CN110421187B - Self-adaptive positioning clamp - Google Patents
Self-adaptive positioning clamp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110421187B CN110421187B CN201910748599.XA CN201910748599A CN110421187B CN 110421187 B CN110421187 B CN 110421187B CN 201910748599 A CN201910748599 A CN 201910748599A CN 110421187 B CN110421187 B CN 110421187B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- connecting piece
- rolling bodies
- positioning seat
- chuck
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 244000208734 Pisonia aculeata Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/02—Chucks
- B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
- B23B31/12—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable
- B23B31/16—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable moving radially
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
- Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive positioning clamp, which comprises a back-pull chuck, wherein a connecting piece is fixedly connected to the front end face of the back-pull chuck, the front end of the connecting piece is connected with a positioning seat through a spring, three rolling bodies are uniformly distributed on the front end face of the positioning seat along the circumferential direction of the positioning seat, rolling friction force between a workpiece and the rolling bodies is smaller than sliding friction force between the workpiece and a push rod, and the diameter of each rolling body is smaller than the distance between two adjacent convex claws on the end face of the workpiece. When the chuck is used, the pull-back chuck rotates at a low speed, the push rod pushes the workpiece to move towards the positioning seat, rolling friction is formed between the three convex claw end faces on the workpiece and the rolling bodies after the three convex claw end faces contact with the rolling bodies, relative rotation is generated between the three convex claws on the workpiece and the workpiece, the three convex claws on the workpiece can be self-adaptively meshed between the rolling bodies under the action of the push rod, at the moment, the rolling bodies are attached to the A reference surface of the workpiece, then the pull-back chuck acts, the clamping jaw clamps the workpiece, and meanwhile, the rolling bodies are continuously attached to the A reference surface of the workpiece tightly, so that clamping is completed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a self-adaptive positioning clamp.
Background
When machining the workpiece shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, to ensure the form and position tolerance of the dimension L and the inner hole, the reference surface a must be used as a positioning surface (the reference surface a is a non-machining surface), and the machining is limited by the structural shape of the part, so that two modes are available at present: one is to adopt manual clamping, the reliable laminating clamp of the reference surface A is ensured artificially, the disadvantage of this mode is that the production efficiency is low, it is not suitable for the processing of the work piece of a large number of; the other is to adopt the fixture and the workpiece to orient, then move the workpiece to enable the A datum plane to be attached to the fixture for positioning, which has the defects of complex mechanism, higher precision requirement on the fixture, higher cost and poor reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems existing at present, the invention provides the self-adaptive positioning clamp which can automatically perform alignment and positioning and does not need to orient a workpiece and a clamp.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a self-adaptation positioning fixture, includes the back-pull chuck, the rigid coupling has the connecting piece on the preceding terminal surface of back-pull chuck, and the front end of this connecting piece passes through the spring to be connected with the positioning seat, has three rolling element along its circumference evenly distributed on the preceding terminal surface of this positioning seat, and the rolling friction force between work piece and this rolling element is less than the sliding friction force between work piece and the push rod, the diameter of rolling element is less than the distance between two adjacent convex claws on the work piece terminal surface.
According to the technical scheme, when the rear-pull chuck rotates at a low speed, the push rod pushes the workpiece to move towards the positioning seat, rolling friction is formed between the three claw end faces on the workpiece and the rolling bodies after the three claw end faces on the workpiece are contacted with the rolling bodies, the positioning seat and the rolling bodies rotate together with the rear-pull chuck due to the fact that the rolling friction is smaller than the sliding friction between the workpiece and the push rod, meanwhile, relative rotation is generated between the positioning seat and the rolling bodies, the three claws on the workpiece can be meshed between the rolling bodies in a self-adaptive mode under the action of the push rod, at the moment, the rolling bodies are attached to the A datum plane of the workpiece, the push rod is triggered by in-place signals, positioning is completed, then the rear-pull chuck acts, the clamping jaws clamp the workpiece, and simultaneously ensure that the rolling bodies are continuously attached to the A datum plane of the workpiece tightly, clamping is completed, and subsequent machining is performed.
Further, the connecting piece comprises a connecting piece body connected to the front end face of the back-pull chuck through a bolt, one end of the connecting piece body stretches into the central hole of the back-pull chuck, the other end of the connecting piece body extends outwards, and a first concave cavity which is concave inwards is formed in the end part of one end which extends outwards;
the positioning seat is provided with a second concave cavity which is concave inwards towards one end of the connecting piece, which extends outwards, extends into the second concave cavity, one end of the spring is abutted to the bottom of the first concave cavity, and the other end of the spring is abutted to the bottom of the second concave cavity.
