CN110429251A - A kind of anode material of lithium-ion battery and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of anode material of lithium-ion battery and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN110429251A
CN110429251A CN201910652947.3A CN201910652947A CN110429251A CN 110429251 A CN110429251 A CN 110429251A CN 201910652947 A CN201910652947 A CN 201910652947A CN 110429251 A CN110429251 A CN 110429251A
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ion battery
lithium
sio
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anode material
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董玉成
林叶茂
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Zhaoqing South China Normal University Optoelectronics Industry Research Institute
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/054Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362Composites
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/581Chalcogenides or intercalation compounds thereof
    • H01M4/5815Sulfides
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624Electric conductive fillers
    • H01M4/625Carbon or graphite
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/628Inhibitors, e.g. gassing inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of sodium-ion battery, it is specifically related to a kind of anode material of lithium-ion battery and preparation method thereof.The negative electrode material is the Sb with hollow core-shell structure2S3@C-material.The anode material of lithium-ion battery can improve ion kinetics of diffusion and improve electron conductivity, to improve the chemical property of battery.With single pure Sb2S3It compares, using the Sb with hollow core-shell structure2S3@C-material shows the specific capacity significantly improved, outstanding cyclical stability and rate capability as the sodium-ion battery of negative electrode material.

Description

A kind of anode material of lithium-ion battery and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sodium-ion battery, it is specifically related to a kind of anode material of lithium-ion battery and its system Preparation Method.
Background technique
Lithium ion battery (LIB) has been used as main energetic storage device to be applied to electric vehicle and portable electric source domain, so And with being continuously increased to rechargeable battery green, large capacity and cost-effectiveness demand, people start to explore more environmentally-friendly and high The battery of effect.Wherein sodium resource abundant, so that sodium-ion battery, as high-efficiency energy-storage system, lithium-ion electric can be replaced by becoming The potential energy stocking system in pond.
Although sodium shows chemical behavior similar with lithium in the battery, routinely bear used in the lithium ion battery Material such as graphite material in pole is not suitable for sodium-ion battery, because the ionic radius of sodium is greater than the ionic radius of lithium, seeks Looking for suitable negative electrode material is the significant challenge of sodium-ion battery.In the negative electrode material explored, metal sulfide is recognized It is special because they have various structures type and excellent electro-chemical activity for the negative electrode material for being high-performance sodium-ion battery It is not the negative electrode material of Sb base, since its theoretical capacity is up to 1227mAhg-1And it receives significant attention.
The Sb in past research2S3Sodium storage mechanism be related to conversion and alloying process, however due to battery charging and Big volume change, blocky Sb can occur in discharge process2S3Show the cycle life gone on business and stability.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to a kind of anode material of lithium-ion battery and its system are provided for above-mentioned defect Preparation Method, which can improve ion kinetics of diffusion and improve electron conductivity, to improve electricity The chemical property in pond.With single pure Sb2S3It compares, using the Sb with hollow core-shell structure2S3@C-material is as cathode The sodium-ion battery of material shows the specific capacity significantly improved, outstanding cyclical stability and rate capability.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of anode material of lithium-ion battery, which is with hollow nucleocapsid knot The Sb of structure2S3@C-material.
A kind of preparation method of the anode material of lithium-ion battery, first synthesis Sb2S3Nanometer rods;Then in Sb2S3It receives The surface of rice stick first coats one layer of SiO2, then coat one layer of dopamine;Finally first pass through high-temperature calcination, then in HF solution it is right SiO2It performs etching, obtains the Sb with the hollow nucleocapsid structure of uniform heterogeneous interface2S3@C-material.
The preparation method of the anode material of lithium-ion battery, specifically includes the following steps:
(1)Sb2S3The preparation of nanometer rods presoma: antimony trichloride, which is dissolved in label in ethylene glycol, first is, by nine Water vulcanized sodium is dissolved in label in ethylene glycol;Then B solution is instilled in solution A and stirs to get homogeneous solution;Finally Gained homogeneous solution is transferred in reaction kettle, reacts 10h under the conditions of 200 DEG C, is dried to collect products therefrom after reaction It is dry stand-by;
(2) Sb is prepared2S3@SiO2: first by step (1) resulting Sb2S3Nanometer rods are dissolved in ethyl alcohol, then are poured into together Water, ethyl alcohol and ammonia solution, and be stirred after being ultrasonically treated;Then tetraethyl orthosilicate is added, continues to stir;Finally centrifugation, Products therefrom is collected, and washing and drying is spare;
(3) Sb is prepared2S3@SiO2@PDA: first by Dopamine hydrochloride and step (2) resulting Sb2S3@SiO2It is added extremely It is stirred in Tris buffer;It is then centrifuged for, collects products therefrom;It finally washs, be dried for standby;
(4) Sb is prepared2S3@C: first by step (3) resulting Sb2S3@SiO2@PDA is calcined under the atmosphere of argon gas, It is placed in HF solution and is stirred to SiO to the end of calcining2Layer performs etching;It is centrifuged after etching, collects products therefrom, It finally washs, drying obtains Sb2S3@C。
Antimony trichloride is 0.228g in the step (1) and nine water vulcanized sodium are 0.48g, ethylene glycol 20mL;The step Suddenly Sb in (2)2S3Nanometer rods 0.1g is dissolved in the ethyl alcohol of 5mL;The water poured into together is 70mL, ethyl alcohol 280mL, and ammonia solution is 2.2mL, wherein the concentration of ammonia solution is 28wt%;Tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1.8mL;Sb in the step (3)2S3@SiO2With salt The mass ratio of sour dopamine is 1:0.5.
