CN110436854B - Waterproof fireproof light thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Waterproof fireproof light thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN110436854B
CN110436854B CN201910784219.8A CN201910784219A CN110436854B CN 110436854 B CN110436854 B CN 110436854B CN 201910784219 A CN201910784219 A CN 201910784219A CN 110436854 B CN110436854 B CN 110436854B
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expanded perlite
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thermal insulation
waterproof fireproof
insulation material
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CN110436854A (en
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苏宇峰
黄黎明
杨正宏
吴姝娴
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Tongji University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
    • C04B20/1018—Coating or impregnating with organic materials
    • C04B20/1029—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B20/1033—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
    • C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a waterproof fireproof light heat-insulating material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the waterproof fireproof light heat-insulating material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of Portland cement, 6.0-8.0 parts of redispersible latex powder, 0.5-5 parts of cellulose ether, 50-80 parts of P1 expanded perlite, 50-70 parts of P2 expanded perlite, 1-5 parts of EVA emulsion and 1-10 parts of calcium stearate; the preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, performing hydrophobic treatment on expanded perlite by using EVA emulsion, dry-mixing portland cement, redispersible latex powder, cellulose ether and calcium stearate, adding water, stirring, adding expanded perlite, stirring, forming a test piece, and curing to obtain the product. Compared with the prior art, the invention can solve the problems of flammability, large brittleness and the like of organic heat-insulating materials, also overcomes the problem of easy water absorption of traditional inorganic materials, and the prepared material has the advantages of strong adhesion, fire resistance, water resistance, heat insulation and the like.

Description

Waterproof fireproof light thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a waterproof and fireproof light heat-insulating material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The rapid development of the building industry in China leads to more and more building energy consumption, the requirement of building energy conservation can ensure the sustainable development of buildings and the environment, and the method has great significance for improving and protecting the ecological environment. For the whole building, the heat transfer and heat loss of the wall structure accounts for about 60-70%; the heat transfer loss of the door and window accounts for about 20 to 30 percent; the heat transfer loss of the roof accounts for about 10 percent. Therefore, the improvement of the thermal performance of the outer wall is very important for achieving the effect of building energy conservation. The purpose of reducing the heat loss of the outer wall is achieved mainly by adding a wall heat-insulating material layer in China, and the quality of the heat-insulating material directly influences the energy-saving effect of the wall.
The types of the heat-insulating materials are divided into the following types according to the installation positions: external wall insulation material, internal wall insulation material and roofing insulation material. The materials are divided into organic heat-insulating materials and inorganic heat-insulating materials according to the basic properties of the materials. Among organic heat-insulating materials, polystyrene foam has the advantages of light weight, heat insulation, sound absorption, good low-temperature resistance and the like, but is easy to soften and deform at high temperature, when the temperature is lower than 70 ℃, polystyrene can be safely used, and once the temperature is higher than 90 ℃, the polystyrene foam completely loses all performances, is very easy to cause fire, and generates a large amount of toxic gas. Polyurethane has the advantages of light weight, low density, high strength, low heat conductivity coefficient, good adhesive property, good chemical stability and the like, but is flammable and poor in flame retardance. But when a fire disaster happens, the combustion speed is very high, and toxic gas is released in the combustion process, so that the fire disaster has great threat to the survival of people. The phenolic foam plastic has the advantages of light weight, low density, low heat conductivity coefficient, sound insulation, flame retardancy, low smoke, self-extinguishing and the like. But the strength and the heat conductivity coefficient of the product are greatly influenced by the density, the brittleness is high, and the product is easy to pulverize.
