CN110433951A - Fluidization screening installation based on bed of material position and bed layer pressure Collaborative Control - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of fluidization screening installation based on bed of material position and bed layer pressure Collaborative Control, comprising: tube body, discharge control valve, the control piece that becomes a mandarin, testing agency.Tube body is equipped with entrance, the first sorting outlet and the second sorting outlet, and the first sorting outlet is located at the top of the second sorting outlet；Testing agency includes: image acquisition device and pressure detecting part, and image acquisition device is used for the height in the intracorporal bed material line of demarcation of detection pipe, and pressure detecting part is multiple and is located at tube body different height to obtain pressure difference；Discharge control valve is electrically connected so that according to the height control switch in bed material line of demarcation, the control piece that becomes a mandarin is electrically connected with coutroi velocity according to testing result with testing agency with image acquisition device.The present invention realizes the control strategy based on bed of material position Yu bed layer pressure Collaborative Control by way of image vision monitoring and pressure monitoring, has and stablizes excellent separating effect, the product purity of sorting is higher.

Description

Fluidization sorting equipment based on cooperative control of material bed position and bed pressure

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of separation equipment, in particular to fluidization separation equipment based on cooperative control of a material layer position and bed pressure.

Background

The fluidization technology has excellent mass transfer, heat transfer and momentum transfer effects, and is widely applied to the industrial fields of chemical industry, mineral separation, metallurgy, food and the like. The process by which a bed of particulate material exhibits fluid-like properties under the action of an ascending fluid medium is called fluidization. For multi-component fine material, after the bed layer is fluidized, the particles with different particle sizes or densities are segregated and layered under the combined action of buoyancy, fluid resistance, self gravity and the like, the coarse and heavy particles are easy to gather at the lower part of the fluidized bed layer due to high disturbance settling terminal velocity, and the light and fine particles are at the upper part of the bed layer due to low disturbance settling terminal velocity.

The fluidized separation equipment utilizes the movement tendency of particles with different particle sizes or densities in a fluidized bed to realize the separation of light, heavy or coarse and fine materials. The existing fluidization separation apparatus has the following disadvantages: the precision of a control system of fluidized material separation equipment is not high, the opening and closing of a control valve on a separation outlet are easy to have a hysteresis phenomenon, the material separation trend on the section of the whole fluidized bed layer is large in difference, the detection is not timely, and the separation effect of the whole fluidized bed layer is not ideal.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides fluidized separation equipment based on cooperative control of the material bed position and the bed pressure, and aims to solve the problems of low control precision and poor separation effect of the conventional fluidized separation equipment.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the fluidized sorting equipment based on cooperative control of the material layer position and the bed pressure comprises: the sorting device comprises a pipe body, a first sorting device and a second sorting device, wherein an inlet, a first sorting outlet and a second sorting outlet are formed in the pipe body, and the first sorting outlet is positioned above the second sorting outlet; an outlet control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the second sort outlet; an inflow control for controlling a flow rate of the inlet; a detection mechanism, the detection mechanism comprising: the device comprises an image collector and a plurality of pressure detection pieces, wherein the image collector is used for detecting the height of a boundary of a material bed layer in the pipe body, and the pressure detection pieces are arranged at different heights of the pipe body to obtain pressure difference; the outlet control valve is electrically connected with the image collector to control the opening and closing according to the height of a boundary line of the material bed layer, and the inflow control piece is electrically connected with the detection mechanism to control the flow rate according to a detection result.

According to the fluidized sorting equipment based on cooperative control of the material bed position and the bed pressure, a control strategy based on cooperative control of the material bed position and the bed pressure is realized in the modes of image visual monitoring and pressure monitoring, the feeding and discharging control precision is high, the delay is avoided, the sorting equipment provided by the invention can be ensured to be always in a set working state range, the stable and excellent sorting effect is realized, and the purity of the sorted product is higher.

In some embodiments, a visual window is disposed on the tube, and the image collector includes a camera disposed corresponding to the visual window.

In some embodiments, the fluidization sorting apparatus further includes a rail on which the image collector is movably disposed to track the material bed boundary.

In some embodiments, the image collector comprises at least one fill light.

In some embodiments, the pipe body includes an upper pipe section, a middle pipe section and a lower pipe section which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the first sorting port is located at the top of the upper pipe section, the second sorting port is arranged at the bottom of the middle pipe section or on the lower pipe section, and the detection mechanism is arranged corresponding to the middle pipe section.

Preferably, the middle pipe section is formed into a uniform section pipe or a variable section pipe, the lower pipe section is formed into a taper pipe with a gradually reduced section from top to bottom, and the second sorting port is formed at the bottom of the lower pipe section.

Preferably, an inner member is arranged in the upper pipe section to define a plurality of jacking channels, the bottom end of each jacking channel is communicated with the middle pipe section, and the top end of each jacking channel extends to the first sorting outlet.

Preferably, the plurality of jacking channels form at least one group of parallel channels, the extending directions of the parallel channels in each group are parallel, and the parallel channels in each group are obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal plane.

