CN110440005B - Mechanical sealing device with adjustable and controllable local film thickness between sealing end surfaces - Google Patents
Mechanical sealing device with adjustable and controllable local film thickness between sealing end surfaces Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110440005B CN110440005B CN201910806065.8A CN201910806065A CN110440005B CN 110440005 B CN110440005 B CN 110440005B CN 201910806065 A CN201910806065 A CN 201910806065A CN 110440005 B CN110440005 B CN 110440005B
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- ring
- piston
- cavity
- oil storage
- storage cavity
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JTCWXISSLCZBQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribol Natural products CC(CO)CCC1OC2(O)CC3C4CC=C5CC(CCC5(C)C4CCC3(C)C2C1C)OC6OC(CO)C(OC7OC(C)C(O)C(O)C7O)C(O)C6OC8OC(C)C(O)C(O)C8O JTCWXISSLCZBQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3404—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal
- F16J15/3408—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface
- F16J15/3432—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface the geometry of the surface being able to vary during operation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3436—Pressing means
- F16J15/3452—Pressing means the pressing force resulting from the action of a spring
Abstract
The mechanical sealing device with the adjustable local film thickness between the sealing end surfaces comprises a positioning ring, a moving ring seat, a static ring seat and a sealing end cover; the positioning ring compacts the stationary ring on the stationary ring seat, the end face of the movable ring is axially matched with the end face of the stationary ring, the movable ring is arranged on the movable ring seat and rotates along with the shaft, and a pushing spring is arranged between the movable ring and the movable ring seat; the stationary ring is arranged on a stationary ring seat which is arranged on the sealing end cover; an oil storage cavity is arranged in the stationary ring, the oil storage cavity is a blind hole which is opened at the back surface of the stationary ring, and the top end of the oil storage cavity is close to the end surface of the stationary ring; a piston cavity is arranged in the stationary ring seat, the piston cavity is a blind hole which is opened on the joint surface of the stationary ring seat and the stationary ring, and the piston cavity and the oil storage cavity are in butt joint to form a unified cavity parallel to the axial direction; the unified cavity is internally provided with a double-headed piston, one end of the double-headed piston is positioned in the oil storage cavity, the other end of the double-headed piston is positioned in the piston cavity, the double-headed piston axially moves along the unified cavity to change the pressure in the oil storage cavity, and the piston cavity is communicated with the pressure regulating valve through an air inlet channel penetrating through the static ring seat and the sealing end cover so as to regulate the pressure in the piston cavity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a shaft end mechanical sealing device, which is particularly suitable for mechanical sealing application occasions needing on-line adjustment of the thickness and rigidity of a fluid film of a sealing end face.
Background
In critical turbomachinery such as reactor coolant main pumps, mechanical seals play a critical role. The key to long life and high reliability of mechanical seals is to continue full film lubrication, neither to excessively leak nor to lack lubrication between the end faces in order to pursue too low a leak rate. When the leakage rate is too high or lubrication is absent between the end faces, this can lead to temperature and pressure variations in the sealing arrangement, reduced sealing reliability and even failure. The seal can only be serviced by turning off the reactor coolant pump after the seal has failed, and the economic loss associated with turning off the reactor coolant pump is significant.
The excessive leakage or lack of lubrication is caused by the change of the thickness of the fluid film between the end surfaces of the dynamic ring and the static ring, and the poor sealing stability is caused by the small rigidity of the fluid film between the end surfaces and even the occurrence of negative rigidity, so that the control of the thickness of the film between the end surfaces and the radial distribution of the film between the end surfaces is one of important and effective means for regulating and controlling the leakage rate and ensuring the stable operation of the sealing. In order to solve the problem of excessive leakage or lack of lubrication of the seal without turning off the reactor coolant pump or other critical turbomachinery, some researchers have conducted related studies and obtained a certain solution ,Salant（Salant R F, Payne J W, Johnson W R, et al. Simulation of a hydraulically controllable reactor coolant pump seal[J]. Tribology International, 2018.） to change the film thickness between the seal faces by using hydraulically driven seals, but the devices are complicated and the practical way is long; etsion et al （Etsion I, Palmor Z, Harari N. Feasibility study of a controlled mechanical seal. Lubr. Eng. 1991;47:621–5.） and Zou et al (Zou M, green I. CLEARANCE CONTROL OF A MECHANICAL FACE seal Tribol Trans 1999; 42:535-40.) have thought that the leakage rate can be controlled by controlling the sealing closure force to thereby adjust the fluid film thickness between the end faces.
