CN110424990B - Tunneling, pouring and supporting construction equipment and method - Google Patents
Tunneling, pouring and supporting construction equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110424990B CN110424990B CN201910618999.9A CN201910618999A CN110424990B CN 110424990 B CN110424990 B CN 110424990B CN 201910618999 A CN201910618999 A CN 201910618999A CN 110424990 B CN110424990 B CN 110424990B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/005—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material characterised by the material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/14—Telescopic props
- E21D15/44—Hydraulic, pneumatic, or hydraulic-pneumatic props
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/50—Component parts or details of props
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses tunneling, pouring and supporting construction equipment and method, and relates to the technical field of underground engineering construction. The apparatus comprises: the rock-soil cutting assembly is positioned in front of the machine base and used for cutting rock-soil, the auxiliary supporting assembly comprises a hydraulic power system, and a first mechanical arm, a second mechanical arm and a third mechanical arm which are respectively connected with the hydraulic power system, the first mechanical arm, the second mechanical arm and the third mechanical arm are respectively provided with a telescopic cylinder section, the first mechanical arm and the second mechanical arm are respectively arranged on two sides of the machine base, and the third mechanical arm is arranged at the top of the rock-soil cutting assembly or the top of the machine base; the concrete pouring component comprises a stirrer and a delivery pump connected with a discharge port of the stirrer, and the stirrer is arranged on an extending platform at the rear end of the stand. The invention is suitable for the tunneling and supporting of underground spaces such as roadways, tunnels and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering construction, in particular to a tunneling, pouring and supporting construction device and a tunneling, pouring and supporting construction method.
Background
In the underground space excavation construction process, for example, the construction of mine roadways, subway tunnels and the like. The excavation is usually performed by using an excavating machine, and each section of excavation is performed, the excavated underground space is supported, so that the roof of the underground space is prevented from falling off or the periphery of the underground space collapses.
At present, the technical problems of underground engineering excavation construction mainly include the following two points: (1) when in supporting, the heading machine needs to be firstly withdrawn, a space required by supporting construction is reserved, equipment required by supporting construction is conveyed to a supporting construction position for supporting operation, the switching time between the supporting operation and the heading operation is long, and the construction efficiency is influenced. (2) There is no tunneling and flexible support integrated device which is suitable for flexible support and can almost realize parallel operation among multiple kinds of operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a tunneling, pouring and supporting construction device and method, which can solve the above technical problems in the prior art, so as to improve the construction efficiency.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tunneling, pouring and supporting construction device, including: the rock-soil cutting assembly is positioned in front of the base and used for cutting rock-soil, the auxiliary supporting assembly comprises a hydraulic power system, and a first mechanical arm, a second mechanical arm and a third mechanical arm which are respectively connected with the hydraulic power system, the first mechanical arm, the second mechanical arm and the third mechanical arm are respectively provided with a telescopic cylinder section, the first mechanical arm and the second mechanical arm are respectively arranged on two sides of the base, and the third mechanical arm is arranged at the top of the rock-soil cutting assembly or the top of the base;
the concrete pouring component comprises a stirrer and a delivery pump connected with a discharge port of the stirrer, and the stirrer is arranged on an extending platform at the rear end of the stand.
Optionally, the end of the first mechanical arm or the second mechanical arm is connected with a steel pipe, a radial through hole is formed in the wall of the steel pipe, and a conveying pipeline of the conveying pump is connected to the radial through hole.
Optionally, the end of the third mechanical arm is provided with a flexible bracket mounting guide positioning part.
Optionally, the flexible support mounting guide positioning part is a U-shaped groove.
Optionally, the ground cutting assembly comprises a hydraulic telescopic big arm, the free end of the hydraulic telescopic big arm is connected with a rock breaking structure, the hydraulic telescopic big arm is arranged on the base in a sliding mode, a lifting first connecting rod and a lifting second connecting rod are hinged to the telescopic big arm, the free end of the lifting first connecting rod is hinged to the free end of the lifting second connecting rod, the lifting first connecting rod is provided with a hydraulic oil cylinder, and the hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with a hydraulic power system.