In response to these disadvantages of organic thermal insulation materials, inorganic thermal insulation materials have also been developed. Compared with organic heat-insulating materials, the inorganic heat-insulating material has the advantages of fire resistance, flame retardance, ageing resistance, stable performance, ecological environmental protection, small construction difficulty and the like. However, part of inorganic heat-insulating materials have the problem of poor water resistance, such as water glass expanded perlite heat-insulating plates and gypsum expanded perlite heat-insulating plates, and the like, and the rest parts have higher water absorption, such as common expanded perlite heat-insulating plates have very strong water absorption and hygroscopicity, and once water is absorbed, the heat-insulating plates lose the original heat-insulating property and mechanical property easily. Under the background of energy-saving and environment-friendly construction at present, the external thermal insulation material for the external wall, which has high economic benefit, safety, reliability and good durability, is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a waterproof and fireproof light heat-insulating material and a preparation method thereof, so that the problems of safety and water resistance of the heat-insulating material are solved.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a waterproof fireproof light heat-insulating material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure GDA0002972166020000021
preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure GDA0002972166020000022
the product of the invention takes ordinary portland cement as a cementing material, takes expanded perlite as an aggregate, and is added with EVA emulsion and calcium stearate to treat the perlite so as to achieve the low water absorption effect, and then cellulose ether is added to prepare the waterproof fireproof light heat-insulating material.
The bulk density of the P1 expanded perlite is 40-70 kg/m3Preferably 59.08kg/m3The water absorption rate is 400-500%, and 455% is preferable; the bulk density of the P2 expanded perlite is 120-200 kg/m3Preferably 151.69kg/m3The water absorption is 200 to 300%, preferably 250%.
Preferably, the cumulative screen residue of the P1 expanded perlite with the size of 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600 μm, 300 μm and 150 μm is 0, 40-50%, 85-92%, 90-95%, 91-97%, 96-99.9%, preferably 0, 45.4%, 90.4%, 92.0%, 92.5% and 99.5%; the cumulative screen residue of the P2 expanded perlite with the particle size of 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600 μm, 300 μm and 150 μm is 0, 0.1-2%, 30-45%, 70-85%, 90-97% and 95-99%, preferably 0, 0.2%, 43.35%, 77.81%, 96.46% and 97.82%.
In the invention, the grading of the perlite is very critical, and the expanded perlite with proper particle grading is selected for preparing the expanded perlite heat-insulating board with good performance. If the grading of the adopted expanded perlite is not good, if the particles are too large and the bulk density is small, a large number of gaps are formed among the particles, so that the gaps are not filled with enough cementing materials, and the strength of the prepared insulation board is too low. When the particles of the expanded perlite are too small and the bulk density is too large, the particles of the expanded perlite are not coated by enough cementing materials, and the density of the prepared insulation board is too large, so that proper particle grading needs to be selected.
In order to solve the problem that the function of the material is reduced due to easy water absorption, the invention adopts the aqueous solution of the EVA emulsion to perform hydrophobic treatment on the perlite, the EVA emulsion can keep chemical stability under acidic and alkaline conditions, has good hydrophobic property and bonding property, and has milky appearance.
The proportion content of the EVA emulsion is very important, the addition amount of the EVA emulsion is too much, the emulsion is agglomerated, the hydrophobic treatment effect is reduced without increasing, and simultaneously, large bubbles are easily caused, and the strength of the material is reduced. If the addition amount is too low, the surface modification of the expanded perlite is incomplete, and the optimal hydrophobic effect cannot be achieved.
Calcium stearate is white powder which is insoluble in water and belongs to fatty acid type waterproof agent, and certain active substances contained in the calcium stearate can be mixed with unhydrated cement particles and Ca (OH) in cement paste2And free CaO and the like, and the needle-shaped insoluble salt crystals generated by the reaction are filled into the microcracks and the capillary pores generated in the slurry. And the rehydration of cement can be promoted in the process of forming the acicular crystals, the compactness of the set cement is enhanced, and the integral waterproof effect is improved. Secondly, the carboxylic acid group (-COOH) contained in the calcium stearate can be reacted with Ca (OH)2The film complex adsorption layer of the insoluble calcium soap is generated by reaction, and the long-chain alkyl can form a film hydrophobic layer on the surface of cement particles, so that the water penetration can be effectively prevented, and the waterproof effect is realized.
The calcium stearate is used for modifying the portland cement, the addition amount of the calcium stearate is optimized, and if the addition amount of the calcium stearate is too large, the organic end of the calcium stearate forms micelle, but a hydrophobic layer coated on the surface of the cement is damaged, so that the hydrophobic effect is reduced. If the addition amount is too low, complete coating cannot be achieved, and the hydrophobic effect cannot be optimized.
