CN110416057B - Photomultiplier shielding structure and signal detection device - Google Patents
Photomultiplier shielding structure and signal detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110416057B CN110416057B CN201910711892.9A CN201910711892A CN110416057B CN 110416057 B CN110416057 B CN 110416057B CN 201910711892 A CN201910711892 A CN 201910711892A CN 110416057 B CN110416057 B CN 110416057B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/02—Details
- G01J1/0295—Constructional arrangements for removing other types of optical noise or for performing calibration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J43/00—Secondary-emission tubes; Electron-multiplier tubes
- H01J43/04—Electron multipliers
- H01J43/28—Vessels, e.g. wall of the tube; Windows; Screens; Suppressing undesired discharges or currents
Abstract
The invention provides a signal detection device, which is used for detecting weak light signals and comprises a first shell, a photomultiplier and a photomultiplier shielding structure for shielding the photomultiplier. The first shell is provided with a mounting groove. The photomultiplier shielding structure comprises a shielding cylinder, one end of the shielding cylinder is inserted into the mounting groove, the photomultiplier is accommodated in the shielding cylinder, a photomultiplier tube seat of the photomultiplier is located at one end of the shielding cylinder, which deviates from the first shell, and the shielding cylinder has a magnetic field shielding effect. The invention also provides a photomultiplier shielding structure. According to the invention, the shielding cylinder with a shielding effect is arranged outside the photomultiplier, so that a magnetic field in the working environment of the photomultiplier can be shielded, the performance of the photomultiplier is prevented from being influenced, and the detection accuracy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photomultiplier tube packaging, in particular to a photomultiplier tube shielding structure and a signal detection device with the photomultiplier tube shielding structure.
Background
Photomultiplier tubes are important detectors for micro-light measurements, particularly extreme weak light detection techniques. The photomultiplier tube plays an extremely important role in high-tech fields such as life sciences, biochemistry, precision analysis, opto-mechanical-electrical integration and the like. However, since the photomultiplier tube is sensitive to a magnetic field, it is desirable to use the photomultiplier tube in an environment where no magnetic field exists, and particularly, to avoid the photomultiplier tube from being close to a power transformer, a magnet, or the like. However, in some instruments and devices in the prior art, certain electromagnetic fields are generated when circuits or components inside the instruments and devices work, and cannot be avoided in space, which all affect the accuracy of the photomultiplier in detecting optical signals.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a shielding structure of a photomultiplier tube capable of isolating a magnetic field in a working environment of the photomultiplier tube, and a signal detection apparatus having the shielding structure of the photomultiplier tube.
The invention provides a photomultiplier tube shielding structure which is arranged on a first shell and used for shielding a photomultiplier tube, wherein the first shell is provided with a mounting groove, the photomultiplier tube shielding structure comprises a shielding cylinder, one end of the shielding cylinder is inserted into the mounting groove, the photomultiplier tube is accommodated in the shielding cylinder, a photomultiplier tube seat of the photomultiplier tube is positioned at one end of the shielding cylinder, which is far away from the first shell, and the shielding cylinder has a magnetic field shielding effect.
The invention also provides a signal detection device for detecting weak light signals, which comprises a first shell, a photomultiplier and the photomultiplier shielding structure, wherein the first shell is provided with a mounting groove, the photomultiplier shielding structure comprises a shielding cylinder, one end of the shielding cylinder is inserted and embedded into the mounting groove, the photomultiplier is accommodated in the shielding cylinder, a photomultiplier tube seat of the photomultiplier is positioned at one end of the shielding cylinder, which is far away from the first shell, and the shielding cylinder has a magnetic field shielding effect.
