CN110433396A - Cerebral tissue electromagnetic field analysis based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to biomedical engineering fields, disclose a kind of cerebral tissue electromagnetic field analysis based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument, comprising: 8 wordline circles of transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument are placed at the top of brain；The cerebral tissue below the centre of 8 wordline circles is set as planar layered structure；According to the thickness and conductivity of layer structure each in the electric current and cerebral tissue being passed through in 8 wordline circles, analysis obtains the magnetic distribution of each layer structure in cerebral tissue.A kind of brain structure electromagnetic field analysis based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument provided by the invention, establish the plane layered model of brain, consider the influence of layered structure vortex, by in each tissue induced current and Distribution of Magnetic Field calculated and analyzed, induced current and Distribution of Magnetic Field of the brain different level when by Neural stem cell can more accurately be understood, to improve the clinical use effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument clinically to provide the positioning guidance of function of current point.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biomedical engineering fields, more particularly to a kind of cerebral tissue electricity based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument
Magnetic field analytical method.
Background technique
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (repeated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, rTMS) effect is big
The induced current density and magnetic field distribution that brain tissue generates are to determine that it stimulates the key factor of curative effect, and how is clinician
These principles of fast understanding are grasped rTMS and are accurately positioned, and are the key that play its efficiency.Coil in rTMS exact localization operation
Stimulation safe range and curative effect mechanism are the important contents of clinic, but traditional theory teaching vivid can not illustrate this nothing
The advantage of wound technology.
It deepening continuously and expands with clinical application as Neural stem cell technology develops and study teaching, having evolved into and attach most importance to
The neuromodulation and nerve stimulation technique wanted, application field is from the inspection for being used primarily for Central nervous system conduction functional completeness
The treatment that various diseases are gradually expanded to assessment is studied in particular for the clinical intervention of self-closing disease patient.In recent years, rTMS
It is increasingly taken seriously to the physiological effect of brain function, in nerveous systems such as treatment paralysis, Parkinson's disease, mental disease, cerebrovascular diseases
Certain effect is achieved in terms of system disease.
In order to accurately stimulate brain cell, the induced electricity that rTMS coil need to be generated in big intracerebral each group is knitted
Stream carries out calculating analysis.But rTMS coil is not possible to obtain by actual measurement in the induced current that big intracerebral generates.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cerebral tissue electromagnetic field analysis based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument, for solving
Certainly or part solves the problems, such as that current transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument can not survey acquisition in the induced current that brain generates.
(2) technical solution
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of, and the cerebral tissue electromagnetic field based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument divides
Analysis method, comprising: 8 wordline circles of transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument are placed at the top of brain；Setting is located under the centre of 8 wordline circles
The cerebral tissue of side is planar layered structure；According to the thickness of layer structure each in the electric current and cerebral tissue being passed through in 8 wordline circles
Degree and conductivity, analysis obtain the magnetic distribution of each layer structure in cerebral tissue.
On the basis of above scheme, the cerebral tissue below the centre of 8 wordline circles is set as planar layer
Structure specifically: setting is located at the cerebral tissue below the centre of 8 wordline circles from brain surface down successively including skin
Layer, fat deposit, skull layer, endocranium layer and brain ridge layer.
On the basis of above scheme, the thickness of each layer structure in cerebral tissue is obtained by Magnetic resonance imaging.
On the basis of above scheme, further includes: in the centre corresponding section of brain surface and 8 wordline circles, magnetic is set
Field sensor；Brain surface's magnetic induction that brain surface's magnetic induction intensity according to detected by magnetic field sensor and analysis obtain
Intensity verifies cerebral tissue electromagnetic field analysis.
On the basis of above scheme, difference is passed through in 8 wordline circles by waveform generator and current power amplifier
The electric current of frequency so that in 8 wordline circles electric current form are as follows: i (t)=Asin (2 π ft)；Wherein, A is that power amplifier determines
Current amplitude；F is the power frequency that waveform generator determines；T is time variable.