The solid content of the redispersible latex powder is more than or equal to 98 percent, the ash content is 10 +/-3 percent, the bulk density is 300-500 percent, the particle size of more than 400 mu m is less than or equal to 4 percent, and the lowest film forming temperature is 0-5 ℃.
The re-dispersible latex powder used in the invention has good re-dispersibility and fluidity, can be re-dispersed to form emulsion when contacting with water, and has chemical properties completely the same as those of the initial emulsion. Currently, the common redispersible latex powders include styrene-butadiene rubber (SRR), polyvinyl acetate-carboxylic acid (s)/ethylene copolymer (VA/Veo VA), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), Polyacrylate (PAE), polystyrene-acrylate copolymer (SAE), and the like. The polymer adhesive film formed by the redispersible latex powder has good flexibility, can form a film in gaps and surfaces of cement slurry particles, and has high toughness, so that the brittle and hard cement slurry has certain elasticity. The mechanism of the redispersible latex powder modified mortar can be divided into three stages: 1) the redispersible latex powder particles are uniformly distributed in the cement slurry, and the latex powder particles are deposited on the surfaces of the cement gel particles along with the hydration. 2) As the cement is further hydrated, the redispersible latex powder is gradually limited in capillary pores, and a sealing layer is formed on the surface of the cement hydrated gel, and the sealing layer also bonds the surfaces of the aggregate particles and the surfaces of the cement hydrated gel and unhydrated water. 3) Finally forming a continuous redispersible latex powder network, connecting cement hydration products together, improving the structural form of cement, and further causing the performance change of mortar, such as improved crack resistance, reduced rigidity, increased flexibility and the like.
The cellulose ether is methyl cellulose ether and the viscosity is more than 10 MPa.s.
Cellulose ether is a derivative of natural cellulose. Can be used as a water retention agent, a thickening agent, an adhesive and a dispersing agent, and also can be used as a stabilizing agent, a suspending agent, an emulsifying agent, a film forming auxiliary agent and the like. Because the cellulose ether has good water retention and thickening effects on the mortar, the workability of the mortar can be remarkably improved despite the low addition amount (0.02-0.07%). Methyl cellulose ether can be used as a water retention agent, and mainly forms hydrogen bonds with water molecules through oxygen atoms on hydroxyl groups and ether bonds, so that free water is changed into bound water. The cellulose ether can increase the viscosity of the liquid and can be used as a thickening agent. In addition, the cellulose ether can slow the cement setting and hardening process, thereby prolonging the operable time and being used as a setting regulator. The introduction of alkyl groups reduces the surface energy of aqueous solutions containing cellulose ethers and therefore has an air-entraining effect. Cellulose ethers can be classified into anionic, cationic and nonionic ethers according to the chemical structure of the substituent. As the etherifying agent, there are carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose ether, hydroxyethyl cellulose and the like. Because methyl cellulose ether is common in the market and the product performance is stable, the material is selected.
The EVA emulsion is ethylene-vinyl acetate emulsion.
The portland cement is early-strength 52.5-grade ordinary portland cement.
In the invention, the normal portland cement with early strength of conch and 52.5 grade is selected as the main cementing material. The ordinary portland cement has a general setting speed, low early strength and obvious increase of later strength. The early-strength portland cement is beneficial to early-stage strength development and is beneficial to form removal and molding of a heat-insulating material with relatively low strength.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the waterproof fireproof light heat-insulating material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials according to a formula;
(2) dissolving EVA emulsion in water to prepare a hydrophobic modifier aqueous solution, and performing hydrophobic treatment on P1 expanded perlite and P2 expanded perlite;
(3) mixing and stirring the Portland cement, the redispersible latex powder and the cellulose ether, adding water, stirring, standing, adding the hydrophobic-treated P1 expanded perlite and P2 expanded perlite, and stirring to obtain a mixed material; covering a polyethylene film on the surface of the formed mixed material, and curing at the temperature of 20 +/-2 ℃ to obtain the waterproof fireproof light heat-insulating material.