Preferably, a group of the parallel channels is formed by the plurality of jacking channels, and the top ends and the bottom ends of the plurality of jacking channels are flush; or, it is a plurality of jacking passageway forms two sets of parallel passageway, two sets of parallel passageway symmetry sets up, and two sets of parallel passageway is in the direction that is close to each other setting towards each other in the below, and two sets of parallel passageway's bottom is ascending gradually in the direction towards each other.

In some embodiments, the inner member comprises: the clamping device comprises an upper clamping plate, a lower clamping plate and a plurality of partition plates, wherein the upper clamping plate is provided with a plurality of upper bayonets, the lower clamping plate is positioned below the upper clamping plate and is provided with a plurality of lower bayonets, the plurality of partition plates are arranged at intervals, and each partition plate is clamped on the upper bayonets and the lower bayonets.

In some embodiments, the fluidized sorting apparatus further comprises a distributor disposed on the pipe body, the distributor comprises at least one main pipe, each main pipe is connected with a plurality of branch pipes, the nozzle of each branch pipe is connected with the pipe body, or each branch pipe extends into the pipe body and is provided with a plurality of openings, and the branch pipes are communicated with the nozzles or the openings of the pipe body to form the inlet.

Preferably, the inlet comprises: a feed inlet for feeding the material to be separated and an ascending fluid inlet for feeding the ascending fluid.

In some embodiments, the fluidized sorting apparatus further comprises an applicator disposed on the tube, the applicator being located below the detection mechanism.

Preferably, the uniform distributor comprises at least two layers of grids, and the aperture of each grid is 1.5 times of the maximum feeding particle size.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sorting apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a feed tube according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an inner member according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper card and a lower card according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of a sparger in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of a distributor in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a top view of a distributor according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a sorting apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a sorting apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a sorting apparatus in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

a sorting device 100,

A pipe body 10,

An upper pipe section 101, a middle pipe section 102, a lower pipe section 103,

A first sorting port 11,

An inlet 12, a feed inlet 121, an ascending fluid inlet 122, a feed tube 123, a main feed tube 1231, a transition zone 1232, a branch feed tube 1233, a flow meter 124,

A second sorting port 13,

A visual window 14,

An overflow box 15,

An overflow pipe 16,

An underflow pipe 17,

An auxiliary discharge member 18,

A third separation port 19,

An outlet control valve 20,

A controller 30,

A detection mechanism 40,

An image collector 41, a camera 411, a guide rail 412, a fill-in light 413,

A pressure detector 42, a pressure sensor A421, a pressure sensor B422,

A distributor 50,

Main pipe 51, branch pipe 52, opening 521,

A uniform distributor 60,

An inner member 70,

Jacking channel 7011, parallel channel 701, upper clamping plate 71, upper clamping opening 711, lower clamping plate 72, lower clamping opening 721 and partition plate 73.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features for distinguishing between descriptive features, non-sequential, non-trivial and non-trivial.

In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the following, referring to fig. 1 to 10, a fluidized sorting apparatus 100 based on cooperative control of bed position and bed pressure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

As shown in fig. 1, a fluidized sorting apparatus 100 based on cooperative control of bed position and bed pressure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a tube 10, an outlet control valve 20, an inflow control member (not shown), a detection mechanism 40.

The inlet 12, the first sorting outlet 11 and the second sorting outlet 13 are arranged on the tube body 10, and the first sorting outlet 11 is positioned above the second sorting outlet 13. During the sorting of the material, the material and the fluid enter the tube cavity through the inlet 12, wherein the fluid forms an ascending fluid in the process of passing into the tube cavity, so that the material forms a material bed layer in the environment of the ascending fluid. For example, light and fine particle products settle in the upper layer with the rising fluid motion, and coarse and heavy particle products settle in the lower layer. As fluid continues to be introduced, two layers may form within the tube 10, typically with a visible line of demarcation between the two layers. Light fine product may overflow the first sort outlet 11 as it rises with the rising fluid, from which first sort outlet 11 light fine product may be screened. The coarse and heavy particles can be separated out from the second separation opening 13 due to sedimentation. It should be noted that the material may be delaminated due to different particle sizes, density, and other physical and chemical properties of the material under the action of the ascending fluid, which is not limited herein. In addition, in industrial use, the separated light and fine materials of the upper material layer are basically a mixture of a plurality of materials, and the separated coarse and heavy materials of the lower material layer are also basically a mixture of a plurality of materials. The upper material layer is referred to herein as light and fine particles and the lower material layer is referred to as coarse and heavy particles when the materials are stratified, and this is merely an exemplary description for convenience of description.

The outlet control valve 20 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the second sorting port 13, when corresponding particles need to be sorted, the outlet control valve 20 is opened for collection, and when the outlet control valve 20 is closed, collection is stopped, so that the process control is simple, and the operation is convenient.