On the basis of above scheme, the magnetic induction intensity of brain surface are as follows:
Wherein, λ is integration variable；R1And R2It is 8 wordline circles respectively
The inside radius and outer radius of one coil；A is the average value of outer radius in coil；J0(λ a) is Bessel function；R0(λ) is anti-
Penetrate coefficient.
On the basis of above scheme, reflection R0(λ) are as follows: R0=(N0-Y1)/(N0+Y1)；Wherein, N0It is air layer
Wave impedance；Y1It is the waveguide admittance of skin layer；
Wherein, Nm=um/(jωμ0), m=0,1,2,3,4,5,6；
Wherein, μ0It is the magnetic conductivity of air layer；M is the number of plies in cerebral tissue from top to bottom；umIt is and tissue electromagnetic parameter
Related variable；σmIt is m layers in cerebral tissue of conductivity；NmFor m layers in cerebral tissue of wave impedance；YmFor brain group
M layers of waveguide admittance in knitting.
Induction field on the basis of above scheme, in cerebral tissue are as follows:
Em(ω)=j ω I (ω) Mm(ω), m=1,2 ..., N
Wherein, Em() is the electric field generated in m layers of cerebral tissue by coil current I ()；N is total point of cerebral tissue
The number of plies；For angular frequency；MmThe transfger impedance of () between coil current and electric field；
Further,
im(t)=σmem(t) m=1,2 ..., N
Wherein, emIt (t) is the induction field in m layers in cerebral tissue；I (t) is the time-domain expression of electric current in coil；
Mm(t) time-domain expression of the transfger impedance between coil current and electric field；For convolution symbol.
On the basis of above scheme, electric current i (t) in coil are as follows:
Wherein, R, L and C are equivalent resistance, inductance and the capacitor of discharge loop；U0For charging voltage initial on capacitor.
On the basis of above scheme, transfger impedance Mm(t) specifically:
It takes
As > T, have
It can obtain,
Wherein,
(3) beneficial effect
A kind of brain structure electromagnetic field analysis based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument provided by the invention establishes the flat of brain
Face hierarchical mode, consider layered structure vortex influence, by each tissue induced current and Distribution of Magnetic Field calculate
And analysis, induced current and Distribution of Magnetic Field of the brain different level when by Neural stem cell can be more accurately understood, to be
The positioning guidance of function of current point is clinically provided, the clinical use effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument is improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is deutocerebrum of embodiment of the present invention tissue plane schematic diagram layered；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of 8 wordline circles setting in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail.Following instance
For illustrating the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can
To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of cerebral tissue electromagnetic field analysis based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument, comprising: will
8 wordline circles of transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument are placed at the top of brain；Set cerebral tissue below the centre positioned at 8 wordline circles as
Planar layered structure；According to the thickness and conductivity of layer structure each in the electric current and cerebral tissue being passed through in 8 wordline circles, analysis
Obtain the magnetic distribution of each layer structure in cerebral tissue.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation process mainly stimulates target point near zone, and the present embodiment is proposed in research through cranium magnetic
Layered plane brain model is selected when stimulating coil is to the stimulating course of brain.By from sequence outside inward, brain is divided into skin
Skin, fat, skull, endocranium, cerebrospinal fluid and six layers of brain, every layer is characterized with conductivity and magnetic conductivity, and the areal model of brain is such as
Shown in Fig. 1.
The present embodiment establishes the plane layered model of brain, the influence of layered structure vortex is considered, by each tissue
Induced current and Distribution of Magnetic Field calculated and analyzed, can more accurately understand brain different level when by Neural stem cell
Induced current and Distribution of Magnetic Field, thus for clinically provide function of current point positioning guidance, improve transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument
Clinical use effect.
On the basis of the above embodiments, further, setting is located at the cerebral tissue below the centre of 8 wordline circles
For planar layered structure specifically: setting be located at 8 wordline circles centre below cerebral tissue from brain surface down according to
Secondary includes skin layer, fat deposit, skull layer, endocranium layer, brain ridge layer and brain layer.
On the basis of the above embodiments, further, each layer structure in cerebral tissue is obtained by Magnetic resonance imaging
Thickness.