The step (2) is to spread P1 expanded perlite and P2 expanded perlite respectively, uniformly spray a hydrophobic modifier water solution on the surfaces of the P1 expanded perlite and the P2 expanded perlite, and dry the P1 expanded perlite and the P2 expanded perlite at 105 +/-5 ℃; the mass fraction of the EVA emulsion in the hydrophobic modifier is 0.5-3%, preferably 1%; the mass ratio of the P1 expanded perlite to the hydrophobic modifier is 1: 2-1: 6, preferably 1: 4; the mass ratio of the P2 expanded perlite to the hydrophobic modifier is 1: 1-1: 4, and preferably 1: 2.
In the preparation process, the feeding sequence influences the preparation effect of the material, which is different from the prior art that all raw materials are mixed and then directly added with water and stirred, the EVA emulsion needs to carry out hydrophobic treatment on the expanded perlite, the expanded perlite subjected to hydrophobic treatment is prepared firstly, and if the EVA emulsion is added, stirred and mixed once in the prior art, a uniform waterproof polymer layer cannot be formed on the surface of the expanded perlite, or the EVA can be coated in other components and cannot be effectively utilized, so that the water absorption prevention effect is poor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages;
(1) the material prepared by the formula has the advantages of strong adhesion, good performance, low water absorption, excellent fireproof performance and good economic and social benefits.
(2) The preparation process greatly improves the waterproof performance of the inorganic cement by changing the charging sequence, and has the advantages of simple whole process, low cost, easy construction and good comprehensive performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A waterproof fireproof light heat-insulating material is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing the following raw materials in a weight ratio in table 1: 100 parts of early strength 52.5-grade ordinary portland cement, 63 parts of P1 expanded perlite, 63 parts of P2 expanded perlite, 6 parts of redispersible latex powder, 0.75 part of cellulose ether, 2.35 parts of EVA emulsion and 4 parts of calcium stearate. Wherein the bulk density of the P1 expanded perlite is 59.08kg/m3. The cumulative screen residue of 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600 μm, 300 μm and 150 μm is respectively 0, 45.4%, 90.4%, 92.0%, 92.5%,99.5 percent and water absorption of 455 percent; the bulk density of the P2 expanded perlite is 151.69kg/m3. The cumulative screen residue of 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600 μm, 300 μm and 150 μm is 0, 0.2%, 43.35%, 77.81%, 96.46% and 97.82%, respectively, and the water absorption is 250%; the EVA emulsion is formed by matching ethylene-vinyl acetate; the cellulose ether is a commercially available methyl cellulose ether.
(2) Carrying out hydrophobic modification treatment on the two kinds of expanded perlite, firstly preparing EVA emulsion serving as a polymer hydrophobic modifier, then adding the EVA emulsion into water according to the mass ratio of 1% of the EVA emulsion, and uniformly stirring to obtain an aqueous solution of the polymer hydrophobic modifier; uniformly spreading the expanded perlite, wherein the stacking thickness is not more than 5mm, so that the uneven spraying is avoided, putting the water solution of the hydrophobic modifier into a spray can according to the mass ratio of the expanded perlite to the mixed solution of 1:4(P1 expanded perlite) or 1:2(P2 expanded perlite), then uniformly spraying the water solution on the surface of the expanded perlite, and continuously turning the ceramsite in the spraying process so as to cover the outer surface of the perlite with the polymer solution. After spraying, in order to prevent the expanded perlite from being extruded and crushed, the perlite is gently transferred into a large plastic bag by using a fishing net, and finally the large plastic bag is put into an oven (the temperature is 105 +/-5 ℃) for secondary drying, so that the perlite subjected to hydrophobic treatment can be prepared.
(3) As shown in figure 1, mixing and stirring ordinary portland cement, latex powder, cellulose ether and calcium stearate for 60s, adding mixing water in an amount which is 2.5 times of the mass of the cement, stirring for 60s, standing for 90s, adding the mixed expanded perlite, and stirring for 30s together; after the test piece is molded, the surface of the test piece is covered by a polyethylene film to prevent moisture from evaporating, and the test piece is cured in an environment with the temperature of 20 +/-2 ℃.
The results of the product property tests obtained in this example are shown in Table 2.