Optionally, the rock breaking structure comprises a gun head rotatably connected to the free end of the large telescopic arm, a cutter disc is arranged on the gun head, and a plurality of cutting blades are arranged on the cutter disc.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a tunneling, pouring and supporting construction method, which comprises the following steps:
the tunneling, pouring and supporting construction equipment is parked in front of a working face to be tunneled, and the rock-soil cutting assembly faces the working face to be tunneled;
starting the rock-soil cutting assembly to work, extending the rock-soil cutting assembly to a tunneling working surface from an initial contraction state under the driving of a hydraulic power system, and cutting the rock-soil of the tunneling working surface according to a preset rotating track by the rock-soil cutting assembly under the driving of a rotary driving motor;
after a groove with a preset contour and a preset depth is cut on a tunneling working surface, the rotary driving motor is closed, and the rock-soil cutting assembly is contracted to a position close to the front end of the machine base under the driving of the hydraulic power system;
placing a pre-prepared hose with a preset length on a third mechanical arm at the top of the rock-soil cutting assembly; the two ends of the hose are connected with grouting port devices, an exhaust hole which can be opened and closed is formed in the middle of the hose, a tensile flexible wire penetrates through a cavity in the hose, and the end of the tensile flexible wire is fixed on the grouting port devices;
under the drive of a hydraulic power system, the auxiliary supporting assembly is pushed to the cut groove, the hose is jacked into the groove by using a third mechanical arm, and a guide positioning part of the third mechanical arm is in contact with the inner contour wall of the groove; driving a first mechanical arm and a second mechanical arm which are positioned at two sides of the base, adjusting the height of the mechanical arms, fixing two ends of the hose at the bottom corner of the groove, namely the bottom corner of the roadway or the tunnel, and assisting the hose to be preliminarily molded into a flexible support in the groove;
meanwhile, the free end of the delivery pump is connected to the grouting port devices at the two ends of the hose, the mixer is started to prepare concrete slurry, and the concrete slurry is poured into the hose through the delivery pump via the discharge port;
along with the increase of the injection amount of grouting liquid, when the hose is filled with grouting liquid, the exhaust hole on the hose is automatically closed, the hose is continuously filled, the hose expands under the action of the grouting liquid pressure, and pressure is actively applied to surrounding rocks;
meanwhile, in the grouting process, the first mechanical arm and the second mechanical arm are always in contact with the hose along with the expansion of the hose;
stopping grouting after the internal pressure of the hose reaches a preset pressure, completing self-adaptive forming and active supporting of the flexible support, and forming flexible supporting for surrounding rocks around the groove;
the first mechanical arm, the second mechanical arm and the third mechanical arm are contracted to initial positions;
repeating the steps until the tunneling construction of the underground space with the preset length is completed,
optionally, a first conveying pipeline and a second conveying pipeline are connected to an outlet of the conveying pump, and end portions of the first mechanical arm and the second mechanical arm are connected with a grouting end of a flexible support, so that conveying pipeline fixing devices are arranged on side surfaces of the first mechanical arm and the second mechanical arm, the first conveying pipeline is arranged along the first mechanical arm, the first conveying pipeline is fixed on the first mechanical arm through the conveying pipeline fixing devices, the second conveying pipeline is arranged along the second mechanical arm, the second conveying pipeline is fixed on the second mechanical arm through the conveying pipeline fixing devices, the flexible pipeline is poured, a steel pipe can be butted with a grouting port of the grouting end, the flexible support is poured, a radial through hole is formed in the wall of the steel pipe, and the conveying pipeline of the conveying pump is connected with the radial through hole;
connect the free end of delivery pump on the slip casting mouth device at hose both ends first arm and second arm press to buckle fixedly on two slip casting ends of hose to recess lateral wall base angle to supplementary flexible support preliminary shaping includes in the recess: when the two ends of the hose are fixed at the bottom corner of the groove by the first mechanical arm and the second mechanical arm, the steel pipe flexible grouting pipeline fixed at the end part of the first conveying pipeline on the first mechanical arm is communicated with the grouting port device at one grouting end at one end of the hose, and the second conveying pipeline fixed on the second mechanical arm is communicated with the grouting port device at the other end of the hose;
start the mixer and prepare the concrete thick liquid, the concrete thick liquid is via the discharge gate, fills to the hose including through the delivery pump: and starting the stirrer to prepare concrete slurry, wherein the concrete slurry enters the steel pipe at the end part of the first mechanical arm through the radial through hole by virtue of the discharge hole and the delivery pump, and enters the hose by virtue of the grouting port device through the flexible grouting pipeline of the first delivery pipeline and the flexible grouting pipeline of the second delivery pipeline.
Optionally, the end of the first mechanical arm is connected with a steel pipe, a radial through hole is formed in the wall of the steel pipe, and a conveying pipeline of the conveying pump is connected to the radial through hole;
connect the free end of delivery pump on the slip casting mouth device at hose both ends first arm and second arm press to buckle fixedly on two slip casting ends of hose to recess lateral wall base angle to supplementary flexible support preliminary shaping includes in the recess: communicating a steel pipe at the end part of the first mechanical arm with a grouting opening device at one end of a hose;
start the mixer and prepare the concrete thick liquid, the concrete thick liquid is via the discharge gate, fills to the hose including through the delivery pump: and starting the mixer to prepare concrete slurry, wherein the concrete slurry enters the steel pipe at the end part of the first mechanical arm through the radial through hole by virtue of the discharge port and the delivery pump, and enters the hose by virtue of the grouting port device.
Optionally, the switching interval between the cutting and forming of the groove and the cooperative supporting starting of the first mechanical arm, the second mechanical arm and the third mechanical arm is 3-15 min.
Optionally, the active supporting force of the flexible support formed in the underground space with the preset length is more than or equal to 0.5 t/m.
