) extracting the asphaltene in the sample by a Soxhlet extraction method; crushing a sample indoors, soaking the crushed sample in benzene, and filtering out coarse solid parts by using filter paper and a high-speed centrifuge after soaking for 24 hours, so as to obtain an asphaltene-containing solution;
weighing a certain amount of clean quartz sand in a laboratory, and effectively eliminating the interference of the adsorption reduction action of clay, organic matters and pyrite in a field sandstone sample by using the quartz sand so as to independently evaluate the precipitation capacity of asphalt on a uranium-containing solution;
step (3.3) pouring the asphaltene-containing solution on a surface dish containing quartz sand, heating and drying the solution in a drying furnace, continuously stirring the solution by using a glass rod in the drying process, uniformly coating the quartz sand with asphaltene after the benzene is quickly evaporated, and increasing the specific surface area of the asphalt to the maximum extent to finally obtain the asphaltene-containing quartz sand, and placing the quartz sand in a reaction container;
the step (4) comprises the following steps:
measuring a certain amount of uranyl nitrate solution as an original uranium-containing solution reagent of an experiment, pouring the uranium-containing solution into a container containing asphaltene-containing quartz sand, sealing the reaction container, placing the sealed reaction container into a thermostat for solid-liquid reaction, wherein the reaction temperature and pressure conditions are the stratum temperature T and the normal pressure obtained in the step (2), the reaction time is 7 days, and the reaction container is oscillated at least 1 time every day to ensure that the reaction is more sufficient;
the step (5) comprises the following steps: after the reaction is finished, performing solid-liquid separation by using filter paper and a high-speed centrifuge to respectively obtain solid and liquid parts;
the step (6) comprises the following steps:
step (6.1) carrying out uranium concentration test on the separated solution by using a laser fluorescence uranium determination method or a plasma mass spectrometry method to obtain that the uranium concentration of the reacted solution is X' mg/L;
step (6.2) sequentially carrying out target making, carbon plating, scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum analysis on the separated solid part, and identifying the occurrence state of uranium in the asphaltene-containing quartz sand;
the step (7) comprises the following steps:
the precipitation action strength S of the asphalt on uranium is obtained by subtracting the concentration X 'of the reacted solution from the concentration X of the initial uranium-containing solution in the step (4), namely S ═ X-X'; the larger the S value is, the stronger the precipitation effect strength of the asphalt on uranium is; in addition, the adsorption and reduction action mechanism of the asphalt in the working area on uranium is comprehensively discussed through the scanning electron microscope and the energy spectrum identification result in the step (6.2).
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