According to the scheme, when the push rod pushes the workpiece to be in contact with the rolling body, a certain axial force is provided for the positioning seat, at the moment, the spring can provide a reverse buffering force for the positioning seat so as to reduce impact and improve reliability, and meanwhile, when the workpiece is machined, the spring can provide a pushing force for the positioning seat so as to push the positioning seat, the rolling body and the workpiece out integrally.
Further, an elongated slot is provided at a position on the outer circumference of the connecting member corresponding to the first cavity, and a guide screw is provided on the positioning seat along a radial direction thereof, and an end of the guide screw extends into the elongated slot and can move back and forth along the elongated slot.
According to the scheme, the guide screw can provide axial moving guide for the positioning seat, and relative rotation between the positioning seat and the connecting piece in the forward and backward moving process is avoided.
Further, a groove is formed in the end face, facing the connecting piece, of the positioning seat, and a sealing piece is arranged in the groove.
Further, the outer end surface of the seal is provided with barbs that slope inwardly along the axis thereof.
Further, a first breathing hole is formed in the connecting piece along the axial direction of the connecting piece, one end of the first breathing hole is communicated with the first concave cavity, and the other end of the first breathing hole is communicated with the outside through a second breathing hole in the back-pull chuck.
According to the scheme, the positioning seat and the connecting piece are sealed by the sealing piece, so that the air pressure in the first concave cavity can change in the action process of the spring, the first breathing hole and the second breathing hole are arranged and communicated with the outside, excessive air pressure generated in the first concave cavity can be discharged, the stability of the air pressure in the first concave cavity is ensured, the smooth operation of the self-adaptive positioning clamp is maintained, the sealing effect on the inside is ensured, and the phenomenon that when the air pressure in the first concave cavity is reduced, foreign matters in a processing area are sucked is avoided.
Further, the rolling bodies are balls or rollers.
Further, three claws on the back-pull chuck are distributed with three rolling bodies at intervals in the circumferential direction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: when the invention is used, the rear pull type chuck rotates at a low speed, the push rod pushes the workpiece to move towards the positioning seat, rolling friction is formed between the three convex claws on the workpiece and the rolling body after the end faces of the convex claws on the workpiece are contacted with the rolling body, and the positioning seat and the rolling body rotate together with the workpiece together with the rear pull type chuck due to the fact that the rolling friction force is smaller than the sliding friction force between the workpiece and the push rod, and meanwhile, relative rotation is generated between the positioning seat and the rolling body and the workpiece. When the invention is used, the workpiece can be aligned and positioned in a self-adaptive way, the workpiece and the clamp are not required to be oriented, the whole structure is simple, the cost is lower, the positioning reliability is higher, and the machining efficiency is indirectly improved.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front view of a workpiece to be machined;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an internal cross-sectional view of fig. 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments. It should not be construed that the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments, and all techniques realized based on the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and defined, it should be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, mechanical or electrical, or may be in communication with each other between two elements, directly or indirectly through intermediaries, as would be understood by those skilled in the art, in view of the specific meaning of the terms described above.
The workpiece 8 to be machined as shown in fig. 1-2 comprises a body and three convex claws arranged at one end of the body, wherein the three convex claws are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and in the machining process, manufacturers need to position and tighten with an A reference surface for meeting the machining precision and then machine the workpiece.
The self-adaptive positioning clamp for positioning and clamping the workpiece in fig. 1 and 2 as shown in fig. 3 and 4 comprises a back-pull chuck 1, wherein three clamping claws 11 are uniformly distributed on the circumferential direction of the front end surface of the back-pull chuck 1, a connecting piece 4 is fixedly connected to the front end surface of the back-pull chuck 1, the front end of the connecting piece 4 is connected with a positioning seat 2 through a spring 5, the whole positioning seat 2 is cylindrical, three rolling bodies 3 are uniformly distributed on the front end surface of the positioning seat 2 along the circumferential direction of the front end surface, the rolling bodies 3 are connected to the front end surface of the positioning seat through rolling body supports, the rolling friction force between the workpiece 8 and a push rod 9 after the workpiece 8 contacts with the rolling bodies 3 is smaller than the sliding friction force between the workpiece 8, and the diameter of the rolling bodies 3 is designed to be smaller than the distance between two adjacent convex claws on the end surface of the workpiece 8 in order that the rolling bodies 3 can extend into between two adjacent convex claws of the workpiece 8. And the three claws 11 on the back-pull chuck 1 are distributed with the three rolling bodies 3 at intervals in the circumferential direction. The rolling bodies 3 may be balls or rollers.