The inflow control member is used to control the flow rate of the inlet to adjust the sorting effect. Specifically, even if the upper material layer and the lower material layer are layered due to physicochemical properties, the separated upper material layer and lower material layer are mixed materials, the material layer is complex, the product types are many, and the properties of the material layer are easy to change, such as the bed porosity of the material layer, the effective density of the bed layer, and the like. As an extreme example, under one feeding condition, all light and fine particles in the lower layer material are sorted out, the obtained lower layer material is a product with high density and large density, and under another feeding condition, the lower layer material contains a large amount of light and fine particles, the obtained lower layer material is a product with high porosity and small density, and the fluctuation range of the properties of the product sorted out from the second sorting port 13 is too large. The flow rate of the inlet 12 is adjusted to control the rate of material feed and/or the rate of rising fluid to achieve correction of the properties of the sorted product material layer.

The detection mechanism 40 includes: the image collector 41 is used for detecting the height of the boundary line of the material bed layer in the pipe body 10, and the plurality of pressure detection pieces 42 are arranged at different heights of the pipe body 10 to obtain pressure difference. The outlet control valve 20 is electrically connected with an image collector 41 to control the opening and closing according to the height of the boundary line of the material bed layer, and the inflow control member is electrically connected with a detection mechanism 40 to control the flow rate according to the detection result.

The fluidized bed layer formed by the multi-component fine material has segregation and layering phenomena, a relatively obvious boundary exists between the bed layer of the coarse and heavy particle product material and the bed layer of the light and fine particle product material in the fluidized bed layer formed by the pipe body 10, and the image collector 41 can monitor the moving condition of the boundary in the separation process and the product discharge process in real time. For example, in some embodiments, if the dividing line is above the bed height threshold, the outlet control valve 20 at the second sorting outlet 13 for discharging the coarse and heavy product is opened; if the dividing line is below the lower critical value of the bed, the outlet control valve 20 is closed, so that the dividing line between the two material beds is always within a certain height range. The analysis of the position of the boundary of the material bed is based on the image processing technology of machine vision, the real-time material bed position image collected by the image collector 41 is processed by the controller 30 to obtain the material bed position at the moment, and the corresponding action instruction is sent to the outlet control valve 20 of the second sorting port 13 of the coarse and heavy particle product after being compared with the material bed position set value, so that the accurate monitoring of the material bed is realized.

The pressure detecting parts 42 are located in the pipe body 10, the pressure detecting parts 42 transmit real-time pressure signals to the controller 30, and the controller 30 calculates the internal pressure of the material bed layer. The internal pressure reflects the relevant properties of the coarse and heavy particle product bed at that moment, such as bed porosity, bed effective density, etc. The controller 30 adjusts the feeding condition according to the real-time detected pressure signal. For example, if the internal pressure is within a certain range, it indicates that the properties of the coarse and heavy particle product material layer are relatively stable, and the controller 30 controls the feeding rate or the rising flow rate to be maintained; if the internal pressure measured by the pressure detector 42 exceeds a certain range, it indicates that the property of the coarse and heavy particle product material layer has changed greatly, and the controller 30 sends a signal to the inflow control element, that is, the feeding rate or the rising flow rate changes, so as to correct the property of the coarse and heavy particle product material layer. Thereby further realizing the accurate monitoring to the material bed.

In the invention, the detection mechanism 40 consisting of the image collector 41 and the pressure detection piece 42 can realize the cooperative control and the accurate control of the material layer position and the bed layer pressure through image visual monitoring and pressure monitoring to form a set of more complete control system, so that the discharging control system has high precision, and the opening and closing of the outlet control valve 20 are not easy to generate hysteresis.

According to the fluidized sorting equipment 100 based on cooperative control of the material bed position and the bed pressure, a control strategy based on cooperative control of the material bed position and the bed pressure is realized through image visual monitoring and pressure monitoring, the feeding and discharging control precision is high, hysteresis is avoided, the sorting equipment 100 provided by the invention can be ensured to be always in a set working state range, the stable and excellent sorting effect is achieved, and the purity of the sorted product is higher.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the tube 10 is provided with a visual window 14, and the image collector 41 includes a camera 411 disposed corresponding to the visual window 14, wherein the camera 411 is located outside the tube 10. The view window 14 is provided to facilitate the image collector 41 to collect the material layer image of the fluidized bed.

Preferably, the viewing window 17 is formed by laminating two layers of transparent materials. For example, the inner layer is made of wear-resistant toughened glass, the outer layer is made of organic glass, and the integral structure is high in strength and convenient to observe. Of course, the material of the visible window 17 is not limited thereto, and thus, the detailed description thereof is omitted.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the fluidization sorting apparatus 100 further includes a guide rail 412, and the image collector 41 is movably disposed on the guide rail 412 to track the material bed boundary. The image collector 41 is arranged on the guide rail 414, and the position of the image collector 41 can be adjusted as required, so that the material bed layer can be monitored conveniently.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the image collector 41 comprises at least one fill light 413. The fill-in light 413 can provide sufficient light source for the image collector 41, so as to ensure that the image information collected by the image collector 41 is clear enough. Of course, the fill-in light 413 may be multiple, and is not limited herein.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the pipe body 10 includes an upper pipe section 101, a middle pipe section 102 and a lower pipe section 103 arranged from top to bottom, the first sorting outlet 11 is located at the top of the upper pipe section 101, the second sorting outlet 13 is located at the bottom of the middle pipe section 102 or on the lower pipe section 103, and the detection mechanism 40 is arranged corresponding to the middle pipe section 102.

