CN110411744B - Rigidity test device and method for large-sized low-rigidity elastic coupling - Google Patents
Rigidity test device and method for large-sized low-rigidity elastic coupling Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rigidity test device and method for a large-scale low-rigidity elastic coupling, wherein a platform system consists of a mounting platform, a gantry bracket, a hydraulic control system and a data acquisition and processing system; the cylinder lifting balancing device consists of a rotary lifting hook, a shackle, a four-claw chain rigging, a balancing hanging plate lifting cylinder, a rigging turnbuckle and a balancing sling; the torque loading device comprises a torque loading oil cylinder base, a torque loading oil cylinder, a tension sensor, a torque loading chain, a torque bracket and an angular displacement sensor; the axial lifting and loading device consists of a rotary lifting hook, a shackle, a tension sensor, a chain block, a lifting chain, a lifting screw and the like; the radial loading device consists of an oil cylinder base, a radial loading oil cylinder, a tension sensor and a radial loading chain. The invention can realize the rigidity test of the coupler under the action of no torque load, the axial rigidity, the radial rigidity and the torsional rigidity test of the coupler under different torque loads, and the axial rigidity and the radial rigidity test of the low-rigidity large coupler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for testing the rigidity of an elastic coupler, in particular to a device for testing the axial and radial rigidity of a large-sized low-rigidity elastic coupler in a rated torque state.
Background
The large-sized low-rigidity elastic coupling has the characteristics of large size, large dead weight, low rigidity, large torque transmission capacity and the like, and is generally used in a rear transmission system of a large ship propulsion shafting. The large-scale low-rigidity elastic coupling is arranged at the power output end of the main engine or the propulsion motor reduction gearbox and is used for transmitting main power to the propeller to compensate axial and radial deformation generated in the installation and operation processes of the shafting, and meanwhile, the large-scale low-rigidity elastic coupling has certain vibration reduction and sound insulation capabilities. The magnitude of the additional counter force generated by the elastic coupling to the shaft system during the axial and radial deflection compensation of the shaft system depends on the rigidity of the coupling. Meanwhile, the vibration and sound damping capacity of the coupling is also related to the rigidity of the coupling. Therefore, the rigidity index is an important index of the large-scale low-rigidity elastic coupling for the ship. In the development process, the rigidity test of the elastic coupler is carried out, so that on one hand, the verification of the development design method can be carried out, on the other hand, more accurate rigidity performance indexes can be provided, and necessary data support is provided for the shafting vibration reduction design of the system.
The elastic elements of the large-scale low-rigidity elastic coupling are mostly rubber elements, and the rigidity of the rubber elastic elements is increased along with the increase of the torque born by the rubber elastic elements. Therefore, in order to test the rigidity performance of the large-sized low-rigidity elastic coupling in the actual working state, the axial rigidity and the radial rigidity of the large-sized low-rigidity elastic coupling must be tested when the rated torque load is applied, and the static rigidity test has a certain difficulty.
At present, the number of special test platforms for testing the rigidity of the large-scale low-rigidity elastic coupling at home and abroad is small, and the bench for testing the rigidity of the coupling under the condition of applying a large torque load is hardly found. The following difficulties exist because of the rigidity of the large low-rigidity elastic coupling: 1) The self weight of the coupler is large, the axial rigidity and the radial rigidity are low, and a test bed is required to be accurate enough or a reasonable structure is adopted to counteract the influence of the self weight on the rigidity test in the rigidity test process; 2) The influence of the torque loading force on the axial or radial loading force is large, the magnitude order difference exists between the torque loading force and the axial or radial loading force in the test process of the large-scale low-rigidity coupler, the small deviation of the torque loading force can greatly influence the rigidity test, a reasonable structure is required to be designed, and the influence of the torque loading force on the axial and radial forces is eliminated as much as possible.
