CN110441363A - A kind of preparation method of titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor preparation methods, which is characterized in that is handled using sulfuric acid and potassium metaperiodate carbon nanotube, obtains pretreatment carbon nanotube;Composite adhesive is made using 1- butyl -1- methylpyrrole fluoroform sulphonate and cellulose;Then, in the agate mortar, it is added by following mass percent, Nano titanium nitride: 36 ~ 42%, pretreatment carbon nanotube: 28 ~ 32%, composite adhesive: 12 ~ 16%, atoleine: 15 ~ 18%, grinding uniformly at carbon paste shape, the loading of its carbon paste is connected in the interior glass tube passed through as Φ 5mm of conducting wire, titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor is made.The advantages that carbon paste electrode prepared by the application improves 6 ~ 8 times than common carbon paste electrode electric conductivity, and electrochemical window mouth width, preparation method are simple, at low cost, surface easily updates, aftercurrent is small.Paracetamol high sensitivity is detected, selectivity is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of electrochemical sensor, in particular to a kind of titanium nitride/carbon nanotube is compound
The preparation method and application of paste electrode sensor.Belong to electrochemical analysis field.
Background technique
Titanium nitride (TiN) have typical NaCl type structure, belong to face-centered cubic lattice, lattice constant a=0.4241nm,
Middle titanium atom is located at face-centred cubic angle top.TiN is non-stoichiometric compound, and stable compositing range is TiN0.37-
TiN1.16, the variation that the content of nitrogen can change in a certain range without causing TiN structure.TiN powder is generally in yellowish-brown
Color, ultra-fine TiN powder are in black.TiN fusing point is 2950 DEG C, density 5.43-5.44g/cm3, Mohs' hardness 8-9, heat resistanceheat resistant punching
Hitting property is good.TiN fusing point is higher than the fusing point of most of transition metal nitrides, and density is lower than most metals nitride, because
This is a kind of very distinctive heat proof material.Titanium nitride is quite stable compound, at high temperature not with iron, chromium, calcium and magnesium
Equal metal reactions, are dissolved in the chloroazotic acid boiled, and the sodium hydroxide solution for encountering heat then has ammonia releasing, the property of four nitridation tritanium and two
It is similar to nitrogenize two titaniums.TiN is heated lose nitrogen in a vacuum, generates the lower titanium nitride of nitrogen content.TiN has tempting golden yellow
Color, fusing point are high, hardness is big, chemical stability is good and electric conductivity with higher and superconductivity and wide potential window.
Carbon nanotube is as monodimension nanometer material, and light-weight, hexagonal structure connection is perfect, has many abnormal power
, electricity and chemical property.Goed deep into its wide application prospect also not with carbon nanotube and nano materials research in recent years
It shows disconnectedly.Carbon atom is in carbon nanotube with sp2Based on hydridization, while there are a degree of for hexangle type network
Bending forms Space expanding, wherein certain sp can be formed3Hybrid bond, that is, the chemical bond formed while having sp2With
sp3Mixed hybridization state, and these p tracks overlap each other and form the delocalized big pi bond of height outside carbon nanotubes lamella,
The big pi bond of carbon nanotube outer surface is carbon nanotube and some changes for having the macromolecular for being conjugated performance compound with non-covalent bond
Learn basis.Carbon nanotube shows following numerous advantage as a kind of novel electrode material for super capacitor, carbon nanotube:
The specific surface area of superelevation, good electric conductivity, excellent stable chemical property and wide potential window.But many feelings
Under condition carbon nanotube be all multiple-layer stacked together, area between layers is not utilized effectively, actual capacity ratio
Only wall carbon nano tube capacity is low.How to realize that effective dispersion of carbon nanotube is to improve and improve carbon nanotube chemical property
Important channel.In addition, carbon nanotube is overlapping with the compound also inhibition carbon nanotubes lamella of other nanostructures.By high capacity
Transition metal nitride or conducting polymer and carbon nanotube to carry out lamination compound, one side carbon nanotube by other substances every
Leave, reunion can be reduced, increase the mobility of electrolyte, on the other hand, carbon nanotube be it is compound after fake capacitance substance mention
Be supplied with electric power the three-dimensional network of sub- conduction.Composite material exhibits based on carbon nanotube go out synergistic effect, are obtaining the same of high capacity
When maintain good high rate performance.
