CN110440743B - Tunnel deformation monitoring method, system, medium and equipment based on baseline - Google Patents
Tunnel deformation monitoring method, system, medium and equipment based on baseline Download PDFInfo
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- CN110440743B CN110440743B CN201910686596.8A CN201910686596A CN110440743B CN 110440743 B CN110440743 B CN 110440743B CN 201910686596 A CN201910686596 A CN 201910686596A CN 110440743 B CN110440743 B CN 110440743B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
Abstract
The invention relates to a method, a system, a medium and equipment for monitoring tunnel deformation based on a baseline, wherein the method comprises the following steps: establishing a tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system; determining coordinates of the two reference points in a tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system; calculating the coordinates of the measuring station of the total station according to the coordinates of the two reference points and the reference point parameters measured by the total station; calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point in each stage according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring points and at least two-stage measuring point parameters measured by the total station; and determining the three-dimensional displacement vector of each measuring point in each period according to the three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point in each period. The invention can obtain more comprehensive three-dimensional displacement data of the measuring points by using the total station, can conveniently calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point by combining the geometric relations of the reference points, the measuring points and the measuring points, can perform feedback monitoring work of deformation information according to the three-dimensional displacement vector obtained by the three-dimensional coordinate values of each measuring point at each stage, and has the characteristics of rapidness, labor saving, high automation degree of data processing, no need of approaching the measuring points and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement, in particular to a tunnel deformation monitoring method, a system, a medium and equipment based on a baseline.
Background
In the construction process of the subway tunnel, tunnel deformation monitoring is an important work content, and the core of the method is to timely and effectively obtain the complete and reliable data of mechanical dynamic and stable conditions of surrounding rocks and supports in the tunnel construction process and provide information basis for evaluating and modifying primary support parameters, mechanical analysis and secondary lining construction time; the construction organization design is optimized through information feedback and prediction forecast, the site construction is guided, and the safety and the quality of the tunnel construction and the social, economic and environmental benefits of engineering projects are ensured.
At present, the traditional displacement monitoring method is mainly adopted for tunnel deformation monitoring, and the traditional items are arch item sinking and periphery convergence. The convergence measurement of the periphery of the tunnel adopts a convergence meter, although the reading precision of the convergence meter is high, the actual repetition precision can only reach about 0.3-0.5mm due to the influence of various factors such as equipment arrangement and the like in the monitoring process. Meanwhile, the method is limited by the relative distance between each point on the periphery of the tunnel, and only the displacement of one point relative to the other point can be obtained, and in addition, the asymmetric deformation and the longitudinal displacement of the tunnel cannot be measured. The tunnel vault subsidence is monitored by a traditional leveling method, the accuracy of 0.5-1mm can be achieved, but when the point of the side wall is measured, the measurement is difficult, and therefore the measurement is not very accurate. Moreover, certain manpower and time are required to be invested in leveling and acquiring convergence readings to collect data, thereby disturbing the construction process to a certain extent. Furthermore, continuous deformation information is often not available with conventional methods due to the effects of construction ventilation, rotary machines and equipment, and other obstacles.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method, a system, a medium, and an apparatus for monitoring tunnel deformation based on a baseline.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a tunnel deformation monitoring method based on a base line comprises the following steps:
establishing a tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system;
determining coordinates of the two reference points in the tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system;
calculating the coordinates of the measuring point of the total station according to the coordinates of the two reference points and the reference point parameters measured by the total station;
calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point in each stage according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring points and at least two-stage measuring point parameters measured by the total station;
and determining the three-dimensional displacement vector of each measuring point in each period according to the three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point in each period.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the total station can be used for acquiring more comprehensive three-dimensional displacement data of the measuring points, the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring points can be conveniently calculated by combining the geometric relations of the reference points, the measuring points and the measuring points, the feedback monitoring work of deformation information can be carried out according to the three-dimensional displacement vectors obtained by the three-dimensional coordinate values of the measuring points at each period, and the total station has the characteristics of quickness, labor saving, high automation degree of data processing, no need of approaching the measuring points and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a tunnel deformation monitoring system based on a baseline, including:
the building module is used for building a tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system;
the determining module is used for determining the coordinates of the two reference points in the tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system;
the first calculation module is used for calculating the coordinates of the measuring station of the total station according to the coordinates of the two datum points and the datum point parameters measured by the total station;
the second calculation module is used for calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point in each period according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring points and at least two measuring point parameters measured by the total station;
and the third calculation module is used for calculating the three-dimensional displacement vector of each measuring point in each period according to the three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point in each period.