The tunneling, pouring and supporting construction equipment and the method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise the following steps: the rock-soil cutting assembly is positioned in front of the base and used for cutting rock-soil, the auxiliary supporting assembly comprises a hydraulic power system, and a first mechanical arm, a second mechanical arm and a third mechanical arm which are respectively connected with the hydraulic power system, the first mechanical arm, the second mechanical arm and the third mechanical arm are respectively provided with a telescopic cylinder section, the first mechanical arm and the second mechanical arm are respectively arranged on two sides of the base, and the third mechanical arm is arranged at the top of the rock-soil cutting assembly; the concrete pouring component comprises a stirrer and a delivery pump connected with a discharge port of the stirrer, and the stirrer is arranged on an extending platform at the rear end of the stand. The rock-soil cutting assembly, the auxiliary supporting assembly and the concrete pouring assembly are reasonably arranged and integrated on the base, and can be constructed successively or almost in multiple modes, and after the rock-soil cutting assembly cuts the groove in the working surface, the auxiliary supporting assembly can be adopted to carry out supporting construction on the excavated groove almost at the same time; in addition, the groove is subjected to flexible supporting operation, and the concrete pouring assembly is arranged on the extending platform at the rear end of the base, so that the auxiliary supporting assembly can be used for performing primary molding in the groove by using a hose, and then the concrete pouring assembly is directly used for grouting into the hose to form a flexible supporting structure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a front view of a tunneling, pouring and supporting construction device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a tunneling, pouring and supporting construction device according to another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial view at the stand of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a tunneling process of the tunneling, pouring and supporting construction equipment in FIG. 1 in an underground space;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an auxiliary supporting process of the excavation and perfusion supporting construction equipment in the underground space in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a process of grouting the tunneling, pouring and supporting construction equipment in the underground space to form a flexible support in FIG. 1;
fig. 7A is a top view of a tunneling process of the tunneling, pouring and supporting construction equipment in the underground space according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7B is a top view of a supporting process of the driving and grouting support construction equipment in the underground space according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8A is a front view of the excavation and perfusion support construction equipment in FIG. 5 in the process of supporting in the underground space;
FIG. 8B is a front view of the excavation and grouting supporting construction equipment in FIG. 6 in the supporting process in the underground space;
FIG. 8C is a front view of the tunneling, pouring and supporting construction equipment in FIG. 7 completed in the underground space;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a grouting opening device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the self-sealing structure in the grouting device in an open state;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the self-sealing structure in the grouting device in a closed state;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a pressure relief device according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a grouting port device according to the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the flexible support formed by the hose in the excavation roadway.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be apparent that numerous technical details are set forth in the following specific examples in order to provide a more thorough description of the present invention, and it should be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these details. In addition, some methods, means, components and applications thereof known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the gist of the present invention, but the implementation of the present invention is not affected thereby. The embodiments described herein are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 to 8C, the excavation, perfusion and support construction equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for excavation and support of an underground space, where the underground space includes a tunnel, a roadway, and the like, and the equipment includes: the rock-soil cutting assembly comprises a machine base 100, a rock-soil cutting assembly 200, an auxiliary supporting assembly 300 and a concrete pouring assembly 400.
The bottom of the machine base 100 is provided with a traveling mechanism 500, a hydraulic driving system (in the prior art, not shown in the figure) is arranged in the machine base 100, the rock-soil cutting assembly 200 is positioned in front of the machine base 100 and used for cutting rock-soil, and the auxiliary supporting assembly 300 comprises a hydraulic power system and a first mechanical arm 310, a second mechanical arm 320 and a third mechanical arm 330 which are respectively connected with the hydraulic power system and used for independently or cooperatively completing the forming of the flexible support on the tunneling surface; the first mechanical arm 310, the second mechanical arm 320 and the third mechanical arm 330 are respectively provided with telescopic cylinder sections, and specifically, the telescopic cylinder sections can be of a hydraulic oil cylinder or a slide rail structure to realize extension and contraction of the first mechanical arm 310, the second mechanical arm 320 and the third mechanical arm 330; the first robot 310 and the second robot 320 are respectively disposed at two sides of the stand 100, and referring to fig. 1 and 3, in one embodiment, the third robot 330 is disposed at the top of the stand 100; therefore, when the rock-soil cutting assembly 200 cuts rock-soil and tunnels forwards, the first mechanical arm 310, the second mechanical arm 320 and the third mechanical arm 330 on the base 100 at the rear end of the rock-soil cutting assembly 200 are not influenced to assist in completing the forming of the flexible support, so that the tunneling and supporting are realized, and the tunneling construction efficiency of an underground space is improved. Referring to fig. 2, in another embodiment, the third robot arm 330 is disposed at the top of the earth cutting assembly 200; with such an arrangement, when the first mechanical arm 310, the second mechanical arm 320 and the third mechanical arm 330 are used for flexible support forming construction, the rock-soil cutting assembly 200 needs to stop cutting rock soil first to complete support of the tunneling surface, and compared with the previous embodiment, the tunneling construction efficiency of the underground space is reduced. Specifically, when the surrounding rock is weak, the technical scheme of tunneling and supporting is preferably selected; when the surrounding rock is hard, roof fall and side wall collapse are not easy to occur on the relatively weak surrounding rock, and the latter technical scheme of tunneling firstly and then supporting can be selected.
The flexible bracket comprises a hose 600 and a grouting port device; the grouting opening device is connected with two ends of the hose; a tensile flexible wire penetrates through the cavity in the hose, and the end of the tensile flexible wire is fixed on the grouting opening device; the hose can be a hose with a metal wire distributed on the side wall.
The flexible support primary forming construction process comprises the following steps: the middle of the hose 600 is placed on the third mechanical arm 330, the two ends of the hose 600 are respectively clamped at the end parts of the first mechanical arm 310 and the second mechanical arm 320, the hose 600 is bent into an arc shape, and the first mechanical arm 310, the second mechanical arm 320 and the third mechanical arm 330 are driven by a hydraulic power system to push the hose 600 onto the groove wall to be fixed so as to complete the primary forming of the flexible support.
