CN110421262A - A kind of method of pulse laser control aluminum alloy surface roughness - Google Patents
A kind of method of pulse laser control aluminum alloy surface roughness Download PDFInfo
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- CN110421262A CN110421262A CN201910585763.XA CN201910585763A CN110421262A CN 110421262 A CN110421262 A CN 110421262A CN 201910585763 A CN201910585763 A CN 201910585763A CN 110421262 A CN110421262 A CN 110421262A
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- aluminum alloy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of pulse laser control aluminum alloy surface roughness, it is related to field of laser processing, physical-chemical reaction can be generated to aluminum alloy surface according to pulsed laser irradiation, pulse hole is formed in aluminum alloy surface, so that surface generates fluctuating, and aluminum alloy surface roughness directly depends on surface undulation degree.The depth and size and the energy density of laser in this pulse hole generated by pulsed laser action are positively correlated, therefore the size and the depth for generating pulse hole be can control in the distribution of aluminum alloy surface energy density by control pulse laser, can achieve the purpose that control aluminum alloy surface roughness.In actual operation, it is only necessary to which the technological parameter for adjusting pulse laser and robot ambulation can achieve the effect that control aluminum alloy surface roughness.Therefore, it is proposed by the present invention be a kind of controllable coarse processing of easy to operate, high-efficiency environment friendly aluminum alloy surface method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of laser processing more particularly to a kind of pulse laser to control aluminum alloy surface roughness
Method.
Background technique
Aluminium alloy density is low, has excellent thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance, is that most widely used one kind is coloured in industry
Structural metallic materials is widely used in the manufacturing industry such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, ship.Due to the difference of use environment, to increase
The service life of strength aluminum alloy structural member generallys use finish coatings and protects it.Wherein, the quality of surface of bottom material processing
Nearly 50% is influenced on coating life and binding force, and surface roughness fundamentally influences paint as surface quality important indicator
(see reference size of the layer in conjunction with substrate room machine document: Wang Chuanzhong, Zhang Lei, Cao Zhigang, waits simple analysis surface roughness to painting
Influence [J] the modern coatings of dress and coating, 2011,14 (5): 66-67.).
Currently, material surface roughness control method mainly passes through manual polishing, numerical control processing, blasting treatment and continuously swashs
The methods of light ablation (see reference document: a kind of method for changing product surface roughness using laser of Li Bin:,
CN109530910A.2019.)。
Manual polishing is surface-treated sample by hand-held grinding wheel, and surface treatment quality depends on worker's technology, place
Reason quality does not have repeatability, and surface roughness is not uniform enough, for heavy parts, operation time-consuming, inefficiency.
Numerical control processing mainly carries out turning or grinding to regular surfaces by numerically-controlled machine tool, but is unable to control irregular material
Expect surface roughness value, simultaneously as lathe size limits, scantling to be processed also has certain limitation.
Blasting treatment: the main percussion using high speed sand drift is roughened material surface, to the biggish damage of material surface.
Surface roughness value is controlled by control sand grains size, but small size workpiece can not be handled.Meanwhile meeting during blasting treatment
Generate dust pollution.
Continuous laser ablation: mainly by laser scorification material, groove roughening is formed on surface.This method is to material surface
It damages larger, belongs to laser heat processing, need to cool down after processing.Meanwhile changing the method for surface roughness by forming groove
Anisotropy is poor, only perpendicular to groove direction, there are roughness value sizes.
Therefore, those skilled in the art is dedicated to developing a kind of a kind of easy to operate, high-efficiency environment friendly aluminum alloy surface
The method of coarse processing.