According to the photomultiplier shielding structure and the signal detection device provided by the invention, the shielding cylinder with the magnetic field shielding function is arranged outside the photomultiplier, so that an electromagnetic field generated inside the signal detection device can be shielded, the influence of the magnetic field in a working environment on the performance of the photomultiplier is avoided, and the accuracy of the photomultiplier in detecting the optical signal is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a signal detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a perspective exploded view of the signal detection device of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a perspective exploded view of the other viewing angle of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the signal detection device in fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing a frame connection of the signal detection apparatus of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a signal detection device 100 for detecting a weak light signal, wherein the signal detection device 100 includes a first housing 11, a second housing 12 and two third housings 13. Specifically, the first shell 11 and the second shell 12 are disposed opposite to each other, the second shell 12 is located above the first shell 11, and the two third shells 13 are respectively connected to the first shell 11 and the second shell 12 from the left and right sides in a folding manner. The first shell 11, the second shell 12 and the two third shells 13 are enclosed to form an accommodating space. The signal detection device 100 further comprises a photomultiplier tube shielding structure accommodated in the accommodating space, a photomultiplier tube 20 arranged in the photomultiplier tube shielding structure, a signal processing board 30, a counting board 40, a high-voltage board 50 and a pressure dividing board 55. Specifically, the counting plate 40 and the high pressure plate 50 are both installed between the first casing 11 and the second casing 12; the signal processing board 30 is mounted on a side of the second housing 12 facing the first housing 11; the pressure dividing plate 55 is mounted on a side of the signal processing plate 30 away from the photomultiplier tube holder 25. Specifically, the photomultiplier tube shielding structure is installed on the first housing 11 for shielding the photomultiplier tube 20, the photomultiplier tube shielding structure includes a shielding cylinder 60 having a magnetic field shielding effect, the photomultiplier tube 20 is accommodated in the shielding cylinder 60, and the photosensitive surface of the photomultiplier tube 20 faces the first housing 11. Specifically, a mounting groove 118 is formed in one side of the first housing 11 facing the second housing 12, one end of the shielding cylinder 60 is inserted into the mounting groove 118, the photomultiplier tube holder 25 of the photomultiplier tube 20 is located at one end of the shielding cylinder 60 away from the first housing 11, and the photomultiplier tube holder 25 is electrically connected to the signal processing board 30.
In the present invention, the shielding cylinder 60 having a magnetic field shielding function is disposed outside the photomultiplier tube 20, so as to shield the magnetic field in the working environment of the photomultiplier tube 20, that is, the electromagnetic field generated by the signal processing board 30, the counting board 40, the high voltage board 50 and the voltage dividing board 55 in the signal detection device 100 during working, so as to prevent the performance of the photomultiplier tube 20 from being affected, thereby ensuring the accuracy of detection.
It should be noted that a light-transmitting portion 112 is disposed at a position of the first housing 11 corresponding to the light-sensing surface of the photomultiplier tube 20, so that the light to be measured can be detected by the light-sensing surface of the photomultiplier tube 20. In this embodiment, the light-transmitting portion 112 is a light-transmitting hole embedded with optical glass, so that the light to be measured can be transmitted, and dirt such as dust can be prevented from entering the device and adhering to the photosensitive surface of the photomultiplier tube 20.
In other embodiments, the light transmitting hole may not be provided with optical glass, or the light transmitting portion 122 is formed by integrally processing a transparent material with the first housing 11.
Preferably, the diameter of the light-transmitting portion 112 is greater than or equal to the diameter of the light-sensing surface of the photomultiplier tube 2, so as to ensure that the optical signals transmitted through the light-transmitting portion 112 can be detected by the light-sensing surface of the photomultiplier tube 20.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the first housing 11, the second housing 12, and the two third housings 13 may be detachably connected by any means such as screwing or clipping. In this embodiment, the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are substantially rectangular, the two third housings 13 are U-shaped and have opposite openings, the upper and lower ends of the two third housings 13 are respectively screwed and fixed to the first housing 11 and the second housing 12, the first housing 11, the second housing 12 and the two third housings 13 enclose a rectangular accommodating space, and the signal detection device 100 is substantially box-shaped.
In other embodiments, the first housing 11, the second housing 12, and the two third housings 13 may have other reasonable shapes, for example, the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are substantially circular, the two third housings 13 are semi-cylindrical, the first housing 11, the second housing 12, and the two third housings 13 enclose to form a cylindrical receiving space, and the signal detection device 100 is substantially cylindrical.
Preferably, the first casing 11, the second casing 12 and the third casing 13 are electromagnetic shielding shells or are provided with electromagnetic shielding layers, so that the accommodating space becomes an electromagnetic shielding space, and the photomultiplier tube 20, the signal processing board 30, the counting board 40 and the like in the accommodating space are not interfered by external electromagnetic radiation.
