CN110426700B - Ranging method for 24GHz millimeter waves - Google Patents
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- CN110426700B CN110426700B CN201910673702.9A CN201910673702A CN110426700B CN 110426700 B CN110426700 B CN 110426700B CN 201910673702 A CN201910673702 A CN 201910673702A CN 110426700 B CN110426700 B CN 110426700B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S13/32—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a ranging method of 24GHz millimeter waves, which comprises the following steps: step S1, transmitting a first radio frequency signal through an antenna group; s2, receiving a second radio frequency signal formed by reflecting the first radio frequency signal through the antenna group; s3, forming two paths of intermediate frequency signals by the first radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal through a frequency mixing method; s4, acquiring two paths of voltage signals through two paths of intermediate frequency signals; and S5, analyzing the two paths of voltage signals to acquire the distance information between the antenna group and a measured object. The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the distance measuring method for 24GHz millimeter waves can measure the target distance of a shorter distance (less than 60 cm), can achieve the distance measuring precision of + -1mm, does not need a complex processing process, correspondingly reduces the requirements of software and hardware, reduces the cost and is suitable for popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a ranging method for 24GHz millimeter waves.
Background
24GHz millimeter wave ranging is widely applied to the fields of traffic, hydrology and the like which need ranging. The conventional 24GHz millimeter wave generally adopts a frequency modulation continuous wave mode to measure the distance, and the distance to be tested is calculated through the spectrum phase analysis of two paths of intermediate frequency signals.
However, due to the presence of the frequency modulation signal, the test method is difficult to measure the frequency spectrum of the intermediate frequency signal smaller than the frequency of the modulation signal, the 24GHz band bandwidth of the ISM (Industrial Scientific Medical industrial scientific medical) is limited, and only the range of 250MHz can be used, so that objects within 60cm cannot be tested. Because of the frequency modulation continuous wave ranging mode, the measurement accuracy is limited by bandwidth, and although the accuracy can be improved through curve fitting, larger calculation capability is required. The hardware requires a complex modulation circuit, the software requires a strong DSP (Digital Signal Processing digital signal processing) processing capability, for example, complex fourier transform processing is required, and the cost is high. Therefore, the above problems are a major problem for those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, a 24GHz millimeter wave ranging method is provided. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the invention provides a ranging method of 24GHz millimeter waves, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, transmitting a first radio frequency signal through an antenna group;
s2, receiving a second radio frequency signal formed by reflecting the first radio frequency signal through the antenna group;
s3, forming two paths of intermediate frequency signals by the first radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal through a frequency mixing method;
s4, collecting two paths of voltage signals through the two paths of intermediate frequency signals;
and S5, analyzing the two paths of voltage signals to acquire the distance information between the antenna group and a measured object.
Preferably, in the step S3, the two intermediate frequency signals are subjected to filtering processing.
Preferably, the mixing method is a zero intermediate frequency quadrature mixing method.
Preferably, in the step S3, the two intermediate frequency signals are an I intermediate frequency signal and a Q intermediate frequency signal, respectively.
Preferably, the first radio frequency signal is denoted as ftx=asin (ax), the second radio frequency signal is denoted as frx=bsin (ax+y), and the I-path intermediate frequency signal and the Q-path intermediate frequency signal are generated by mixing the first radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal, wherein a specific formula of the I-path intermediate frequency signal is as follows:
Asin(ax)*Bsin(ax+y)*L；
the specific formula of the Q paths of intermediate frequency signals is as follows:
Asin(ax)*Bcos(ax+y)*L；
wherein A is used for representing the amplitude of the first radio frequency signal;
b is used to represent the amplitude of the second radio frequency signal;
ax is used to represent frequency;
y is used to represent the amount of phase shift;
l is used to represent the mixing attenuation coefficient.
Preferably, in the step S4, the I-path intermediate frequency signal and the Q-path intermediate frequency signal are used to collect an I-path direct current voltage signal and a Q-path direct current voltage signal, respectively.
