CN110424976B - Multistage curved surface shield cutter head - Google Patents
Multistage curved surface shield cutter head Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110424976B CN110424976B CN201910695819.7A CN201910695819A CN110424976B CN 110424976 B CN110424976 B CN 110424976B CN 201910695819 A CN201910695819 A CN 201910695819A CN 110424976 B CN110424976 B CN 110424976B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- cutter
- cutter head
- curved surface
- main body
- knife
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Processing Of Meat And Fish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multistage curved surface shield cutter head, which comprises a cutter head main body and a central fish tail cutter, wherein the central fish tail cutter is positioned at the center of the cutter head main body, the cutter head main body and the central fish tail cutter are connected through a plurality of curved surface cutter beams, and the curved surface cutter beams are uniformly distributed in an annular area between the cutter head main body and the central fish tail cutter in an annular shape by taking the central fish tail cutter as the center of a circle; the curved knife beam arches towards the same surface as the cutting surface of the central fish tail knife and the knife disc main body to form a multi-section curved surface. The shield cutter beam is of a multi-section curved surface structure, so that the enveloping curve of the cutter arranged on the shield cutter beam is in a multi-section curved surface shape, the soil body of the tunnel face is divided into different stress state areas, the cutting capability of the cutter head is matched with the cutting difficulty of stratum, the purpose of equivalent abrasion of the cutter head is achieved, the phenomena of repeated soil body crushing and eccentric abrasion of the cutter head are avoided, the service life of the cutter head is prolonged, the tunneling efficiency is improved, the times for replacing the cutter head are reduced, and the construction cost is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rock and soil tunneling and tunnel construction, in particular to a shield cutterhead with a multi-section curved surface and a multi-section curved surface.
Background
At present, urban rail transit construction in China is facing unprecedented climax, and the urban rail transit construction environment is increasingly complex along with the accelerated development of urban process in China, so that shield construction becomes the preferred scheme and the main stream method of the rail transit construction. The sand and pebble stratum is often encountered during shield construction, and the sand and pebble stratum has the characteristics of loose and easy collapse, high permeability, high hardness, high abrasiveness and the like. When the existing shield cutterhead is tunneled in a sandy pebble stratum, the problems of rapid cutter abrasion, eccentric abrasion and the like exist, once the cutter abrasion is serious, personnel are required to enter a soil pressing bin to replace the cutter, and the construction progress can be influenced besides huge cost. For the plane cutterhead, as the soil body of the tunnel face is in a semi-infinite state, the cutting difficulty is the same everywhere, the soil body cutting difficulty is not matched with the cutterhead cutting capability, the center of the cutterhead can cut slowly, the edge cutting is fast, the soil body at the edge can be repeatedly crushed, the tunneling speed is slow, the cutter abrasion is serious, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an anti-eccentric multi-section curved surface shield cutter head.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
The multi-section curved surface shield cutter head comprises a cutter head main body and a central fishtail cutter, wherein the central fishtail cutter is positioned at the center of the cutter head main body, the cutter head main body and the central fishtail cutter are connected through a plurality of curved surface cutter beams, and the curved surface cutter beams are uniformly distributed in an annular area between the cutter head main body and the central fishtail cutter in an annular mode by taking the central fishtail cutter as a circle center; the curved knife beam arches to the same surface as the cutting surface of the central fish tail knife and the knife disc main body to form a curved surface.
Preferably, a row of wedge-shaped tearing knives are distributed on the arch surface of the curved knife beam along the trend of the curved knife beam, and the intervals between the adjacent wedge-shaped tearing knives are sequentially reduced from one end, connected with the central fish tail knife, of the curved knife beam to the other end.
Preferably, the cutter head further comprises an annular cross beam, the annular cross beam is located in the annular area, a plurality of curved sector-shaped panels are bridged between the annular cross beam and the cutter head main body, and the plurality of curved sector-shaped panels are evenly distributed in an annular mode.
Preferably, a row of scrapers are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the curved knife beam, and the scrapers on two sides correspond to the wedge-shaped tearing knives on the arch surface one by one.
Preferably, the fan-shaped curved plate and the curved knife beam are bent towards the same direction, one end of the fan-shaped curved plate with a larger plate surface is connected with the knife disc main body, and the other end of the fan-shaped curved plate is connected with the annular cross beam; and the curved sector plate is distributed with wear-resistant wedge blocks.
Preferably, the wear-resistant wedge blocks on the larger end of the fan-shaped curved plate face are smaller than the wear-resistant wedge blocks on the smaller end.
Preferably, a plurality of hob are obliquely arranged at the edge of the larger end of the fan-shaped curved plate surface, and the hob are obliquely arranged towards the outer side of the cutterhead main body.