Mixing speed is 350r/min in the step (1), and mixing time is 3 hours;Ultrasonic treatment in the step (2) 30min is stirred under the conditions of revolving speed 350r/min afterwards, tetraethyl orthosilicate is added and continues stirring 8 under the conditions of revolving speed 350r/min Hour;It is stirred for 24 hours under the conditions of revolving speed 350r/min in the step (3);In the step (4) revolving speed be 350r/min item 4h is stirred under part.
Centrifugation in step (2)-(4) is centrifuged 3min under the conditions of revolving speed is 10000r/min;Washing is to adopt It is respectively washed three times with water and ethyl alcohol;Baking oven is dried under the conditions of 60 DEG C for drying in step (1)-(4).
Sonication treatment time is 10 minutes in the step (2);The calcination temperature calcined in the step (4) is 400 DEG C, Calcination time is 2h, and heating rate is 2 DEG C/min.
The concentration of Tris buffer is 10mmol/L, pH value 8.5 in the step (3);HF solution in the step (4) Mass fraction be 20%.
The invention has the benefit that anode material of lithium-ion battery of the present invention is with hollow core-shell structure Sb2S3@C-material, uses Sb2S3Nanometer rods are as presoma, successively in Sb2S3The surface coated Si O of nanometer rods2And DOPA Amine finally obtains the hollow nucleocapsid structure with uniform heterogeneous interface by high-temperature calcination and etching, passes through simplicity Method synthesizes Sb2S3@C heterojunction structure, is applied on anode material of lithium-ion battery, and the electrification of sodium-ion battery is enhanced Learn property.
Sb first2S3One layer of SiO is coated outside nanometer rods2Layer increases its radius, then coats one layer of DOPA outside again Amine, outmost poly-dopamine becomes a thin layer of carbon-coating after carbonization, and SiO2Layer then becomes Sb2S3Nanometer rods and Wall between carbon-coating, material is thus formed the structures of a sandwich;Again by the etching of HF, by intermediate SiO2Layer is carved Eating away forms hollow core-shell structure, provides additional cushion space and pressure, can restrained effectively sodium ion and exist Bring volume expansion in charge and discharge process, relative to no coated Si O2The Sb of layer2S3For@C-material, the structure more can The cycle performance and coulombic efficiency for enough effectively improving sodium-ion battery improve the circulation and stability and battery of battery Specific capacity.
The hollow core-shell structure being synthesized is designed, provides more electron channels for battery, is conducive to battery electrification Learn the progress of reaction.During battery charging and discharging, due to the presence of outside carbon, effectively inhibit due to embedding sodium and removing sodium Process bring volume expansion.In Sb2S3Carbon-coating outside nanometer rods has good electric conductivity, can increase the specific volume of battery Amount, improves chemical property.
In conclusion the negative electrode material various aspects collective effect, significantly improves the cycle performance of sodium-ion battery, promoted The capacity and service life of battery, realize industrialized to sodium-ion battery have positive effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is 1 step of embodiment (1) resulting Sb2S3The scanning electron microscopic picture of nanometer rods presoma.
Fig. 2 is 1 gained Sb of embodiment2S3The electron scanning micrograph of@C, wherein A is Sb under low-voltage2S3@C's sweeps Electron micrograph is retouched, B is the Sb under high voltage condition2S3The Scanning Electron microscope of@C.
Fig. 3 is single pure Sb2S3, uncoated SiO2Prepare resulting Sb2S3Sb prepared by@C and the present invention2S3@C points Not Zuo Wei anode material of lithium-ion battery be applied to sodium-ion battery, current density be 1A/g discharging condition under electrochemistry follow Ring comparison diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, the invention will be further described.Wherein involved raw material are by Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd and Mike's woods reagent Co., Ltd buy.