Chinese patent publication No. CN108871964a discloses a rubber block rigidity test device, which comprises a box body, a box cover, an upper plate and a lower plate, wherein the upper end of the interior of the box body is provided with a hydraulic rod, and the lower end is provided with the upper plate. The box door is movably connected with the box body around a hinge through a hand pulling box door. The device only tests the rigidity of the rubber block under the condition of not applying torque, so that the tester is safer in the test process, and the test device does not have the capability of performing the rigidity test of the coupling under the condition of applying torque load. Chinese patent publication No. CN206601299U discloses a rubber block rigidity test device, including top board, holding down plate and connecting block, top board and holding down plate set up relatively and sliding connection to be provided with the connecting block, the rubber block is fixed in between the top board and the holding down plate, and the side is connected with the curb plate, through the radial and axial rigidity of curb plate survey rubber block. The device can also only test the stiffness of the rubber block without applying a torque load.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a rigidity test device and a rigidity test method for a large-scale low-rigidity elastic coupling for a ship, which are used for solving the following technical problems in the rigidity test process of the large-scale low-rigidity elastic coupling for the ship:
(1) When rated torque is applied to the coupler, even if the torsion angle of the coupler is large, the torque loading force application direction is always unchanged, the torque loading precision is ensured, and the torsion rigidity test is performed;
(2) The influence of the dead weight on the rigidity test in the rigidity test process of the large-scale low-rigidity elastic coupling is eliminated;
(3) Eliminating or weakening the influence of torque loading force on the axial rigidity test and the radial rigidity test of the coupler;
(4) The axial rigidity and the radial rigidity of the coupler in the actual torque transmission state can be tested;
(5) Each applied load force can be formed into an internal force without adding additional civil engineering to provide a counter force.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the large-scale low-rigidity elastic coupling rigidity test device comprises a platform system, a cylinder lifting balancing device, a torque loading device, an axial lifting and loading device and a radial loading device, wherein the platform system comprises an installation platform, a gantry bracket, a hydraulic control system and a data acquisition and processing system, the installation platform is installed on a foundation guide rail through foundation bolts, and the torque loading device and the radial loading device are installed on the installation platform; the gantry bracket spans over the mounting platform, the bottom of the gantry bracket is connected with the ground guide rail through bolts, and the gantry bracket is provided with a cylinder lifting balancing device and an axial lifting and loading device; the hydraulic control system supplies oil to the oil cylinders of the torque loading device and the radial loading device through oil pipes, and the data acquisition system is used for acquiring data such as pressure and travel of the oil cylinders and providing control and data acquisition for rigidity test.
Further, the cylinder lifting balancing device consists of a rotary lifting hook, a shackle, four-claw chain rigging, a balancing hanging disc, eight sets of lifting cylinders, a rigging turnbuckle, a lifting eye screw, a balancing hanging rigging, a cylinder control gas circuit and corresponding pipeline accessories, wherein the balancing hanging disc is hung below a gantry bracket beam through the rotary lifting hook, the shackle and the four-claw chain rigging, and above a coupling to be tested of the mounting platform; eight sets of lifting cylinders, a rigging turnbuckle, a balance lifting rigging and a lifting ring screw are arranged below the balance lifting disc and are connected with the axial center surface of the coupler; the cylinder control gas circuit and the pipeline accessories are arranged on the balance hanging scaffold; the cylinder lifting balancing device can offset the dead weight of the coupler, and eliminate the influence of the dead weight on the rigidity test during the radial and axial rigidity test of the coupler.
Further, the torque loading device comprises a torque loading oil cylinder base, a torque loading oil cylinder, a tension sensor, a torque loading chain, a torque support and an angular displacement sensor, wherein the two sets of torque loading oil cylinders are respectively fixed on the mounting platform through the oil cylinder base, and the center of the torque support is connected with the output flange of the coupling and is connected with the torque loading oil cylinder through the torque loading chain; the angular displacement sensor is arranged on the torque bracket and is used for measuring the torsion angle of the coupler when the coupler is subjected to torque load; a tension sensor is arranged at the front end piston of each set of torque loading oil cylinder, radial force is acquired through the tension sensor in the rigidity testing process, and radial displacement is measured through a displacement sensor on the torque support.
Further, the joint of the torque support and the torque loading chain is an arc groove, and when the torsion angle of the coupler is gradually increased in the torque loading process, the torque load applied by the torque loading oil cylinder is always tangential and vertical to the arm of force of the torque support.
The axial lifting and loading device comprises a rotary lifting hook, a shackle, a tension sensor, a chain block, a lifting chain and a lifting screw, wherein the rotary lifting hook is suspended below a gantry bracket beam and is connected with a torque bracket sequentially through the shackle, the tension sensor, the chain block, the lifting chain and the lifting screw; in the rigidity testing process, axial tension is applied by pulling the chain block, the axial tension is measured by the tension sensor, and the axial displacement is measured by the axial displacement sensor on the torque bracket.
The radial loading device comprises a radial loading oil cylinder base, a radial loading oil cylinder, a tension sensor and a radial loading chain, wherein the radial loading oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the mounting platform through the radial loading oil cylinder base and is connected with the torque bracket through the tension sensor and the radial loading chain; in the rigidity testing process, radial force is acquired through a tension sensor of the radial loading oil cylinder, and radial displacement is measured through a displacement sensor on the torque bracket.