The invention provides a mechanical seal for solving the urgent problems that the leakage rate and the rigidity of a fluid film of the mechanical seal are difficult to effectively regulate and control, and the existing regulating technology and device are complex and low in practicality.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the leakage rate and the rigidity of a fluid film of the traditional mechanical sealing device are difficult to regulate and control, the invention provides the adjustable mechanical sealing device which regulates and controls the leakage rate and the rigidity of the fluid film by regulating and controlling the deformation of the sealing end surfaces so as to regulate and control the local film thickness between the end surfaces. The device changes the fluid pressure on the built-in piston of the static ring to enable the end face of the static ring to generate local deformation with different degrees, forms convergent fluid film thickness along the radial direction between the end faces, and finally achieves the purposes of regulating and controlling leakage rate, increasing the rigidity of a liquid film and improving the running stability of mechanical seal.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The mechanical sealing device with the adjustable local film thickness between the sealing end surfaces comprises a positioning ring 11, a movable ring 6, a movable ring seat 5, a stationary ring 4, a stationary ring seat 3 and a sealing end cover 2; the static ring 4 is compacted on the static ring seat 3 by the positioning ring 11, so that the static ring is prevented from generating axial displacement relative to the static ring seat; the end face of the moving ring 6 is axially matched with the end face of the stationary ring 4, the moving ring 6 is arranged on the moving ring seat 5 and rotates along with the shaft, and a pushing spring is arranged between the moving ring 6 and the moving ring seat 5; the static ring 4 is arranged on the static ring seat 3, and the static ring seat 3 is arranged on the sealing end cover 2; the surface of the stationary ring 4 facing the movable ring 6 is taken as an end surface, the surface of the stationary ring 4 facing away from the movable ring 6 is taken as a back surface, an oil storage cavity 1c is arranged in the stationary ring 4, the oil storage cavity 1c is a blind hole which is opened at the back surface of the stationary ring 4, and the top end of the oil storage cavity 1c is close to the end surface of the stationary ring 4; a piston cavity 1a is arranged in the static ring seat 3, the piston cavity 1a is a blind hole which is opened on the joint surface of the static ring seat 3 and the static ring 4, and the piston cavity 1a and an oil storage cavity 1c are butted to form a unified cavity parallel to the axial direction; the unified cavity is internally provided with a double-headed piston 1b, one end of the double-headed piston 1b is positioned in the oil storage cavity 1c, the other end of the double-headed piston 1b is positioned in the piston cavity 1a, the double-headed piston 1b axially moves along the unified cavity to change the pressure in the oil storage cavity 1c, and the piston cavity 1a is communicated with a pressure regulating valve 1e through an air inlet channel 1d penetrating through a static ring seat 3 and a sealing end cover 2 so as to regulate the pressure in the piston cavity 1 a.
Preferably, the distance between the top end of the oil storage cavity 1c and the end surface of the stationary ring 4 is 0.5-2.5mm.
Further, a plurality of piston pressure regulating structures 1 are arranged on the stationary ring 4, and the depth of the oil storage cavity 1c of each piston pressure regulating structure 1 is sequentially increased according to the distance from the outer side to the inner side of the end face of the stationary ring 4 of each piston pressure regulating structure 1.
Further, the depth of the oil storage chamber 1c of each piston pressure regulating structure 1 is increased by 0.05-0.25mm.