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the above-described method.
The invention also provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method when executing the program.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for monitoring tunnel deformation based on a baseline according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an observation schematic diagram of a tunnel deformation monitoring method based on a baseline according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a baseline-based tunnel deformation monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:
s1, establishing a tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system;
s2, determining coordinates of the two reference points in the tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system;
s3, calculating coordinates of a measuring station of the total station according to the coordinates of the two reference points and the reference point parameters measured by the total station;
s4, calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point in each stage according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring points and at least two measuring point parameters measured by the total station;
and S5, determining the three-dimensional displacement vector of each measuring point in each period according to the three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point in each period.
Specifically, tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system uses the excavation direction as X axle positive direction on tunnel axis direction, and excavation direction right side and perpendicular to axis are Y axle positive direction, and plumb line upward direction is Z axle positive direction.
Taking the reference points of two known coordinates as a rear view point, firstly, obtaining the coordinates of a station to be measured, and then, measuring the coordinates of a forward-looking measuring point through the coordinates of the station to be measured; in the whole process, the coordinates of the measuring station only play a role in transmission, so that the position of the measuring station can be random (but the position of the measuring station is approximately the same every time) during each measurement, namely, a 'free measuring station' mode is adopted, the mode is well adapted to the objective condition of the tunnel in construction, and the observation principle is shown in fig. 2.
Let A, B be a reference point, A 'and B' be projection points of reference point A, B on a horizontal plane passing through point P of a measuring station of the total station, and coordinates are xA′、yA′、xB′、yB′，DA、DBRespectively, are the horizontal distance, alpha, of point A, BB′Is a horizontal included angle between the PB 'direction and the PA' direction, step S3 specifically includes:
calculate the azimuth angle α in the A' P directionA′PComprises the following steps:
αA′P＝αA′B′+γ
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and calculating the coordinates of the station P as follows:
xP＝xA′+DA cosαA′P
yP＝yA′+DA sinαA′P。
as shown in FIG. 2, let 1 and 2 be the measurement points in one period, 1 'and 2' be the projected points of the measurement points 1 and 2 on the horizontal plane passing through the measurement point P of the total station, SA、SB、S1、S2Respectively A, B, 1 and 2 points of slope distance, V measured by the total stationA、VB、V1、V2Respectively A, B, 1 and 2 vertical angles measured by a total station, D1、D2Horizontal distances of 1 and 2 points, HA、HBRespectively the elevation, alpha, of A, B points measured by the total station1′、α2′The horizontal included angles between the P1 ' and P2 ' directions and the PA ' direction are respectively, and step S4 specifically includes:
the coordinates of the 1 and 2 points are calculated as follows:
x1＝xP+D1 cos(αPA′+α1′)
y1＝yP+D1 sin(αPA′+α1′)
x2＝xP+D2 cos(αPA′+α2′)
y1＝xP+D2 sin(αPA′+α2′)
respectively calculating the elevation H of the measuring station PP1、HP2：
HP1＝HA-SA sin VA
HP2＝HB-SB sin VB
For elevation HP1、HP2Performing adjustment to obtain elevation H of P pointP；
Respectively calculating the elevation H of 1 and 2 points1、H2：
H1＝HP-S1 sin V1
H2＝HP-S2 sin V2。
And converting according to the elevations of the points 1 and 2 to obtain z-axis coordinates of the points 1 and 2 in a tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system, combining the x-axis coordinates and the y-axis coordinates of the points 1 and 2 in the tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system obtained by the previous calculation to obtain three-dimensional coordinates of the points 1 and 2, and comparing the three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point in each period with the three-dimensional coordinates measured and calculated for the first time to obtain the three-dimensional displacement loss of each point in each period.
The embodiment of the invention provides a baseline-based tunnel deformation monitoring system, and the functional principle of each module in the system is specifically introduced in the foregoing content, and is not described in detail below.