Preferably, in the step S5, the frequencies and phases of the I-path dc voltage signal and the Q-path dc voltage signal are analyzed to calculate the distance information between the antenna group and the measured object.
Preferably, the first radio frequency signal generates the 24GHz millimeter wave signal.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the distance measuring method for 24GHz millimeter waves can measure the target distance of a shorter distance (less than 60 cm), can achieve the distance measuring precision of + -1mm, does not need a complex processing process, correspondingly reduces the requirements of software and hardware, reduces the cost and is suitable for popularization.
Drawings
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings, however, are for illustration and description only and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of steps of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a waveform diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
The invention provides a ranging method of 24GHz millimeter waves, which works an antenna group in a continuous wave mode without modulation, wherein the ranging method comprises the following steps:
step S1, transmitting a first radio frequency signal through an antenna group;
s2, receiving a second radio frequency signal formed by reflecting the first radio frequency signal through the antenna group;
s3, forming two paths of intermediate frequency signals by the first radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal through a frequency mixing method;
s4, acquiring two paths of voltage signals through two paths of intermediate frequency signals;
and S5, analyzing the two paths of voltage signals to acquire the distance information between the antenna group and a measured object.
The first radio frequency signal is denoted as ftx=asin (ax), the second radio frequency signal is denoted as frx=bsin (ax+y), and the first radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal are mixed to generate an I-path intermediate frequency signal and a Q-path intermediate frequency signal, wherein the specific formula of the I-path intermediate frequency signal is as follows:
Asin(ax)*Bsin(ax+y)*L；
the specific formula of the Q paths of intermediate frequency signals is as follows:
Asin(ax)*Bcos(ax+y)*L；
wherein A is used for representing the amplitude of the first radio frequency signal;
b is used to represent the amplitude of the second radio frequency signal;
ax is used to represent frequency;
y is used to represent the amount of phase shift;
l is used to represent the mixing attenuation coefficient.
According to the ranging method for 24GHz millimeter waves, as shown in fig. 1, the antenna group is used for transmitting the first radio frequency signal, and the first radio frequency signal is reflected by the measured object to form the second radio frequency signal, and then the second radio frequency signal is received by the antenna group.
Further, the first radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal are subjected to zero-crossing intermediate frequency quadrature mixing operation to form two paths of intermediate frequency signals which are intersected, and then the two paths of intermediate frequency signals are subjected to filtering processing, and then two paths of voltage signals are acquired.
The two intermediate frequency signals are respectively an I intermediate frequency signal and a Q intermediate frequency signal, and the I intermediate frequency signal and the Q intermediate frequency signal are respectively used for collecting an I direct current voltage signal and a Q direct current voltage signal through an ADC (Analog-to-digital converter Analog-to-digital converter), wherein the I direct current voltage signal and the Q direct current voltage signal are changed along with the change of the phase.
The ADC adopts a 16-bit ADC to respectively collect I paths of direct current voltage signals and Q paths of direct current voltage signals so as to reduce cost.
In addition, it should be noted that, when the measurement is started, the antenna set needs to perform environmental calibration, and the distance between the measured object is fixed first to obtain reference voltage signals VrefI and VrefQ of the I-path direct current voltage signal and the Q-path direct current voltage signal when the measured object is not present, where VrefI is the I-path reference voltage signal and VrefQ is the Q-path reference voltage signal, so as to be used as a subsequent calculation calibration basis.
Further, the frequencies and phases of the I path direct current voltage signal and the Q path direct current voltage signal are respectively analyzed to calculate the distance between the antenna group and the measured object, so that the distance measuring precision is higher and the cost is lower.
In this embodiment, in step S5, the frequencies and phases of the I-path dc voltage signal and the Q-path dc voltage signal are analyzed to calculate the distance information between the antenna group and the measured object.
The specific way of calculating the distance between the antenna group and the measured object is as follows:
if the moving distance of the measured object is D, D is the measured distance, the I path voltage signal acquired after the measured object moves is VI, and the Q path voltage signal is VQ.
