CN110441030B - Channel alignment system and channel alignment method of planar waveguide device - Google Patents
Channel alignment system and channel alignment method of planar waveguide device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a channel alignment system and a channel alignment method of a planar waveguide device, wherein the channel alignment system comprises a broadband light source, a collimator and a detector; the broadband light source is connected with a first optical fiber, the first optical fiber is pre-aligned with the input end of the device to be coupled, the collimator is pre-aligned with any output channel of the device to be coupled, and the collimator is connected with the detector; the broadband light source is used for emitting optical signals with set wavelength, the optical signals are monitored by the detector after passing through the first optical fiber, the device to be coupled and the collimator, and whether channels of the first optical fiber and the device to be coupled are aligned or not is determined according to monitoring results of the detector. The channel alignment system solves the problem of multi-channel automatic alignment in automatic coupling, reduces the difficulty of coupling alignment and improves the coupling efficiency and the product percent of pass through the mutual matching of the broadband light source, the collimator and the detector. Moreover, the system is simpler and the cost is lower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical communication, and particularly relates to a channel alignment system and a channel alignment method of a planar waveguide device.
Background
The Planar Waveguide device has wide application in the field of optical communication, and mainly includes an Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG for short), a PLC (PLC) type adjustable attenuator, an MZI (Mach-Zehnder Interferometer for short), and the like.
For example, chinese patent CN102540350A proposes a temperature insensitive arrayed waveguide grating for implementing bilinear temperature compensation, and chinese patent CN107608029A proposes an arrayed tunable optical attenuator, its attenuation and manufacturing method, etc. to introduce the application fields and advantages of such devices. The devices belong to planar optical waveguide devices, and the chip forms of the devices are similar, so that the planar optical waveguide devices can be led into the same automatic coupling production platform. For high volume manufacturing, the chip optical circuit channels are narrow, typically 4.4 μm X4.4.4 μm in channel width, large in number of channels (e.g., typically 4CH, 24CH, 48CH, or 96CH, etc.), and small in channel pitch (e.g., typically 127 μm or 254 μm). Fiber optic ribbons (FA for short) coupled to optical device chips, for ribbons made of single-mode fibers, have a core diameter of 9 μm, a cladding diameter of 125 μm, a typical core pitch of 254 μm, and a high number of ribbon Array channels (e.g., typically a single channel, 4CH, 12CH, 24CH, 48CH, or 96CH, etc.). Due to the factors, the coupling alignment difficulty is high in the coupling production process of the planar waveguide optical device chip and the FA, the phenomenon of channel alignment error is easily generated, and finally the problems of low coupling efficiency, low qualified rate and the like of products are caused.
At present, for manual coupling of a planar optical waveguide device chip and an FA, channel alignment is mainly performed by means of a red light source, and the operation mode is as follows: the input end of the chip of the device to be coupled is connected with a red light source, the propagation condition of red light in the FA and chip channels is observed through a microscope, and whether channel alignment (manual coupling) is carried out or not is checked. For the automatic coupling of the planar optical waveguide device chip and the FA, the device does not have the function of identifying the red light source by human eyes, so the coupling technical method is not suitable for the automatic coupling, and if the difficulty of developing a visual identification system is high, the cost is overhigh and the system is complex.
In view of the above, overcoming the drawbacks of the prior art is an urgent problem in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a channel alignment system and a channel alignment method of a planar waveguide device, aiming at reducing the difficulty of coupling alignment and improving the coupling efficiency and the product percent of pass through the mutual matching among a broadband light source, a collimator and a detector. Moreover, the system is simpler and the cost is lower.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a channel alignment system of a planar waveguide-type device, the channel alignment system including a broadband light source, a collimator, and a detector;
the broadband light source is connected with a first optical fiber, the first optical fiber is pre-aligned with the input end of a device to be coupled, the collimator is pre-aligned with any output channel of the device to be coupled, and the collimator is connected with the detector;
the broadband light source is used for emitting optical signals with set wavelength, the optical signals are monitored by the detector after passing through the first optical fiber, the device to be coupled and the collimator, and whether channels of the first optical fiber and the device to be coupled are aligned or not is determined according to a monitoring result of the detector.
Preferably, the device to be coupled comprises a plurality of input channels and a plurality of output channels;
the collimator specifically comprises a first collimator and a second collimator, the first collimator is pre-aligned with one of the output channels of the device to be coupled, and the second collimator is pre-aligned with the other output channel of the device to be coupled;
the detector specifically comprises a first detector and a second detector, the first detector is connected with the first collimator, the second detector is connected with the second collimator, and the distance between the first collimator and the second collimator is an integral multiple of the channel pitch of the device to be coupled;
the broadband light source is used for emitting optical signals with set wavelength, the optical signals are monitored by the first detector and the second detector after passing through the first optical fiber, the device to be coupled, the first collimator and the second collimator, and whether channels of the first optical fiber and the device to be coupled are aligned or not is determined according to monitoring results of the first detector and the second detector.
Preferably, the channel alignment system further comprises a coupler, the coupler being connected to the broadband light source, the first optical fiber being connected to the coupler;
the coupler is used for dividing the optical signal into two paths so as to input the two paths of optical signals into corresponding channels of the first optical fiber respectively.