Preferably, the midsection 102 is formed as a constant section tube or a variable section tube. When the middle pipe section 102 is a variable-section pipe, for example, as shown in fig. 9, the cross section of the middle pipe section 102 from top to bottom gradually becomes smaller, the ascending fluid velocity at the upper layer of the middle pipe section 102 is reduced, coarse and heavy particle products are not easy to ascend to the upper end, light and fine particle products are polluted, and the separation of the target minerals, namely light and fine particle products, is facilitated. For another example, as shown in fig. 10, when the cross section of the middle pipe section 102 from top to bottom is gradually increased, the ascending fluid velocity of the upper layer of the middle pipe section 102 is increased, and the light and fine particle products or the intermediate particle products are easy to ascend, which is beneficial to the separation of the target minerals, i.e., the coarse and heavy particles.

The lower pipe section 103 is formed into a taper pipe with the section gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the cross section of the taper pipe at the lower end is gradually reduced, so that the concentration and dehydration of the coarse and heavy materials are favorably realized.

The second sorting opening 13 is arranged at the bottom of the lower pipe section 103. Thereby facilitating the settling of the coarse and heavy product into the lower section 103 and then out of the second separation port 13.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, an underflow pipe 17 is connected to the bottom of the lower pipe section 103 to discharge the remaining material. The lower pipe section 103 is provided with an auxiliary discharging member 18, and the auxiliary discharging member 18 is at least one of a flushing pipe and a stirring member. For example, the auxiliary discharge member 18 is a flush pipe, which is fed with loose flush water when sorting the material; the auxiliary discharge member 18 is a stirring member for loosening the bottom material by stirring when sorting the materials. Through the two modes, the problem that the material is difficult to discharge due to the fact that the material is compacted at the bottom of the conical pipe can be solved.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the inner member 70 is disposed within the upper pipe segment 101 to define a plurality of jacking passages 7011, a bottom end of each jacking passage 7011 is in communication with the middle pipe segment 102, and a top end of each jacking passage 7011 extends to the first sorting opening 11. In the upper pipe section 101, the light and fine particle products discharged from the first sorting outlet 11 pass through the jacking channel 7011, and are easy to settle after contacting the jacking channel 7011, so that the heavy and coarse particle products mixed in the light and fine particle products are returned to the middle pipe section 102 or the lower pipe section 103, and the purity of the light and fine particle products is improved.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the plurality of jacking channels 7011 form at least one group of parallel channels 701, and the extending directions of each group of parallel channels 701 are parallel, so as to ensure that the materials flowing through the parallel channels 701 are uniform, the flow rates are not greatly different, and the sorting effect is improved. Each set of parallel channels 701 is inclined relative to the horizontal plane to more easily settle a portion of the coarse and heavy particle products mixed into the light and fine particle product material layer and return to the middle pipe section 102, thereby improving the sorting effect.

Preferably, a plurality of jacking passageways 7011 form a set of parallel passageway 701, and the top parallel and level and the bottom parallel and level of a plurality of jacking passageways 7011 to guarantee that the light and fine particle product of selecting separately from upper pipe section 101 evenly passes through a plurality of jacking passageways 7011, improves and selects separately the effect.