Preferably, the center fish tail knife comprises a knife holder, a triangular sharp edge vertically arranged on the knife holder, a row of scrapers are respectively arranged on two sides of the triangular sharp edge, and the scrapers are attached to a blade plate of the triangular sharp edge.
Preferably, the sector-shaped curved plate is provided with a cutter groove for accommodating the hob, the cutting edge of the hob protrudes out of the cutter groove, a cover plate is processed on the cutter groove along the inclination direction of the hob, and the outer side of the cover plate is provided with a wear-resistant wedge block.
Preferably, the scraper comprises a fixed block and a scraping edge integrally formed on the fixed block; the scraping edges of the scrapers on the two sides of the curved knife beam are provided with edge surfaces which incline towards the direction away from the curved knife beam; the scraping edges of the scraping blades on two sides of the triangular sharp edge are provided with edge faces which incline towards the direction away from the triangular sharp edge.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages:
(1) The shield cutter beam is of a multi-section curved surface structure, so that the enveloping curve of the cutter arranged on the shield cutter beam is of a multi-section curved surface shape, and the soil body of the face is divided into different stress state areas: the soil body is in an infinite state in the area I, and the cutting difficulty is maximum; the soil body is in a semi-infinite state in the area II, so that the cutting difficulty is high; and in the area III, the soil body is in a free surface state, the cutting difficulty is minimum, the cutting capability of the cutterhead is matched with the stratum cutting difficulty, the purpose of equivalent abrasion of the cutterhead is achieved, the repeated crushing of the soil body and the eccentric abrasion of the cutterhead are avoided, the service life of the cutterhead can be prolonged, the tunneling efficiency is improved, the frequency of replacing the cutter is reduced, and the construction cost is saved.
(2) The arrangement of the cutters on the cutter beam is uneven, the arrangement density is high in the edge area with serious abrasion, and the arrangement density is low in the area close to the center area, so that the eccentric wear of the cutter disc is further reduced.
(3) The contact area of the cutterhead with the multi-section curved surface structure and the stratum is larger, the smaller the force acting on the unit area is, the abrasion of the cutterhead is reduced, and the service life of the cutterhead is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the multi-section curved surface shield cutterhead for preventing eccentric wear;
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a multi-section curved surface shield cutterhead according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a multi-segment curved surface shield cutterhead structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure in the direction A-A in FIG. 3;
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a center fish tail cutter of the multi-section curved surface shield cutterhead;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a curved cutter beam of the multi-section curved shield cutterhead of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a sector-shaped curved plate of the multi-section curved surface shield cutterhead of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a cutterhead main body; 2. a curved knife beam; 3. a center fish tail knife; 4. an annular cross beam; 5. a fan-shaped curved plate; 6. a wedge-shaped tearing knife; 7. a scraper; 8. a hob; 9. wear-resistant wedge blocks; 10. triangular sharp edges; 11. and a cover plate.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, which are given by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a multi-section curved surface shield cutter head comprises a cutter head main body 1 and a central fish tail cutter 3, wherein the central fish tail cutter 3 is positioned at the center of the cutter head main body 1, the cutter head main body 1 and the central fish tail cutter 3 at the center are connected through a plurality of curved surface cutter beams 2, and the curved surface cutter beams 2 are uniformly distributed in an annular area between the cutter head main body 1 and the central fish tail cutter 3 in an annular shape by taking the central fish tail cutter 3 as a circle center; the curved knife beam 2 arches towards the same surface as the cutting surface of the center fish tail knife 3 and the knife disc main body 1 to form a multi-section curved surface.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a row of wedge-shaped tearing knives 6 are distributed on the arch surface of the curved knife beam 2 along the trend of the arch surface, and the intervals between adjacent wedge-shaped tearing knives 6 are sequentially reduced from one end of the curved knife beam 2 connected with the center fish tail knife 3 to the other end.
As shown in fig. 2, in order to reduce the opening ratio of the cutterhead and increase the effective cutting surface of the shield cutterhead, the shield cutterhead further comprises an annular cross beam 4, wherein the annular cross beam 4 is positioned in an annular area, a plurality of curved surface sector-shaped panels are bridged between the annular cross beam 4 and the cutterhead main body 1, and a plurality of sector-shaped curved panels 5 are uniformly distributed in an annular shape.
As shown in fig. 6, a row of scrapers 7 are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the curved knife beam 2, and the scrapers 7 on two sides are in one-to-one correspondence with the wedge-shaped tearing knives 6 on the arch surface.
As shown in fig. 2 and 7, the fan-shaped curved plate 5 and the curved knife beam 2 are bent in the same direction, one end of the fan-shaped curved plate 5 with a larger plate surface is connected with the knife disc main body 1, and the other end is connected with the annular cross beam 4; the curved sector plate is provided with wear-resistant wedge blocks 9.