Carbon paste electrode is the Carbon Materials using electric conductivity, if the adhesive of graphite powder and hydrophobicity is mixed and made into paste,
Then it is coated in the surface of electrode bar or is packed into electrode tube and manufactured a kind of electrode.Since carbon paste electrode is nontoxic, electric
The advantages that chemical window is wide, preparation method is simple, at low cost, surface easily updates, aftercurrent is small, is widely used to electrochemistry
In analysis, biosensor preparation and environment measuring, food and medicine analysis.But there is also some disadvantages for carbon paste electrode, such as conductive
Performance is poor, and sensitivity is low, stability difference etc..In order to improve the performance of carbon paste electrode, using titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite
Expect the conductive material as carbon paste electrode, improves electrode sensitivity and selectivity.
Paracetamol is most common non-anti-inflammatory analgesic-antipyretic, and refrigeration function is similar to aspirin, analgesic activity compared with
It is weak, it is kind best in acetophenone amine drug without anti-inflammatory anti rheumatism action.Particularly suitable for carboxylic acids drug cannot be applied
Patient.For the diseases such as catch a cold, have a toothache., suitable for fever caused by flu or alleviate the symptoms such as mild to moderate pain, for a long time
A large amount of medications will lead to hepatic and renal function exception.The method for having reported measurement paracetamol has spectrophotometry, high performance liquid chromatography
Method, capillary electrophoresis, titration and electrochemical method etc..It is that one kind is accurate using carbon paste electrode method measurement paracetamol,
Sensitive and effectively analysis method.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is prepare a kind of nitrogen using 1- butyl -1- methylpyrrole fluoroform sulphonate and as adhesive
Change titanium/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor, provides a kind of system of titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor
Preparation Method, and in application detection paracetamol.
Instrument and reagent
CHI660B electrochemical workstation (Shanghai Chen Hua instrument company), experiment use three-electrode system: platinum electrode is auxiliary electricity
Pole, Ag/AgCl are reference electrode (SCE), and the compound paste electrode of titanium nitride/carbon nanotube is working electrode;KQ-250E type ultrasound
Wave washer (Kun Feng ultrasonic instrument Co., Ltd).
Nano titanium nitride, carbon nanotube, 1- butyl -1- methylpyrrole fluoroform sulphonate, dehydrated alcohol, sulfuric acid, high iodine
Sour potassium, paracetamol, atoleine, agents useful for same are that analysis is pure, and water is deionized water.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of preparation method of titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor, which is characterized in that this method has
Following processing step:
(1) carbon nanotube pre-processes: in the reactor, it is added by following mass percent, 6mol/L sulfuric acid: 82 ~ 86%, and high iodine
Sour potassium: 4 ~ 8%, stirring and dissolving, addition carbon nanotube: 8 ~ 12%, the sum of each component mass percent is absolutely, to soak in room temperature
10 ~ 12h is steeped, then boils 30min, is cooled to room temperature, is separated by solid-liquid separation, is washed with deionized to neutrality, it is dry, it is ground to powder,
Up to pretreatment carbon nanotube;
(2) prepared by composite adhesive: in a kettle, being added by following mass percent, 1- butyl -1- methylpyrrole fluoroform
Sulfonate: 72 ~ 76%, cellulose: 24 ~ 28%, sealing cover is covered, is placed in insulating box, temperature is in 120 ± 2 DEG C of constant temperature, reaction 20
~ for 24 hours, viscous light yellow transparency liquid is obtained, is composite adhesive;
(3) titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor preparation: in the agate mortar, add by following mass percent
Enter, Nano titanium nitride: 36 ~ 42%, pretreatment carbon nanotube: 28 ~ 32%, composite adhesive: 12 ~ 16%, atoleine: 15 ~ 18%,
The sum of each component mass percent is absolutely, to grind uniformly at carbon paste shape, and then the loading of its carbon paste is connected in conducting wire
It is dry through being compacted in the glass tube for Φ 5mm, it is polished, is polished with abrasive paper for metallograph, deionized water is washed to get titanium nitride/carbon
Nanotube composite paste electrode sensor.