Preferably, after the first optical fiber and the channel of the device to be coupled are aligned, the output end of the device to be coupled is pre-aligned with the second optical fiber, wherein the device to be coupled comprises a plurality of output channels;
the detector specifically comprises a first detector and a second detector, the first detector is connected with one channel of the second optical fiber, and the second detector is connected with the other channel of the second optical fiber;
the broadband light source is used for emitting optical signals with set wavelength, the optical signals are monitored by the first detector and the second detector after passing through the first optical fiber, the device to be coupled and the second optical fiber, and whether channels of the second optical fiber and the device to be coupled are aligned or not is determined according to monitoring results of the first detector and the second detector.
Preferably, the channel alignment system comprises a testing device, a tunable laser, a polarizer and a polarization controller, wherein the tunable laser is connected with the polarizer, and the polarizer is connected with the polarization controller;
after the device to be coupled is aligned with the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber respectively, the first optical fiber is connected with the polarization controller, and the second optical fiber is connected with the testing device;
the testing device is used for detecting signals so as to determine whether the coupling alignment condition of the device to be coupled and the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber meets set optical indexes.
Preferably, the spot diameter of the collimator is smaller than the distance between the collimator and the device to be coupled;
the collimator is inclined by a set angle with respect to a horizontal plane, wherein the set angle is determined by an end face inclination of the device to be coupled.
Preferably, the wavelength range of the optical signal output by the broadband light source is 800nm to 1600nm, and the broadband light source comprises an ASE broadband light source.
Preferably, the channel alignment system comprises an automatic coupling device for coupling the device to be coupled 1 with the optical fiber 2, the automatic coupling device comprising: the clamping mechanism 3 and the adjusting mechanism 4, wherein the clamping mechanism 3 is arranged on the adjusting mechanism 4;
the clamping mechanism 3 comprises a sliding table 31 and an elastic piece 32, and one end of the elastic piece 32 is connected with the sliding table 31;
the clamping mechanism 3 is used for clamping the optical fiber 2; the adjusting mechanism 4 is used for adjusting the posture of the clamping mechanism 3;
in the process that the adjusting mechanism 4 adjusts the posture of the clamping mechanism 3, the contact state between the optical fiber 2 and the device to be coupled 1 is monitored according to the change of the compression state of the elastic piece 32, so that the end face of the optical fiber 2 is parallel to the end face of the device to be coupled 1.
Preferably, the clamping mechanism 3 further comprises a base 33 and a displacement sensor 341, the displacement sensor 341 is disposed on the base 33, and the other end of the elastic member 32 is connected to the base 33;
the displacement sensor 341 is configured to detect a displacement change of the sliding table 31 relative to the displacement sensor 341, so as to trigger the adjusting mechanism 4 to adjust the posture of the clamping mechanism 3;
the change of the compression state of the elastic element 32 is represented by a displacement change of the sliding table 31 relative to the displacement sensor 341.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a channel alignment method for a planar waveguide device, the channel alignment method being performed based on the channel alignment system of the present invention, the channel alignment method comprising:
connecting the first optical fiber with the broadband light source, pre-aligning the first optical fiber with the input end of the device to be coupled, and pre-aligning the collimator with any output channel of the device to be coupled;
judging whether the detector monitors the photocurrent, and determining whether the channels of the first optical fiber and the device to be coupled are aligned according to the photocurrent monitored by the detector
Generally, compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a channel alignment system and a channel alignment method of a planar waveguide device, wherein the channel alignment system comprises a broadband light source, a collimator and a detector; the broadband light source is connected with a first optical fiber, the first optical fiber is pre-aligned with the input end of the device to be coupled, the collimator is pre-aligned with any output channel of the device to be coupled, and the collimator is connected with the detector. The channel alignment system solves the problem of multi-channel automatic alignment in automatic coupling, reduces the difficulty of coupling alignment and improves the coupling efficiency and the product percent of pass through the mutual matching of the broadband light source, the collimator and the detector. Moreover, the system is simpler and the cost is lower.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first channel alignment system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a relative position relationship between a device to be coupled and a collimator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second channel alignment system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary line of the cross light finding method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third channel alignment system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fourth channel alignment system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth channel alignment system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic coupling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a front view schematically illustrating a clamping mechanism according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a schematic top view of a clamping mechanism according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another automatic coupling device provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of another clamping mechanism provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a flow chart illustrating a method for aligning a via according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a motion trajectory corresponding to a light finding method for returning a character according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "inner", "outer", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are for convenience only to describe the present invention without requiring the present invention to be necessarily constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1:
the present embodiment provides a channel alignment system of a planar waveguide device, as shown in fig. 1, the channel alignment system includes a broadband light source, a collimator, and a detector.
The wavelength range of the optical signal output by the broadband light source is 800 nm-1600 nm, and in a preferred scheme, the wavelength range of the optical signal output by the broadband light source is 1528 nm-1565 nm. For example, the broadband light source includes an ASE (amplified spontaneous emission) broadband light source, and the broadband light source may be other types of light sources, which is not particularly limited herein. In an actual application scene, the ASE broadband light source is used as a light source for finding light in a channel, the ASE broadband light source is widely applied to production and laboratories, the light source technology is mature, the light sense can be detected more easily by a detector, and the channel can be detected and aligned more easily.
The collimator is a multi-mode collimator which can receive light in multiple modes, and the multi-mode collimator has a large detection light sensation range due to a large numerical aperture, so that light paths are aligned more easily. In this embodiment, an appropriate collimator may be selected according to characteristic parameters such as the spot diameter, the working distance, and the receiving wavelength.
In this embodiment, the broadband light source is configured to be connected to a first optical fiber, the first optical fiber is pre-aligned with an input end of a device to be coupled, the collimator is pre-aligned with any output channel of the device to be coupled, and the collimator is connected to the detector. The first optical fiber is an optical fiber to be coupled.
