CN110414828A - The evaluation method of coal bed gas high yield reservoir - Google Patents
The evaluation method of coal bed gas high yield reservoir Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of evaluation methods of coal bed gas high yield reservoir, belong to CBM exploration and development technical field.The present invention passes through the selection of evaluation parameter, the acquisition of each evaluation parameter, coal reservoir fracture development characteristics parameter, effective stress parameter(s), the air content parameter that step 2 obtains once are evaluated referring to evaluation criterion, second evaluation is carried out to primary evaluation acquired results according to evaluation score criteria, respectively obtain characteristics of fracture development score value, effective stress score value, air content score value, according to formula Calculation Estimation result score value, finally the evaluation result score value being calculated is evaluated according to evaluation result standard, obtains coalbed methane reservoir evaluation result.The present invention has simplified evaluation parameter using high yield coal bed gas well as target, optimizes the acquisition methods of evaluation parameter, proposes evaluation criterion, establish evaluation method, has divided evaluation result.The present invention can develop service for the Efficient Exploration of coal bed gas.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to CBM exploration and development technical fields, and in particular to a kind of evaluation side of coal bed gas high yield reservoir
Method.
Background technique
Coal bed gas starts large-scale development in the U.S. of the 1970s as a kind of clear energy sources and is succeeded, huge
Big mine safety benefit, environmental protection benefit and resource potential being recognized gradually.Extraction is opened under China's coal bed gas well
Begin more early, but China's coal bed gas resource exploration and development just enters the preliminary industrialization stage after 2006.China in 2011
Methane output breaks through 10,000,000,000 m for the first time3, but then speedup slows down gradually, and is 18,000,000,000 m to coal bed gas extraction amount in 20153, state
2015 annual outputs, which are mentioned, in the associated documents that the Committee of Development and Reform, family puts into effect reaches 30,000,000,000 m3Target, be not able to achieve.National Energy Board
It proposes to reach 24,000,000,000 m to the year two thousand twenty yield in the associated documents of appearance3, wherein 10,000,000,000 m of ground coal bed gas yield3, coal mine watt
14,000,000,000 m of this extraction3, according to current yield, still can not achieve target.Rate of growth is low, production capacity conversion ratio is low, resource mobility rate
It is low, well yield is low, be the predicament that China's coal gas industry faces for a long time.It is that current China's coal bed gas produces that wherein well yield is low
" bottleneck " problem of industry development, the coal bed gas well yield in China is only 400-500m3/ d is the 1/4 of the U.S., Australia
1/5.Well yield it is low it is serious constrain the development of coal gas industry, hit the enthusiasm of practitioner, shaken investment
The confidence of person.It is therefore proposed that a kind of evaluation method of coal bed gas high yield reservoir, the quantity for increasing high yield coal bed gas well is urgently
It solves the problems, such as.
Evaluation of coal reservoir method is not able to satisfy production requirement at present, be primarily present it is following three aspect deficiency: first, comment
Valence parameter is excessive.Conventional evaluation parameter includes coal seam thickness in monolayer, cumulative thickness, resource abundance, Coal Pore Structure, coal seam production
Shape, Coal Characteristics, buried depth, degree of metamorphism, adsorption saturation degree, porosity, pore-size distribution feature, connectivity, crack are special
Sign, permeability, Lan Shi volume, Lan Shi pressure, reservoir pressure, three axis crustal stress, desorption pressures, faces storage ratio, cap rock at air content
Condition, hydrological characteristics, construction feature, deposition characteristics etc., excessive evaluation parameter keep evaluation procedure extremely complex, are unfavorable for existing
Field business unit grasps.Second, evaluation method and produced on-site disconnect.Currently used evaluation method is taken according to development block
Core well or neighbouring underground coal mine collect few coal petrography sample and carry out parameter testing in laboratory, and since the height of coal petrography is non-
Matter and the inaccuracy for being detached from experiment parameter after occurrence condition in situ, cause evaluation method and produced on-site to disconnect, cannot obtain
Obtain the practical coal seam reservoirs feature of cbm development block.Third, evaluation result accuracy are low.It takes the above evaluation parameter and comments
The evaluation result that valence method obtains is not met with produced on-site practice.It is evaluated as the hypotonic block of coal seam reservoirs, is gone out in the process of development
Existing high yield coal bed gas well；And it is evaluated as also there are a large amount of low yield coal bed gas wells to occur in hypertonic block exploitation.
