A kind of multiphase flow process intensification reactor
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of chemical equipment, and in particular to a kind of multiphase flow process intensification reactor.
Background technique
Chemical, chemical field heterophase reactor structure directly determines the depth and rate of chemical reaction, for quick
Or for transient chemical reaction, the mass transfer rate between multi-phase reactants determines the overall rate of chemical reaction.Especially
For temperature controlled reaction, reaction heat is timely supplemented or takes away, for control reaction conversion ratio and target product
Selectivity has great importance.
For traditional quickly or for transient response, mass transfer rate is largely determined by the heterogeneous reaction that gas participates in
Double membrane mass transfers control of liquid-vapor interface, liquid-solid boundary.In traditional reactor, the mixture of vapor-liquid two phases or airwater mist cooling
In system, bubble diameter is generally millimeter or Centimeter Level, and the area so as to cause whole phase interface is smaller, mixes not between multiphase
Uniformly, mass-transfer efficiency is low, finally makes overall chemical reaction insufficient, the residence time of reactant is long in device, material consumption, energy
Consumption is high, and the treating capacity of unit volume reactor is low, and the processing cost of unit product is higher.To promote mass-and heat-transfer efficiency, tubulation
Formula reactor is more satisfactory consersion unit, it has been disclosed that patent CN201310359167, CN201810520389 passes through design
The technical solutions such as reactor component structure, tubulation arrangement mode and angle optimize traditional shell and tube reactor, but pass
Matter, heat transfer efficiency do not improve substantially.Publication CN201310359167 has delivered a kind of anti-by tubulation aperture raising
The reactor of mass-and heat-transfer is answered, but it is still insufficient with the technical solution efficiency that macroscopical open-celled structure is realized, there is very big mention
Between lift-off.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide one kind can strengthen gas-liquid-solid, gas-liquid reaction mass-transfer efficiency from microcosmic point,
And then solve the multiphase flow process intensification reactor of above-mentioned realistic problem.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: offer first charging aperture including lower end, side wall is opened
The shell that discharge port is offered equipped with second charging aperture, upper end is sequentially installed with upper sealing plate and lower envelope from top to bottom in shell
Shell is separated into the first material chamber being connected with first charging aperture, the centre being connected with second charging aperture by plate, upper and lower sealing plate
Chamber and the reaction chamber being connected with discharge port, and the column that several tube walls offer micro-or nano size duct are installed in intermediate cavity
It manages, the gap between each tubulation forms reactor cavity, and lower sealing plate corresponding with tubulation is offered on the lower sealing plate
Hole, the upper sealing plate are to offer the aperture sealing plate in upper sealing plate corresponding with tubulation hole or corresponding with tubulation to be provided with
The tubulation head plate of tubulation end socket.
The material flow that the first charging aperture enters is gas phase, liquid phase or gas-liquid mixed phase without solid particle.
The material flow that the second charging aperture enters is gas phase, liquid phase or gas-liquid mixed phase without solid particle.
The aperture in the micro-or nano size duct of the tubulation tube wall is 10nm~300 μm
The aperture in the micro-or nano size duct of the tubulation tube wall is 10nm~100 μm.
The aperture in the micro-or nano size duct of the tubulation tube wall is 10nm~200nm.
The diameter in the upper sealing plate hole and lower sealing plate hole is less than or equal to the diameter of corresponding tubulation.
The tubulation end socket diameter is more than or equal to the diameter of corresponding tubulation.
Contain solid catalyst support plate in the tubulation, and also loads solid catalyst particle in tubulation.