Referring to fig. 4, the coupling member 4 includes a coupling member body coupled to a front end surface of the rear pull type chuck 1 by a bolt, one end of the coupling member body being inserted into a center hole of the rear pull type chuck 1, the other end being extended outwardly, and one end portion extended outwardly being provided with a first concave cavity 40 recessed inwardly; an inward concave second cavity is formed in the positioning seat 2 towards one end of the connecting piece 4, one end of the connecting piece 4 extending outwards extends into the second cavity, one end of the spring 5 is abutted to the bottom of the first cavity 40, and the other end of the spring is abutted to the bottom of the second cavity.
An elongated slot 41 is provided on the outer periphery of the connecting member 4 at a position corresponding to the first cavity 40, the elongated slot 41 may or may not be in communication with the first cavity 40, a guide screw 6 is screwed on the positioning seat 2 along the radial direction thereof, and the end portion of the guide screw 6 extends into the elongated slot 41 and can move back and forth along the elongated slot 41. A groove is formed in the end face, facing the connecting piece 4, of the positioning seat 2, a sealing piece 21 is arranged in the groove, and in order to improve the sealing effect, barbs which incline inwards along the axis of the sealing piece 21 are arranged on the outer end face of the sealing piece 21, and the barbs are always in close contact with the periphery of the connecting piece 4 in the moving process of the positioning seat 2.
In order to ensure smooth and stable operation of the positioning fixture, a first breathing hole 42 is arranged on the connecting piece 4 along the axial direction of the connecting piece, one end of the first breathing hole 42 is communicated with the first concave cavity 40, and the other end of the first breathing hole is communicated with the outside through a second breathing hole 10 on the pull-back chuck 1.
The action process of the invention is as follows: when the rear-pulling type chuck 1 is used, the rear-pulling type chuck 1 rotates at a low speed, the push rod 9 pushes the workpiece 8 to move towards the positioning seat 2, when the end faces of three convex claws on the workpiece 8 are contacted with the rolling bodies 3, rolling friction is formed between the three convex claws and the rolling bodies, and as the rolling friction force is smaller than the sliding friction force between the workpiece 8 and the push rod 9, the positioning seat 2 and the rolling bodies 3 rotate together with the rear-pulling type chuck 1, meanwhile, relative rotation is generated between the positioning seat 2 and the workpiece 8, under the action of the push rod 9, the three convex claws on the workpiece 8 can be self-adaptively meshed into the space between the rolling bodies 3, at the moment, the rolling bodies 3 are attached to the A reference surface of the workpiece, then the rear-pulling type chuck 1 acts, the clamping jaw 11 clamps the workpiece 8, and simultaneously ensures that the rolling bodies 3 are continuously attached to the A reference surface of the workpiece, so that clamping is completed, and subsequent machining is performed.
The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an adaptive positioning anchor clamps, includes back pull type chuck (1), its characterized in that: the front end face of the back-pull chuck (1) is fixedly connected with a connecting piece (4), the front end of the connecting piece (4) is connected with a positioning seat (2) through a spring (5), three rolling bodies (3) are uniformly distributed on the front end face of the positioning seat (2) along the circumferential direction of the front end face, rolling friction force between a workpiece (8) and the rolling bodies (3) is smaller than sliding friction force between the workpiece (8) and a push rod (9), and the diameter of the rolling bodies (3) is smaller than the distance between two adjacent convex claws on the end face of the workpiece;
the connecting piece (4) comprises a connecting piece body connected to the front end face of the back-pull chuck (1) through a bolt, one end of the connecting piece body extends into a central hole of the back-pull chuck (1), the other end of the connecting piece body extends outwards, and a first concave cavity (40) recessed inwards is formed in the end part of one outwards extending end;
an inward concave second cavity is formed in the positioning seat (2) towards the end part of one end of the connecting piece (4), one end of the connecting piece (4) extending outwards extends into the second cavity, one end of the spring (5) is abutted to the bottom of the first cavity (40), and the other end of the spring is abutted to the bottom of the second cavity;
an elongated groove (41) is formed in the periphery of the connecting piece (4) at a position corresponding to the first concave cavity (40), a guide screw (6) is arranged on the positioning seat (2) along the radial direction of the positioning seat, and the end part of the guide screw (6) extends into the elongated groove (41) and can move back and forth along the elongated groove (41).