Atoleine described in step (3) is medical grade.
Titanium nitride/steps are as follows for carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor measurement paracetamol:
(1) standard solution is prepared: preparing the paracetamol standard solution of one group of various concentration including blank standard specimen, bottom liquid
For 0.15mol/L phosphate buffer solution pH=6.5;
It (2) is reference electrode by Ag/AgCl, platinum electrode is auxiliary electrode, and titanium nitride/carbon nanotube prepared by the present invention is multiple
It closes paste electrode working electrode and forms three-electrode system, connect CHI660B electrochemical workstation, bottom liquid is 0.15mol/L phosphate
Then buffer solution scans the solution using chronoamperometry, operating voltage 0.40V takes not in the potential range of 0 ~ 0.8V
Peak point current and paracetamol concentration with paracetamol under concentration are worked curve;This method shows very highly selective and clever
The concentration of quick property, response current and paracetamol is 4.0 × 10-8~2.0×10-4It is in good linear relationship within the scope of mol/L,
Coefficient R=0.9956, detection are limited to 1.52 × 10-8mol/L;
(3) detection of paracetamol: the paracetamol standard solution in step (1) is replaced with sample to be tested, according to step (2)
Method is detected, according to response the difference of current reduction△IAnd working curve, obtain containing for paracetamol in sample to be tested
Amount.Its rate of recovery is between 94.82 ~ 105.12%.
Advantages of the present invention and effect are:
(1) present invention prepares Nano titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor, and titanium nitride is added in carbon paste electrode,
With 1- butyl -1- methylpyrrole fluoroform sulphonate dissolution cellulose as composite adhesive, atoleine, will as adjuvant
The carbon paste electrode that titanium nitride and pretreatment carbon nanotube are mixed with improves 6 ~ 8 times than common carbon paste electrode electric conductivity, electricity
The advantages that chemical window is wide, preparation method is simple, at low cost, surface easily updates, aftercurrent is small;
(2) Nano titanium nitride prepared by the present invention/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor does not use during preparation and has
The reagent of poison, environment-friendly and green are prepared simple and easy;
(3) Nano titanium nitride prepared by the present invention/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor is used successfully to drug, biological sample
It in the detection of product paracetamol, solves paracetamol detection difficult, improves the sensitivity of detection.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) carbon nanotube pre-processes: in the reactor, be separately added into, 6mol/L sulfuric acid: 84 mL, potassium metaperiodate: 6g is stirred molten
Solution, carbon nanotube is added: 10g in soaking at room temperature 11h, then boils 30min, is cooled to room temperature, is separated by solid-liquid separation, is washed with deionized water
It washs to neutrality, it is dry, powder is ground to get pretreatment carbon nanotube;
(2) prepared by composite adhesive: it in a kettle, is separately added into, 1- butyl -1- methylpyrrole fluoroform sulphonate: 75g,
Cellulose: 25g covers sealing cover, is placed in insulating box, and temperature reacts 22h, obtain viscous light yellow in 120 ± 2 DEG C of constant temperature
Transparency liquid is composite adhesive;
(3) it titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor preparation: in the agate mortar, is separately added into, nano silicon nitride
Titanium: 38g pre-processes carbon nanotube: 30g, composite adhesive: 14g, atoleine: then 18g, grinding will uniformly at carbon paste shape
Its carbon paste is packed into the interior glass tube through being Φ 5mm for being connected with conducting wire, is compacted, dry, is polished, is polished with abrasive paper for metallograph, gone from
Sub- water washing is to get titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor.