On the basis of the above embodiments, further, a kind of cerebral tissue electromagnetic field based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument point
Analysis method further include: magnetic field sensor is set in the centre corresponding section of brain surface and 8 wordline circles；According to magnetic field sensing
Brain surface's magnetic induction intensity that brain surface's magnetic induction intensity detected by device and analysis obtain, to cerebral tissue electromagnetic field
Analysis method is verified.
8 wordline circle of transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument is placed at the top of brain, places a magnetic in the lower section at the center of coil plane
Field sensor, sensor is sufficiently small, can regard the layered structure of the brain of sensor proximity as planar layered structure.
The present embodiment is the noninvasive brain that obtains of one kind in the method for body tissue conductivity parameters.8 wordline of transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument
Circle is passed through alternating current and generates excitation field, measures the magnetic field normal component of brain surface under different frequency, by inversion method,
Obtain cerebral tissue conductivity parameters.Excitation field is generated using existing 8 wordline circle of transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument, by high-precision
Magnetic field sensor measures the magnetic field of brain surface, by mature inversion method, can non-invasively obtain brain conductivity in body
Conductivity.
Magnetic field value measured by magnetic field sensor be in exciting field and brain layered structure vortex field superposition as a result, because
This, contains brain conductivity layered and thickness information in the measurement field.Utilize nmr imaging technique, it is known that point
The thickness of layer structure, and conductivity values can be passed through by the difference to the magnetic field and analytic formula value that measure under different frequency
Suitable optimization algorithm obtains.
Since using the magnetic induction intensity of magnetic field sensor measurement brain surface, the reality obtained using measurement
Border brain surface's magnetic induction intensity is compared and analyzed with by calculating brain surface's magnetic induction intensity that analysis obtains, for testing
Whether accurate demonstrate,prove calculation and analysis methods.
On the basis of the above embodiments, further, by waveform generator and current power amplifier in 8 wordline circles
In be passed through the electric current of different frequency so that in 8 wordline circles electric current form are as follows:
I (t)=Asin (2 π ft)；
Wherein, A is the current amplitude that power amplifier determines；F is the power frequency that waveform generator determines；T is the time
Variable.
By waveform generator, change the frequency of electric current, can use N number of stepped-frequency signal, in given frequency fi, i=1,
Under 2 ..., N, the normal direction magnetic induction density B at the top of magnetic field sensor measurement brain is utilizedMea, i.It is obtained using Magnetic resonance imaging
Brain layered structure determines the thickness h of skin, fat, skull, endocranium and brain ridgem, m=1,2,3,4,5.
In cerebral levels layered structure, when different frequency, the magnetic induction intensity of brain surface can calculate as follows:
Bana,i=F (fi,1,h1,2,h2,3,h3,4,h4,5,h5,6), i=1,2 ..., N
In formula,1,2,3,4,5With6It is the conductivity of skin, fat, skull, endocranium, cerebrospinal fluid and white matter of brain.
On the basis of the above embodiments, further, the magnetic induction intensity of brain surface are as follows:
Wherein, λ is integration variable；R1And R2It is the inside radius and outer radius of 8 wordline circle, one coil respectively；A is in coil
The average value of outer radius；J0(λ a) is Bessel function；R0(λ) is reflection coefficient.
On the basis of the above embodiments, further, reflection R0(λ) are as follows:
R0=(N0-Y1)/(N0+Y1)；Wherein, N0It is the wave impedance of air layer；Y1It is the waveguide admittance of skin layer；
Wherein, Nm=um/(jωμ0), m=0,1,2,3,4,5,6；
Wherein, μ0It is the magnetic conductivity of air layer；M is the number of plies in cerebral tissue from top to bottom；umIt is and tissue electromagnetic parameter
Related variable；σmIt is m layers in cerebral tissue of conductivity；NmFor m layers in cerebral tissue of wave impedance；YmFor brain group
M layers of waveguide admittance in knitting.