Wherein the electromagnetic shielding shell is a metal shell, a high-permeability material shell or a conductive plastic shell; the electromagnetic shielding layer is a high-permeability material layer sprayed on the whole shell or a metal material layer attached to the whole shell. In this embodiment, the first housing 11, the second housing 12 and the third housing 13 are light-tight metal shells, so that the photomultiplier tube 20 is not only not interfered by external electromagnetic radiation, but also not affected by external light.
Further preferably, a light blocking sheet 135 is disposed on the third housing 13 to prevent external light from entering the accommodating space through a gap between the two third housings 13. In this embodiment, two opposite inner sides of the right third casing 13 are respectively provided with one light blocking sheet 135 at positions close to the edge of the opening. When the two third housings 13 are connected in a closed manner, the two light blocking pieces 135 are located in a gap between the two third housings 13, so that external light can be prevented from entering the accommodating space, and the photomultiplier tube 20 is prevented from being affected.
In other embodiments, the two light blocking sheets 135 may be respectively disposed at two opposite outer sides of the right third casing 13 near the opening edge, or respectively disposed at two opposite sides of the right third casing 13 and at an inner side and an outer side.
In other embodiments, the two light blocking sheets 135 may be respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the left third housing 13, and may be two inner sides, two outer sides, or one inner side and one outer side.
In other embodiments, the two light blocking sheets 135 may also be disposed on the two third housings 13 respectively and located at two opposite sides, and similarly, the two light blocking sheets may be two inner sides, two outer sides, or one inner side and one outer side.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the signal processing board 30, the counting board 40 and the high pressure board 50 are detachably fixed to the corresponding housing by any means of screwing, clamping, etc. In this embodiment, the signal processing board 30, the counting board 40 and the high pressure board 50 are fixed on the corresponding housing by screws.
Specifically, one side of the first housing 11 is provided with a mounting post 114, the other side of the first housing 11 opposite to the mounting post is provided with a boss 116, the mounting groove 118 is opened on the boss 116, and the inner bottom surface of the mounting groove 118 is provided with the light-transmitting portion 112. One end of the counting plate 40 is screwed on the mounting column 114, and the other end opposite to the counting plate 40 is electrically connected to the signal processing plate 30; one end of the high pressure plate 50 is screwed to the side of the boss 116 facing the mounting portion 114, and the other end of the high pressure plate 50 opposite to the mounting portion is electrically connected to the signal processing board 30. The signal processing board 30 is fixed on the second shell 12 in a threaded manner and is parallel to the second shell 12 and the first shell 11, the photomultiplier tube seat 25 is arranged on one side of the signal processing board 30 facing the first shell 11, and the photomultiplier tube 20 is inserted into the photomultiplier tube seat 25. The photomultiplier 20, the counting plate 40 and the high-pressure plate 50 are all perpendicular to the signal processing plate 30, and the high-pressure plate 50 is located between the photomultiplier 20 and the counting plate 40.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the pressure dividing plate 55 is provided with a plurality of pins, and the pressure dividing plate 55 is fixed on a side of the signal processing plate 30 away from the photomultiplier tube seat 25 by inserting, and corresponds to the position of the photomultiplier tube seat 25. The second housing 12 is provided with a containing cavity 121, and the pressure distributing plate 55 is contained in the containing cavity 121.
In this embodiment, the photomultiplier 20, the signal processing board 30, the counting board 40, the high-pressure board 50, and the sub-pressure board 55 are reasonably arranged, so that the signal detection device 100 has a compact overall structure and occupies a small space.
The photomultiplier tube 20, the counter plate 40, the high pressure plate 50 and the pressure divider plate 55 are electrically connected to the signal processing plate 30, respectively.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the pins of the photomultiplier tube holder 25 are welded to the signal processing board 30 and electrically connected thereto, and the pins of the photomultiplier tube 20 are inserted into the photomultiplier tube holder 25 and electrically connected to the signal processing board 30; the signal processing board 30 is provided with a plurality of connectors with slots, the counting board 40, the high-pressure board 50 and the pressure dividing board 55 are provided with corresponding pins, and the counting board 40, the high-pressure board 50 and the pressure dividing board 55 are inserted into the corresponding connectors through the pins and are electrically connected to the signal processing board 30. In this embodiment, each circuit board adopts the connected mode electricity of grafting to connect, is favorable to the installation and the change of circuit board.