Summary of the invention
Technology realization principle of the invention is to generate physical-chemical reaction after material surface absorbs pulsed laser energy, is caused
Material states of matter and shape change, and generate fluctuating on surface, achieve the effect that change surface roughness.It is thick in aluminum alloy surface
In rugosity treatment process, pulse laser forms pulse on surface after contacting with aluminium alloy and cheats, by Hirschegg model it is found that swashing
Light technology parameter and plasma mainly influence the size that pulse is cheated, and (see reference document: DausingerF.Precise
drillingWith short-pulsed lasers[C]//High-power Lasers in
Manufacturing.International Society for Optics and Photonics, 2000.), and pulse is cheated
Size, depth and laser energy density be positively correlated that (see reference document: Ablation and morphological
evolution of micro-holes in stainless steelWith picosecond laser pulses[J]
.The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2015,80(9-
12):1713-1720.Fang L,Chen X,LinW,et al.Nanosecond laser ablation of Al-Si
Coating on boron steel [J] .Surface&Coatings Technology, 2017,319:129-135. solve space
Fly, Liu Hongwei, Hu Yongxiang ship plate away rust by laser technological parameter determines technique study [J] Chinese laser, 2016 (4):
103-110.).Surface roughness depends on surface undulation degree, is cheated by the depth and pulse in control pulse hole in aluminium alloy
Surface distribution can obtain required roughness value.So cheated by control laser and the pulse of robot ambulation process parameter control
The depth and pulse hole are distributed on surface, that is, can reach the effect of control aluminum alloy surface roughness value.
There is also following multiple advantages for high-frequency pulsed lasers processing:
1, high-frequency pulsed lasers processing is a kind of contactless pulsed laser action, clamps fixation without carrying out to sample；
2, high-frequency pulsed lasers processing can carry out the material of complicated shape to part size and shape without particular/special requirement
Surface treatment；
3, high-frequency pulsed lasers processing time-saving and efficiency, can hold processing can also be implemented in combination with numerical control operating with robot,
No pollution to the environment is operated simultaneously, does not generate lot of materials consume, is a kind of processing method of environmentally friendly, micro- damage；
4, high-frequency pulsed lasers processing can reach the effect of control table surface roughness value by the way that setting is adjusted to parameter
Fruit carries out equipment part replacement operation without midway, is effectively reduced downtime and cost；
5, high-frequency pulsed lasers processing is of less demanding to operator, it is only necessary to which simple operations can be operated with safety training.
In view of the above drawbacks of the prior art and the research to pulse laser, the technical problems to be solved by the invention
It is how controllably to be handled using roughness of the pulse laser to aluminum alloy surface.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of method of pulse laser control aluminum alloy surface roughness, packets
Include following steps:
Step 1, preparation of samples: aluminum alloy specimen surface and oil contaminant is cleaned using dehydrated alcohol or acetone, is air-dried at room temperature；
Step 2, equipment are adjusted: the aluminum alloy specimen being placed on the workbench of pulse laser, the aluminium is adjusted and closes
Golden sample between the pulse laser at a distance from, make the defocusing amount 0 of the pulse laser；
Step 3, parameter setting: set the technological parameter of the pulse laser: laser power is 20W~100W, pulse
Frequency is 100kHz~500kHz, scan rate of vibrating mirror is 6m/s~12m/s, cleaning width is 0.5cm~5cm；
Step 4, robot setting: by robot control system, being arranged cleaning area, cleaning track and cleaning speed,
The cleaning speed executes operation in 36cm/min~72cm/min.
Wherein, the surface roughness of aluminum alloy specimen obtained is Ra1.6~Ra12.5.
Further, the light-emitting window of the pulse laser and the aluminum alloy specimen surface keep a preset inclination
Angle.
Further, the tilt angle is 5 °~10 °.
Further, the cleaning speed is arranged to directly proportional to the pulse frequency.
Further, the laser power is 75W~100W, and the pulse frequency is 100kHz~200kHz, obtains institute
The surface roughness for stating aluminum alloy specimen is Ra6.3~Ra12.5.
Further, the laser power is 50W~75W, and the pulse frequency is 200kHz~350kHz, described in acquisition
The surface roughness of aluminum alloy specimen is Ra3.2~Ra6.3.
Further, the laser power is 20W~50W, and the pulse frequency is 350kHz~500kHz, described in acquisition
The surface roughness of aluminum alloy specimen is Ra1.6~Ra3.2.
Further, the method also includes steps 5；The step 5 is operation post-processing: removing the aluminum alloy specimen
The fine particle on surface detects the surface roughness of the aluminum alloy specimen.
Further, the fine particle on the aluminum alloy specimen surface is removed in the step 5 using compressed air.
Further, the fine particle on the aluminum alloy specimen surface is removed in the step 5 using ultrasonic wave.