In practical use, the broadband light source is configured to emit an optical signal with a set wavelength, and the optical signal is monitored by the detector after passing through the first optical fiber, the device to be coupled, and the collimator, so as to determine whether channels of the first optical fiber and the device to be coupled are aligned according to a monitoring result of the detector.
Further, the channel alignment system further comprises a connector, wherein the connector is an optical connector, the connector can be an FC-type connector, the broadband light source and the first optical fiber are connected through the connector, insertion loss can be reduced through the connector, and efficiency is improved. In addition, the first optical fiber and the broadband light source can be connected in a fusion optical fiber mode, or the first optical fiber and the broadband light source can be connected by adopting devices such as an optical fiber aligner or an MPO connector, and the selected connection form is not specifically limited, so that the optical index requirement of a coupling product can be met.
The first optical fiber can be a single-core FA or a multi-core FA, for example, the first optical fiber can be a bare fiber with an optical fiber coating stripped off, the bare fiber with the optical fiber coating stripped off is applied to a waveguide optical device chip coupling test, and the end face of the bare fiber needs to be cut flat by an optical fiber cutter, so that the influence of the optical fiber end face on optical path insertion loss IL, return loss RL, polarization-related loss PDL and the like is reduced.
In a specific application scene, the first optical fiber controls the first optical fiber to move in the range of the coupling channel through the automatic fine tuning frame, in the coupling process of the waveguide type optical device chip, the waveguide and the optical path of the optical fiber are coupled and sensitive to radial mismatch, and the radial mismatch coupling efficiency eta of the waveguide type optical device chip is higher than that of the optical fiberxCan be calculated by the following formula:
where ω is the diameter of the mode spot of the gaussian beam and dx is the radial separation of the two optical axes.
Therefore, after the end face of the first optical fiber is parallel to the light-in end face of the waveguide optical device chip, the channel alignment is carried out. The following will specifically describe components involved in the parallel alignment between the end surface of the first optical fiber and the light-incident end surface of the waveguide-type optical device chip and the leveling process.
When the first optical fiber is a single-core optical fiber, the input end of the device to be coupled is a single channel, and the output end of the device to be coupled is multi-channel, the channel alignment can be performed in the manner shown in fig. 1.
In practical use, the detector is first subjected to light storage to eliminate insertion loss in an optical path, and specifically, the detector is connected with a broadband light source to store light. Then, the first optical fiber is connected with the broadband light source, specifically, the first optical fiber can be connected with the broadband light source by adopting a connector and a flange, and then the first optical fiber is pre-aligned with the input end of the device to be coupled, wherein the pre-alignment can be carried out by adopting a semi-finished product after coupling alignment as a reference object. And finally, pre-aligning the collimator with the output end of the device to be coupled, and judging and determining whether the collimator is in a pre-alignment position or not by using the coupled and aligned semi-finished product as a reference object according to the current condition detected by the detector.
In this embodiment, the multi-mode collimator is made of C-Lens and pins, where the optical parameters of the C-Lens determine whether the detector can receive light more easily. The central wavelength of the multimode collimator corresponds to the wavelength of the broadband light source, generally the central wavelength of the multimode collimator is 850nm or 1310nm, and the bandwidth is 850/1310 +/-50 nm. The working distance of the multimode collimator, which is the focal length of the lens included in the collimator, e.g. typically 4mm, which depends on the radius of curvature of the selected lens, should be chosen appropriately to avoid collision of the fiber with the device to be coupled. The insertion loss IL of the multimode collimator is required to be as small as possible, and the IL is generally required to be less than 0.3dB so as to increase the sensitivity of the detection light.
In an actual application scene, the diameter of a light spot of the collimator needs to be selected to be a proper value, and if the diameter of the light spot is too small, the collimator and the waveguide at the output end of the device to be coupled are difficult to align and cannot receive light output by the device to be coupled; if the multimode diameter is too large, the distance between adjacent waveguides of the device to be coupled is a certain value and is small, and the light received by the collimator may be light emitted from a plurality of waveguide channels, which causes misalignment. In a preferred embodiment, the spot diameter of the collimator is smaller than the distance between the collimator and the device to be coupled, so as to ensure that the spot diameter of the collimator is matched with the device to be coupled.
In addition, as shown in fig. 2, since the end face of the device to be coupled is generally ground to a certain inclination angle to increase the return loss, in order to make it easier for the collimator to receive the light output from the device to be coupled, the collimator is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane by a set angle, wherein the set angle is determined by the inclination angle of the end face of the device to be coupled.
According to the method, after the connection relation and the relative position of each component are set, the broadband light source is started, and if current is detected on the detector side, the first optical fiber and the channel of the input end of the device to be coupled are coupled and aligned, and the first optical fiber and the device to be coupled are bonded together.
As shown in fig. 3, the detector specifically includes a first detector and a second detector, after the first optical fiber is aligned with the device to be coupled, the collimator is removed, and the second optical fiber is pre-aligned with the output end of the device to be coupled, where the first detector is connected to one of the channels of the second optical fiber, and the second detector is connected to the other channel of the second optical fiber. The second optical fiber is an optical fiber to be coupled, for example, the first detector is connected to a first channel of the second optical fiber, and the second detector is connected to a last channel of the second optical fiber. After one of the channels is aligned by the coupling algorithm, the other channel is aligned. At this time, the device to be coupled and the optical fiber are in a coarse alignment position, and at this time, the optical path insertion loss is not simultaneously minimum, and it is necessary to further determine the rotation angle of the optical fiber according to a cross light finding angle compensation method, and perform fine adjustment on the optical fiber, so that the optical path insertion loss is minimum.