Embodiment 2
(1) carbon nanotube pre-processes: in the reactor, be separately added into, 6mol/L sulfuric acid: 86mL, potassium metaperiodate: 5g is stirred molten
Solution, carbon nanotube is added: 8g in soaking at room temperature 10h, then boils 30min, is cooled to room temperature, is separated by solid-liquid separation, is washed with deionized
It is dry to neutrality, powder is ground to get pretreatment carbon nanotube;
(2) prepared by composite adhesive: it in a kettle, is separately added into, 1- butyl -1- methylpyrrole fluoroform sulphonate: 72g,
Cellulose: 28g covers sealing cover, is placed in insulating box, and temperature reacts 21h, obtain viscous light yellow in 120 ± 2 DEG C of constant temperature
Transparency liquid is composite adhesive;
(3) it titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor preparation: in the agate mortar, is separately added into, nano silicon nitride
Titanium: 42g pre-processes carbon nanotube: 28g, composite adhesive: 15g, atoleine: then 15g, grinding will uniformly at carbon paste shape
Its carbon paste is packed into the interior glass tube through being Φ 5mm for being connected with conducting wire, is compacted, dry, is polished, is polished with abrasive paper for metallograph, gone from
Sub- water washing is to get titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor.
Embodiment 3
(1) carbon nanotube pre-processes: in the reactor, be separately added into, 6mol/L sulfuric acid: 83mL, potassium metaperiodate: 4g is stirred molten
Solution, carbon nanotube is added: 12g in soaking at room temperature 12h, then boils 30min, is cooled to room temperature, is separated by solid-liquid separation, is washed with deionized water
It washs to neutrality, it is dry, powder is ground to get pretreatment carbon nanotube;
(2) prepared by composite adhesive: it in a kettle, is separately added into, 1- butyl -1- methylpyrrole fluoroform sulphonate: 76g,
Cellulose: 24g covers sealing cover, is placed in insulating box, and temperature reacts 20h, obtain viscous light yellow in 120 ± 2 DEG C of constant temperature
Transparency liquid is composite adhesive;
(3) it titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor preparation: in the agate mortar, is separately added into, nano silicon nitride
Titanium: 36g pre-processes carbon nanotube: 32g, composite adhesive: 16g, atoleine: then 16g, grinding will uniformly at carbon paste shape
Its carbon paste is packed into the interior glass tube through being Φ 5mm for being connected with conducting wire, is compacted, dry, is polished, is polished with abrasive paper for metallograph, gone from
Sub- water washing is to get titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor.
Embodiment 4
(1) carbon nanotube pre-processes: in the reactor, be separately added into, 6mol/L sulfuric acid: 85mL, potassium metaperiodate: 7g is stirred molten
Solution, carbon nanotube is added: 8g in soaking at room temperature 11h, then boils 30min, is cooled to room temperature, is separated by solid-liquid separation, is washed with deionized
It is dry to neutrality, powder is ground to get pretreatment carbon nanotube;
(2) prepared by composite adhesive: it in a kettle, is separately added into, 1- butyl -1- methylpyrrole fluoroform sulphonate: 73g,
Cellulose: 27g covers sealing cover, is placed in insulating box, and temperature for 24 hours, obtains viscous light yellow in 120 ± 2 DEG C of constant temperature, reaction
Transparency liquid is composite adhesive;
(3) it titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor preparation: in the agate mortar, is separately added into, nano silicon nitride
Titanium: 40g pre-processes carbon nanotube: 31g, composite adhesive: 12g, atoleine: then 17g, grinding will uniformly at carbon paste shape
Its carbon paste is packed into the interior glass tube through being Φ 5mm for being connected with conducting wire, is compacted, dry, is polished, is polished with abrasive paper for metallograph, gone from
Sub- water washing is to get titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor.