In other embodiments, the counting plate 40, the high pressure plate 50 and the sub-pressure plate 55 may be electrically connected to the signal processing plate 30 by a welding connection.
It should be noted that, a corresponding circuit is disposed on the signal processing board 30, and after the voltage dividing board 55 is electrically connected to the signal processing board 30, the voltage dividing board 55 is electrically connected to the photomultiplier tube holder 25 and the high-voltage board 50 through the corresponding circuit.
The high-voltage board 50 is provided with electronic components such as a transformer, the electronic components, the high-voltage board 50 and a voltage dividing board 55 electrically connected with the high-voltage board 50 together form a high-voltage module, after the high-voltage module is connected with a power supply, the high-voltage board 50 boosts a low voltage provided by the power supply into a high voltage through the transformer, the voltage dividing board 55 divides the high voltage generated by the high-voltage board 50 into a plurality of potentials according to a certain voltage dividing proportion, and further applies the potentials to pins corresponding to the photomultiplier 20 through the photomultiplier tube base 25, so that the photomultiplier 20 can normally work.
In the present invention, the voltage divider 55 is connected to the side of the signal processing board 30 away from the photomultiplier tube base 25 through a connector, which can reduce the overall complexity and space occupation of the device compared to the prior art in which a voltage divider is built in.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the signal processing board 30 is provided with a signal processing circuit 31, and the counting board 40 is provided with a counting circuit 41. The signal processing circuit 31 can process the output signal of the photomultiplier tube 20, and the counting circuit 41 can count the number according to the processing result of the signal processing circuit 31.
Specifically, the high voltage module, the photomultiplier tube 20, the signal processing circuit 31, and the counter circuit 41 are electrically connected in sequence. When the photoelectric detector works, the high-voltage module provides working voltage for the photomultiplier tube 20, and the photomultiplier tube 20 starts to detect weak light signals and converts the light signals into electric signals; then, the signal processing circuit 31 acquires the electrical signal, performs processing such as amplification, discrimination, a/D conversion, and the like, and then outputs a pulse signal for counting; finally, the counting circuit 41 counts the number of the pulse signals after acquiring the pulse signals.
In the invention, the signal processing board 30, the counting board 40 and the high-pressure board 50 are respectively fixed on corresponding shells, the photomultiplier tube 20 and the pressure dividing board 55 are installed on the signal processing board 30 and located at two opposite sides of the signal processing board 30, the photomultiplier tube 20, the high-pressure board 50 and the counting board 40 are adjacently arranged between the first shell 11 and the second shell 12, all the components are reasonably arranged, the whole structure is compact, and the occupied space is small; moreover, the photomultiplier tube 20, the counting plate 40, the high pressure plate 50 and the pressure dividing plate 55 are electrically connected to the signal processing plate 30 in a plug-in or welded connection manner, and are directly interconnected with each other, so that the signal transmission path is short, the loss is small, and the transmission is stable, thereby ensuring the accuracy of signal detection. In addition, the housing of the signal detection apparatus 100 is made of electromagnetic shielding, so that interference of an external electromagnetic field can be shielded, and the accuracy of signal detection can be further ensured.
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 6, the signal detecting device 100 further includes a communication interface 35 disposed on a side of the signal processing board 30 away from the first housing 11, and the counting board 30 is further provided with a control circuit 42 and a parameter adjusting circuit 43. The control circuit 42 is electrically connected to the counting circuit 41 and the parameter adjusting circuit 43, and the parameter adjusting circuit 43 is also electrically connected to the signal processing circuit 31 and the high voltage module.
It should be noted that, the signal processing board 30 is provided with corresponding circuits, and after the signal processing board 30 is electrically connected to the counting board 40, the control circuit 42 on the counting board 40 can be electrically connected to the communication interface 35 on the signal processing board 30, so that the control circuit 42 can be connected to the external upper computer 200 through a connection line plugged in the communication interface 35 to implement data transmission and parameter adjustment.