Preferably, the diameter B1 of the oil reservoir chamber 1c is smaller than the diameter B2 of the piston chamber 1 a; the diameter of one end of the double-headed piston 1b, which is positioned in the oil storage cavity 1c, is A1, the diameter of the other end is A2, and A1 is 2-10mm smaller than A2.
Preferably, the inner piston chamber 1a is provided with a limit step of the double-headed piston 1b on the side away from the stationary ring, limiting the stroke of the double-headed piston 1b on the side away from the stationary ring.
Preferably, the axes of the oil storage cavity 1c, the piston cavity 1a and the double-headed piston 1b are positioned on the same straight line parallel to the axis.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
In the invention, the double-headed piston can be subjected to the pressure action in the oil storage cavity in the stationary ring and the pressure action in the piston cavity in the stationary ring seat, the former is transmitted by the acting force of the latter through the piston, and the end face of the part is deformed under the action of the pressure of the oil storage cavity. In order to prevent the static ring from generating displacement towards the moving ring under the action of the pressure of the oil storage cavity and the friction force of the piston, a positioning ring is arranged on the static ring and the static ring seat, the positioning ring is fixedly connected with the static ring seat by a set screw, the static ring is tightly attached to the static ring seat, the static ring is prevented from generating sliding displacement towards the moving ring under the combined action of the pressure of the piston cavity and the friction force of the piston sealing ring, and the static ring seat are ensured not to generate relative axial displacement and possible leakage of hydraulic fluid. If only one piston pressure regulating structure is arranged in the static ring, the end face deforms in the radial direction only at the radial position where the oil storage cavity is arranged, the film thickness between the end faces is smaller, and a radial local convergence shape from the outer diameter of the end face to the position is formed; if two or more piston pressure regulating structures are arranged in the static ring, the depth of the oil storage cavity is gradually deepened from the outer diameter to the inner diameter of the end face along the radial direction, and on the premise that the pressure of the oil storage cavity is the same, the local deformation of the end face of the static ring correspondingly generates a change rule from small to large, and as a result, the film thickness distribution which is convergent on the whole from the outer diameter to the inner diameter of the end face is formed on the end face. The mechanical seal with the film thickness change rule not only regulates and controls the leakage rate, but also improves the rigidity of the liquid film and improves the stability of seal operation and service life. In addition, under the condition that the depth of the oil storage cavity or the thickness of the end part of the oil storage cavity from the sealing end surface is consistent and equal, the magnitude of the pressure value in the piston cavity in the static ring seat can be set from low to high, so that the film thickness distribution which is convergent from the outer diameter of the end surface to the inner diameter of the end surface is also obtained, and finally, the purposes of regulating and controlling the leakage rate, increasing the rigidity of a liquid film and improving the running stability of mechanical sealing are realized.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, a hydro-pneumatic driving mode is adopted, and the regulation and control of the thickness of the end face is realized by changing the deformation of the end face of the static ring and the distribution and change rule of the end face along the radial direction, so that the efficient regulation and control of the leakage rate is realized.