The magnetic induction intensity of brain surface can be obtained by above-mentioned calculating；It is different by substituting into and then according to above-mentioned formula
Parameter, can calculate obtain every layer of structure of cerebral tissue in magnetic induction intensity.It counter can also be pushed away greatly by measuring magnetic induction intensity
Brain conductivity layered.
Further, In1,2,3,4,5With6In the case where being positive real number, following problem is calculated: | Bana,i-Bmea,i| → min,
I=1,2 ..., N；The answer of the optimization problem is the living body conductivity of each layer tissue of brain.Optimization algorithm is soft using Matlab
Have function in part in Optimization Toolbox to calculate.
Using the coil of figure-8 structure, for convenience of the electromagnetic field that coil generates in the brain is calculated, establish as shown in Figure 2
Global coordinate system.The origin of coordinate system is arranged in skin surface, and the exterior normal direction of skin surface is being set as reference axis just
To, below skin partially be cerebral tissue, be layered according to structure shown in Fig. 1.Distance of the coil plane apart from skin be
H, coil generally have several circles in short transverse, if its total height is c.It is the sectional view of two coils above Fig. 2, lower section is two lines
The top view of circle.The electric current passed through in coil is generated by rlc circuit, and two coil currents are equal in magnitude, contrary.
The electromagnetic field that two coils generate in Fig. 2 is independent from each other, therefore, in the tissue that need to calculate single coil brain
Electromagnetic field.With the P point in z-axis in Fig. 2, for induction field in the x-direction, the electric field in each layer tissue is represented by as follows
Form: the induction field in cerebral tissue are as follows:
Em(ω)=j ω I (ω) Mm(ω), m=1,2 ..., N
Wherein, Em() is the electric field generated in m layers of cerebral tissue by coil current I ()；N is total point of cerebral tissue
The number of plies；For angular frequency；MmThe transfger impedance of () between coil current and electric field.The mean radius of a expression coil；umIt is and group
Knit the related variable of electromagnetic parameter；The definition of definition and F () with z is referring to horizontal slice medium in existing cylindrical-coordinate system
The calculating process of coil induction field.
Further, it has been apparent from according to Fourier Transformation Properties:
Wherein, emIt (t) is the induction field in m layers in cerebral tissue；I (t) is the time-domain expression of electric current in coil；
Mm(t) time-domain expression of the transfger impedance between coil current and electric field is converted by numerical value inverted-F ourier and is obtained；For
Convolution symbol.
Induced current in cerebral tissue can calculate as follows:
im(t)=σmem(t) m=1,2 ..., N.
On the basis of the above embodiments, further, electric current i (t) in coil are as follows:
Wherein, R, L and C are equivalent resistance, inductance and the capacitor of discharge loop；U0For charging voltage initial on capacitor；
The above parameter is known quantity.
In order to obtain Mm(t), the numerical value under different frequency need to be calculated.Due to containing in integral kernel, there are two Bessel functions
Product, and cerebral tissue is mm-scale, then entire integral is slow convergent for high oscillation, and numerical value calculating has difficulties.
On the basis of the above embodiments, further, consider the approximate function characteristic of Bessel function, transfger impedance Mm
(t) specifically:
It takes
As > T, have
It can obtain,
Wherein,
First formula is definite integral, and zero number of two Bessel functions on [0, T] section is limited, therefore, and
Without numerical value oscillation problem, conventional numerical integration method can be used, according to zero point demarcation interval of the Bessel function on real axis
It is calculated.Second with third formula by MmDouble Bessel function products in () are converted to single sinusoidal or remaining
The oscillation property of the Integral Problem of string function, integral kernel effectively weakens.To the integral of this two functions, change integral road can be used
The steepest descent method of diameter calculates.Therefore, it can get induced current by calculating.
The present embodiment proposes a kind of quickly calculating frequency domain side for double infinite improper integrals containing Bessel function
Method；According to the time domain induced current and Distribution of Magnetic Field of brain different level, the person that can instruct clinical learning is rapidly completed to be pierced through cranium magnetic
Swash instrument to be accurately positioned.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cerebral tissue electromagnetic field analysis based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument characterized by comprising
8 wordline circles of transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument are placed at the top of brain；
The cerebral tissue below the centre of 8 wordline circles is set as planar layered structure；
According to the thickness and conductivity of layer structure each in the electric current and cerebral tissue being passed through in 8 wordline circles, analysis obtains brain
The magnetic distribution of each layer structure in tissue.