The system comprises:
the building module is used for building a tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system;
the determining module is used for determining the coordinates of the two reference points in the tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system;
the first calculation module is used for calculating the coordinates of the measuring station of the total station according to the coordinates of the two datum points and the datum point parameters measured by the total station;
the second calculation module is used for calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point in each period according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring points and at least two measuring point parameters measured by the total station;
and the third calculation module is used for calculating the three-dimensional displacement vector of each measuring point in each period according to the three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point in each period.
Optionally, in this embodiment, the tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system is in the positive X-axis direction of the excavation direction, the positive Y-axis direction of the right side of the excavation direction perpendicular to the axis, and the positive Z-axis direction of the plumb line.
Alternatively, in this embodiment, let A, B be the reference point, a ', B' be the projected points of reference point A, B on a horizontal plane passing through the point P of the total station, and the coordinates are xA′、yA′、xB′、yB′，DA、DBRespectively, are the horizontal distance, alpha, of point A, BB′The first calculating module is specifically configured to:
calculate the azimuth angle α in the A' P directionA′PComprises the following steps:
αA′P＝αA′B′+γ
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and calculating the coordinates of the station P as follows:
xP＝xA′+DA cosαA′P
yP＝yA′+DA sinαA′P。
alternatively, in this embodiment, let 1, 2 be the measurement points in one period, 1 ', 2' be the projected points of measurement points 1, 2, respectively, on a horizontal plane through point P of the measurement station of the total station, SA、SB、S1、S2Respectively A, B, 1 and 2 points of slope distance, V measured by the total stationA、VB、V1、V2Respectively A, B, 1 and 2 vertical angles measured by a total station, D1、D2Horizontal distances of 1 and 2 points, HA、HBRespectively the elevation, alpha, of A, B points measured by the total station1′、α2′The second calculation module is specifically configured to:
the coordinates of the 1 and 2 points are calculated as follows:
x1＝xP+D1 cos(αPA′+α1′)
y1＝yP+D1 sin(αPA′+α1′)
x2＝xP+D2 cos(αPA′+α2′)
y1＝xP+D2 sin(αPA′+α2′)
respectively calculating the elevation H of the measuring station PP1、HP2：
HP1＝HA-SA sin VA
HP2＝HB-SB sin VB
For elevation HP1、HP2Performing adjustment processing to obtain elevation height H of P pointP；
Respectively calculating the elevation H of 1 and 2 points1、H2：
H1＝HP-S1 sin V1
H2＝HP-S2 sin V2。
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method steps in the above method embodiment; or storing the instructions corresponding to the software modules of the system embodiments.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the method steps in the above method embodiments are implemented.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. A tunnel deformation monitoring method based on a base line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system;
determining coordinates of the two reference points in the tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system;
calculating the coordinates of the measuring point of the total station according to the coordinates of the two reference points and the reference point parameters measured by the total station;
calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point in each stage according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring points and at least two-stage measuring point parameters measured by the total station;
determining a three-dimensional displacement vector of each measuring point in each period according to the three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point in each period;
the tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system takes the excavation direction as the positive direction of an X axis, the right side of the excavation direction and the direction perpendicular to the axis as the positive direction of a Y axis, and the upward direction of a plumb line is the positive direction of a Z axis;
let A, B be a reference point, A 'and B' be projection points of reference point A, B on a horizontal plane passing through point P of a measuring station of the total station, and coordinates are xA′、yA′、xB′、yB′，DA、DBRespectively, are the horizontal distance, alpha, of point A, BB′Calculating the coordinates of the measuring station of the total station according to the coordinates of the two reference points and the reference point parameters measured by the total station, wherein the horizontal included angle between the PB 'direction and the PA' direction specifically includes:
calculate the azimuth angle α in the A' P directionA′PComprises the following steps:
αA′P＝αA′B′+γ
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and calculating the coordinates of the station P as follows:
xP＝xA′+DAcosαA′P