A wiring cavity 123 is disposed at a position of the second housing 12 corresponding to the communication interface 35, an opening 125 for exposing the communication interface 35 is formed at the bottom of the wiring cavity 123, and a connection line can be inserted into the communication interface 35 from the opening 125.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, a lead groove 127 is formed on one side of the wiring cavity 121, the wiring cavity 123 is shielded by a cover 37, and the lead groove 127 is partially exposed. The cover 37 can protect the communication interface 35 in the wiring cavity 123 and can play a role of dust prevention, and the connecting wires can be led out from the exposed part of the lead slot 127.
The communication interface 35 is preferably a digital signal interface. When the digital signal interface transmits signals through the connecting line, the signal anti-interference capacity is high, and extra anti-interference protection measures are not needed.
Specifically, after the counting circuit 41 finishes counting, the control circuit 42 can obtain a counting result and output a corresponding digital signal, the digital signal is transmitted to the upper computer 200 through the communication interface 35, and the display screen of the upper computer 200 can display the relevant data of the weak light signal detected by the photomultiplier 20.
It should be noted that the signal detection apparatus 100 is further provided with a power interface for connecting with an external power source, and the power source provides electric energy required by the operation of the signal detection apparatus 100. Preferably, in this embodiment, the power interface and the communication interface 35 share a port and are exposed at the opening 125, and the power interface and the communication interface 35 share a port, so that the occupied space can be reduced, and the structure is more compact.
Further, after obtaining the relevant data, the user may determine whether the operating parameters of the signal detection apparatus 100 need to be calibrated, for example, whether the operating voltage of the photomultiplier tube 20 is normal, or whether the parameters when the signal processing circuit 31 processes the output electrical signal of the photomultiplier tube 20 are correct. Specifically, when parameter adjustment is needed, a user inputs calibration information through the upper computer 200, the calibration information is fed back to the control circuit 42 through the communication interface 35, and the control circuit 42 controls the parameter adjustment circuit 43 to perform corresponding parameter adjustment on the signal processing circuit 31 or the high-voltage module after acquiring the calibration information.
In the invention, a user can directly calibrate the signal detection device 100 through the upper computer 200 without detaching the shell of the signal detection device 100, so the operation is simple and convenient, the efficiency is high, and the repeated calibration is convenient.
It is understood that the housing of the signal detection device 100 can only shield the external electromagnetic field, but the circuits inside the signal detection device 100 and the transformer in the high voltage module also generate a certain electromagnetic field during operation, and the photomultiplier tube 20 is subjected to a certain interference, which may cause inaccurate signal detection. In the present invention, by disposing the shielding cylinder 60 having a magnetic field shielding function outside the photomultiplier tube 20, the magnetic field generated inside the signal detection apparatus 100 can be shielded to prevent the performance of the photomultiplier tube 20 from being affected, thereby ensuring the accuracy of detection.
Specifically, the shielding cylinder 60 is made of a material with high magnetic permeability, and the material with high magnetic permeability is one of iron, permalloy, ferronickel alloy and silicon steel alloy. In this embodiment, the shielding cylinder is made of permalloy.
Wherein the inner diameter of the shielding cylinder 60 is larger than the diameter of the photomultiplier tube 20. The inner diameter of the shielding cylinder 60 is slightly larger to facilitate the insertion of the photomultiplier tube 20 into the shielding cylinder 60. Furthermore, when the photomultiplier tube 20 is inserted into the shielding tube 60, a gap is left between the photomultiplier tube 20 and the shielding tube 60 to prevent the photomultiplier tube 20 from being damaged due to hard contact between the photomultiplier tube 20 and the shielding tube 60 when the signal detection device 100 is shaken.
Wherein, the shielding cylinder 60 is at least sprayed with an insulating material on the outer surface to form an insulating layer, so as to realize electric shielding. Preferably, in this embodiment, the shielding cylinder 60 has insulating layers formed on both the inner and outer surfaces thereof, so as to prevent the insulating layer on one of the surfaces from falling off and causing the failure of the electric shielding.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the photomultiplier tube shielding structure further includes a first buffer pad 70 and/or a second buffer pad 80 in a ring shape, and the first buffer pad 70 and the second buffer pad 80 are respectively used for filling and sealing a gap between two opposite ends of the photomultiplier tube 20 and the shielding canister 60.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the shielding structure of the photomultiplier tube includes the first buffer pad 70 and the second buffer pad 80, so that the portion of the photomultiplier tube 20 outside the photosensitive surface is completely sealed, and the detection accuracy of the weak optical signal is improved.