The invention has the advantages that: the film thickness distribution which is convergent from the outer diameter of the end face to the inner diameter is obtained by a simple and reliable mechanical structure, the leakage rate is regulated and controlled finally, the rigidity of a liquid film is increased, and the operation stability of the mechanical seal is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a piston pressure regulating structure in the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a schematic illustration of the structure of the oil storage chamber and the piston chamber in the stationary ring of the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a schematic illustration of another configuration of the oil storage chamber and piston chamber within the stationary ring of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the present invention including three piston pressure regulating structures.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
Referring to fig. 1, 2a, 2b and 3:
as shown in FIG. 1, the mechanical sealing device with the adjustable local film thickness between sealing end surfaces comprises a positioning ring 11, a movable ring 6, a movable ring seat 5, a stationary ring 4, a stationary ring seat 3 and a sealing end cover 2; the static ring 4 is compacted on the static ring seat 3 by the positioning ring 11, so that the static ring is prevented from generating axial displacement relative to the static ring seat; the end face of the moving ring 6 is axially matched with the end face of the stationary ring 4, the moving ring 6 is arranged on the moving ring seat 5 and rotates along with the shaft, and a pushing spring is arranged between the moving ring 6 and the moving ring seat 5; the static ring 4 is arranged on the static ring seat 3, and the static ring seat 3 is arranged on the sealing end cover 2; the surface of the stationary ring 4 facing the movable ring 6 is taken as an end surface, the surface of the stationary ring 4 facing away from the movable ring 6 is taken as a back surface, an oil storage cavity 1c is arranged in the stationary ring 4, the oil storage cavity 1c is a blind hole which is opened at the back surface of the stationary ring 4, and the top end of the oil storage cavity 1c is close to the end surface of the stationary ring 4; a piston cavity 1a is arranged in the static ring seat 3, the piston cavity 1a is a blind hole which is opened on the joint surface of the static ring seat 3 and the static ring 4, and the piston cavity 1a and an oil storage cavity 1c are butted to form a unified cavity parallel to the axial direction; the unified cavity is internally provided with a double-headed piston 1b, one end of the double-headed piston 1b is positioned in the oil storage cavity 1c, the other end of the double-headed piston 1b is positioned in the piston cavity 1a, the double-headed piston 1b axially moves along the unified cavity to change the pressure in the oil storage cavity 1c, and the piston cavity 1a is communicated with a pressure regulating valve 1e through an air inlet channel 1d penetrating through a static ring seat 3 and a sealing end cover 2 so as to regulate the pressure in the piston cavity 1 a.
As shown in fig. 2a and 2b, the distance between the wall surface of the oil storage cavity 1c in the stationary ring 4, which is close to the moving ring side, and the end surface of the stationary ring is 0.5-2.5 mm.
As shown in fig. 2a, the diameter B1 of the oil reservoir chamber 1c is smaller than the diameter B2 of the piston chamber 1 a; the diameter of one end of the double-headed piston 1b, which is positioned in the oil storage cavity 1c, is A1, the diameter of the other end is A2, and A1 is 2-10mm smaller than A2. It is also possible to adopt a structure as shown in fig. 2B in which the diameter B1 of the oil reservoir chamber 1c is larger than the diameter B2 of the piston chamber 1a, and the diameter A1 of one end of the double-headed piston 1B located in the oil reservoir chamber 1c is larger than the diameter A2 of the other end.
As shown in fig. 3, the piston pressure regulating structure 1 may have a plurality of piston pressure regulating structures in one sealing device, and the number of the piston pressure regulating structures ranges from 1 to 6; when the number of the piston pressure regulating structures 1 is two or more, the depth of the oil storage cavity 1c in the static ring of each piston pressure regulating structure 1 is increased in sequence according to the distance from the outer side to the inner side of the end face of the piston pressure regulating structure 1, and the increase is 0.05-0.25mm.
The side, far away from the static ring, of the piston cavity 1a is provided with a limit step of the double-headed piston, and the limit step is used for limiting the movement stroke of the double-headed piston, far away from the static ring.
The oil storage cavity 1c in the static ring, the piston cavity 1a in the static ring seat and the double-headed piston 1b are kept concentric.
What has been described in this specification is merely an enumeration of possible forms of the inventive concept and the scope of protection of the present invention should not be construed as limited to the specific forms set forth, but also including equivalent technical means as would occur to one skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.