The concrete pouring component 400 comprises a stirrer 410 and a delivery pump 420 connected with a discharge hole of the stirrer 410, wherein the stirrer 410 is arranged on the extension platform 110 at the rear end of the base 100, and can directly perform grouting into the flexible support without additionally transporting the stirrer 410 to a construction site after the flexible support is initially formed, so that flexible supporting construction can be efficiently completed. After the slurry in hose 600 is cured, the flexible support becomes a rigid support.
Tensile flexible wires penetrate through a cavity in the hose 600 and serve as built-in ribs after the slurry is solidified, so that the radial inward bending moment and the tangential bearing capacity of the flexible support can be improved; the concrete slurry can adopt C40 pumpable micro-expansive concrete; the diameter of the hose 600 is 200mm, and steel wires are distributed in the inner wall of the hose; the tensile flexible wire is one or more steel stranded wires with the diameter of 22 mm.
According to the tunneling, pouring and supporting construction equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, the rock-soil cutting assembly 200, the auxiliary supporting assembly 300 and the concrete pouring assembly 400 are reasonably distributed and integrated on the base 100, and can be constructed successively or almost in multiple ways, and after the rock-soil cutting assembly 200 cuts a groove on a working surface, the auxiliary supporting assembly 300 can be adopted to carry out supporting construction on the excavated groove almost at the same time; in addition, in the embodiment of the invention, the groove is subjected to flexible supporting operation, and the concrete pouring component 400 is arranged on the extension platform 110 at the rear end of the machine base 100, so that after the auxiliary supporting component 300 is used for performing primary molding in the groove by using the hose 600, the concrete pouring component 400 is directly used for grouting into the hose 600 to form a flexible supporting structure.
Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment of the present invention, a first delivery pipe 421 and a second delivery pipe 422 are connected to an outlet of the delivery pump 420, a delivery pipe fixing device (not shown) is provided on a side surface of the first robot arm 310 and the second robot arm 320, the first delivery pipe 421 is disposed along the first robot arm 310, the first delivery pipe is fixed on the first robot arm by the delivery pipe fixing device, the second delivery pipe 422 is disposed along the second robot arm 320, and the second delivery pipe is fixed on the second robot arm 320 by the delivery pipe fixing device;
after the hose is the primary forming in the recess, include on the slip casting mouth device with the free end of delivery pump connection hose both ends: when the two ends of the hose are fixed at the bottom corner of the groove by the first mechanical arm and the second mechanical arm, the first conveying pipeline fixed on the first mechanical arm is communicated with the grouting opening device at one end of the hose, and the second conveying pipeline fixed on the second mechanical arm is communicated with the grouting opening device at the other end of the hose.
And then, starting the mixer to prepare concrete slurry, wherein the concrete slurry enters the hose through the first conveying pipeline and the second conveying pipeline by the grouting port device through the discharge port and the conveying pump. Like this, through being fixed in first pipeline and second pipeline respectively on first arm or the second arm, firstly when first pipeline and second pipeline are flexible line, be convenient for be connected with the slip casting mouth device of hose, secondly can guarantee the efficiency of the in-process that pours into the milk.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a steel pipe (not shown) is connected to an end of the first mechanical arm 310 or the second mechanical arm 320, and a radial through hole (not shown) is formed in a wall of the steel pipe, and the delivery pipe of the delivery pump 420 is connected to the radial through hole.
It can be understood that, because the construction equipment is still in the excavated channel, the space between the side wall of the supporting position of the flexible support and the excavation equipment is narrow or limited, and then the conveying pipeline of the conveying pump 420 is manually connected to the grouting opening device of the hose 600, the operation is inconvenient, and the construction efficiency is affected; in this embodiment, a steel pipe is connected to the end of the first mechanical arm 310 or the second mechanical arm 320, a radial through hole is formed in the wall of the steel pipe, before the hose 600 is pushed into the groove by the first mechanical arm 310, the second mechanical arm 320 and the third mechanical arm 330, the steel pipe at the end of the first mechanical arm 310 or the second mechanical arm 320 is connected to the grouting port device, after the hose 600 is pushed into the groove to complete the primary forming of the flexible support, the mixer 410 can be directly started, concrete grout is sequentially delivered through the delivery pump 420, delivered through the delivery pipeline, the radial through hole and the steel pipe, and then injected into the hose 600 through the grouting port device, so that the final forming of the flexible support is completed, and the surrounding rock is flexibly supported. The scheme for forming the flexible support is simple and convenient in construction operation, is not limited by the space in a tunneling channel, and can improve the tunneling support efficiency.
In one embodiment, the end of the third mechanical arm 330 is provided with a flexible bracket mounting guide positioning portion 331. Wherein the flexible support refers to a structure which is formed in advance for the hose in the groove. Like this, put into the recess with hose 600 preset position and accomplish the preliminary shaping process of flexible support or after, the flexible support installation direction location portion 331 of third arm 330 tip promotes down to enclosing the cliff at the external force, blocks on hose 600 side to restriction hose 600 is at slip casting in-process lateral shifting, thereby guarantee flexible support final shaping back not skew design position, in order to guarantee to strut the effect.