Or, a plurality of jacking passageways 7011 form two sets of parallel passage 701, and two sets of parallel passage 701 symmetry sets up, and two sets of parallel passage 701 are close to each other in orientation in the below and are set up, through setting up two sets of parallel passage 701, have increased the quantity of parallel passage 701, are favorable to improving the efficiency of subsiding of light and fine particles thing result. The bottom ends of the two groups of parallel channels 701 are gradually raised in the direction towards each other, at the moment, because the two groups of parallel channels 701 are symmetrically arranged, the upper pipe section 101 can form a tapered reducing section, and the lower ends of the parallel channels 701 are gradually raised, so that the influences of reduction of the flow area and increase of the rising flow speed caused by adding the inner member 70 can be eliminated.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the inner member 70 includes: go up cardboard 71, lower cardboard 72, a plurality of space bar 73, upward be equipped with a plurality of bayonets 711 on the cardboard 71, lower cardboard 72 is located last cardboard 71 below and has a plurality of bayonet 721 down, and a plurality of space bar 73 are the spaced apart setting, and every space bar 73 all blocks on last bayonet 711 and lower bayonet 721. The number of the upper bayonets 711 and the lower bayonets 721 is the same as that of the spacing plates 73, and the spacing plates 73 in the variable diameter section are fixed. The structure of the upper and lower clamping plates 71, 72 greatly simplifies the installation of the spacer plates 73 of the inner member 70, reducing the complexity of installation. The shape of the partition plates 73 can be rectangular, the plates are flat plates with uniform thickness, the number of the partition plates 73 can be increased or decreased according to the sorting requirement, the partition plates 73 are parallel to each other, and the length of the partition plates 73 is gradually decreased from outside to inside.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the upper pipe segment 101 is formed as an inclined segment, the upper and lower clamping plates 71 and 72 are fixed to the upper and lower portions of the inclined segment, respectively, and the number of the upper and lower bayonets 711 and 721 is the same as that of the partition plates 73, which functions to fix the inner member 70 in the inclined segment. The number of the upper and lower chucking plates 71, 72 may be set as desired, for example, the number of the upper and lower chucking plates 71, 72 is three, respectively.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the fluidized sorting apparatus 100 further comprises a distributor 50 disposed on the pipe body 10, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the distributor 50 comprises at least one main pipe 51, each main pipe 51 is connected with a plurality of branch pipes 52, the nozzle of each branch pipe 52 is connected with the pipe body 10, or each branch pipe 52 extends into the pipe body 10 and is provided with a plurality of openings 521, and the branch pipes 52 are communicated with the nozzles or openings 521 of the pipe body 10 to form the inlet 12. After the fluid is introduced into the main pipe 51, the fluid is uniformly distributed to the plurality of branch pipes 52, thereby achieving uniform distribution of the ascending fluid in the pipe body 10. Wherein, a plurality of branch pipes 52 are uniformly distributed, and the number thereof can be designed into other values according to the requirement, and is not limited here. The larger one of the openings 521 is uniform, and the openings 521 on the adjacent branch pipes 52 are distributed alternately.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, when there are two main pipes 51, the distributor 50 is in a symmetrical structure, one end of the main pipe 51 is closed, and the added fluid enters the main pipes 51 on both sides and then enters the branch pipes 52, and the fluid is uniformly introduced into the pipe body 10 through the openings 521.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the inlet 12 includes: an inlet 121 for the material to be separated and an ascending fluid inlet 122 for the ascending fluid to feed the material and the fluid from different inlets to avoid a chaotic feeding. Of course, in some embodiments, the material to be separated and the ascending fluid may be mixed and then introduced into the pipe body 10, which is not limited herein.

In some embodiments, the inlet port 121 is disposed in an upper portion of the middle tube section 102; alternatively, the feeding port 121 is disposed at the top of the upper pipe section 101 to facilitate feeding of the material.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the fluidized sorting apparatus 100 further includes a feeding pipe 123 provided on the tubular body 10, and as shown in fig. 2, the feeding pipe 123 includes: the feeding device comprises a feeding main pipe 1231, a transition area 1232 and at least two feeding branch pipes 1233, wherein the transition area 1232 is connected between the feeding main pipe 1231 and the feeding branch pipes 1233, the flow area of the transition area 1232 gradually increases in the direction from the feeding main pipe 1231 to the feeding branch pipes 1233, and one end, connected with the pipe body 10, of each feeding branch pipe 1233 is a feeding port 121. The main feeding pipe 1231 is communicated with the pipe body 10, and the number of the branch feeding pipes 1233 can be designed into other values according to requirements. The transition zone 1232 can distribute incoming material in the main feeding pipe 1231 evenly to the feeding branch pipes 1233. The feeding pipe 123 is provided with a plurality of branch pipes 1233 which are uniformly distributed along one side of the bed surface, so that the feeding pipe has a larger flow area, and the uniform and stable feeding of the feeding material flow is realized as much as possible on the premise of not influencing the flow field in the upper fluidized bed cylinder.

In some embodiments, the feeding main pipe 1231 is provided with a flow meter 124, which can display the feeding rate in real time, so as to facilitate monitoring of the feeding rate.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the fluidized sorting apparatus 100 further comprises an applicator 60 disposed on the pipe 10, the applicator 60 being located below the detecting mechanism 40. The applicator 60 may further improve the uniformity of the flow of fluid into the body 10. The distributor 50 and the distributor 60 form a special fluid distributor structure, the distributor 50 and the distributor 60 are combined, the uniform distribution of the velocity of ascending fluid can be ensured, the trend of material separation on the section of the whole bed layer has little difference, and the separation equipment is ensured to have stable and excellent separation effect.

Preferably, the applicator 60 comprises at least two layers of screens, the aperture of which is 1.5 times the maximum feed particle size. So as to ensure that all the fed particles can smoothly pass through the grid mesh, and the axial speed of the ascending fluid is uniformly distributed along the radial direction.

In some embodiments, the pressure detecting members 42 are pressure sensors, the upper and lower limits of the boundary of the material layers are located above the uppermost pressure detecting member 42, and the distance between the upper and lower limits of the boundary of the material layers can be set according to the operating conditions.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the upper pipe section 101 is provided with an overflow tank 15, the bottom of the inner member 70 is connected to the first sorting port 11, the top of the inner member 70 extends into the overflow tank 15, and the bottom of the overflow tank 15 is provided with an overflow pipe 16. After the ascending fluid is continuously introduced into the tubular body 10, the light fine particle products are separated by overflowing the light fine particle materials from the first separation outlet 11, then being collected in the overflow tank 15 and finally being discharged through the overflow pipe 16.

In some embodiments, the controller 30 is used to connect the detection mechanism 40, the outlet control valve 20, and the inflow control member, thereby achieving the material layer analysis and the discharge control.