Based on the present invention apply disclosed in a kind of multiphase flow process intensification reactor, with conventional solution-air, it is gas-liquid-solid instead
It answers device to compare, can produce following effective effect:
1) micro-or nano size duct is offered on tubulation due to the present invention, strengthens gas-liquid-solid, solution-air from microcosmic point
The mass-transfer efficiency of reaction improves reactor liquid phase mass-transfer efficiency;
2) nanoscale, micron order, the microlayer model of submicron order, microbubble can be formed in multiphase flow process intensification reactor,
The microcosmic mass transfer time can be foreshortened within the scope of the time scale of 0.01-0.001s, significantly improve the change controlled by diffusion mass transfer
It learns and reacts macroscopical rate;
3) phase interface existing for script is made by waterpower, mechanical force collaboration between reactant in multiphase flow process intensification reactor
If uniformly being mixed between each component in reaction system with dry reaction infinitesimal is cut into, hot localised points can be effectively suppressed, it is easier to realize anti-
Answer the reasonable layout of area's temperature gradient;
4) since microcosmic transmittance process is greatly optimized, the technical indicators such as raw material availability, product distribution, space-time yield
It is greatly improved and optimizes compared to conventional reactor.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of sealing plate 6 under the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of upper sealing plate 5 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is another structural schematic diagram of upper sealing plate 5 of the present invention.
In figure, 1, first charging aperture, 2, second charging aperture, 3, discharge port 3, shell 4,411, reactor cavity, 412, anti-
Answer chamber, 413, intermediate cavity, the 414, first material chamber, upper sealing plate 5,51, tubulation head plate, 511, the hole of tubulation head plate, 512,
Tubulation end socket, 52, aperture sealing plate, 521, upper sealing plate hole, 6, lower sealing plate, 611, lower sealing plate hole, 7, tubulation.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 1,2,3, the present invention include lower end offers first charging aperture 1, side wall offers second charging aperture 2, on
End offers the shell 4 of discharge port 3, is sequentially installed with upper sealing plate 5 and lower sealing plate 6, upper and lower sealing plate from top to bottom in shell 4
5,6 shell 4 is separated into the first material chamber 414 being connected with first charging aperture, the intermediate cavity 413 being connected with second charging aperture
The reaction chamber 412 being connected with discharge port, and being equipped with several tube walls to offer aperture in intermediate cavity 413 is 50~100nm
Micro-or nano size duct tubulation 7, solid catalyst support plate is contained in the tubulation 7, and also load solid in tubulation 7
Catalyst granules, the gap between each tubulation 7 form reactor cavity 411, offer on the lower sealing plate 6 and tubulation 7
Corresponding diameter is less than or equal to the lower sealing plate hole 611 of corresponding 7 diameter of tubulation, offers on the upper sealing plate 5 opposite with tubulation 7
The diameter answered is less than or equal to the aperture sealing plate 52 with upper sealing plate hole 521 of corresponding 7 diameter of tubulation.
The fluid material of second charging aperture 2 enters after reactor cavity 411 across the micro-or nano size hole of 7 tube wall of tubulation
Road is sprayed to fluid material tubulation 7 inside and entered in tubulation 7 through the lower sealing plate hole 611 of first charging aperture 1 and lower sealing plate 6
The raw reaction of hybrid concurrency, is then expelled in reaction chamber 412 from 7 other end of tubulation through the upper sealing plate hole 521 of aperture sealing plate 52, most
Reactor is discharged from discharge port 3 afterwards, wherein the material flow that the first and second feed inlet 1,2 enters be gas phase without solid particle,
Liquid phase or gas-liquid mixed phase.
According to the reactor design of embodiment 1, carry out distillate hydrogenation experiment.Wherein sulfur-containing diesel (S content 867ppm)
Fluid enters after reactor, enters and is filled in commercialization diesel oil hydrofining Clover-shaped catalyzer bed, and reacts
Device cavity enters through the hydrogen that tubulation tube wall nano pore enters in tubulation and diesel oil hydrofining reaction occurs, and then produces
Object and unreacted hydrogen are discharged by outlet together.The experimental results showed that reactor of the present invention is real in distillate hydrogenation technology
Showed efficient application, S content 9.5ppm in product natural gas has reached state VI finished diesel fuel sulfur content standard, while with biography
The fixed bed reactors of system are compared, and hydrogen-oil ratio (volume ratio) reduces 60~90%, realize quantitative hydrogen supply substantially, and can remove
The circulating hydrogen compressor in traditional fixed bed hydrogenation technical matters is sold, energy consumption is successively reduced.In addition, same reactor volume is anti-
It answers object air speed to significantly improve more than half, to be obviously improved the processing capacity of identical scale reaction device, integrally realizes energy conservation
Consumption reduction.