Therefore, the invention proposes a kind of evaluation methods of coal bed gas high yield reservoir is using high yield coal bed gas well as target
The Efficient Exploration of coal bed gas develops service.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a kind of evaluation of coal bed gas high yield reservoir
Method, this method can effectively evaluating and preferred high yield coal seam reservoirs, for improve well yield, reduce stripper well quantity have weight
The meaning wanted.
Coal bed gas is a kind of gas of association in coalification course, and self-generation, self-reservoir is different from natural gas, preservation mode mainly with
Be adsorbed on based on matrix of coal surface, be free between hole-crack supplemented by, be dissolved in coal seam water on a small quantity.Cbm development process
Mechanism is to make the pressure reduction in coal seam by drainage and step-down, is adsorbed on the methane gas on matrix of coal surface, and desorption forms trip
Earth's surface is migrated to from methane, and by crack and pit shaft.Therefore, the most important Dominated Factors for coal bed gas high-yield well
It is fissure system and permeability, air content that effective stress determines.High yield reservoir proposed by the present invention refers to be made by geologic(al) factor
At fissure system development, the features such as effective stress is low, air content is high, Production of Coal-bed Gas Wells is high coal seam reservoirs.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The evaluation method of coal bed gas high yield reservoir, includes the following steps:
Step 1, evaluation parameter selection: according to cbm development mechanism, select coal reservoir fracture development characteristics, effectively
Stress, air content are as parameter used in evaluation；
Step 2, the acquisition of each evaluation parameter:
The acquisition of coal reservoir fracture development characteristics；
The acquisition of effective stress；
The acquisition of air content；
Step 3, coal reservoir fracture development characteristics parameter step 2 obtained referring to evaluation criterion, effective stress parameter(s),
Air content parameter is once evaluated, and carries out second evaluation to primary evaluation acquired results according to evaluation score criteria, respectively
To characteristics of fracture development score value, effective stress score value, air content score value, according to formula Calculation Estimation result score value, last basis
Evaluation result standard evaluates the evaluation result score value being calculated, and obtains coalbed methane reservoir evaluation result；
Wherein, the formula are as follows: λ=K+ Ρ+δ, in formula: λ is evaluation result score value；K is characteristics of fracture development score value；
Ρ is effective stress score value；δ is air content score value；
The evaluation result standard are as follows: λ > 80 be it is advantageous, 60≤λ≤80 be it is general, < 60 be it is unfavorable.
In some of embodiments, the acquisition of the coal reservoir fracture development characteristics specifically: pass through earth's surface high-precision structure
Crack map plotting method is made, determines construction using the terrain and geologic map of 1:10000 scale bar as working base map in cbm development area
The range of crack charting work, is 50-100m with observation point spacing, demarcates the position of the route and observation point that pass through on the diagram,
Determine observation point coordinate；Measure the crack data of each observation point；And the cranny development for determining development zone is analyzed by data
Feature.
In some of embodiments, the acquisition of the effective stress specifically: analysis Original strata stress test data, calculating are opened
Send out area's effective stress value.
In some of embodiments, the acquisition of the air content specifically: by the coal petrography sample of acquisition, put sealing into immediately
It is sealed in tank, carries out live desorption of mash gas measurement, before then being crushed and crushed after gas assay, calculate loss gas
Amount finally calculates coal seam reservoirs air content.
In some of embodiments, evaluation criterion described in step 3 are as follows: as fissure-plane bulkfactor > 40, sent out for crack
Give birth to benefit；30≤fissure-plane bulkfactor≤40 are that cranny development is general；Surface density coefficient < 30 is that cranny development is poor；
It is advantageous as effective stress < 7MPa；7≤effective stress≤9MPa is general；It is unfavorable as effective stress > 9MPa；When
Air content > 18m3/ t is advantageous；13≤air content≤18m3/ t is general；As air content < 13m3/ t is unfavorable.