Specifically, the flexible bracket mounting guide positioning portion 331 is a "U" shaped groove. Before the hoses 600 are pushed into the preset positions of the grooves by the mechanical arms, the hoses 600 are placed in the U-shaped grooves, so that the hoses 600 can be placed conveniently.
The flexible support formed in the tunneling construction of the invention comprises: hose 600 and a grout port fitting; wherein, the grouting port device is connected with the end of the hose 600 in a sealing way; an exhaust device is arranged on the hose 600; a tensile cord is inserted into the cavity in the hose 600, and the ends of the tensile cord are fixed to the grouting opening device or the two ends of the tensile cord are connected together.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the rock-soil cutting assembly 200 includes a hydraulic telescopic boom, a rock breaking structure 210 is connected to a free end of the hydraulic telescopic boom, the hydraulic telescopic boom is slidably disposed on the machine base 100 through a linear hydraulic cylinder 220, a lifting first link and a lifting second link are hinged to the telescopic boom, a free end of the lifting first link is hinged to a free end of the lifting second link, the lifting first link has a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a hydraulic power system. The first connecting rod and the second connecting rod can also play a role in supporting the hydraulic telescopic boom.
Referring to fig. 1, 6, 7 and 8A, the rock breaking structure 210 includes a cannon head 230 rotatably connected to a free end of a telescopic boom, a cutter disc is disposed on the cannon head 230, and a plurality of cutting blades 240 are disposed on the cutter disc. The cutting tool is used for cutting rock soil and forming a section outline of an underground space.
The embodiment of the invention combines the rock-soil cutting assembly 200 for tunneling with the flexible support construction process, creatively provides the tunneling, pouring and support construction equipment, can realize multi-species parallel operation, realizes the application of the flexible support in the tunneling process, and can greatly improve the tunneling and support construction efficiency.
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a grouting opening device according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 9, in the present embodiment, the grouting port device includes a connection end 21 and a grouting end 22 provided on the connection end; the connecting end 21 includes a first connecting end 211 and a second connecting end 212, the first connecting end 211 is connected to the first end of the hose 6001 in a sealing manner, and the second connecting end 212 is connected to the second end of the hose 6001 in a sealing manner; a member 213 for fixing the end of the tensile cord 4 is provided in the first connection end 211 and/or the second connection end 212. The member 213 for fixing the end of the tensile cord 4 may be a column or a hook, and may be one or two or more.
The surface of the first connection end 211 and/or the second connection end 212 has a groove, and the groove may be rectangular, triangular or arc, so as to be tightly fixed to the end of the hose 600, thereby preventing slurry leakage.
The connecting end 21 and the grouting end 22 of the grouting opening device 2 can be straight pipes or bent pipes, and the cross section of the grouting opening device can be rectangular, square, triangular, arc-shaped and the like. The cavity in the grouting end 22 can be a parallel pipeline, and can also be a conical, circular, trapezoidal, stepped or irregular shape with a sealing function.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the self-sealing structure in the grouting device in an open state; FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the self-sealing structure in the grouting device in a closed state.
Referring to fig. 10 and 11, in the present embodiment, a self-sealing structure is disposed in the grouting opening device; wherein the self-closing structure comprises a traction part 23, a connecting part 24 and a closing part 25; the traction component 23 is positioned in the grouting end head 22, the closing component 25 is positioned in the connecting end head 21 and can close the passage between the interior of the grouting end head 22 and the interior of the connecting end head 21, and the connecting component 24 is connected with the traction component 23 and the closing component 25; during grouting, the grout pushes the traction component to move towards the inside of a grouting end under the action of pressure, and the traction component pushes the sealing component through the connecting component to change a passage between the inside of the grouting end and the inside of the connecting end from a closed state to a communicated state; after grouting, the sealing part resets under the action of the traction part and the connecting part, and a passage between the inside of the grouting end and the inside of the connecting end is sealed again. The closing component can be pulled to reset through the connecting component by applying force to the traction component manually, and can also be automatically reset under the action of the reset spring force.
In particular, the stop 26 prevents the traction means 23 from entering the cavity inside the connection head 21. The stop 26 may be located within the grouting head 22 adjacent to the cavity within the connecting head 21.
The traction part is a circular ring or a plate with a hole; the connecting part is a connecting rod; the closing part is a round steel plate.
Preferably, a spring is sleeved on the connecting rod, one end of the spring can abut against the traction part, and the other end of the spring can abut against the stopper.
During grouting, grouting pressure acts on the sealing part to open the sealing part for grouting, after grouting is finished, the grouting pressure acting on the sealing part disappears, and the sealing part can automatically reset by means of the pressure of the injected grout in the spring and the hose 600; the stop head can prevent the traction component from entering a cavity inside the connecting end head; the stop head is positioned in the grouting end head and close to the cavity inside the connecting end head.
Of course, the spring may not be installed, and after the completion of the grouting, the grouting pressure acting on the closing member may be removed, and the closing member may be automatically restored by only the pressure of the grout injected into the hose 600.
Optionally, in another embodiment of the grouting opening device, a check valve is arranged in the grouting opening device, the check valve is opened during grouting, and the check valve is closed to prevent slurry leakage after the grouting end condition is reached.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a pressure relief device in an embodiment of a flexible mount of the present invention; FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a grouting opening device according to the present invention. Referring to fig. 12 and 13, a pressure relief device 5 is provided on the injection port device.