2. the cerebral tissue electromagnetic field analysis according to claim 1 based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument, which is characterized in that
The cerebral tissue below the centre of 8 wordline circles is set as planar layered structure specifically:
Setting is located at the cerebral tissue below the centre of 8 wordline circles from brain surface down successively including skin layer, fat
Layer, skull layer, endocranium layer and brain ridge layer.
3. the cerebral tissue electromagnetic field analysis according to claim 1 based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument, which is characterized in that
The thickness of each layer structure in cerebral tissue is obtained by Magnetic resonance imaging.
4. the cerebral tissue electromagnetic field analysis according to claim 1 based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument, which is characterized in that
Further include:
In the centre corresponding section of brain surface and 8 wordline circles, magnetic field sensor is set；
Brain surface's magnetic induction intensity that brain surface's magnetic induction intensity according to detected by magnetic field sensor and analysis obtain,
Cerebral tissue electromagnetic field analysis is verified.
5. the cerebral tissue electromagnetic field analysis according to any one of claims 1 to 4 based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument, special
Sign is, the electric current of different frequency is passed through in 8 wordline circles by waveform generator and current power amplifier, so that 8 wordline
The form of electric current in circle are as follows:
I (t)=Asin (2 π ft)；
Wherein, A is the current amplitude that power amplifier determines；F is the power frequency that waveform generator determines；T is time variable.
6. the cerebral tissue electromagnetic field analysis according to claim 5 based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument, which is characterized in that
The magnetic induction intensity of brain surface are as follows:
Wherein, λ is integration variable；R1And R2It is the inside radius and outer radius of 8 wordline circle, one coil respectively；A is coil inside and outside half
The average value of diameter；J0(λ a) is Bessel function；R0(λ) is reflection coefficient.
7. the cerebral tissue electromagnetic field analysis according to claim 6 based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument, which is characterized in that
Reflection R0(λ) are as follows:
R0=(N0-Y1)/(N0+Y1)；Wherein, N0It is the wave impedance of air layer；Y1It is the waveguide admittance of skin layer；
Wherein, Nm=um/(jωμ0), m=0,1,2,3,4,5,6；
Wherein, μ0It is the magnetic conductivity of air layer；M is the number of plies in cerebral tissue from top to bottom；umIt is related with tissue electromagnetic parameter
Variable；σmIt is m layers in cerebral tissue of conductivity；NmFor m layers in cerebral tissue of wave impedance；YmFor in cerebral tissue
M layers of waveguide admittance.
8. the cerebral tissue electromagnetic field analysis according to claim 1 based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument, which is characterized in that
Induction field in cerebral tissue are as follows:
Em(ω)=j ω I (ω) Mm(ω), m=1,2 ..., N
Wherein, Em() is the electric field generated in m layers of cerebral tissue by coil current I ()；N is the total hierarchy number of cerebral tissue；
For angular frequency；MmThe transfger impedance of () between coil current and electric field；
Further,
im(t)=σmem(t) m=1,2 ..., N
Wherein, emIt (t) is the induction field in m layers in cerebral tissue；I (t) is the time-domain expression of electric current in coil；Mm(t)
The time-domain expression of transfger impedance between coil current and electric field；For convolution symbol.
9. the cerebral tissue electromagnetic field analysis according to claim 8 based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument, which is characterized in that
Electric current i (t) in coil are as follows:
Wherein, R, L and C are equivalent resistance, inductance and the capacitor of discharge loop；U0For charging voltage initial on capacitor.
10. the cerebral tissue electromagnetic field analysis according to claim 9 based on transcranial magnetic stimulation instrument, feature exist
In transfger impedance Mm(t) specifically:
It takes
As > T, have
It can obtain,
Wherein,
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