Embodiment 1
The anode material of lithium-ion battery is the Sb with the hollow core-shell structure of uniform heterogeneous interface2S3@C-material.
The preparation method of the anode material of lithium-ion battery, specifically includes the following steps:
(1)Sb2S3The preparation of nanometer rods presoma: 0.228g antimony trichloride, which is dissolved in label in 20mL ethylene glycol, first is Solution, nine water vulcanized sodium of 0.48g, which is dissolved in label in 20mL ethylene glycol, is;Then by B solution instill solution A in and Revolving speed stirs 3 hours under the conditions of being 350r/min and obtains homogeneous solution;Finally gained homogeneous solution is transferred in reaction kettle, In 10h is reacted under the conditions of 200 DEG C, obtains Sb to collect products therefrom after reaction and dry in 60 DEG C of baking oven2S3Nanometer rods Presoma is stand-by;Its pattern as shown in Figure 1, the presoma pattern being prepared be it is rodlike, it is uniform in size, length be 1~2 μm, Diameter is 50~80nm.
(2) Sb is prepared2S3@SiO2: first by step (1) resulting Sb2S3Nanometer rods 0.1g is dissolved in 5mL ethyl alcohol, further The ammonia solution for pouring into that 70mL water, 280mL ethyl alcohol and 2.2mL concentration are 28wt% is acted, and is ultrasonically treated and is in revolving speed after ten minutes 30min is stirred under the conditions of 350r/min;Then 1.8mL tetraethyl orthosilicate is added, continues in revolving speed to be 350r/min item It is stirred 8 hours under part;Finally under the conditions of revolving speed is 10000r/min centrifugation 3min, collect products therefrom, and respectively with water and Ethyl alcohol respectively washs three times, is dried for standby in 60 DEG C of baking oven;
(3) Sb is prepared2S3@SiO2@PDA: first by Dopamine hydrochloride and step (2) resulting Sb2S3@SiO2According to quality It is 10mmol/L that ratio than 0.5:1, which is added to concentration, is 350r/min in revolving speed in the Tris buffer that pH value is 8.5 Under the conditions of stir for 24 hours;Then centrifugation 3min, collection products therefrom under the conditions of revolving speed is 10000r/min;Water is finally used respectively It is respectively washed with ethyl alcohol three times, and be dried for standby in 60 DEG C of baking oven;
(4) Sb is prepared2S3@C: first by step (3) resulting Sb2S3@SiO2@PDA is calcined under the atmosphere of argon gas, Wherein calcination temperature is 400 DEG C, calcination time 2h, and heating rate is 2 DEG C/min, and being placed on mass fraction to the end of calcining is In 20% HF solution, 4h is stirred under the conditions of revolving speed is 350r/min, to SiO2Layer performs etching;In revolving speed after etching To be centrifuged 3min under the conditions of 10000r/min, collecting products therefrom, finally respectively washed three times with water and ethyl alcohol respectively, and at 60 DEG C Baking oven in drying obtain Sb2S3@C.Its pattern is as shown in Fig. 2, be stick by figure A as it can be seen that material is successfully prepared at low voltage Shape structure, the presoma with respect to before, it can be seen that Sb2S3The radius of nanometer rods becomes larger, and diameter is 80~100nm.In high electricity Pressure, by figure B as it can be seen that prepared Sb2S3@C is the structure of a nucleocapsid, and outside is one layer of carbon, and centre is Sb2S3Nanometer rods, And Sb2S3There is gap between nanometer rods and carbon-coating, this gap is SiO2It is formed after etching.
By Sb obtained above2S3@C and single pure Sb2S3, uncoated SiO2Prepare resulting Sb2S3@C is respectively as sodium Ion battery cathode material is applied to sodium-ion battery, in the case where current density is 1A/g discharging condition, measures the electrochemistry of three Comparison diagram is recycled, as seen from Figure 3, anode material of lithium-ion battery uses coated Si O of the present invention2It prepares resulting with hollow core The Sb of shell structure2S3The specific capacity of@C-material, battery charge and discharge is relatively high, and very stable;And single pure Sb2S3Specific capacity It is lower, and it is fast to decay;There is no coated Si O2Prepare resulting Sb2S3Capacity can also keep fine to@C-material at the beginning, but It is the increase with cycle-index, capacity starts gradually to decay, the reason is that inhibiting without enough spaces due to charge and discharge Bring volume expansion in the process.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of anode material of lithium-ion battery, which is characterized in that the negative electrode material is the Sb with hollow core-shell structure2S3@C Material.