The pressure relief device 5 comprises a fixing part 51, a connecting part 52, a closing part 53, a stopper 54 and a cylinder 55. When the pressure in the cavity of the hose 6001 exceeds the designed pressure, under the action of mechanical traction or manual traction, the connecting member 52 drives the closing member 53 to leave the stopper 54, the slurry is discharged out of the flexible hose 6001, and after the pressure in the cavity of the hose 6001 is reduced to the designed value, the connecting member 52 pulls the closing member 53 to the stopper 54 to close the hose 6001, so that the slurry is prevented from leaking, and the pressure in the cavity of the hose 600 or the flexible bracket is kept unchanged. The connecting member 52 may be a spring.
The pressure relief device 5 may also be a conventional pressure relief valve.
In the embodiment of the present invention, both the grouting end 22 and the pressure relief device 5 can be fixed on the connection end 21 of the grouting opening device at one time, or can be designed as a detachable device, and when the grout in the hose 600 is hardened, the grouting end 22 and the pressure relief device 5 are detached from the connection end 21 for recycling.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1 to 13, the tunneling, pouring and supporting construction method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
s11, stopping the tunneling, pouring and supporting construction equipment in front of the working surface to be tunneled, and enabling the rock-soil cutting assembly 200 to face the working surface to be tunneled;
s12, starting the rock-soil cutting assembly 200 to work, extending the rock-soil cutting assembly 200 to a tunneling working surface from an initial contraction state under the drive of a hydraulic power system, and cutting the rock-soil of the tunneling working surface according to a preset rotating track by the rock-soil cutting assembly 200 under the drive of a rotary driving motor;
after a groove with a preset contour and a preset depth is cut on the tunneling working surface, the rotary driving motor is closed, and the rock-soil cutting assembly 200 is contracted to a position close to the front end of the machine base 100 under the driving of the hydraulic power system;
placing a pre-prepared hose with a preset length on a third mechanical arm at the top of the rock-soil cutting assembly; referring to fig. 13, two ends of the hose are connected with a grouting opening device 2, an exhaust hole 3 which can be opened and closed is arranged in the middle of the hose, a tensile flexible wire 4 penetrates through a cavity in the hose, and the end of the tensile flexible wire 4 is fixed on the grouting opening device 2;
in this embodiment, the metal hose 600 may be cut into a hose 600 with a predetermined length according to the arc length of the section of the driving groove, and transported to a construction site.
Under the drive of a hydraulic power system, the auxiliary supporting assembly is pushed to the cut groove, the hose is jacked into the groove by using a third mechanical arm, and a guide positioning part of the third mechanical arm is in contact with the inner contour wall of the groove;
driving a first mechanical arm and a second mechanical arm which are positioned at two sides of the base, adjusting the height of the mechanical arms, fixing two ends of the hose at the bottom corner of the groove, namely the bottom corner of the roadway or the tunnel, and assisting the hose to be preliminarily molded into a flexible support in the groove;
the third mechanical arm 330 plays a role in supporting and positioning, and prevents the hose 600 from moving laterally during the erecting process.
The first mechanical arm 310 and the second mechanical arm 320 play a role in supporting and positioning, and essentially support the hose 600 to push the hose into the groove, thereby completing the primary forming of the flexible stent.
Meanwhile, the free end of the delivery pump 420 is connected to the grouting port devices at the two ends of the hose 600, the mixer 410 is started to prepare concrete slurry, and the concrete slurry is poured into the hose 600 through the delivery pump 420 via the discharge port;
as the injection amount of the grouting liquid increases, the hose 600 expands under the action of the hydraulic pressure of the grouting liquid to actively apply pressure to the surrounding rock; or, as the injection amount of the grouting liquid is increased, when the hose is filled with the grouting liquid, the exhaust hole on the hose is automatically closed, the grouting is continued, and the hose is expanded under the action of the grouting liquid pressure to actively apply pressure to the surrounding rock;
meanwhile, in the grouting process, the first mechanical arm and the second mechanical arm are always in contact with the hose along with the expansion of the hose;
when the internal pressure of the hose 600 reaches a preset pressure, the grouting opening device is automatically closed, and grouting is stopped;
after the slurry in the hose 600 is solidified, completing the self-adaptive forming and active supporting of the flexible support, forming the flexible supporting for the surrounding rock around the groove, and retracting the first mechanical arm 310, the second mechanical arm 320 and the third mechanical arm 330 to the initial positions;
in this embodiment, when the pressure inside the hose 600 reaches the predetermined design pressure, grouting is stopped, the grouting port is closed, the pressure inside the cavity of the hose 600 is kept unchanged, the forming effect of the hose 600 is ensured, pressure is always generated on surrounding rocks, and the surrounding rocks are actively supported.
And repeating the steps until the tunneling construction of the underground space with the preset length is completed.
The tunneling, pouring and supporting construction method provided by the embodiment of the invention has basically similar technical effects to those of the previous embodiments, and can be referred to each other, and details are not repeated herein.
In addition, the construction method of the embodiment has the advantages that the tunneling and supporting processes are simple and quick, parallel operation can be almost realized through various work types of operation, and the construction efficiency is effectively improved.
In the embodiment, the cross section of the underground space is an arc-shaped cross section or most of the cross section is an arc-shaped cross section, so that the stability of surrounding rocks and the forming construction of the flexible support are facilitated.