yP＝yA′+DAsinαA′P；
let 1, 2 be the measurement points in one period, 1 ', 2' be the projection points of measurement points 1, 2 on the horizontal plane passing through the measurement point P of the total station, SA、SB、S1、S2Respectively A, B, 1 and 2 points of slope distance, V measured by the total stationA、VB、V1、V2Respectively A, B, 1 and 2 vertical angles measured by a total station, D1、D2Horizontal distances of 1 and 2 points, HA、HBRespectively the elevation, alpha, of A, B points measured by the total station1′、α2′The method includes the following steps that horizontal included angles between the directions of P1 ' and P2 ' and the direction of PA ' are respectively included, three-dimensional coordinates of measuring points in each stage are calculated according to coordinates of the measuring points and parameters of the measuring points in at least two stages measured by the total station, and the method specifically includes the following steps:
the coordinates of the 1 and 2 points are calculated as follows:
x1＝xP+D1 cos(αPA′+α1′)
y1＝yP+D1 sin(αPA′+α1′)
x2＝xP+D2 cos(αPA′+α2′)
y1＝xP+D2 sin(αPA′+α2′)
respectively calculating the elevation H of the measuring station PP1、HP2：
HP1＝HA-SA sin VA
HP2＝HB-SB sin VB
For elevation HP1、HP2Performing adjustment to obtain elevation H of P pointP；
Respectively calculating the elevation H of 1 and 2 points1、H2：
H1＝HP-S1 sin V1
H2＝HP-S2 sin V2。
2. A baseline-based tunnel deformation monitoring system, comprising:
the building module is used for building a tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system;
the determining module is used for determining the coordinates of the two reference points in the tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system;
the first calculation module is used for calculating the coordinates of the measuring station of the total station according to the coordinates of the two datum points and the datum point parameters measured by the total station;
the second calculation module is used for calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point in each period according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring points and at least two measuring point parameters measured by the total station;
the third calculation module is used for calculating the three-dimensional displacement vector of each measuring point in each period according to the three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point in each period;
the tunnel deformation monitoring coordinate system takes the excavation direction as the positive direction of an X axis, the right side of the excavation direction and the direction perpendicular to the axis as the positive direction of a Y axis, and the upward direction of a plumb line is the positive direction of a Z axis;
let A, B be a reference point, A 'and B' be projection points of reference point A, B on a horizontal plane passing through point P of a measuring station of the total station, and coordinates are xA′、yA′、xB′、yB′，DA、DBRespectively, are the horizontal distance, alpha, of point A, BB′The first calculating module is specifically configured to:
calculate the azimuth angle α in the A' P directionA′PComprises the following steps:
αA′P＝αA′B′+γ
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and calculating the coordinates of the station P as follows:
xP＝xA′+DA cosαA′P
yP＝yA′+DA sinαA′P；
let 1, 2 be the measurement points in one period, 1 ', 2' be the projection points of measurement points 1, 2 on the horizontal plane passing through the measurement point P of the total station, SA、SB、S1、S2Respectively A, B, 1 and 2 points of slope distance, V measured by the total stationA、VB、V1、V2Respectively A, B, 1 and 2 vertical angles measured by a total station, D1、D2Horizontal distances of 1 and 2 points, HA、HBRespectively the elevation, alpha, of A, B points measured by the total station1′、α2′The second calculation module is specifically configured to:
the coordinates of the 1 and 2 points are calculated as follows:
x1＝xP+D1 cos(αPA′+α1′)
y1＝yP+D1 sin(αPA′+α1′)
x2＝xP+D2 cos(αPA′+α2′)
y1＝xP+D2 sin(αPA′+α2′)
respectively calculating the elevation H of the measuring station PP1、HP2：
HP1＝HA-SA sin VA
HP2＝HB-SB sin VB
For elevation HP1、HP2Performing adjustment to obtain elevation H of P pointP；
Respectively calculating the elevation H of 1 and 2 points1、H2：
H1＝HP-S1 sin V1
H2＝HP-S2 sin V2。
3. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of claim 1.
4. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the method as claimed in claim 1 when executing the program.
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| CN112857171A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-28 | 中国市政工程中南设计研究总院有限公司 | Method for measuring spatial displacement of building based on coordinate point spatial position relation |
| CN112815909B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-05-17 | 山东高速工程检测有限公司 | Tunnel deformation measuring method and system and measuring robot |
| CN114877860A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-09 | 广州大铁锐威科技有限公司 | Long tunnel multi-station combined measurement combination resolving method and device and storage medium |
| CN115014284B (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2024-02-02 | 中铁桥隧技术有限公司 | Track shape and position monitoring system and method |
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