Embodiment 5
By titanium nitride prepared by above-described embodiment 1 ~ 4/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor, for flutterring hot breath in sample
The detection of pain, steps are as follows:
(1) standard solution is prepared: preparing the paracetamol standard solution of one group of various concentration including blank standard specimen, bottom liquid
For 0.15mol/L phosphate buffer solution pH=6.5;
It (2) is reference electrode by Ag/AgCl, platinum electrode is auxiliary electrode, and titanium nitride/carbon nanotube prepared by the present invention is multiple
It closes paste electrode working electrode and forms three-electrode system, connect CHI660B electrochemical workstation, bottom liquid is 0.15mol/L phosphate
Then buffer solution scans the solution using chronoamperometry, operating voltage 0.40V takes not in the potential range of 0 ~ 0.8V
Peak point current and paracetamol concentration with paracetamol under concentration are worked curve;This method shows very highly selective and clever
The concentration of quick property, response current and paracetamol is 4.0 × 10-8~2.0×10-4It is in good linear relationship within the scope of mol/L,
Coefficient R=0.9956, detection are limited to 1.52 × 10-8mol/L;
(3) detection of paracetamol: the paracetamol standard solution in step (1) is replaced with sample to be tested, according to step (2)
Method is detected, according to response the difference of current reduction△IAnd working curve, obtain containing for paracetamol in sample to be tested
Amount.Its rate of recovery is between 94.82 ~ 105.12%.
Titanium nitride prepared by the present invention/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor is used successfully to drug, flutters in biological sample
In the detection of heat breath pain, therefore molecular engram sensor prepared by the present invention can be widely applied to biological medicine, biological sample inspection
The related fieldss such as survey solve the difficulty of paracetamol detection.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor preparation method, which is characterized in that this method have with
Lower processing step:
(1) carbon nanotube pre-processes: in the reactor, it is added by following mass percent, 6mol/L sulfuric acid: 82 ~ 86%, and high iodine
Sour potassium: 4 ~ 8%, stirring and dissolving, addition carbon nanotube: 8 ~ 12%, the sum of each component mass percent is absolutely, to soak in room temperature
10 ~ 12h is steeped, then boils 30min, is cooled to room temperature, is separated by solid-liquid separation, is washed with deionized to neutrality, it is dry, it is ground to powder,
Up to pretreatment carbon nanotube;
(2) prepared by composite adhesive: in a kettle, being added by following mass percent, 1- butyl -1- methylpyrrole fluoroform
Sulfonate: 72 ~ 76%, cellulose: 24 ~ 28%, sealing cover is covered, is placed in insulating box, temperature is in 120 ± 2 DEG C of constant temperature, reaction 20
~ for 24 hours, viscous light yellow transparency liquid is obtained, is composite adhesive;
(3) titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor preparation: in the agate mortar, add by following mass percent
Enter, Nano titanium nitride: 36 ~ 42%, pretreatment carbon nanotube: 28 ~ 32%, composite adhesive: 12 ~ 16%, atoleine: 15 ~ 18%,
The sum of each component mass percent is absolutely, to grind uniformly at carbon paste shape, and then the loading of its carbon paste is connected in conducting wire
It is dry through being compacted in the glass tube for Φ 5mm, it is polished, is polished with abrasive paper for metallograph, deionized water is washed to get titanium nitride/carbon
Nanotube composite paste electrode sensor.
2. a kind of titanium nitride according to claim 1/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor preparation method, special
Sign is that atoleine described in step (3) is medical grade.
3. a kind of titanium nitride according to claim 1/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor preparation method is made
Standby titanium nitride/carbon nanotube composite paste electrode sensor.
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