In some embodiments, the outlet control valve 20 and the inlet control member may be automatic control valves, such as electric valves, pneumatic valves, and hydraulic valves, which are advantageous for controlling the flow rate of the inlet 12 and are simple and convenient to operate. Furthermore, the inflow control element can also be a pump, for example a screw pump, which can be connected to the inlet pipe 123, or a centrifugal pump, which can be connected to the distributor 50, by controlling a frequency converter on the pump, the inlet rate or the rising fluid velocity can be controlled. Of course, the material inlet control member 30 may be in other forms, and is not limited thereto, and will not be described in detail.

Preferably, the pressure detecting member 42 is a pressure sensor, and is convenient to operate and use. Of course, the pressure detecting member 42 may be other detecting members, and is not limited in particular.

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1, a fluidized sorting apparatus 100 includes: a tube 10, an outlet control valve 20, an inflow control member (not shown), a detection mechanism 40. The inlet 12, the first sorting outlet 11 and the second sorting outlet 13 are arranged on the tube body 10, and the first sorting outlet 11 is positioned above the second sorting outlet 13. The inlet 12 includes a feed inlet 121 and an ascending fluid inlet 122. The detection mechanism 40 includes: an image collector 41 and a pressure detecting member 42. The image collector 41 is a camera. The pressure detection members 42 are two and include a pressure sensor a421 and a pressure sensor B422. The outlet control valve 20 is a solenoid valve and the inflow control elements are a screw pump and a centrifugal pump.

The pipe body 10 comprises an upper pipe section 101, a middle pipe section 102 and a lower pipe section 103 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a first sorting outlet 11 is positioned at the top of the upper pipe section 101, a second sorting outlet 13 is arranged at the bottom of the middle pipe section 102 or on the lower pipe section 103, and the detection mechanism 40 is arranged corresponding to the middle pipe section 102.

The upper pipe section 101 is an inclined section, an inner member 70 is arranged in the inclined section, the inner member 70 defines a jacking channel 7011, and the top end and the bottom end of the jacking channel 7011 are flush. The jacking channel 7011 forms a group of parallel channels 701, the top of the parallel channel 701 is connected with the first sorting port 11, the top of the parallel channel 701 is connected with an overflow box 15, and the bottom of the overflow box 15 is provided with an overflow pipe 16. The inner member 70 includes: go up cardboard 71, lower cardboard 72, a plurality of space bar 73, upward be equipped with a plurality of bayonets 711 on the cardboard 71, lower cardboard 72 is located last cardboard 71 below and has a plurality of bayonet 721 down, and a plurality of space bar 73 are the spaced apart setting, and every space bar 73 all blocks on last bayonet 711 and lower bayonet 721.

The middle tube segment 102 is provided with a visual window 14, the image collector 41 is close to the visual window 14, the image collector 41 is connected with a light supplement lamp 413, and the image collector 41 is movably arranged on the guide rail 412. Pressure sensor a421 and pressure sensor B422 are spaced apart on the midsection 102. Pan feeding mouth 121 establishes the upper portion at well pipeline section 102, is connected with pan feeding pipe 123 on the pan feeding mouth 121, and pan feeding pipe 123 includes: a main feed pipe 1231, a transition zone 1232, and at least two branch feed pipes 1233. The ascending fluid inlet 122 is arranged at the lower part of the middle pipe section 102, the distributor 50 is arranged at the ascending fluid inlet 122, and the uniform distributor 60 is arranged above the distributor 50.

The bottom of the lower pipe section 103 is formed in a tapered shape and is provided with an underflow pipe 17, the underflow pipe 17 constitutes the second separation port 13, and the outlet control valve 20 is provided on the underflow pipe 17. The lower pipe section 103 is also connected with an auxiliary discharging member 18, and the auxiliary discharging member 18 is a flushing pipe.

Wherein the controller 30 is connected to the outlet control valve 20 and the detection mechanism 40 to achieve the material layer analysis and the discharge control.

The sorting process of the fluidized sorting apparatus 100 is as follows:

ascending fluid medium forms uniform ascending flow under the combined action of the distributor 50 and the uniform distributor 60, feeding materials are fed into the middle pipe section 102 through the feeding pipe 123, feeding particles form uniform fluidized bed layers under the uniform ascending flow and are layered according to the difference of final sedimentation speeds caused by particle interference, wherein coarse and heavy particle products are mainly located at the lower layer, light and fine particle products are mainly located at the upper layer, and a clear bed layer boundary is formed in the pipe body 10. With the continuous addition of the feeding material, the thickness of the coarse and heavy product bed layer in the middle pipe section 102 is gradually increased, the pressure difference between the pressure sensor A and the pressure sensor B is gradually increased, when the pressure sensor A and the pressure sensor B are both in the coarse and heavy particle product layer, and the pressure difference between the two pressure sensors is within the range of the pressure difference set value, the controller 30 gives a corresponding action signal to the underflow electromagnetic valve by analyzing the position information of the material layer collected by the image collector 41, and controls the opening and closing of the underflow electromagnetic valve; when the pressure difference between the two pressure sensors is not in the range of the set pressure difference value, the controller 30 firstly analyzes the material layer position information acquired by the image acquisition device 41 to obtain whether the boundary of the material layer is in the upper limit and the lower limit of the material layer position, if so, the frequency converter of the feed screw pump or the fluid medium centrifugal pump is preferentially adjusted to return the pressure difference between the pressure sensor A and the pressure sensor B to the range of the set value, and if not, the pressure difference is sent to the electromagnetic valve at the bottom flow to preferentially discharge excessive coarse and heavy particle products. In the process, a layer of light and fine particle products is gradually accumulated and moves into the upper pipe section 101 along with the ascending fluid, and coarse and heavy particle products which are partially mixed into the light and fine particle layer are more easily settled on the surface of the inner member 70 and return to the middle pipe section 102, so that the pollution of the light and fine particle products by the coarse and heavy particle products is reduced. The light and fine material passing through the upper pipe section 101 is collected by the overflow tank 15 and finally discharged from the overflow pipe 16.