Examples 2 to 5
The preparation processes adopted in the embodiments 2 to 5 are the same as those in the embodiment 1, except for the mixture ratio of each raw material component, and the specific raw material mixture ratio is shown in table 1. The results of the performance tests on the products obtained in examples 2 and 3 are shown in Table 2.
Table 1 examples 1-6 raw material ratios
Figure GDA0002972166020000071
Table 2 examples 1-3 performance test results
Figure GDA0002972166020000072
From table 1, it can be found that the products obtained in examples 1 to 3 have low dry density, light weight, high compressive strength and low thermal conductivity, which indicates that the material has good thermal insulation performance, and the water absorption rate of the material in the last 2 hours is only about 24%, which indicates that the material has low water absorption rate, and the material is a waterproof and fireproof light thermal insulation material. The product obtained by the embodiment can solve the problems of flammability, high brittleness and the like of the organic heat-insulating material, and also overcomes the problem of easy water absorption of the traditional inorganic material. The heat insulation board prepared from the product of the embodiment has the functional characteristics of strong adhesion, fire resistance, water resistance and heat insulation.
Comparative examples 1 to 2
The preparation method of comparative examples 1-2 is the same as that of example 1, except for the ratio of each raw material component, and the specific raw material ratio is shown in table 3.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 the raw materials were prepared according to the blending ratio of example 1, see table 3, and the preparation method is different from example 1 in that ordinary portland cement, redispersible latex powder, cellulose ether, P1 expanded perlite, P2 expanded perlite, EVA emulsion, and calcium stearate were directly mixed with water and stirred.
The results of the product performance tests in comparative examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 3 raw material ratios of comparative examples 1 to 3
Figure GDA0002972166020000081
TABLE 4 comparative examples 1-3 Performance test results
Figure GDA0002972166020000082
As can be seen from the comparative example, if the EVA emulsion or calcium stearate is not added in the formula, the water resistance of the material is greatly influenced, and the water absorption rate is greatly increased; in addition, the final water absorption effect of the cement mortar can be greatly influenced by the feeding sequence, and by adopting the mode of feeding and mixing water once in the prior art, the EVA emulsion can not play the role of the EVA emulsion and can form a polymer layer on the surface of the expanded perlite, so that the hydrophobic treatment effect of the EVA emulsion on the surface of the cement is reduced, and the EVA emulsion can also interact with calcium stearate to generate a competitive adsorption effect, so that the water increasing treatment effect of the surface of the expanded perlite is lower, and the waterproof effect of the final product is poorer.
Example 6
A waterproof fireproof lightweight thermal insulation material was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the structure of expanded perlite was so different that the bulk density of P1 expanded perlite in this example was 40kg/m3The water absorption rate is 400%; the accumulated screen residue of the P1 expanded perlite with the thickness of 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600 μm, 300 μm and 150 μm is respectively 0, 50%, 92%, 95%, 97% and 99.9%; the bulk density of the P2 expanded perlite is 120kg/m3The water absorption rate is 200%; the cumulative screen residue of P2 expanded perlite at 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600 μm, 300 μm, 150 μm was 0, 2%, 45%, 85%, 97%, 99%, respectively.