Embodiment 2:
Referring to Fig. 1,2,4, the upper sealing plate 5 of the present embodiment is provided with diameter corresponding with tubulation 7 more than or equal to respective column
The tubulation head plate 51 with tubulation end socket 512 of 7 diameter of pipe, wherein the aperture in the micro-or nano size duct on tubulation 7 is 100
~450nm.Other structures are the same as embodiment 1.
The present embodiment tubulation head plate 51 completely encloses one end of all tubulations 7, and keeps reactor cavity 411 and anti-
It answers and is connected to completely between chamber 412, form the hole 511 of tubulation head plate.1 fluid material of first charging aperture passes through lower sealing plate 6
Lower sealing plate hole 611 enters in tubulation 7, sprays then across the micro-or nano size duct of 7 tube wall of tubulation to reactor cavity 411
It is interior, it is reacted with the fluid material hybrid concurrency life that second charging aperture 2 enters in reactor cavity 411, then from the tubulation of tubulation 7
The hole 511 of head plate is expelled in reaction chamber 412, and reactor finally is discharged from discharge port 3.
According to the reactor design of embodiment 2, carry out hydramine method selexol process decarburization experiment.Wherein contain high hydrogen sulfide
With the natural gas (H of carbon dioxide2S content 6.4wt%, CO2Content 4.5wt%) tubulation is entered later from tubulation wall nano-pore
Road is sprayed into the alkanolamine solution (MDEA, 40wt%) between tubulation, and gas-liquid volume ratio (status of criterion) reaches 580v/v, and
Selexol process decarburizing reaction occurs in tubulation, hydramine rich solution and purified natural gas are discharged by outlet together, and are separated.It is real
Test the result shows that, reactor of the present invention realizes efficient application in natural gas wet desulphurization decarburization technique, in product natural gas
H2S content 5.1ppm, CO2Content 2.8wt% has reached H in a national class natural gas2S and CO2Content standard (GB 17820-
2018), while compared with traditional packed tower, board-like tower reactor, under same treatment amount, due to reactor liquid phase of the present invention
Mass-transfer efficiency is high, and 1/2 to 1/3 (difference due to content of sour gas in natural gas is different) is obviously reduced in reactor size.In addition,
It is able to achieve highly selective efficient depth and takes off H2S, the de- CO of appropriateness2Effect, to effectively reduce unit sour gas (H2S、CO2)
The consumption of hydramine liquid, to significantly reduce the energy consumption of hydramine rich solution regenerative system.
The aperture in the micro-or nano size duct on the tubulation 7 of embodiment 2 is used into 450nm~1 μm.It is anti-to carry out C4 alkylation
It should test.Wherein the catalyst concentrated sulfuric acid is sprayed from the micro-nano duct of tubulation wall to the iso-butane between tubulation after entering tubulation
In 2- butylene mixed raw material (alkane alkene ratio is 8) fluid, catalyzing iso-butane alkane and 2- butylene react, and generate a large amount of trimethyl
Pentane, subsequent product and unreacted fluid are mutually discharged by outlet together.The experimental results showed that reactor of the present invention is in C4 alkyl
Efficient application is realized in change technology, the octane number of product is up to 96~102, C8 selectively more than 50wt%, can be used as height
Quality gasoline blend component.In addition, the residence time of the catalyst concentrated sulfuric acid and alkane alkene mixture Two Liquid Phases in reactor is by passing
System C4 alkylation reactor is reduced within 1 minute for 30 minutes, so that the processing capacity of device is greatly improved, to effectively drop
The low energy consumption and material consumption of production unit alkylate oil.
It is anti-that multiphase flow reactor of the invention can be applied to gas-liquid-solid reaction, vapor-liquid two phases reaction and liquid-liquid
It answers.
The multiphase flow reactor can be applied to wet process selexol process decarburizing reaction, C4 alkylated reaction, anthraquinone life
Produce hydrogen peroxide reaction, n butane oxidation prepares cis-butenedioic anhydride reaction, the reaction of methylbenzene oxidation reaction, distillate hydrogenation, propenecarbonyl
Synthesize octyl alconyl reaction, cationic polymerization and ethylene polymerization.