The method of pulse laser provided by the invention control aluminum alloy surface roughness there are following the utility model has the advantages that
1, manual polishing is compared, pulse laser processing is a kind of contactless processing method, can efficient, repeatability progress
The processing of the processing of aluminum alloy surface roughness, heavy parts can save labour cost；
2, numerical control processing is compared, pulse laser processing is a kind of contactless processing method, and flexible and convenient operation can be polygonal
Degree carries out processing operation, can effectively handle the roughness value of irregular piece surface, not limit simultaneously for the size of part
System；
3, blasting treatment is compared, pulse laser processing is a kind of contactless processing method, can flexibly be handled large-scale, small
Type, even miniature parts do not generate a large amount of damages to part during processing, do not generate also not generate dust pollution；
4, continuous laser ablation processes are compared, the surface roughness value that pulse laser processing is formed is uniform, and anisotropy is good,
It is smaller to material damage, cooling down operation need not be carried out after processing, can put into the next step.
It is described further below with reference to technical effect of the attached drawing to design of the invention, specific structure and generation, with
It is fully understood from the purpose of the present invention, feature and effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that laser pulse hole changes surface roughness schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the aluminium alloy observed under scanning electron microscope in the surface topography that pulse laser processing is not used；
Fig. 3 is the aluminum alloy surface pattern after the pulse laser processing observed under scanning electron microscope；
Fig. 4 is that pulse laser processing cross section fluctuating situation is not used in the aluminium alloy observed under scanning electron microscope；
Fig. 5 is the cross section fluctuating situation of the aluminium alloy observed under scanning electron microscope after pulse laser processing.
Specific embodiment
Multiple preferred embodiments of the invention introduced below keep its technology contents more clear and are easy to understand.The present invention
It can be emerged from by many various forms of embodiments, protection scope of the present invention is not limited only to the reality mentioned in text
Apply example.
Embodiment 1:
Aluminum alloy specimen is having a size of 100mm × 100mm × 2mm.
(1) preparation of samples: aluminum alloy specimen surface and oil contaminant is cleaned using dehydrated alcohol or acetone, is air-dried at room temperature.
(2) equipment is adjusted: the aluminum alloy specimen being placed on the workbench of pulse laser, the aluminium alloy examination is adjusted
Sample between the pulse laser at a distance from, make the defocusing amount 0 of the pulse laser, adjust the light-emitting window of pulse laser
The angle that one 5 °~10 ° are tilted with aluminum alloy specimen surface, prevents the vertical reflection laser injury device of aluminium alloy.
(3) laser is arranged: the controller by operating the pulse laser, the technique for setting the pulse laser
Parameter: laser power 100W, pulse frequency 100kHz, in 6m/s, obtain aluminum alloy surface roughness value is scanning speed
Ra12.5。
(4) robot is arranged: the controller by operating robot sets the kinematic parameter of robot: cleaning width, clear
Track, cleaning speed are washed in 36cm/min.
(5) operation post-processing: using compressed air blow off or ultrasonic cleaning described in aluminum alloy specimen surface it is tiny
Then particle detects the surface roughness of the aluminum alloy specimen.
Embodiment 2:
Aluminium alloy is having a size of 100mm × 100mm × 2mm.
(1) preparation of samples: aluminum alloy specimen surface and oil contaminant is cleaned using dehydrated alcohol or acetone, is air-dried at room temperature.；
(2) equipment is adjusted: the aluminum alloy specimen being placed on the workbench of pulse laser, the aluminium alloy examination is adjusted
Sample between the pulse laser at a distance from, make the defocusing amount 0 of the pulse laser, adjust the light-emitting window of pulse laser
The angle that one 5 °~10 ° are tilted with aluminum alloy specimen surface, prevents the vertical reflection laser injury device of aluminium alloy.
(3) laser is arranged: the controller by operating the pulse laser, the technique for setting the pulse laser
Parameter: laser power 70W, pulse frequency 250kHz, in 9m/s, obtain aluminum alloy surface roughness value is scanning speed
Ra6.3。
(4) robot is arranged: the controller by operating robot sets the kinematic parameter of robot: cleaning width, clear
Track, cleaning speed are washed in 54cm/min.
(5) operation post-processing: using compressed air blow off or ultrasonic cleaning described in aluminum alloy specimen surface it is tiny
Then particle detects the surface roughness of the aluminum alloy specimen.