The wear-resistant wedge-shaped block 9 on the larger end of the plate surface of the fan-shaped curved plate 5 is smaller than the wear-resistant wedge-shaped block 9 on the smaller end.
A plurality of hob cutters 8 are obliquely arranged at the edge of the larger end of the plate surface of the fan-shaped curved plate 5, and the hob cutters 8 are obliquely arranged towards the outer side of the cutter head main body 1.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the center fish tail cutter 3 comprises a cutter holder, a triangular sharp edge 10 vertically arranged on the cutter holder, a row of scrapers 7 respectively arranged on two sides of the triangular sharp edge 10, and the scrapers 7 are attached to the edge plates of the triangular sharp edge 10.
The fan-shaped curved plate 5 is provided with a cutter groove for accommodating the hob 8, the cutting edge of the hob 8 protrudes out of the cutter groove, a cover plate 11 is processed on the cutter groove along the oblique direction of the hob 8, and the outer side of the cover plate 11 is provided with a wear-resistant wedge block 9.
The scraper 7 comprises a fixed block and a scraping edge integrally formed on the fixed block; the scraping edges of the scrapers 7 on the two sides of the curved knife beam 2 are provided with edge surfaces which incline towards the direction away from the curved knife beam 2; the blades 7 on both sides of the triangular tip 10 have blade faces inclined in a direction away from the triangular tip 10.
The principle that the multistage curved surface shield cutter head in the embodiment can effectively avoid eccentric wear is as follows:
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-section curved surface shield cutterhead symmetrically divides the state of soil body of a tunnel face (the tunnel face is also called faces, which is a term in tunnel construction, namely, a working face which is continuously pushed forward in mining, mining or tunnel engineering) into three areas: the soil body is in an infinite state in the area I, and the cutting difficulty is maximum; the soil body is in a semi-infinite state in the area II, so that the cutting difficulty is high; and in the area III, the soil body is in a free surface state, and the cutting difficulty is minimum. When the cutter head rotates to cut soil, the larger the radius is, the larger the linear speed is, and the stronger the cutting capability is. For the multi-section curved surface shield cutter head, the soil body cutting difficulty at the edge is the greatest, the cutting capability of the cutter head at the edge is the strongest, the soil body cutting difficulty at the center is the least, but the linear speed of the cutter head is also the least, and the soil body cutting difficulty is matched with the cutter head cutting capability, so that the equivalent abrasion of the cutter head is realized, and the eccentric abrasion of the cutter head can be avoided.
As shown in fig. 2, 6 curved cutter beams 2 are uniformly arranged radially on the cutter head main body 1, and each curved cutter beam 2 is connected to a central position by a central fishtail 3. In order to increase the strength of the curved blade beam 2, an annular cross beam 4 is provided between the cutter head main body 1 and the center fish tail cutter, and the curved blade beam 2 is connected with the annular cross beam 4. In order to reduce the cutter head aperture ratio, a curved sector panel is arranged between the two curved cutter beams 2, one end of the curved sector panel is connected with the cutter head main body 1, and the other end is connected with the annular cross beam 4. A row of 6 wedge-shaped tearing knives 6 are arranged on the arch surface of each curved knife beam 2, and the intervals between the wedge-shaped tearing knives 6 are smaller from the center to the edge in order to enhance the wear resistance of the edge wedge-shaped tearing knives 6. On both sides of each curved knife beam 2 are installed scrapers 7, the distance between the scrapers 7 is smaller and smaller from the center to the edge, and the distance is consistent with the wedge-shaped tearing knife 6. In order to further enhance the cutting capability of the edge of the shield cutter head, two hob cutters 8 with outward lifting are arranged on the curved sector panel. In order to enhance the wear resistance of the curved sector panel, a wear-resistant wedge block is inlaid on the surface. In order to protect the central fishtail 3, a triangular sharp edge 10 and scrapers 7 positioned on two sides of the cutting surface of the triangular sharp edge 10 are arranged on the tool apron of the central fishtail 3. All cutters (wedge-shaped tearing cutters 6 and scrapers 7 on two sides) arranged on the curved cutter beam 2 finally form cutter enveloping lines of the cutter head as shown in fig. 1, so that the matching of soil body cutting difficulty and cutter head cutting capability is finally realized, and the purpose of equivalent abrasion of the cutter head is achieved.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The multi-section curved surface shield cutter head comprises a cutter head main body (1) and a central fishtail cutter (3), wherein the central fishtail cutter (3) is positioned at the center of the cutter head main body (1), and is characterized in that the cutter head main body (1) and the central fishtail cutter (3) are connected through a plurality of curved surface cutter beams (2), and the curved surface cutter beams (2) are annularly and uniformly distributed in an annular area between the cutter head main body (1) and the central fishtail cutter (3) by taking the central fishtail cutter (3) as a circle center; the curved knife beam (2) arches to the same surface as the cutting surface of the center fishtail knife (3) and the knife disc main body (1) to form a multi-section curved surface;