Specifically, the first buffer pad 70 is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the photomultiplier tube seat 25, the first buffer pad 70 faces to the inner edge of one side of the shielding tube 60, a first annular boss 75 is axially and convexly arranged on the inner edge, the first annular boss 75 is embedded in the gap between the photomultiplier tube 20 and the upper end of the shielding tube 60, and one side of the first annular boss 75, which is convexly arranged on the first buffer pad 70, abuts against the end surface of the upper end of the shielding tube 60.
Specifically, the second buffer pad 80 is inserted into one end of the shielding tube 60 departing from the photomultiplier tube base 25, the second buffer pad 80 abuts against the edge of the end face of the photomultiplier tube 20, the outer peripheral surface of the second buffer pad 80 abuts against the inner peripheral surface of the shielding tube 60, a second annular boss 85 is axially and convexly arranged on the outer edge of one side of the second buffer pad 80 facing the photomultiplier tube 20, and the second annular boss 85 is embedded in a gap between the photomultiplier tube 20 and the lower end of the shielding tube 60.
Wherein, the first cushion pad 70 and the second cushion pad 80 are made of light-blocking soft materials. In this embodiment, the first cushion pad 70 and the second cushion pad 80 are made of black rubber.
Further, the photomultiplier tube shielding structure further includes an insulating sleeve 90 with openings at two ends, the insulating sleeve 90 is disposed in the mounting groove 118, a protruding portion 95 is convexly disposed radially inward at a port at a lower end of the insulating sleeve 90, the lower end of the shielding cylinder 60 is inserted into the insulating sleeve 90 from a port at an upper end of the insulating sleeve 90 and abuts against the protruding portion 95, and the insulating sleeve 90 is configured to prevent the shielding cylinder 60 from contacting the first housing 11 to cause the grounding of the shielding cylinder 60, so as to avoid an object at the ground potential from approaching the photomultiplier tube 20 in the shielding cylinder 60 to cause noise increase.
As described above, the photomultiplier tube shielding structure includes the shielding cylinder 60, the first buffer pad 70, the second buffer pad 80, and the insulating sheath 90. Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and 5, the installation steps are as follows:
the first step is as follows: firstly, arranging the insulating sleeve 90 in the mounting groove 118 of the first shell 11, and enabling the outer wall of the insulating sleeve 90 to be tightly attached to the inner wall of the mounting groove 118;
the second step is that: sleeving the second buffer cushion 80 at the lower end of the interior of the shielding cylinder 60, wherein the outer wall surface of the second buffer cushion 80 is tightly attached to the inner circumferential surface of the shielding cylinder 60;
the third step: inserting the shielding cylinder 60 into the insulating sleeve 90 until abutting against the protrusion 95 of the insulating sleeve 90;
the fourth step: sleeving the first buffer pad 70 on the outer circumferential surface of the photomultiplier tube seat 25 and slightly close to the second shell 12, and then inserting the photomultiplier tube 20 onto the photomultiplier tube seat 25;
the fifth step: inserting the photomultiplier tube 20 into the shielding tube 60 until the outer edge of the photosensitive surface of the photomultiplier tube 20 abuts against the side of the second cushion 80 where the second annular boss 85 is protruded, the second annular boss 85 being embedded in the gap between the photomultiplier tube 20 and the lower end of the shielding tube 60;
and a sixth step: the position of the first buffer pad 70 sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the photomultiplier tube holder 25 is adjusted downward until the side of the first buffer pad 70 where the first annular boss 75 is protruded abuts against the end surface of the upper end of the shielding tube 60, and the first annular boss 75 is embedded in the gap between the photomultiplier tube 20 and the upper end of the shielding tube 60, so that the installation is completed.