Specifically, by recording coordinate values of the two channels in alignment, the rotation angle of the second optical fiber is calculated according to a cross light finding method, so that the two channels are aligned simultaneously. When the two channels of the second optical fiber are aligned simultaneously, the second optical fiber is aligned with the device to be coupled.
The specific implementation of the cross light finding angle compensation method is as follows:
as shown in fig. 4, the solid line indicates the cross section of the second optical fiber in the X-axis direction, CH1 and CH2 are two channels of the second optical fiber, wherein CH1 connects the second detector, CH2 connects the first detector, and the distance between channel CH1 and channel CH2 is L. The steps for determining the angle of rotation are as follows: after the rough light finding is carried out in the mode, the second optical fiber is located at the initial position; the first detector is used for cross light finding, and the channel CH2 on the second optical fiber is positioned at the optical path coupling position point A (x)1，y1) (ii) a By the secondThe detector performs cross light finding, the channel CH1 on the second optical fiber is at the optical path coupling position C, and the channel CH2 is at the position B (x)2，y2) To (3). From the coordinates of the position point a and the position point B, a compensation angle θ (i.e., a rotation angle) is calculated, which can be obtained from a trigonometric function relationship:
Δx＝|x1-x2|
Δy＝|y1-y2|
then, the compensation angle θ is converted into an angular representation:
finally, the direction of rotation is determined from position a and position B, in particular: y is1＜y2When the temperature is high, the THZ rotates in the positive direction; y is1＞y2When this occurs, THZ rotates in the negative direction.
In this embodiment, after the end surface of the second optical fiber is parallel to the light-emitting end surface of the waveguide optical device chip, the channel alignment is performed. The following will specifically describe the components involved in the parallel alignment between the end surface of the second optical fiber and the light-emitting end surface of the waveguide-type optical device chip and the alignment process.
And after the device to be coupled is aligned with the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber, further testing the coupled device to further determine the coupling alignment condition. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the channel alignment system includes a testing device, a tunable laser, a polarizer, and a polarization controller, where the tunable laser is connected to the polarizer, and the polarizer is connected to the polarization controller.
After the device to be coupled is aligned with the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber respectively, the first optical fiber is connected with the polarization controller, and the second optical fiber is connected with the testing device; the tunable laser, the polarizer and the polarization controller are matched together to send out signals, and the testing device is used for detecting the signals to determine whether the coupling alignment condition of the device to be coupled and the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber meets set optical indexes, wherein the optical indexes comprise coupling insertion loss, central wavelength and the like.
When the first optical fiber is a multi-core optical fiber, the input end of the device to be coupled is multi-channel, and the output end of the device to be coupled is multi-channel, the channel alignment may be performed in a manner as shown in fig. 6.
In practical use, the detector is first subjected to light storage to eliminate insertion loss in an optical path, and specifically, the detector is connected with a broadband light source to store light. Then, the first optical fiber is connected with the broadband light source, specifically, the first optical fiber can be connected with the broadband light source by adopting a connector and a flange, and then the first optical fiber is pre-aligned with the input end of the device to be coupled, wherein the pre-alignment can be carried out by adopting a semi-finished product after coupling alignment as a reference object. And finally, pre-aligning the collimator with the output end of the device to be coupled, and judging and determining whether the collimator is in a pre-alignment position or not by using the coupled and aligned semi-finished product as a reference object and detecting the current condition through a detector.
The collimator specifically includes a first collimator pre-aligned with one of the output channels of the device to be coupled and a second collimator pre-aligned with the other output channel of the device to be coupled. For example, the first collimator is connected to a first channel of the device to be coupled, and the second collimator is connected to a last channel of the device to be coupled.
The detector specifically comprises a first detector and a second detector, the first detector is connected with the first collimator, the second detector is connected with the second collimator, and the distance between the first collimator and the second collimator is an integral multiple of the channel pitch of the device to be coupled.
Further, the channel alignment system further comprises a coupler, the coupler is connected with the broadband light source, and the first optical fiber is connected with the coupler; the coupler is used for dividing the optical signal into two paths so as to input the two paths of optical signals into corresponding channels of the first optical fiber respectively.
The broadband light source is used for emitting optical signals with set wavelength, the optical signals are monitored by the first detector and the second detector after passing through the first optical fiber, the device to be coupled, the first collimator and the second collimator, and whether channels of the first optical fiber and the device to be coupled are aligned or not is determined according to monitoring results of the first detector and the second detector.
After the connection relation among all the components and the relative positions among all the components are set, the broadband light source is started, and if the current is detected on the side of the detector, the detection results of the first detector and the second detector are combined, and after being aligned to one channel through a coupling algorithm, the other channel is aligned.
The rotation angle of the first optical fiber is calculated by recording the coordinate values when the two channels are aligned, so that the two channels are aligned simultaneously. When the two channels of the first optical fiber are aligned simultaneously, the first optical fiber is aligned with the device to be coupled, and the determination method of the rotation angle may be calculated according to the foregoing manner, which is not described herein again.
After the first optical fiber and the channel at the input end of the device to be coupled are aligned in a coupling mode, the first optical fiber and the device to be coupled are bonded together.
After the channels of the first optical fiber and the device to be coupled are aligned, performing output end coupling according to the mode shown in fig. 3, wherein the output end of the device to be coupled is pre-aligned with the second optical fiber, and the device to be coupled comprises a plurality of output channels; the detector specifically comprises a first detector and a second detector, the first detector is connected with one channel of the second optical fiber, and the second detector is connected with the other channel of the second optical fiber.