Example 7
A waterproof fireproof lightweight thermal insulation material was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the structure of expanded perlite was so different that the bulk density of P1 expanded perlite in this example was 70kg/m3The water absorption rate is 500 percent; the P1 expanded perlite has cumulative screen residue of 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600 μm, 300 μm and 150 μm of 0, 40%, 85%, 90%, 91% and 96%, respectively, and the P2 expanded perlite has a bulk density of 200kg/m3The water absorption rate is 300 percent; the cumulative screen residue of the P2 expanded perlite with the screen residue of 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600 μm, 300 μm and 150 μm is respectively 0, 2%, 45%, 85%, 97% and 99％。
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A preparation method of a waterproof fireproof light heat-insulating material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing materials according to a formula;
(2) dissolving EVA emulsion in water to prepare a hydrophobic modifier aqueous solution, and performing hydrophobic treatment on P1 expanded perlite and P2 expanded perlite; the mass fraction of the EVA emulsion in the hydrophobic modifier is 0.5-3%;
(3) mixing and stirring Portland cement, redispersible latex powder and cellulose ether, adding water, stirring, standing, adding hydrophobic-treated P1 expanded perlite and P2 expanded perlite, and stirring to obtain a mixed material; covering a polyethylene film on the surface of the formed mixed material, and curing at the temperature of 20 +/-2 ℃ to obtain the waterproof fireproof light heat-insulating material;
the waterproof fireproof light heat-insulating material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
portland cement 100
Redispersible latex powder 6.0-8.0
Cellulose ether 0.5-5
50-80 parts of P1 expanded perlite
P2 expanded perlite 50-70
EVA emulsion 1-5
1-10 parts of calcium stearate;
the bulk density of the P1 expanded perlite is 40-70 kg/m3The bulk density of the P2 expanded perlite is 120-200 kg/m3(ii) a The accumulated screen residue of the P1 expanded perlite with the particle size of 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600 mu m, 300 mu m and 150 mu m is respectively 0, 40-50%, 85-92%, 90-95%, 91-97%Percent, 96-99.9%; the cumulative screen residue of the P2 expanded perlite with the particle size of 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600 μm, 300 μm and 150 μm is 0, 0.1-2%, 30-45%, 70-85%, 90-97% and 95-99% respectively.
2. The preparation method of the waterproof fireproof light-weight thermal insulation material according to claim 1, wherein the waterproof fireproof light-weight thermal insulation material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
portland cement 100
Redispersible latex powder 6.0-8.0
Cellulose ether 0.5-2
P1 expanded perlite 50-70
P2 expanded perlite 50-70
EVA emulsion 1-3
3-10 parts of calcium stearate.
3. The method for preparing the waterproof fireproof lightweight thermal insulation material of claim 1, wherein the bulk density of the P1 expanded perlite is 59.08kg/m3The water absorption rate is 400-500%; the bulk density of the P2 expanded perlite is 151.69kg/m3The water absorption rate is 200-300%.
4. The method for preparing the waterproof fireproof lightweight thermal insulation material according to claim 3, wherein the water absorption of the P1 expanded perlite is 455%; the water absorption of the P2 expanded perlite is 250%.
5. The method for preparing the waterproof fireproof lightweight thermal insulation material according to claim 3, wherein the cumulative screen residue of P1 expanded perlite of 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600 μm, 300 μm and 150 μm is 0, 45.4%, 90.4%, 92.0%, 92.5% and 99.5%, respectively; the cumulative screen residue of the P2 expanded perlite with the screen residue of 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600 μm, 300 μm and 150 μm is 0, 0.2%, 43.35%, 77.81%, 96.46% and 97.82% respectively.
6. The preparation method of the waterproof fireproof light-weight thermal insulation material according to claim 1, wherein the solid content of the redispersible latex powder is not less than 98%, the ash content is 10 ± 3%, the particle size of the redispersible latex powder larger than 400 μm is not more than 4%, and the minimum film forming temperature is 0-5 ℃.
7. The method for preparing the waterproof fireproof lightweight thermal insulation material according to claim 1, wherein the cellulose ether is methyl cellulose ether and has a viscosity of at least 10 mpa.s.
8. The method for preparing the waterproof fireproof lightweight thermal insulation material according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) is specifically that the P1 expanded perlite and the P2 expanded perlite are respectively spread, the hydrophobic modifier water solution is uniformly sprayed on the surfaces of the P1 expanded perlite and the P2 expanded perlite, and the P1 expanded perlite and the P2 expanded perlite are dried at 105 +/-5 ℃ after the spraying is finished; the mass fraction of the EVA emulsion in the hydrophobic modifier is 0.5-3%; the mass ratio of the P1 expanded perlite to the hydrophobic modifier is 1: 2-1: 6; the mass ratio of the P2 expanded perlite to the hydrophobic modifier is 1: 1-1: 4.
9. The method for preparing the waterproof fireproof light-weight thermal insulation material according to claim 8, wherein the mass fraction of the EVA emulsion in the hydrophobic modifier is 1%; the mass ratio of the P1 expanded perlite to the hydrophobic modifier is 1: 4; the mass ratio of the P2 expanded perlite to the hydrophobic modifier is 1: 2.
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