In the signal detection device 100 provided by the present invention, by providing the shielding structure outside the photomultiplier tube 20, the electromagnetic field generated inside the signal detection device 100 can be shielded, and the part of the photomultiplier tube 20 outside the light sensing surface is completely sealed, that is, the magnetic field and light in the working environment of the photomultiplier tube 20 are shielded, so as to prevent the performance of the photomultiplier tube 20 from being affected and ensure the accuracy of the output electrical signal of the photomultiplier tube 20. Furthermore, the photomultiplier tube 20, the counter plate 40 and the high-voltage plate 50 are electrically connected to the signal processing plate 30 in an inserting or welding connection manner, and are directly interconnected with each other, so that the signal transmission path is short, the loss is small, the transmission is stable, and the accuracy of signal detection is improved.
The foregoing is illustrative of embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the embodiments of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A photomultiplier shielding structure is arranged between a first shell and a second shell and used for shielding a photomultiplier, and is characterized in that a counting plate and a high-pressure plate are arranged on the first shell, an installation groove is also formed in the first shell, the photomultiplier shielding structure comprises a shielding cylinder, one end of the shielding cylinder is inserted into the installation groove, the photomultiplier is accommodated in the shielding cylinder, a photomultiplier tube seat of the photomultiplier is positioned at one end, away from the first shell, of the shielding cylinder and is electrically connected with a signal processing plate, and the shielding cylinder has a magnetic field shielding effect;
the second shell is arranged opposite to the first shell, one side of the second shell facing the first shell is provided with an accommodating cavity, a pressure distributing plate is arranged in the accommodating cavity,
the signal processing board is installed on one side, facing the first shell, of the second shell and parallel to the first shell, the shielding cylinder, the photomultiplier tube, the counting board and the high-pressure board are perpendicular to the signal processing board, and the voltage division board is electrically connected to one side, away from the photomultiplier tube, of the signal processing board.
2. The photomultiplier tube shielding structure of claim 1, wherein the shielding cylinder is made of a high magnetic permeability material, the high magnetic permeability material being one of permalloy, iron, nickel-iron alloy, silicon-steel alloy.
3. The photomultiplier tube shielding structure according to claim 1, wherein an inner diameter of the shielding cylinder is larger than a diameter of the photomultiplier tube, and a gap is left between the photomultiplier tube and the shielding cylinder when the photomultiplier tube is inserted into the shielding cylinder.
4. The photomultiplier tube shielding structure according to claim 3, further comprising a first buffer pad and/or a second buffer pad in the shape of a ring, the first buffer pad and the second buffer pad being used to fill and seal a gap between both ends of the photomultiplier tube opposite to the shielding canister, respectively.
5. The shielding structure of the photomultiplier according to claim 4, wherein the first buffer pad is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the photomultiplier tube holder, a first annular boss is protruded axially on a side of the first buffer pad facing the shielding tube, the first annular boss is embedded in a gap between the photomultiplier and the shielding tube, and a side of the first buffer pad where the first annular boss is protruded abuts against an end surface of the shielding tube.
6. The photomultiplier tube shielding structure according to claim 4, wherein the second buffer pad is inserted into an end of the shielding tube away from the photomultiplier tube base, the second buffer pad abuts against an end face edge of the photomultiplier tube, an outer circumferential surface of the second buffer pad abuts against an inner circumferential surface of the shielding tube, one side of the second buffer pad facing the photomultiplier tube is axially provided with a second annular boss in a protruding manner, and the second annular boss is embedded in a gap between the photomultiplier tube and the shielding tube.
7. The photomultiplier tube shielding structure according to claim 4, wherein the first buffer pad and the second buffer pad are made of a light-blocking soft material.
8. The photomultiplier tube shielding structure according to claim 1, further comprising an insulating sleeve having openings at both ends, wherein a port of one end of the insulating sleeve is provided with a protruding portion protruding radially inward, one end of the shielding sleeve away from the photomultiplier tube holder is inserted into the insulating sleeve and abuts against the protruding portion, and the insulating sleeve is used for preventing the shielding sleeve from being grounded.
9. The photomultiplier tube shielding structure according to claim 1, wherein the shielding cylinder is coated with an insulating material at least on an outer surface thereof to form an insulating layer for electrical shielding.
10. A signal detection device for detecting weak optical signals, comprising a first housing, a photomultiplier tube, and a photomultiplier tube shielding structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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