Assuming that the first rf signal is ftx=asin (ax), and the second rf signal reflected by the measured object is frx=bsin (ax+y).
Further, the first radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal are mixed to generate an I-path intermediate frequency signal and a Q-path intermediate frequency signal, wherein the specific formula of the I-path intermediate frequency signal is as follows:
Asin(ax)*Bsin(ax+y)*L
＝-0.5*A*B*[sin(ax+ax+y)-cos(ax-ax-y)]*L
＝-0.5*A*B*[sin(2ax+y)-cos(-y)]*L
filtering the frequency components by a filter to obtain an I path direct current voltage signal:
VdcI＝0.5*A*B*L*cos(y)；
further, the specific formula of the generated Q paths of intermediate frequency signals is as follows:
Asin(ax)*Bcos(ax+y)*L
＝0.5*A*B*[sin(ax+ax+y)+sin(ax-ax-y)]*L
＝0.5*A*B*[sin(2ax+y)+sin(-y)]*L
after the frequency components are filtered by the filter, the Q paths of direct current voltage signals are obtained:
VdcQ＝-0.5*A*B*L*sin(y)
further, as long as the phase shift of VrefI and VI is not more than 360 degrees, the exact values of VrefI, vrefQ, VI and VQ can be obtained by fitting and iterative table look-up, and the phase shifts are uniformly distributed on two sine wave curves with 90 ° phase difference, the waveform diagram is shown in fig. 2, wherein the abscissa is voltage U (unit: V), and the ordinate is phase
(unit: °) the above VdcQ and VdcI are obtained from the relationship between VrefI, vrefQ, VI and VQ, and y is obtained.
Further, let f be the working frequency of the antenna group, c be the speed of light, and in a phase shift of one period, d=y/(2×pi)/f×c×2, i.e. the distance between the antenna group and the measured object is calculated.
Wherein A, B is a function coefficient;
ax is the frequency;
y is the phase shift amount;
l is a mixing attenuation coefficient;
pi is the circumference ratio;
VI is an I-path voltage signal after the measured object moves;
VQ is Q-path voltage signal after the object to be measured moves;
VdcQ is a Q path direct current voltage signal;
VdcI is the I-path dc voltage signal.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the two intermediate frequency signals are filtered.
Specifically, the two paths of intermediate frequency signals are subjected to filtering processing through a filter.
In a preferred embodiment, the mixing method is a zero intermediate frequency quadrature mixing method.
Specifically, the second radio frequency signal is subjected to zero intermediate frequency quadrature mixing operation so as to obtain two intersecting intermediate frequency signals.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the two intermediate frequency signals are an I intermediate frequency signal and a Q intermediate frequency signal, respectively.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S4, the I-path intermediate frequency signal and the Q-path intermediate frequency signal are used to collect an I-path dc voltage signal and a Q-path dc voltage signal, respectively.
In a preferred embodiment, the first radio frequency signal generates a 24GHz millimeter wave signal.