The broadband light source is used for emitting optical signals with set wavelength, the optical signals are monitored by the first detector and the second detector after passing through the first optical fiber, the device to be coupled and the second optical fiber, and whether channels of the second optical fiber and the device to be coupled are aligned or not is determined according to monitoring results of the first detector and the second detector. For example, the first detector is connected to a first channel of the second optical fiber and the second detector is connected to a last channel of the second optical fiber. After one of the channels is aligned by the coupling algorithm, the other channel is aligned. At this time, the device to be coupled and the optical fiber are in a coarse alignment position, and at this time, the insertion loss of the optical path is not minimum, and it is necessary to further determine the rotation angle of the optical fiber according to a cross light finding method, and perform fine adjustment on the optical fiber, so that the insertion loss of the optical path is minimum.
Specifically, the rotation angle of the second optical fiber is calculated according to the cross light finding angle compensation method by recording coordinate values when the two channels are aligned, so that the two channels are aligned simultaneously. When the two channels of the second optical fiber are aligned simultaneously, the second optical fiber is aligned with the device to be coupled.
After the device to be coupled is aligned with both the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber, the device after alignment coupling is further tested to further determine the coupling alignment condition. Specifically, the test may be performed in the manner shown in fig. 5, and details are not repeated here.
In another alternative, the aligned coupling of the second fiber to the device to be coupled may be performed in the manner shown in FIG. 7, depending on the reversibility of the optical path. The channel alignment system comprises a broadband light source, a connector, an optical splitter, an optical adapter, a collimator and a detector, wherein the broadband light source is sequentially connected with the connector, the optical splitter and the optical adapter, the optical splitter is used for dividing signals emitted by the broadband light source into two paths, the optical adapter is connected with a corresponding channel of a second optical fiber, the second optical fiber is aligned with an output channel of a device to be coupled, the collimator is aligned with an input channel of the device to be coupled, and the detector is connected with the collimator.
After the connection relation among the components and the relative positions among the components are set, the broadband light source is started, and if current is detected on the detector side, the second optical fiber is aligned with a channel of the device to be coupled.
In practical application scenarios, the detector may be replaced by an optical testing system, and the optical indicators of the optical device are tested by the optical testing system to determine whether the channels are aligned, for example, the optical indicators such as RL, 0.5dB bandwidth, 1dB bandwidth, 3dB bandwidth, 20dB bandwidth, center wavelength, or crosstalk
Referring to embodiment 2, the structure and the corresponding parallel alignment process of the device for leveling the input end and the output end of the optical fiber and the device to be coupled in this embodiment will be described in detail, and the alignment of the channels will be performed after the optical fiber is parallel to the input end and the output end of the coupler.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 8 and 9, the channel alignment system of this embodiment further includes an automatic coupling device, which is configured to couple the device to be coupled 1 and the optical fiber 2, where the optical fiber 2 may be the first optical fiber in embodiment 1 or may be the second optical fiber, and the device to be coupled 1 corresponds to the device to be coupled in embodiment 1, where the automatic coupling device includes: the clamping mechanism 3 and the adjusting mechanism 4, the clamping mechanism 3 is arranged on the adjusting mechanism 4.
In this embodiment, the clamping mechanism 3 includes a slide table 31 and an elastic member 32, and one end of the elastic member 32 is connected to the slide table 31. The elastic member 32 may be a spring, and the elastic force of the spring is not too large, which may cause the edge breakage of the device to be coupled 1. In an alternative embodiment, the maximum load of the spring is 4N, the spring constant is greater than 1.0N/mm, and in an actual design process, the friction force when the sliding table 31 slides and other factors may be considered comprehensively, and the spring with appropriate parameters may be selected, which is not specifically limited herein.
In the actual adjusting process, the clamping mechanism 3 is used for clamping the optical fiber 2, the adjusting mechanism 4 is used for adjusting the posture of the clamping mechanism 3, and in the process that the adjusting mechanism 4 adjusts the posture of the clamping mechanism 3, the contact state between the optical fiber 2 and the device to be coupled 1 is monitored according to the change of the compression state of the elastic piece 32, so that the end face of the optical fiber 2 is parallel to the end face of the device to be coupled 1. And after the end face of the optical fiber 2 is parallel to the end face of the device to be coupled 1, performing channel alignment operation.
In a specific application scenario, the adjusting mechanism 4 adjusts the posture of the clamping mechanism 3 according to the compression state of the elastic member 32. With continued reference to fig. 9, an alternative solution exists for this embodiment: the clamping mechanism 3 further comprises a base 33 and a displacement sensor 341, the displacement sensor 341 is arranged on the base 33, and the other end of the elastic member 32 is connected with the base 33; the displacement sensor 341 is configured to detect a displacement change of the sliding table 31 relative to the displacement sensor 341, so as to trigger the adjusting mechanism 4 to adjust the posture of the clamping mechanism 3. The change of the compression state of the elastic element 32 is represented by a displacement change of the sliding table 31 relative to the displacement sensor 341.
Specifically, the displacement sensor 341 is a precise device and can detect displacement change of a micron level, the probe of the displacement sensor 341 is disposed toward the sliding table 31, the displacement sensor 341 converts a weak displacement change between the sliding table 31 and the probe of the displacement sensor 341 into a current value change, and detects the displacement of the sliding table 31 according to the current value change, thereby monitoring the collision state between the end surface of the optical fiber 2 and the end surface of the device to be coupled 1.