In some of embodiments, score criteria is evaluated described in step 3 are as follows: cranny development is favorably 50 points, is generally
30 points, it is unfavorable be 10 points；Effective stress is favorably 35 points, generally 20 points, it is unfavorable be 5 points；Air content is favorably 15 points, one
As for 10 points, it is unfavorable be 3 points.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that:
The present invention passes through selection evaluation parameter, the technology of acquisition evaluation parameter, establishes evaluation criterion, proposes evaluation method,
Finally obtain accurate high yield Evaluation of coal reservoir result.
The evaluation method of coal bed gas high yield reservoir of the invention has simplified evaluation parameter using high yield coal bed gas well as target,
The acquisition methods for optimizing evaluation parameter, propose evaluation criterion, establish evaluation method, have divided evaluation result.The present invention
Service can be developed for the Efficient Exploration of coal bed gas.
Specific embodiment
Combined with specific embodiments below, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than limit the scope of the invention, after the present invention has been read, those skilled in the art are to of the invention various equivalent
The modification of form falls within the application range as defined in the appended claims.
The evaluation method of coal bed gas high yield reservoir, includes the following steps:
Step 1, evaluation parameter selection: according to cbm development mechanism, select coal reservoir fracture development characteristics, effectively
Stress, air content are as parameter used in evaluation；
Step 2, the acquisition of each evaluation parameter:
The acquisition of coal reservoir fracture development characteristics；
The acquisition of effective stress；
The acquisition of air content；
Step 3, coal reservoir fracture development characteristics parameter step 2 obtained referring to evaluation criterion, effective stress parameter(s),
Air content parameter is once evaluated, and carries out second evaluation to primary evaluation acquired results according to evaluation score criteria, respectively
To characteristics of fracture development score value, effective stress score value, air content score value, according to formula Calculation Estimation result score value, last basis
Evaluation result standard evaluates the evaluation result score value being calculated, and obtains coalbed methane reservoir evaluation result；
Wherein, the formula are as follows: λ=K+ Ρ+δ, in formula: λ is evaluation result score value；K is characteristics of fracture development score value；
Ρ is effective stress score value；δ is air content score value；
The evaluation result standard are as follows: λ > 80 be it is advantageous, 60≤λ≤80 be it is general, < 60 be it is unfavorable.
In one embodiment, the acquisition of the coal reservoir fracture development characteristics specifically: split by earth's surface high-precision construction
Gap map plotting method determines structural fracture as working base map in the terrain and geologic map of cbm development area using 1:10000 scale bar
The range of charting work, is 50-100m with observation point spacing, demarcates the position of the route and observation point that pass through on the diagram, is determined
Observation point coordinate；Measure the crack data of each observation point；And it is analyzed by data and determines that the cranny development in development zone is special
Sign.
In one embodiment, the acquisition of the effective stress specifically: analysis Original strata stress test data calculates development zone
Effective stress value.
In one embodiment, the acquisition of the air content specifically: by the coal petrography sample of acquisition, put into hermetically sealed can immediately
Sealing carries out live desorption of mash gas measurement, before then being crushed and crushes after gas assay, calculates loss tolerance, most
Coal seam reservoirs air content is calculated afterwards.
In one embodiment, evaluation criterion described in step 3 are as follows: as fissure-plane bulkfactor > 40, have for cranny development
Benefit；30≤fissure-plane bulkfactor≤40 are that cranny development is general；Surface density coefficient < 30 is that cranny development is poor；When having
Efficacy < 7MPa, is advantageous；7≤effective stress≤9MPa is general；It is unfavorable as effective stress > 9MPa；Work as gassiness
Measure > 18m3/ t is advantageous；13≤air content≤18m3/ t is general；As air content < 13m3/ t is unfavorable.
In one embodiment, score criteria is evaluated described in step 3 are as follows: cranny development is favorably 50 points, generally 30
Point, it is unfavorable be 10 points；Effective stress is favorably 35 points, generally 20 points, it is unfavorable be 5 points；Air content is favorably 15 points, general
For 10 points, it is unfavorable be 3 points.
Below in conjunction with several embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
1. evaluation parameter selects.According to cbm development mechanism, the present invention select coal reservoir fracture development characteristics, effectively
Stress, air content are as parameter used in evaluation.