Embodiment 3:
Aluminium alloy is having a size of 100mm × 100mm × 2mm.
(1) preparation of samples: aluminum alloy specimen surface and oil contaminant is cleaned using dehydrated alcohol or acetone, is air-dried at room temperature.
(2) equipment is adjusted: the aluminum alloy specimen being placed on the workbench of pulse laser, the aluminium alloy examination is adjusted
Sample between the pulse laser at a distance from, make the defocusing amount 0 of the pulse laser, adjust the light-emitting window of pulse laser
The angle that one 5 °~10 ° are tilted with aluminum alloy specimen surface, prevents the vertical reflection laser injury device of aluminium alloy.
(3) laser is arranged: the controller by operating the pulse laser, the technique for setting the pulse laser
Parameter: laser power 40W, pulse frequency 480kHz, in 12m/s, obtain aluminum alloy surface roughness value is scanning speed
Ra3.2。
(4) robot is arranged: the controller by operating robot sets the kinematic parameter of robot: cleaning width, clear
Track, cleaning speed are washed in 72cm/min.
(5) operation post-processing: using compressed air blow off or ultrasonic cleaning described in aluminum alloy specimen surface it is tiny
Then particle detects the surface roughness of the aluminum alloy specimen.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above.It should be appreciated that the ordinary skill of this field is without wound
The property made labour, which according to the present invention can conceive, makes many modifications and variations.Therefore, all technician in the art
Pass through the available technology of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment on the basis of existing technology under this invention's idea
Scheme, all should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of pulse laser control aluminum alloy surface roughness, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, preparation of samples: aluminum alloy specimen surface and oil contaminant is cleaned using dehydrated alcohol or acetone, is air-dried at room temperature；
Step 2, equipment are adjusted: the aluminum alloy specimen being placed on the workbench of pulse laser, the aluminium alloy examination is adjusted
Sample between the pulse laser at a distance from, make the defocusing amount 0 of the pulse laser；
Step 3, parameter setting: set the technological parameter of the pulse laser: laser power is 20W~100W, pulse frequency
For 100kHz~500kHz, scan rate of vibrating mirror be 6m/s~12m/s, cleaning width is 0.5cm~5cm；
Step 4, robot setting: by robot control system, being arranged cleaning area, cleaning track and cleaning speed, described
Cleaning speed executes operation in 36cm/min~72cm/min.
2. the method for pulse laser control aluminum alloy surface roughness as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pulse
The light-emitting window of laser and the aluminum alloy specimen surface keep a preset tilt angle.
3. the method for pulse laser control aluminum alloy surface roughness as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the inclination
Angle is 5 °~10 °.
4. the method for pulse laser control aluminum alloy surface roughness as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the cleaning
Speed is arranged to directly proportional to the pulse frequency.
5. the method for pulse laser control aluminum alloy surface roughness as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser
Power is 75W~100W, and the pulse frequency is 100kHz~200kHz, and the surface roughness for obtaining the aluminum alloy specimen is
Ra6.3~Ra12.5.
6. the method for pulse laser control aluminum alloy surface roughness as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser
Power is 50W~75W, and the pulse frequency is 200kHz~350kHz, and the surface roughness for obtaining the aluminum alloy specimen is
Ra3.2~Ra6.3.
7. the method for pulse laser control aluminum alloy surface roughness as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser
Power is 20W~50W, and the pulse frequency is 350kHz~500kHz, and the surface roughness for obtaining the aluminum alloy specimen is
Ra1.6~Ra3.2.
8. the method for pulse laser control aluminum alloy surface roughness as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the method
It further include step 5；The step 5 is operation post-processing: removing the fine particle on the aluminum alloy specimen surface, detects the aluminium
The surface roughness of alloy sample.
9. the method for pulse laser control aluminum alloy surface roughness as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the step
The fine particle on the aluminum alloy specimen surface is removed in 5 using compressed air.
10. the method for pulse laser control aluminum alloy surface roughness as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the step
The fine particle on the aluminum alloy specimen surface is removed in rapid 5 using ultrasonic wave.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113798686A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-17 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Laser marking method and device applied to aluminum product |
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| CN113798686A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-17 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Laser marking method and device applied to aluminum product |
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Application publication date: 20191108 |