Further, a guide rail 35 is arranged on the base 33, and the sliding table 31 is slidably connected with the base 33 through the guide rail 35; the guide rail 35 is provided with a limiting portion 351, and the limiting portion 351 and the elastic element 32 are respectively arranged on two sides of the sliding table 31, which are opposite to each other. The guide rail 35 is a precision device, the friction force is small, and the sliding table 31 can smoothly and freely slide on the guide rail 35.
In a specific application scenario, when the device to be coupled 1 and the optical fiber 2 are not yet in contact, the sliding table 31 is in an initial state relative to the base 33, at this time, the left end of the sliding table 31 abuts against the limiting portion 351, and the elastic member 32 is in a compressed state, so that the force received by the left end of the sliding table 31 and the force received by the right end of the sliding table 31 reach a balanced state.
In a preferred embodiment, a sufficient initial distance should be reserved between the probe of the displacement sensor 341 and the sliding table 31 to prevent the sliding table 31 from colliding with the probe of the displacement sensor 341 when the sliding table 31 moves in a direction approaching the displacement sensor 341. Here, the initial distance refers to a distance between the probe of the displacement sensor 341 and the slide table 31 when the slide table 31 is in the initial state with respect to the base 33. The initial distance may be any value from 300 μm to 1000 μm, depending on the actual situation.
In this embodiment, the clamping mechanism 3 further includes a positioning assembly 36, the positioning assembly 36 is disposed on the base 33, and the positioning assembly 36 and the elastic member 32 are located on the same side of the sliding table 31; after the end face of the optical fiber 2 is parallel to the end face of the device to be coupled 1, the positioning assembly 36 abuts against the sliding table 31, so that the state of the elastic element 32 is maintained unchanged, and the end face of the optical fiber 2 and the end face of the device to be coupled 1 are further ensured to be a fixed value. And then, filling ultraviolet glue between the end face of the optical fiber 2 and the end face of the device to be coupled 1 by using a capillary principle, and irradiating and curing the ultraviolet glue by using an ultraviolet lamp, thereby completing the coupling of the optical fiber 2 and the device to be coupled 1.
In an alternative embodiment, positioning assembly 36 is pneumatically controlled and solenoid valves switch pneumatic passages in positioning assembly 36 to switch positioning assembly 36 between the eject and rebound states. In a practical application scenario, in the process of adjusting the parallelism between the end face of the device to be coupled 1 and the end face of the optical fiber 2, the positioning assembly 36 is in a rebound state (as shown in fig. 9), and does not apply a force to the sliding table 31; after parallelism adjustment is completed and before dispensing is performed, the positioning assembly 36 is in an ejection state and abuts against the sliding table 31 to apply force to the sliding table 31, so that the sliding table 31 is prevented from compressing the elastic piece 32 to move in the dispensing process, and the distance between the device to be coupled 1 and the optical fiber 2 is ensured to be fixed.
In an actual application scenario, the clamping mechanism 3 further includes a clamping block 37, the clamping block 37 is disposed on the sliding table 31, and the clamping block 37 is used for clamping the optical fiber 2. The clamping block 37 can be laterally clamped or pressed downwards, a proper clamping mode can be selected according to the structural form of the device to be coupled 1, however, when the lateral clamping type clamping block 37 is used for clamping the optical fiber 2, the width consistency of the side face of the optical fiber 2 is good, the optical fiber 2 is convenient to clamp, and the clamping mode is preferable.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, a specific clamping mechanism 3 is shown. The clamping block 37 includes a first clamping portion 371, a second clamping portion 372 and an adjusting portion 373, the optical fiber 2 is disposed between the first clamping portion 371 and the second clamping portion 372, and the adjusting portion 373 is used for adjusting the distance between the first clamping portion 371 and the second clamping portion 372 to adapt to clamp optical fibers 2 of different sizes.
In a specific application scenario, the automatic coupling apparatus further includes a fixing platform 5, and the fixing platform 5 is used for fixing the device to be coupled 1. The adjusting mechanism 4 includes an X-axis adjusting assembly 41, a Y-axis adjusting assembly 42, a Z-axis adjusting assembly 43, a first rotating adjusting assembly 44, and a second rotating adjusting assembly 45, wherein the first rotating adjusting assembly 44 rotates along the X-axis, and the second rotating adjusting assembly 45 rotates along the Y-axis. The adjusting mechanism 4 further comprises a third rotary adjusting assembly 46, and the third rotary adjusting assembly 46 rotates along the Z axis. In this embodiment, the adjusting mechanism 4 can complete six-degree-of-freedom adjustment, so as to adjust the posture of the clamping mechanism 3, so that the end face of the device to be coupled 1 is parallel to the end face of the optical fiber 2. Under the specific application scene, each adjusting component in adjusting mechanism 4 all can be by motor control, improves the automation.
In a practical application scenario, as shown in fig. 12, the number of the adjusting mechanism 4 and the number of the clamping mechanism 3 may be two, specifically, the adjusting mechanism 4 specifically includes a first adjusting mechanism 4-1 and a second adjusting mechanism 4-2; the number of the clamping mechanisms 3 is two, and the clamping mechanisms 3 specifically comprise first clamping mechanisms 3-1 and second clamping mechanisms 3-2. The first clamping mechanism 3-1 is arranged on the first adjusting mechanism 4-1, and the second clamping mechanism 3-2 is arranged on the second adjusting mechanism 4-2; the first clamping mechanism 3-1 and the second clamping mechanism 3-2 are oppositely arranged relative to the fixed platform 5; the first adjusting mechanism 4-1 and the second adjusting mechanism 4-2 are oppositely arranged relative to the fixed platform 5. The automatic coupling device is not only suitable for single-side coupling but also suitable for double-side coupling, can complete the coupling of end faces at two sides simultaneously through one-time coupling operation, and is particularly suitable for scenes in which the input end of the device to be coupled 1 and the output end of the device to be coupled 1 need to be coupled with the optical fiber 2.