2. a kind of preparation method of anode material of lithium-ion battery described in claim 1, which is characterized in that synthesis Sb first2S3It receives Rice stick;Then in Sb2S3The surface of nanometer rods first coats one layer of SiO2, then coat one layer of dopamine;High temperature is finally first passed through to forge It burns, then to SiO in HF solution2It performs etching, obtains the Sb with the hollow nucleocapsid structure of uniform heterogeneous interface2S3@C-material.
3. the preparation method of anode material of lithium-ion battery according to claim 2, which is characterized in that specifically include following step It is rapid: (1) Sb2S3The preparation of nanometer rods presoma: it is to vulcanize nine water that antimony trichloride, which is dissolved in label in ethylene glycol, first Sodium is dissolved in label in ethylene glycol;Then B solution is instilled in solution A and stirs to get homogeneous solution;Finally by gained Homogeneous solution is transferred in reaction kettle, reacts 10h under the conditions of 200 DEG C, stand-by to collect products therefrom drying after reaction;
(2) Sb is prepared2S3@SiO2: first by step (1) resulting Sb2S3Nanometer rods are dissolved in ethyl alcohol, then pour into water, second together Pure and mild ammonia solution, and be stirred after being ultrasonically treated;Then tetraethyl orthosilicate is added, continues to stir;It is finally centrifuged, collects institute Product is obtained, and washing and drying is spare;
(3) Sb is prepared2S3@SiO2@PDA: first by Dopamine hydrochloride and step (2) resulting Sb2S3@SiO2It is added slow to Tris It is stirred in fliud flushing;It is then centrifuged for, collects products therefrom;It finally washs, be dried for standby;
(4) Sb is prepared2S3@C: first by step (3) resulting Sb2S3@SiO2@PDA is calcined under the atmosphere of argon gas, wait forge Sintering beam, which is placed in HF solution, to be stirred to SiO2Layer performs etching;It is centrifuged after etching, collects products therefrom, finally Washing, drying obtain Sb2S3@C。
4. the preparation method of anode material of lithium-ion battery according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in the step (1) Antimony trichloride is 0.228g and nine water vulcanized sodium are 0.48g, ethylene glycol 20mL;Sb in the step (2)2S3Nanometer rods 0.1g It is dissolved in the ethyl alcohol of 5mL;The water poured into together is 70mL, ethyl alcohol 280mL, ammonia solution 2.2mL, the wherein concentration of ammonia solution For 28wt%;Tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1.8mL;Sb in the step (3)2S3@SiO2Mass ratio with Dopamine hydrochloride is 1: 0.5。
5. the preparation method of anode material of lithium-ion battery according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in the step (1) Mixing speed is 350r/min, and mixing time is 3 hours;In revolving speed 350r/min condition after ultrasonic treatment in the step (2) Lower stirring 30min is added tetraethyl orthosilicate and continues stirring 8 hours under the conditions of revolving speed 350r/min;In the step (3) It is stirred for 24 hours under the conditions of revolving speed 350r/min;4h is stirred under the conditions of revolving speed is 350r/min in the step (4).
6. the preparation method of anode material of lithium-ion battery according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the step (2)- (4) centrifugation in is centrifuged 3min under the conditions of revolving speed is 10000r/min;Washing is respectively to be washed three times using water and ethyl alcohol; Baking oven is dried under the conditions of 60 DEG C for drying in step (1)-(4).
7. the preparation method of anode material of lithium-ion battery according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in the step (2) Sonication treatment time is 10 minutes;The calcination temperature calcined in the step (4) is 400 DEG C, calcination time 2h, heating rate For 2 DEG C/min.
8. the preparation method of anode material of lithium-ion battery according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in the step (3) The concentration of Tris buffer is 10mmol/L, pH value 8.5;The mass fraction of HF solution is 20% in the step (4).
CN201910652947.3A 2019-07-19 2019-07-19 A kind of anode material of lithium-ion battery and preparation method thereof Pending CN110429251A (en)

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CN111048752A (en) * 2019-11-25 2020-04-21 珠海冠宇电池有限公司 Negative electrode material, preparation method thereof and sodium ion battery
CN111785967A (en) * 2020-06-30 2020-10-16 北京高压科学研究中心 Core-shell structure chalcogenide negative electrode material and preparation method thereof
CN112086644A (en) * 2020-09-01 2020-12-15 广东工业大学 Metal sulfide lithium ion negative electrode material and preparation method thereof
CN112086644B (en) * 2020-09-01 2022-04-01 广东工业大学 Metal sulfide lithium ion negative electrode material and preparation method thereof
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CN115594156B (en) * 2022-11-10 2023-11-28 安徽工业大学 Bamboo-like antimony-antimony sulfide selenide@hollow carbon tube material and preparation method and application thereof

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