a row of wedge-shaped tearing knives (6) are distributed on the arch surface of the multi-section curved knife beam (2) along the trend of the arch surface, and the intervals between the adjacent wedge-shaped tearing knives (6) are sequentially reduced from one end, connected with the multi-section curved knife beam (2) and the central fish tail knife (3), to the other end;
the cutter head is characterized by further comprising an annular cross beam (4), wherein the annular cross beam (4) is positioned in the annular area, a plurality of curved sector-shaped panels are bridged between the annular cross beam (4) and the cutter head main body (1), and a plurality of sector-shaped curved panels (5) are uniformly distributed in an annular shape;
The multi-section curved surface knife beam (2) enables the enveloping curve of the knife arranged on the knife beam to be in a multi-section curved surface shape, and the soil body of the face is divided into three stress state areas with different cutting difficulty degrees: the soil body is in an infinite state in the area I, and the cutting difficulty is maximum; the soil body is in a semi-infinite state in the area II, so that the cutting difficulty is high; the soil body is in a free surface state, and the cutting difficulty is minimum; when the cutter head rotates to cut soil, the larger the radius is, the larger the linear speed is, and the stronger the cutting capability is; for the multi-section curved surface shield cutter head, the soil body cutting difficulty at the edge is the greatest, the cutting capability of the cutter head at the edge is the strongest, the soil body cutting difficulty at the center is the least, but the linear speed of the cutter head is also the least, so that the cutting capability of the cutter head is matched with the stratum cutting difficulty, the purpose of equivalent abrasion of the cutter head is achieved, and the repeated crushing of the soil body and the eccentric abrasion of the cutter head are avoided.
2. The multi-section curved surface shield cutter head according to claim 1, wherein a row of scrapers (7) are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the curved surface cutter beam (2), and the scrapers (7) on two sides are in one-to-one correspondence with wedge-shaped tearing cutters (6) of an arch surface.
3. The multi-section curved surface shield cutter head according to claim 1, wherein the fan-shaped curved surface plate (5) and the multi-section curved surface cutter beam (2) are bent towards the same direction, one end of the fan-shaped curved surface plate (5) with a larger plate surface is connected with the cutter head main body (1), and the other end is connected with the annular cross beam (4); and the curved sector plate is distributed with wear-resistant wedge blocks (9).
4. A multi-section curved surface shield cutter head according to claim 3, wherein the wear-resistant wedge blocks (9) on the larger end of the plate surface of the sector-shaped curved plate (5) are smaller than the wear-resistant wedge blocks (9) on the smaller end.
5. The multi-section curved surface shield cutter head according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a plurality of hob (8) are obliquely arranged at the edge of the larger end of the plate surface of the fan-shaped curved plate (5), and the hob (8) is inclined towards the outer side of the cutter head main body (1).
6. The multi-section curved surface shield cutter head according to claim 2, wherein the center fish tail cutter (3) comprises a cutter seat, triangular sharp edges (10) vertically arranged on the cutter seat, a row of scrapers (7) are respectively arranged on two sides of the triangular sharp edges (10), and the scrapers (7) are attached to edge plates of the triangular sharp edges (10).
7. The multi-section curved surface shield cutter head according to claim 5, wherein the sector-shaped curved surface plate (5) is provided with a cutter groove for accommodating the hob (8), the cutting edge of the hob (8) protrudes out of the cutter groove, and a cover plate (11) is processed on the cutter groove along the oblique direction of the hob (8); and a wear-resistant wedge block (9) is arranged on the outer side of the cover plate (11).
8. The multi-segment curved surface shield cutter head according to claim 6, wherein the scraper (7) comprises a fixed block and a scraping edge integrally formed on the fixed block; the scraping edges of the scrapers (7) on the two sides of the curved knife beam (2) are provided with edge surfaces which incline towards the direction away from the curved knife beam (2); the scraping edges of the scraping blades (7) on the two sides of the triangular sharp edge (10) are provided with edge surfaces which are inclined towards the direction away from the triangular sharp edge (10).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910695819.7A CN110424976B (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | Multistage curved surface shield cutter head |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910695819.7A CN110424976B (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | Multistage curved surface shield cutter head |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110424976A CN110424976A (en) | 2019-11-08 |
| CN110424976B true CN110424976B (en) | 2024-04-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910695819.7A Active CN110424976B (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | Multistage curved surface shield cutter head |
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