In order to increase the rigidity and strength of the active support of the flexible stent, in one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of flexible struts formed in the tunneling direction are fixedly connected by a connecting device 700 to form an integral flexible support structure.
In one embodiment of the invention, a first conveying pipeline and a second conveying pipeline are connected to the outlet of the conveying pump, conveying pipeline fixing devices are arranged on the side surfaces of the first mechanical arm and the second mechanical arm, the first conveying pipeline is arranged along the first mechanical arm, the first conveying pipeline is fixed on the first mechanical arm through the conveying pipeline fixing devices, the second conveying pipeline is arranged along the second mechanical arm, and the second conveying pipeline is fixed on the second mechanical arm through the conveying pipeline fixing devices;
connecting the free end of the delivery pump to the grouting port devices at the two ends of the hose comprises: when the two ends of the hose are fixed at the bottom corner of the groove by the first mechanical arm and the second mechanical arm, a first conveying pipeline fixed on the first mechanical arm is communicated with a grouting opening device at one end of the hose, and a second conveying pipeline fixed on the second mechanical arm is communicated with a grouting opening device at the other end of the hose;
start the mixer and prepare the concrete thick liquid, the concrete thick liquid is via the discharge gate, fills to the hose including through the delivery pump: the mixer is started to prepare concrete slurry, and the concrete slurry enters the hose through the first conveying pipeline and the second conveying pipeline by the grouting port device through the discharge port and the conveying pump
In another embodiment of the present invention, a steel pipe is connected to an end of the first mechanical arm 310, a radial through hole is formed in a wall of the steel pipe, and a delivery pipe of the delivery pump 420 is connected to the radial through hole;
the end part of the first mechanical arm is connected with a steel pipe, the wall of the steel pipe is provided with a radial through hole, and a conveying pipeline of the conveying pump is connected with the radial through hole;
connect the free end of delivery pump on the slip casting mouth device at hose both ends first arm and second arm press to buckle fixedly on two slip casting ends of hose to recess lateral wall base angle to supplementary flexible support preliminary shaping includes in the recess: and (4) communicating the steel pipe at the end part of the first mechanical arm with a grouting opening device at one end of the hose.
The start-up mixer prepares the concrete thick liquid, and the concrete thick liquid is via the discharge gate, pours into to the hose including through the delivery pump: and starting the mixer to prepare concrete slurry, wherein the concrete slurry enters the steel pipe at the end part of the first mechanical arm through the radial through hole by virtue of the discharge port and the delivery pump, and enters the hose by virtue of the grouting port device. The scheme for forming the flexible support is simple and convenient in construction operation, is not limited by the space in a tunneling channel, and can improve the tunneling support efficiency.
Specifically, the switching interval between the groove cutting and forming until the first mechanical arm 310, the second mechanical arm 320 and the third mechanical arm 330 cooperate to start supporting is 3-15 min.
Optionally, the active supporting force of the flexible support formed in the underground space with the preset length is more than or equal to 0.5 t/m. The active supporting force is about the supporting mechanism of the flexible support, and the flexible support can be supported by active yielding, and the supporting force of the flexible support is called as the active supporting force.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A tunneling, pouring and supporting construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the tunneling, pouring and supporting construction equipment is parked in front of a working face to be tunneled, and the rock-soil cutting assembly faces the working face to be tunneled; the tunneling, pouring and supporting construction equipment comprises: the rock-soil cutting assembly is positioned in front of the base and used for cutting rock-soil, the auxiliary supporting assembly comprises a hydraulic power system, and a first mechanical arm, a second mechanical arm and a third mechanical arm which are respectively connected with the hydraulic power system, the first mechanical arm, the second mechanical arm and the third mechanical arm are respectively provided with a telescopic cylinder section, the first mechanical arm and the second mechanical arm are respectively arranged on two sides of the base, and the third mechanical arm is arranged at the top of the rock-soil cutting assembly or the top of the base; the concrete pouring component comprises a stirrer and a delivery pump connected with a discharge port of the stirrer, and the stirrer is arranged on an extending platform at the rear end of the stand;
starting the rock-soil cutting assembly to work, extending the rock-soil cutting assembly to a tunneling working surface from an initial contraction state under the driving of a hydraulic power system, and cutting the rock-soil of the tunneling working surface according to a preset rotating track by the rock-soil cutting assembly under the driving of a rotary driving motor;
after a groove with a preset contour and a preset depth is cut on a tunneling working surface, the rotary driving motor is closed, and the rock-soil cutting assembly is contracted to a position close to the front end of the machine base under the driving of the hydraulic power system;
placing a pre-prepared hose with a preset length on a third mechanical arm at the top of the rock-soil cutting assembly; the two ends of the hose are connected with grouting port devices, an exhaust hole which can be opened and closed is formed in the middle of the hose, a tensile flexible wire penetrates through a cavity in the hose, and the end of the tensile flexible wire is fixed on the grouting port devices;
under the drive of a hydraulic power system, the auxiliary supporting assembly is pushed to the cut groove, the hose is jacked into the groove by using a third mechanical arm, and a guide positioning part of the third mechanical arm is in contact with the inner contour wall of the groove; driving a first mechanical arm and a second mechanical arm which are positioned at two sides of the base, adjusting the height of the mechanical arms, fixing two ends of the hose at the bottom corner of the groove, namely the bottom corner of the roadway or the tunnel, and assisting the hose to be preliminarily molded into a flexible support in the groove;
meanwhile, the free end of the delivery pump is connected to the grouting port devices at the two ends of the hose, the mixer is started to prepare concrete slurry, and the concrete slurry is poured into the hose through the delivery pump via the discharge port;
along with the increase of the injection amount of grouting liquid, when the hose is filled with grouting liquid, the exhaust hole on the hose is automatically closed, the hose is continuously filled, the hose expands under the action of the grouting liquid pressure, and pressure is actively applied to surrounding rocks;
meanwhile, in the grouting process, the first mechanical arm and the second mechanical arm are always in contact with the hose along with the expansion of the hose;
stopping grouting after the internal pressure of the hose reaches a preset pressure, completing self-adaptive forming and active supporting of the flexible support, and forming flexible supporting for surrounding rocks around the groove;
the first mechanical arm, the second mechanical arm and the third mechanical arm are contracted to initial positions;
and repeating the steps until the tunneling construction of the underground space with the preset length is completed.