2. the acquisition of evaluation parameter.1. characteristics of fracture development.By earth's surface high-precision structural fracture map plotting method, in coal seam
Gas development zone determines the range of structural fracture charting work using the terrain and geologic map of 1:10000 scale bar as working base map, with
Observation point spacing is 50-100m, demarcates the position of the route and observation point that pass through on the diagram, determines observation point coordinate；Measurement is every
The crack data of one observation point；And the characteristics of fracture development for determining development zone is analyzed by data.2. effective stress.Effectively
The size of stress determines the closure degree in crack, and effective stress is small to be conducive to crack opening, provides coal-bed methane seepage-migration
Channel.Yue kou early period in exploitation area analyzes Original strata stress test data, calculates development zone effective stress value.③
Air content.Coal petrography sample is obtained by development zone prospect pit wire line coring method, puts into hermetically sealed can seal immediately, carries out scene
Desorption of mash gas measurement before then experiment being sent to be crushed and crushes after gas assay, calculates loss tolerance, finally calculate
Coal seam reservoirs air content.
3. evaluation criterion.According to the CBM exploration and development practical experience of many years and the test result of laboratory experiment, really
The evaluation criterion of coal bed gas high yield reservoir is determined.By the calculated result of high-precision structural fracture charting, when crack surface density system
Number > 40 is that cranny development is good；Surface density coefficient is general for cranny development between 30-40；Surface density coefficient < 30,
It is poor for cranny development.It as effective stress < 7MPa is advantageous using the effective stress value of calculating；Effective stress is between 7-
It is general between 9MPa；It is unfavorable as effective stress > 9MPa.The test result of air content, as air content > 18m3/ t is
Favorably；Air content is between 13-18m3/ t is general；As air content < 13m3/ t, to be unfavorable, see Table 1 for details.
1 coal bed gas high yield reservoir evaluation standard of table
4. evaluation method.According to the method that evaluation parameter obtains, characteristics of fracture development, effective stress and air content are calculated
Parameter value, and calculated according to the score table of table 2 and formula 1.
2 coal bed gas high yield evaluating reservoir score table of table
Formula 1: λ=K+ Ρ+δ, in formula: λ is high yield Evaluation of coal reservoir result score value；K is characteristics of fracture development score value；Ρ
For effective stress score value；δ is air content score value.
The high yield Evaluation of coal reservoir end value being calculated with formula 1 carries out the evaluation of high yield coal seam reservoirs according to table 3.
3 coal bed gas high yield evaluating reservoir result table of table
| As a result | Favorably (high yield) | Generally | Unfavorable (low yield) |
| λ | > 80 | 60-80 | < 60 |
5. evaluation result.High yield Evaluation of coal reservoir is carried out to cbm development block, selects evaluation parameter, obtains evaluation ginseng
Number, and referring to evaluation criterion, Utilization assessment method is calculated, and may finally obtain evaluation as a result, both cbm development areas
It is high yield coal seam reservoirs, general coal seam reservoirs either low yield coal seam reservoirs.The result of evaluation can be used as cbm development engineering proposal
Basis, in advantageous high yield cbm development area, mostly arrangement coal bed gas well, can get high-yield well；In the coal seam of general condition
Gas development zone, arranges coal bed gas well less；In unfavorable cbm development area, coal bed gas well is not arranged.Therefore, knot of the invention
Fruit can increase the quantity of coal bed gas high-yield well, reduce the quantity of stripper well, solve the problems, such as that coal bed gas well yield is relatively low.
According to above-mentioned steps, characteristics of fracture development, effective stress and the gassiness of 3 positions in some cbm development block
Magnitude such as following table.
Some the cbm development block reservoir parameter value of table 4
The evaluation parameter value of table 4 is brought in table 2 into the conversion for carrying out evaluation score value, evaluation knot is then calculated with formula 1
Fruit score value, the results are shown in Table 5.