There is another alternative to this embodiment, which detects the compression state of the elastic member 32 so that the adjusting mechanism 4 adjusts the posture of the gripping mechanism 3. As shown in fig. 13, the clamping mechanism 3 further includes a pressure sensor 342, the pressure sensor 342 is disposed on the base 33, and the other end of the elastic member 32 is connected to the pressure sensor 342; the pressure sensor 342 is used for detecting the elastic force change of the elastic member 32 to trigger the adjusting mechanism 4 to adjust the posture of the clamping mechanism 3.
The present embodiment detects the change of the elastic force of the elastic member 32 by the pressure sensor 342 to determine the compression state of the elastic member 32, the distance between the slide table 31 and the base 33, and thus the posture of the chucking mechanism 3.
The automatic coupling device of this embodiment, at the in-process that adjustment mechanism 4 adjusted fixture 3's gesture, elastic component 32 is in compression state, can avoid the in-process slip table 31 in the regulation terminal surface depth of parallelism backsliding under the effect of gravity, can monitor the displacement volume change of slip table 31 more accurately to effectively adjust fixture 3's gesture, make the terminal surface of optic fibre 2 parallel with the terminal surface of waiting to couple device 1, and the uniformity is better.
By means of the automatic coupling device of this embodiment, the relative positions of the optical fiber and the device to be coupled are adjusted so that the end face of the optical fiber is parallel to the end face of the device to be coupled, and the channel alignment is performed in the manner of the foregoing embodiment 1 on the basis that the end faces are parallel.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 14, based on the foregoing embodiments 1 and 2, this embodiment provides a channel alignment method for a planar waveguide device, where the channel alignment method is completed based on the foregoing channel alignment system, and the channel alignment method includes the following steps:
step 101: connecting the first optical fiber with the broadband light source, pre-aligning the first optical fiber with the input end of the device to be coupled, and pre-aligning the collimator with any output channel of the device to be coupled.
Step 102: and judging whether the detector monitors the photocurrent, and determining whether the channels of the first optical fiber and the device to be coupled are aligned according to the condition of the photocurrent monitored by the detector.
After the first optical fiber is aligned with the input end channel of the device to be coupled, a second optical fiber is aligned with the output end channel of the device to be coupled.
Referring to embodiment 1, the following briefly describes the alignment process of the device to be coupled with the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber.
In this embodiment, in combination with the channel alignment system described above, the collimator is set at a pre-alignment position, the collimator is pre-aligned with any one of the output ends of the device to be coupled, and the first optical fiber is pre-aligned with the output end of the device to be coupled, wherein during the channel finding process, the optical fiber moves according to a specific track, and a point where an optical current is maximum in an optical finding range is found, so as to pre-align the optical fiber with the device to be coupled. The channel finding can be performed, for example, by "find light back" or "find light bow", and when the detector detects a current, it is determined that the first optical fiber is aligned with the input of the device to be coupled.
The following describes the process of finding the light in the form of a word-back with reference to fig. 8 and 15: taking two times of light finding in Chinese character 'hui' as an example, the channel CH1 in the optical fiber moves along a certain track in an XY plane (combining coordinate axes shown in FIG. 8), the motion track is shown in FIG. 15, the channel CH1 moves from point A to point B, optical signals are simultaneously sampled in the motion process, the maximum photocurrent corresponding to the point C close to the center of the light spot is detected, and the channel CH1 of the optical fiber moves from point B to point C in the XY cross-section plane. And (3) carrying out light finding in a word-returning mode again from the point C, moving the channel CH1 from the point C to the point D, detecting that the light current corresponding to the point E close to the center of the light spot is maximum, finding out the point E with the maximum light current, wherein the point E is the center of the light spot or the point closest to the center of the light spot in the light finding range, and moving the channel CH1 of the optical fiber from the point D to the point E in the XY section plane so as to pre-align the optical fiber with the device to be coupled.
The bow finding light is similar to the return finding light, the main difference is that the moving tracks are different, the channel CH1 in the optical fiber moves according to a specific track in the XY plane, and the point with the maximum optical current in the finding light range is found, so that the optical fiber is aligned with the device to be coupled.