Example two

As shown in fig. 8, a structure of the fluidized sorting apparatus 100 in the second embodiment is shown, and the structure of the fluidized sorting apparatus 100 in the second embodiment is substantially the same as the structure of the fluidized sorting apparatus 100 in the first embodiment, and the description of the same parts is omitted here.

Except that the upper pipe section 101 forms a tapered reducer section, the plurality of jacking passages 7011 form two sets of parallel passages 701, and the two sets of parallel passages 701 are symmetrically arranged in the reducer section. A feed inlet 121 and a feed pipe 123 are provided at the top of the upper pipe section 101.

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 9, a structure of the fluidized sorting apparatus 100 in the third embodiment is shown, and the structure of the fluidized sorting apparatus 100 in the third embodiment is substantially the same as the structure of the fluidized sorting apparatus 100 in the first embodiment, and the description of the same parts is omitted here.

Except that the upper pipe section 101 forms a tapered reducer section, the plurality of jacking passages 7011 form two sets of parallel passages 701, and the two sets of parallel passages 701 are symmetrically arranged in the reducer section. A feed inlet 121 and a feed pipe 123 are provided at the top of the upper pipe section 101. The middle pipe section 102 is a variable cross-section pipe with a cross section gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the auxiliary discharging member 18 is a stirring member with the bottom arranged in the lower pipe section 103. The middle pipe section 102 is provided with a third separation port 19, and the third separation port 19 is provided with an electromagnetic valve.

Example four

As shown in fig. 10, a structure of a fluidized sorting apparatus 100 in a fourth embodiment is shown, and the structure of the fluidized sorting apparatus 100 in the fourth embodiment is substantially the same as that of the fluidized sorting apparatus 100 in the first embodiment, and the same parts are not described again here.

Except that the upper pipe section 101 forms a tapered reducer section, the plurality of jacking passages 7011 form two sets of parallel passages 701, and the two sets of parallel passages 701 are symmetrically arranged in the reducer section. A feed inlet 121 and a feed pipe 123 are provided at the top of the upper pipe section 101. The middle pipe section 102 is a variable cross-section pipe with a gradually larger cross-section from top to bottom. The middle pipe section 102 is provided with a third separation port 19, and the third separation port 19 is provided with an electromagnetic valve.

By integrating the four embodiments, the traditional fluidized sorting equipment realizes the automatic discharge of materials by monitoring the pressure change of the bed layer, the control system has the defects of delayed control, low precision and the like, and in addition, after the feeding property is changed (such as feeding concentration, feeding speed, feeding granularity and the like), the originally set bed pressure value is not matched with the new feeding property, so that the indexes of sorted products are greatly fluctuated. The invention provides a control strategy for cooperative control of the material bed position and the bed pressure. Compared with the existing fluidization separation equipment, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the invention has a special structure of the fluid uniform distributor, the fluid uniform distributor 60 is combined with the distributor 50, the uniform distribution of the speed of the ascending fluid is ensured, and the stable and excellent separation effect of the separator is further ensured.

2. The invention has a set of more perfect control system, and the control system can ensure that the fluidization separation equipment provided by the invention is always in a set working state range based on a control strategy of cooperative control of the material layer position and the bed layer pressure.

3. The pipe body 10 of the invention is provided with the reducing section, the reducing section is provided with two groups of inner members 70 which are symmetrically arranged, the lower ends of the inner members 70 are not at the same horizontal position, from outside to inside, the lower ends of the inner members 70 are higher and higher, the characteristic that the flow area of the reducing section is increased is fully utilized, the influence of reduction of the flow area and increase of the rising flow speed caused by adding the inner members 70 is eliminated, the traditional fluidization sorting principle and the inclined plate sedimentation principle are combined more perfectly, and the mismatching of high-density fine particles in overflow is effectively reduced.

4. The structure of the upper clamping plate 71 and the lower clamping plate 72 greatly simplifies the installation of the spacing plate 73, and reduces the complexity of processing and installation of the variable-diameter section.