Specifically, the electromagnetic wave generated by the first radio frequency signal emitted by the antenna group is 24-24.25 GHz millimeter wave, preferably 24.125GHz millimeter wave.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the distance measuring method for 24GHz millimeter waves can measure the target distance of a shorter distance (less than 60 cm), can achieve the distance measuring precision of + -1mm, does not need a complex processing process, correspondingly reduces the requirements of software and hardware, reduces the cost and is suitable for popularization.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that equivalent substitutions and obvious variations may be made using the description and illustrations of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A ranging method for 24GHz millimeter waves, the ranging method comprising the steps of:
step S1, transmitting a first radio frequency signal through an antenna group;
s2, receiving a second radio frequency signal formed by reflecting the first radio frequency signal through the antenna group;
s3, forming two paths of intermediate frequency signals by the first radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal through a frequency mixing method;
s4, collecting two paths of voltage signals through the two paths of intermediate frequency signals;
s5, analyzing the two paths of voltage signals to obtain the distance information between the antenna group and a measured object;
in the step S3, the two intermediate frequency signals are an I intermediate frequency signal and a Q intermediate frequency signal respectively;
the antenna group needs to perform environmental calibration at the beginning of measurement, and the distance of the measured object is fixed to obtain reference voltage signals VrefI and VrefQ of an I path direct current voltage signal and a Q path direct current voltage signal when the measured object is not present, wherein VrefI is an I-path reference voltage signal and VrefQ is a Q-path reference voltage signal, and the reference voltage signals VrefI and VrefQ are taken as subsequent calculation calibration bases;
the method for obtaining the distance information between the antenna group and the measured object comprises the following steps:
if the moving distance of the measured object is D, D is the measured distance, the I path voltage signal acquired after the measured object moves is VI, and the Q path voltage signal is VQ;
the first radio frequency signal is expressed as ftx=asin (ax), and the second radio frequency signal reflected by the measured object is expressed as frx=bsin (ax+y);
mixing the first radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal to generate an I path intermediate frequency signal and a Q path intermediate frequency signal, wherein the specific formula of the I path intermediate frequency signal is as follows:
Asin(ax)*Bsin(ax+y)*L；
＝-0.5*A*B*[sin(ax+ax+y)-cos(ax-ax-y)]*L；
＝-0.5*A*B*[sin(2ax+y)-cos(-y)]*L；
filtering the frequency components by a filter to obtain an I path direct current voltage signal:
VdcI＝0.5*A*B*L*cos(y)；
the specific formula of the generated Q paths of intermediate frequency signals is as follows:
Asin(ax)*Bcos(ax+y)*L；
＝0.5*A*B*[sin(ax+ax+y)+sin(ax-ax-y)]*L；
＝0.5*A*B*[sin(2ax+y)+sin(-y)]*L；
filtering the frequency components by a filter to obtain Q paths of direct current voltage signals:
VdcQ＝-0.5*A*B*L*sin(y)；
when the phase shift of Vrefi and VI is not more than 360 degrees, the exact values of VrefI, vrefQ, VI and VQ are obtained by means of curve fitting and iterative table lookup, and are distributed on two sine wave curves with the phase difference of 90 degrees, so that VdcQ and VdcI are obtained through the relation between VrefI, vrefQ, VI and VQ, and y is further obtained;
let f be the working frequency of the antenna group, c be the speed of light, d=y/(2×pi)/f×c×2 in the phase shift of one period, i.e. calculate the distance between the antenna group and the measured object;
wherein:
a is used to represent the amplitude of the first radio frequency signal;
b is used to represent the amplitude of the second radio frequency signal;
ax is the frequency;
y is the phase shift amount;
l is a mixing attenuation coefficient;
pi is the circumference ratio;
VI is an I-path voltage signal after the measured object moves;
VQ is Q-path voltage signal after the object to be measured moves;
VdcQ is a Q path direct current voltage signal;
VdcI is the I-path dc voltage signal.
2. The ranging method for 24GHz millimeter waves according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the two intermediate frequency signals are filtered.
3. The ranging method for 24GHz millimeter waves according to claim 1, wherein the mixing method is a zero intermediate frequency quadrature mixing method.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the I-path intermediate frequency signal and the Q-path intermediate frequency signal are used to collect an I-path direct current voltage signal and a Q-path direct current voltage signal, respectively.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step S5, the frequencies and phases of the I-path dc voltage signal and the Q-path dc voltage signal are analyzed to calculate the distance information between the antenna group and the measured object.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first radio frequency signal generates the 24GHz millimeter wave signal.
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Address after: No. 0459, Unit 209, No. 62 Chengyi North Street, Software Park Phase III, Torch High tech Zone, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, 361000 Patentee after: Sijie Microelectronics (Xiamen) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 201800 room j461, building 6, 1288 Yecheng Road, Jiading District, Shanghai Patentee before: SHANGHAI SILICON MICROELECTRONICS Co.,Ltd. |