Then, the collimator is moved away, the second optical fiber is pre-aligned with the output end of the device to be coupled, the first detector and the second detector are respectively connected with two channels of the second optical fiber, a first channel is determined through 'return word light finding' or 'bow word light finding', and when the detector detects current, the second optical fiber is determined to be aligned with the first channel of the device to be coupled; and determining a second channel through 'return light finding' or 'bow light finding', and determining that the second optical fiber is aligned with the second channel of the device to be coupled when the detector detects current. Assuming that the first channel is CH1, the second channel is CHn, the first channel CH1 and the second channel CHn are respectively aligned, a cross light angle compensation method is adopted to obtain the position coordinates of the first channel CH1 and the second channel CHn, a rotation angle is determined according to the position coordinates of the first channel CH1 and the second channel CHn, and the second optical fiber is rotated through the rotation angle, so that the first channel CH1 and the second channel CHn have optical current at the same time, and the alignment of the device to be coupled and the second output optical fiber is completed. The cross light-finding angle compensation method can refer to embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A channel alignment system of a planar waveguide device is characterized by comprising a broadband light source, a collimator and a detector;
the broadband light source is connected with a first optical fiber, the first optical fiber is pre-aligned with the input end of a device to be coupled, the collimator is pre-aligned with any output channel of the device to be coupled, and the collimator is connected with the detector;
the broadband light source is used for emitting optical signals with set wavelength, the optical signals are monitored by the detector after passing through the first optical fiber, the device to be coupled and the collimator, and whether channels of the first optical fiber and the device to be coupled are aligned or not is determined according to a monitoring result of the detector;
the channel alignment system comprises an automatic coupling device, the automatic coupling device is used for coupling a device (1) to be coupled and an optical fiber (2), the automatic coupling device comprises a clamping mechanism (3) and an adjusting mechanism (4), and the clamping mechanism (3) is arranged on the adjusting mechanism (4);
the clamping mechanism (3) comprises a sliding table (31) and an elastic piece (32), and one end of the elastic piece (32) is connected with the sliding table (31);
the clamping mechanism (3) is used for clamping the optical fiber (2); the adjusting mechanism (4) is used for adjusting the posture of the clamping mechanism (3);
in the process that the adjusting mechanism (4) adjusts the posture of the clamping mechanism (3), the contact state between the optical fiber (2) and the device to be coupled (1) is monitored according to the change of the compression state of the elastic piece (32), so that the end face of the optical fiber (2) is parallel to the end face of the device to be coupled (1).
2. The channel alignment system of claim 1, wherein the device to be coupled comprises a plurality of input channels and a plurality of output channels;
the collimator specifically comprises a first collimator and a second collimator, the first collimator is pre-aligned with one of the output channels of the device to be coupled, and the second collimator is pre-aligned with the other output channel of the device to be coupled;
the detector specifically comprises a first detector and a second detector, the first detector is connected with the first collimator, the second detector is connected with the second collimator, and the distance between the first collimator and the second collimator is an integral multiple of the channel pitch of the device to be coupled;
the broadband light source is used for emitting optical signals with set wavelength, the optical signals are monitored by the first detector and the second detector after passing through the first optical fiber, the device to be coupled, the first collimator and the second collimator, and whether channels of the first optical fiber and the device to be coupled are aligned or not is determined according to monitoring results of the first detector and the second detector.
3. The channel alignment system of claim 2, further comprising a coupler, the coupler being coupled to the broadband light source, the first optical fiber being coupled to the coupler;
the coupler is used for dividing the optical signal into two paths so as to input the two paths of optical signals into corresponding channels of the first optical fiber respectively.
4. The channel alignment system of claim 1, wherein after the channels of the first optical fiber and the device-to-be-coupled are aligned, the output end of the device-to-be-coupled is pre-aligned with a second optical fiber, wherein the device-to-be-coupled comprises a plurality of output channels;
the detector specifically comprises a first detector and a second detector, the first detector is connected with one channel of the second optical fiber, and the second detector is connected with the other channel of the second optical fiber;
the broadband light source is used for emitting optical signals with set wavelength, the optical signals are monitored by the first detector and the second detector after passing through the first optical fiber, the device to be coupled and the second optical fiber, and whether channels of the second optical fiber and the device to be coupled are aligned or not is determined according to monitoring results of the first detector and the second detector.
5. The channel alignment system of claim 4, comprising a testing device, a tunable laser, a polarizer, and a polarization controller, the tunable laser being connected to the polarizer, the polarizer being connected to the polarization controller;
after the device to be coupled is aligned with the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber respectively, the first optical fiber is connected with the polarization controller, and the second optical fiber is connected with the testing device;
the testing device is used for detecting signals so as to determine whether the coupling alignment condition of the device to be coupled and the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber meets set optical indexes.
6. The channel alignment system of claim 1, wherein the collimator has a spot diameter smaller than a distance between the collimator and the device to be coupled;
the collimator is inclined by a set angle with respect to a horizontal plane, wherein the set angle is determined by an end face inclination of the device to be coupled.
7. The channel alignment system of claim 1, wherein the broadband light source outputs an optical signal having a wavelength ranging from 800nm to 1600nm, and the broadband light source comprises an ASE broadband light source.
8. The channel alignment system according to claim 1, wherein the clamping mechanism (3) further comprises a base (33) and a displacement sensor (341), the displacement sensor (341) being disposed on the base (33), the other end of the elastic member (32) being connected to the base (33);
the displacement sensor (341) is used for detecting displacement change of the sliding table (31) relative to the displacement sensor (341) so as to trigger the adjusting mechanism (4) to adjust the posture of the clamping mechanism (3);
wherein the change of the compression state of the elastic piece (32) is embodied as the displacement change of the sliding table (31) relative to the displacement sensor (341).
9. A channel alignment method for a planar waveguide device, wherein the channel alignment method is completed based on the channel alignment system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the channel alignment method comprises:
connecting the first optical fiber with the broadband light source, pre-aligning the first optical fiber with the input end of the device to be coupled, and pre-aligning the collimator with any output channel of the device to be coupled;
and judging whether the detector monitors the photocurrent, and determining whether the channels of the first optical fiber and the device to be coupled are aligned according to the condition of the photocurrent monitored by the detector.
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| CN112764172B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-03-29 | 武汉光迅科技股份有限公司 | Multi-channel pre-alignment system and multi-channel pre-alignment method based on machine vision |
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