2. The construction method according to claim 1, wherein a first transfer pipe and a second transfer pipe are connected to an outlet of the transfer pump, and the first robot arm and the second robot arm have transfer pipe fixing means on their side surfaces, the first transfer pipe being arranged along the first robot arm, the first transfer pipe being fixed to the first robot arm by the transfer pipe fixing means, the second transfer pipe being arranged along the second robot arm, the second transfer pipe being fixed to the second robot arm by the transfer pipe fixing means;
when the first mechanical arm and the second mechanical arm fix the two ends of the hose at the bottom corner of the groove, a first conveying pipeline fixed on the first mechanical arm is communicated with the grouting port device at one end of the hose, and a second conveying pipeline fixed on the second mechanical arm is communicated with the grouting port device at the other end of the hose;
start the mixer and prepare the concrete thick liquid, the concrete thick liquid is via the discharge gate, fills to the hose including through the delivery pump: the mixer is started to prepare concrete grout, and the concrete grout enters the hose through the first conveying pipeline and the second conveying pipeline by the grouting opening device through the discharge opening and the conveying pump.
3. The construction method according to claim 1, wherein the switching interval between the cutting and forming of the groove and the cooperative start of the supporting of the first mechanical arm, the second mechanical arm and the third mechanical arm is 1-15 min.
4. The construction method according to claim 1, wherein the active supporting force of the flexible stent formed in the underground space of a predetermined length is not less than 0.5 t/m.
5. The construction method according to claim 1, wherein a steel pipe is connected to the end of the first mechanical arm or the second mechanical arm, a radial through hole is formed in the wall of the steel pipe, and a conveying pipeline of the conveying pump is connected to the radial through hole.
6. The construction method according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the third robot arm end is provided with a guide positioning portion.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the guide and positioning portion is a "U" shaped groove.
8. The construction method according to claim 1, wherein the rock-soil cutting assembly comprises a hydraulic telescopic big arm, a rock breaking structure is connected to the free end of the hydraulic telescopic big arm, the hydraulic telescopic big arm is slidably arranged on the machine base, a first lifting connecting rod and a second lifting connecting rod are hinged to the telescopic big arm, the free end of the first lifting connecting rod is hinged to the free end of the second lifting connecting rod, the first lifting connecting rod is provided with a hydraulic oil cylinder, and the hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with a hydraulic power system.
9. The construction method according to claim 8, wherein the rock breaking structure comprises a cannon head rotatably connected to a free end of the telescopic boom, a cutter disc is arranged on the cannon head, and a plurality of cutting blades are arranged on the cutter disc.
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| CN108547636A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-09-18 | 华能西藏雅鲁藏布江水电开发投资有限公司 | Double-shield TBM (Tunnel boring machine) shotcrete and anchor support structure and construction method thereof |
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| JPH10280882A (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 1998-10-20 | Shimizu Corp | Tunnel construction method |
| CN2315150Y (en) * | 1997-10-12 | 1999-04-21 | 贾德华 | Lining device for underground pipelinedigging |
| CN1303988A (en) * | 2000-01-12 | 2001-07-18 | 马世强 | Earth mould cast-in-situ shield |
| CN201246169Y (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2009-05-27 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Tunnel development synchronous lining formwork trolley |
| CN201560771U (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2010-08-25 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) synchronous lining mould plate trolley and bench |
| CN104061008B (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2017-05-17 | 李学彬 | Underground perfusion type flexible support and construction method thereof |
| CN105781596B (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2019-03-29 | 李学彬 | A kind of flexible support and method for protecting support |
| CN106285691B (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-08-03 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | A kind of method for tunnel construction that shield formula multi-arm development machine is combined with New Austrian Tunneling Method |
| CN106437741B (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2019-04-05 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | A kind of New Austrian Tunneling Method rock tunnel(ling) machine |
| CN108104837B (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2019-03-22 | 中铁隧道勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A method of tunnel-liner fast continuous placing is realized using automatic material distributing device |
| CN207829912U (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-09-07 | 洛阳高飞桥隧机械有限公司 | A kind of synchronous auxiliary lining trolley device of tunnel ABM development machines |
| CN207920635U (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-09-28 | 铁建重工新疆有限公司 | Mating synchronization lining trolley and the development machine containing it after a kind of |
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