2. The adaptive positioning jig according to claim 1, wherein: a groove is formed in the end face, facing the connecting piece (4), of the positioning seat (2), and a sealing piece (21) is arranged in the groove.
3. The adaptive positioning jig according to claim 2, wherein: the outer end surface of the sealing element (21) is provided with barbs which are inclined inwards along the axis of the sealing element.
4. An adaptive positioning jig according to claim 3, wherein: a first breathing hole (42) is formed in the connecting piece (4) along the axial direction of the connecting piece, one end of the first breathing hole (42) is communicated with the first concave cavity (40), and the other end of the first breathing hole is communicated with the outside through a second breathing hole (10) in the back-pull chuck (1).
5. The adaptive positioning jig according to claim 1, wherein: the rolling bodies (3) are balls or rollers.
6. The adaptive positioning jig according to claim 1, wherein: three claws (11) on the back-pull chuck (1) and three rolling bodies (3) are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910748599.XA CN110421187B (en) | 2019-08-14 | 2019-08-14 | Self-adaptive positioning clamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910748599.XA CN110421187B (en) | 2019-08-14 | 2019-08-14 | Self-adaptive positioning clamp |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110421187A CN110421187A (en) | 2019-11-08 |
| CN110421187B true CN110421187B (en) | 2024-04-12 |
Family
ID=68414595
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910748599.XA Active CN110421187B (en) | 2019-08-14 | 2019-08-14 | Self-adaptive positioning clamp |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110421187B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112924148B (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2023-09-26 | 成都超德创科技有限公司 | Electromagnetic brake fatigue test device |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3344695A (en) * | 1966-08-01 | 1967-10-03 | Woodworth Co N A | Floating work driver chuck |
| US3623742A (en) * | 1969-09-04 | 1971-11-30 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Jaw chuck |
| US4824298A (en) * | 1986-10-23 | 1989-04-25 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Hand-held tool with detachable tool bit chuck |
| JPH06134607A (en) * | 1992-10-26 | 1994-05-17 | Sandvik Kk | Exchanging device for work and chuck, etc., of machine tool |
| JP2003019608A (en) * | 2001-07-05 | 2003-01-21 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Work holding tool for lathe |
| JP2003251506A (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-09 | Nsk Ltd | Workpiece holding device |
| CN105397126A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-16 | 常州南车汽车零部件有限公司 | Floating pushing chuck and clamping method thereof |
| CN210254323U (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2020-04-07 | 重庆第二机床厂有限责任公司 | Self-adaptive positioning fixture |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2896713B1 (en) * | 2006-02-02 | 2010-01-22 | Amyot Ets Sa | TOOL HOLDER CHUCK FOR THE EQUIPMENT OF A ROTATING MACHINE |
-
2019
- 2019-08-14 CN CN201910748599.XA patent/CN110421187B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3344695A (en) * | 1966-08-01 | 1967-10-03 | Woodworth Co N A | Floating work driver chuck |
| US3623742A (en) * | 1969-09-04 | 1971-11-30 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Jaw chuck |
| US4824298A (en) * | 1986-10-23 | 1989-04-25 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Hand-held tool with detachable tool bit chuck |
| JPH06134607A (en) * | 1992-10-26 | 1994-05-17 | Sandvik Kk | Exchanging device for work and chuck, etc., of machine tool |
| JP2003019608A (en) * | 2001-07-05 | 2003-01-21 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Work holding tool for lathe |
| JP2003251506A (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-09 | Nsk Ltd | Workpiece holding device |
| CN105397126A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-16 | 常州南车汽车零部件有限公司 | Floating pushing chuck and clamping method thereof |
| CN210254323U (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2020-04-07 | 重庆第二机床厂有限责任公司 | Self-adaptive positioning fixture |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110421187A (en) | 2019-11-08 |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20240228 Address after: 400072 No. 6 Jiangxi Road, Nanan District, Chongqing Applicant after: CHONGQING MACHINE TOOL (Group) Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: No. 6, Jiangxi Road, Nanan District, Chongqing City, Chongqing Applicant before: CHONGQING NO.2 MACHINE TOOL WORKS Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |
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