Evaluate position 1: λ1=50+35+15=100
Evaluate position 2: λ2=50+35+10=95
Evaluate position 3: λ3=30+20+10=60
Some the cbm development block high yield evaluating reservoir result table of table 5
| Position | Total score | Evaluation result |
| Evaluate position 1 | 100 | High yield coal seam reservoirs |
| Evaluate position 2 | 95 | High yield coal seam reservoirs |
| Evaluate position 3 | 60 | General coal seam reservoirs |
It is obtained from checkout result, cbm development block evaluation position 1 is high yield coal seam reservoirs；Evaluation position 2 is high producing coal
Reservoir；Evaluation position 3 is general coal seam reservoirs.Therefore coal bed gas well should be arranged in evaluation position 1 and 2 more, can obtain high yield
Coal bed gas well should arrange coal bed gas well in evaluation position 3 less, advantageously reduce stripper well quantity.
Embodiment 2
1. evaluation parameter selects.According to cbm development mechanism, the present invention select coal reservoir fracture development characteristics, effectively
Stress, air content are as parameter used in evaluation.
2. the acquisition of evaluation parameter.1. characteristics of fracture development.By earth's surface high-precision structural fracture map plotting method, in coal seam
Gas development zone determines the range of structural fracture charting work using the terrain and geologic map of 1:10000 scale bar as working base map, with
Observation point spacing is 50-100m, demarcates the position of the route and observation point that pass through on the diagram, determines observation point coordinate；Measurement is every
The crack data of one observation point；And the characteristics of fracture development for determining development zone is analyzed by data.2. effective stress.Effectively
The size of stress determines the closure degree in crack, and effective stress is small to be conducive to crack opening, provides coal-bed methane seepage-migration
Channel.Yue kou early period in exploitation area analyzes Original strata stress test data, calculates development zone effective stress value.③
Air content.Coal petrography sample is obtained by development zone prospect pit wire line coring method, puts into hermetically sealed can seal immediately, carries out scene
Desorption of mash gas measurement before then experiment being sent to be crushed and crushes after gas assay, calculates loss tolerance, finally calculate
Coal seam reservoirs air content.
3. evaluation criterion.According to the CBM exploration and development practical experience of many years and the test result of laboratory experiment, really
The evaluation criterion of coal bed gas high yield reservoir is determined.By the calculated result of high-precision structural fracture charting, when crack surface density system
Number > 40 is that cranny development is good；Surface density coefficient is general for cranny development between 30-40；Surface density coefficient < 30,
It is poor for cranny development.It as effective stress < 7MPa is advantageous using the effective stress value of calculating；Effective stress is between 7-
It is general between 9MPa；It is unfavorable as effective stress > 9MPa.The test result of air content, as air content > 18m3/ t is
Favorably；Air content is between 13-18m3/ t is general；As air content < 13m3/ t sees the above table 1 in detail to be unfavorable.
4. evaluation method.According to the method that evaluation parameter obtains, characteristics of fracture development, effective stress and air content are calculated
Parameter value, and calculated according to the score table of table 2 and formula 1.
The high yield Evaluation of coal reservoir end value being calculated with formula 1 carries out the evaluation of high yield coal seam reservoirs according to table 3.
5. evaluation result.High yield Evaluation of coal reservoir is carried out to cbm development block, selects evaluation parameter, obtains evaluation ginseng
Number, and referring to evaluation criterion, Utilization assessment method is calculated, and may finally obtain evaluation as a result, both cbm development areas
It is high yield coal seam reservoirs, general coal seam reservoirs either low yield coal seam reservoirs.The result of evaluation can be used as cbm development engineering proposal
Basis, in advantageous high yield cbm development area, mostly arrangement coal bed gas well, can get high-yield well；In the coal seam of general condition
Gas development zone, arranges coal bed gas well less；In unfavorable cbm development area, coal bed gas well is not arranged.Therefore, knot of the invention
Fruit can increase the quantity of coal bed gas high-yield well, reduce the quantity of stripper well, solve the problems, such as that coal bed gas well yield is relatively low.
According to above-mentioned steps, characteristics of fracture development, effective stress and the gassiness of 3 positions in some cbm development block
Magnitude such as following table.
Some the cbm development block reservoir parameter value of table 6
The evaluation parameter value of table 6 is brought in table 2 into the conversion for carrying out evaluation score value, evaluation knot is then calculated with formula 1
Fruit score value, the results are shown in Table 7.