5. The specially designed material feeder 123 is provided with a plurality of branch pipes 1233 which are uniformly distributed along one side of the bed surface, has larger flow area, and realizes uniform and stable feeding of material feeding materials as far as possible on the premise of not influencing the flow field in the upper fluidized bed cylinder.

Other constructions and the like and operation of the fluidized sorting apparatus 100 according to embodiments of the invention are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

In the description herein, references to the description of the terms "embodiment," "example," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (14)

1. A fluidization separation equipment based on cooperative control of material bed position and bed pressure is characterized by comprising:

the sorting device comprises a pipe body, a first sorting device and a second sorting device, wherein an inlet, a first sorting outlet and a second sorting outlet are formed in the pipe body, and the first sorting outlet is positioned above the second sorting outlet;

an outlet control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the second sort outlet;

an inflow control for controlling a flow rate of the inlet;

a detection mechanism, the detection mechanism comprising: the device comprises an image collector and a plurality of pressure detection pieces, wherein the image collector is used for detecting the height of a boundary of a material bed layer in the pipe body, and the pressure detection pieces are arranged at different heights of the pipe body to obtain pressure difference;

the outlet control valve is electrically connected with the image collector to control the opening and closing according to the height of a boundary line of the material bed layer, and the inflow control piece is electrically connected with the detection mechanism to control the flow rate according to a detection result.

2. A fluidized sorting device based on cooperative control of bed position and bed pressure according to claim 1, wherein the tube body is provided with a visual window, and the image collector comprises a camera arranged corresponding to the visual window.

3. A fluidized sorting apparatus based on cooperative control of bed position and bed pressure as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a guide rail, the image collector being movably disposed on the guide rail to track the boundary of the material bed.

4. The fluidized sorting device based on cooperative control of bed position and bed pressure according to claim 2, wherein the image collector comprises at least one light supplement lamp.

5. A fluidized sorting device based on cooperative control of material bed position and bed pressure according to claim 1, wherein the pipe body comprises an upper pipe section, a middle pipe section and a lower pipe section which are arranged from top to bottom, the first sorting port is located at the top of the upper pipe section, the second sorting port is arranged at the bottom of the middle pipe section or on the lower pipe section, and the detection mechanism is arranged corresponding to the middle pipe section.

6. A fluidized sorting device based on cooperative control of bed position and bed pressure in claim 5, characterized in that the middle pipe section is formed as a uniform section pipe or a variable section pipe, the lower pipe section is formed as a taper pipe with gradually decreasing section from top to bottom, and the second sorting port is arranged at the bottom of the lower pipe section.

7. A fluidized sorting apparatus based on cooperative control of bed position and bed pressure as claimed in claim 5 wherein an inner member is provided in the upper pipe section to define a plurality of jacking channels, the bottom end of each jacking channel communicating with the middle pipe section, the top end of each jacking channel extending to the first sorting outlet.

8. A fluidized sorting device based on cooperative control of bed position and bed pressure in claim 7, wherein a plurality of the jacking channels form at least one set of parallel channels, the extending directions of each set of the parallel channels are parallel, and each set of the parallel channels are arranged obliquely to the horizontal plane.

9. A fluidized sorting apparatus based on cooperative control of bed position and bed pressure in claim 8, wherein a plurality of the jacking channels form a group of the parallel channels, and the jacking channels are level at the top end and level at the bottom end; or,

it is a plurality of jacking passageway forms two sets of parallel passage, and is two sets of parallel passage symmetry sets up, and is two sets of parallel passage is close to each other setting towards each other in the orientation down, and is two sets of parallel passage's bottom is ascending gradually towards each other orientation.

10. A fluidized sorting apparatus based on cooperative control of bed position and bed pressure as claimed in claim 7, wherein the internals include: the clamping device comprises an upper clamping plate, a lower clamping plate and a plurality of partition plates, wherein the upper clamping plate is provided with a plurality of upper bayonets, the lower clamping plate is positioned below the upper clamping plate and is provided with a plurality of lower bayonets, the plurality of partition plates are arranged at intervals, and each partition plate is clamped on the upper bayonets and the lower bayonets.

11. A fluidized sorting apparatus based on cooperative control of material bed position and bed pressure as claimed in any one of claims 1-10, further comprising a distributor disposed on the pipe body, wherein the distributor comprises at least one main pipe, each main pipe is connected with a plurality of branch pipes, the nozzle of each branch pipe is connected with the pipe body, or each branch pipe extends into the pipe body and is provided with a plurality of openings, and the branch pipe is communicated with the nozzle or the opening of the pipe body to form the inlet.

12. A fluidized sorting apparatus based on cooperative control of bed position and bed pressure as claimed in claim 11 wherein the inlet comprises: a feed inlet for feeding the material to be separated and an ascending fluid inlet for feeding the ascending fluid.

13. A fluidized sorting device based on cooperative control of bed position and bed pressure in any of claims 1-10, further comprising an applicator disposed on the pipe body, the applicator being located below the detection mechanism.

14. A fluidized sorting device based on cooperative control of bed position and bed pressure in claim 13, characterized in that the distributor comprises at least two layers of grids with a pore size 1.5 times the maximum feed particle size.