Claims (3)
1. The mechanical sealing device with the adjustable local film thickness between the sealing end surfaces comprises a positioning ring (11), a movable ring (6), a movable ring seat (5), a static ring (4), a static ring seat (3) and a sealing end cover (2); the positioning ring (11) compacts the stationary ring (4) on the stationary ring seat (3), the end face of the moving ring (6) is axially matched with the end face of the stationary ring (4), the moving ring (6) is arranged on the moving ring seat (5) and rotates along with the shaft, and a pushing spring is arranged between the moving ring (6) and the moving ring seat (5); the static ring (4) is arranged on the static ring seat (3), and the static ring seat (3) is arranged on the sealing end cover (2); the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps that one surface of a stationary ring (4) facing a movable ring (6) is used as an end surface, one surface of the stationary ring (4) facing away from the movable ring (6) is used as a back surface, an oil storage cavity (1 c) is arranged in the stationary ring (4), the oil storage cavity (1 c) is a blind hole which is opened at the back surface of the stationary ring (4), and the top end of the oil storage cavity (1 c) is close to the end surface of the stationary ring (4); a piston cavity (1 a) is arranged in the static ring seat (3), the piston cavity (1 a) is a blind hole which is opened on the joint surface of the static ring seat (3) and the static ring (4), and the piston cavity (1 a) and the oil storage cavity (1 c) are butted to form a unified cavity parallel to the axial direction; the unified cavity is internally provided with a double-headed piston (1 b), one end of the double-headed piston (1 b) is positioned in the oil storage cavity (1 c), the other end of the double-headed piston is positioned in the piston cavity (1 a), the double-headed piston (1 b) axially moves along the unified cavity to change the pressure in the oil storage cavity (1 c), and the piston cavity (1 a) is communicated with a pressure regulating valve (1 e) through an air inlet channel (1 d) penetrating through the static ring seat (3) and the sealing end cover (2) so as to regulate the pressure in the piston cavity (1 a);
The distance between the top end of the oil storage cavity (1 c) in the static ring (4) and the end face of the static ring (4) is 0.5-2.5mm;
A plurality of piston pressure regulating structures (1) are arranged on the stationary ring (4); when the number of the piston pressure regulating structures (1) is two or more, the depth of the oil storage cavity (1 c) of each piston pressure regulating structure (1) is sequentially increased according to the distance from the outer side to the inner side of the end face of each piston pressure regulating structure (1);
the depth of the oil storage cavity (1 c) is increased by 0.05-0.25mm;
The diameter B1 of the oil storage cavity (1 c) is smaller than the diameter B2 of the piston cavity (1 a), the diameter A1 of one end of the double-headed piston (1B) positioned in the oil storage cavity (1 c) is the diameter A2 of the other end, and the diameter A1 is 2-10mm smaller than the diameter A2.
2. The mechanical seal device with adjustable local film thickness between seal end faces according to claim 1, wherein: the piston cavity (1 a) is provided with a limit step of the double-headed piston (1 b) at the side far away from the stationary ring, and the movement stroke of the double-headed piston (1 b) at the side far away from the stationary ring is limited.
3. The mechanical seal device with adjustable local film thickness between seal end faces according to claim 1, wherein: the axes of the oil storage cavity (1 c), the piston cavity (1 a) in the static ring seat and the double-headed piston (1 b) are positioned on the same straight line parallel to the axis.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910806065.8A CN110440005B (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2019-08-29 | Mechanical sealing device with adjustable and controllable local film thickness between sealing end surfaces |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910806065.8A CN110440005B (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2019-08-29 | Mechanical sealing device with adjustable and controllable local film thickness between sealing end surfaces |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110440005A CN110440005A (en) | 2019-11-12 |
| CN110440005B true CN110440005B (en) | 2024-05-03 |
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| CN201910806065.8A Active CN110440005B (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2019-08-29 | Mechanical sealing device with adjustable and controllable local film thickness between sealing end surfaces |
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| CN112923060B (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2023-05-23 | 河北华通重工机械制造有限公司 | Multi-end-face self-regulation and starting steam turbine shaft end sealing method |
| CN113494610B (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2023-06-27 | 西华大学 | Floating ring structure with damping support and mechanical sealing device |
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| CN110440005A (en) | 2019-11-12 |
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