Some the cbm development block high yield evaluating reservoir result table of table 7
| Position | Total score | Evaluation result |
| Evaluate position 4 | 18 | Low yield coal seam reservoirs |
| Evaluate position 5 | 38 | Low yield coal seam reservoirs |
| Evaluate position 6 | 30 | Low yield coal seam reservoirs |
It is obtained from checkout result, cbm development block evaluation position 4 is low yield coal seam reservoirs；Evaluation position 5 is low yield coal
Reservoir；Evaluation position 6 is low yield coal seam reservoirs.Therefore coal bed gas well should not be arranged in evaluation position 4,5 and 6, can subtract in this way
The quantity of few stripper well, saves capital investment, output ratio of increasing input.
The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail for above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment party
Formula can also be done without departing from the purpose of the present invention within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art
Various change out.
Claims (6)
1. the evaluation method of coal bed gas high yield reservoir, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1, evaluation parameter selection: according to cbm development mechanism, select coal reservoir fracture development characteristics, effective stress,
Air content is as parameter used in evaluation；
Step 2, the acquisition of each evaluation parameter:
The acquisition of coal reservoir fracture development characteristics；
The acquisition of effective stress；
The acquisition of air content；
Step 3, coal reservoir fracture development characteristics parameter, the effective stress parameter(s), gassiness that step 2 is obtained referring to evaluation criterion
Amount parameter is once evaluated, and is carried out second evaluation to primary evaluation acquired results according to evaluation score criteria, is respectively obtained and split
Gap development characteristics score value, effective stress score value, air content score value, according to formula Calculation Estimation result score value, finally according to evaluation
As a result standard evaluates the evaluation result score value being calculated, and obtains coalbed methane reservoir evaluation result；
Wherein, the formula are as follows: λ=Κ+Ρ+δ, in formula: λ is evaluation result score value；Κ is characteristics of fracture development score value；Ρ is
Effective stress score value；δ is air content score value；
The evaluation result standard are as follows: λ > 80 be it is advantageous, 60≤λ≤80 be it is general, < 60 be it is unfavorable.
2. the evaluation method of coal bed gas high yield reservoir according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the coal reservoir fracture hair
Educate the acquisition of feature specifically: by earth's surface high-precision structural fracture map plotting method, in cbm development area with 1:10000 ratio
The terrain and geologic map of ruler determines the range of structural fracture charting work as working base map, is 50-100m, In with observation point spacing
The position that the route and observation point that pass through are demarcated on figure, determines observation point coordinate；Measure the crack data of each observation point；And
The characteristics of fracture development for determining development zone is analyzed by data.
3. the evaluation method of coal bed gas high yield reservoir according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the effective stress obtains
Specifically: analysis Original strata stress test data calculates development zone effective stress value.
4. the evaluation method of coal bed gas high yield reservoir described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the acquisition of the air content is specific
Are as follows: it by the coal petrography sample of acquisition, puts into hermetically sealed can seal immediately, live desorption of mash gas measurement is carried out, before then being crushed
With crushing after gas assay, loss tolerance is calculated, coal seam reservoirs air content is finally calculated.
5. the evaluation method of coal bed gas high yield reservoir described in claim 1, which is characterized in that evaluation criterion described in step 3
Are as follows: it is that cranny development is advantageous as fissure-plane bulkfactor > 40；30≤fissure-plane bulkfactor≤40 are that cranny development is general；
Surface density coefficient < 30 is that cranny development is poor；It is advantageous as effective stress < 7MPa；7≤effective stress≤9MPa is one
As；It is unfavorable as effective stress > 9MPa；As 18 m of air content >3/ t is advantageous；13≤air content≤18 m3/ t is one
As；As 13 m of air content <3/ t is unfavorable.
6. the evaluation method of coal bed gas high yield reservoir described in claim 1, which is characterized in that evaluate score value described in step 3
Standard are as follows: cranny development is favorably 50 points, generally 30 points, it is unfavorable be 10 points；Effective stress is favorably 35 points, generally 20
Point, it is unfavorable be 5 points；Air content is favorably 15 points, generally 10 points, it is unfavorable be 3 points.
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