A torsion rigidity performance test method for a large-scale low-rigidity elastic coupling comprises the following specific steps:
(1) The coupler to be tested is arranged on an installation platform, a lower end flange of the coupler is fixed with the installation platform, and an upper end flange of the coupler is fixed with a torque bracket in the torque loading device;
(2) Starting a torque loading oil cylinder, slowly applying a torque load to the coupler to be tested, collecting the tension of the torque loading oil cylinder through a tension sensor at the front end of the torque loading oil cylinder, and converting the tension into torque through a data collecting and processing system;
(3) And when the torque is applied, an angular displacement sensor on the torque bracket collects the angular displacement generated under the corresponding torque of the coupler, and finally, the torque-angular displacement diagram of the coupler is obtained through a data collecting and processing system.
The axial rigidity performance test method of the large-scale low-rigidity elastic coupler under torque load comprises the following specific steps:
(1) The coupler to be tested is arranged on an installation platform, a lower end flange of the coupler is fixed with the installation platform, and an upper end flange of the coupler is fixed with a torque bracket in the torque loading device;
(2) Starting a cylinder control gas circuit on the cylinder lifting balancing device, adjusting the pressure of the cylinder, and counteracting the dead weight of the coupling to be tested;
(3) Starting a torque loading oil cylinder, slowly applying a torque load to a specified torque value to the coupling to be tested, controlling the loaded torque value through a hydraulic control system in the torque loading process, and detecting through a data acquisition and processing system;
(4) And slowly pulling the chain block, applying an axial load to the coupler to be tested under the specified torque load, collecting the axial load through a tension sensor, collecting axial displacement through a radial displacement sensor on the torque bracket, and simultaneously conveying the axial displacement to a data collecting and processing system to form an axial force-axial displacement diagram, thereby obtaining the axial rigidity of the coupler under the specified torque load.
A radial stiffness performance test method of a large-scale low-stiffness elastic coupler under torque load comprises the following specific steps:
(1) The coupler to be tested is arranged on an installation platform, a lower end flange of the coupler is fixed with the installation platform, and an upper end flange of the coupler is fixed with a torque bracket in the torque loading device;
(2) Starting a cylinder control gas circuit on the cylinder lifting balancing device, adjusting the pressure of the cylinder, and counteracting the dead weight of the coupling to be tested;
(3) And starting the torque loading oil cylinder, and slowly applying a torque load to the coupler to be tested to a specified torque value. In the torque loading process, the loaded torque value can be controlled by a hydraulic control system and detected by a data acquisition and processing system;
(4) Starting a radial loading oil cylinder, applying radial load to the coupler to be tested under specified torque load, collecting the axial load through a tension sensor, collecting radial displacement through a radial displacement sensor on a torque bracket, and simultaneously conveying the radial displacement to a data collecting and processing system to form a radial force-radial displacement diagram, thereby obtaining the radial rigidity of the coupler under the specified torque load.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the device disclosed by the invention is different from the prior art in function, not only can realize the rigidity test of the coupler under the action of no torque load, but also can realize the axial rigidity and radial rigidity test of the coupler under different torque loads, and simultaneously can test the torsional rigidity of the coupler. The axial and radial rigidity of the low-rigidity large-scale coupler is tested under the torque load, and the axial and radial rigidity is the core function of the invention.
The device of the invention has different structural composition and structural form and torque, axial and radial loading modes as well as the prior art; the mode of eliminating dead weight by adopting the cylinder lifting balancing device is a unique function of the device; the outer ring of the torque bracket is provided with an arc groove, so that the structure of ensuring that the torque loading force direction is always unchanged is a unique structural form of the device; the applied load force creates a closed internal force through the platform.
The test device can realize the rigidity test of the low-rigidity elastic coupling with different specifications, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) The torsional rigidity test of the coupler can be completed;
2) The axial rigidity test of the large-scale low-rigidity elastic coupler in the rated torque range under any torque load can be completed;
3) The radial rigidity test of the large-scale low-rigidity elastic coupler under any torque load can be completed within the rated torque range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front elevational view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a left side view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a cylinder lifting balance of the test apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an axial lifting and loading device of the test apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a torque loading device of the test device of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a radial loading device of the test device of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged partial view of I of FIG. 9;
In the figure: 1. platform system, 2, torque loading device, 3, cylinder lifting balancing device, 4, axial lifting and loading device, 5, radial loading device, 6, mounting platform 7, gantry bracket, 8, equipment to be tested, 9, data acquisition and processing system, 10, hydraulic control system, 11, rotary lifting hook, 12, shackle, 13, four-jaw chain rigging, 14, cylinder control gas circuit, 15, balance hanging disc, 16, cylinder, 17, balance lifting rigging, 18, rigging turnbuckle, 19, rotary lifting hook, 20, shackle, 21, tension sensor, 22, chain block, 23, lifting chain, 24, lifting screw, 25, torque loading cylinder base, 26, torque loading cylinder, 27, tension sensor, 28, torque loading chain, 29, angular displacement sensor, 30, torque bracket, 31, radial loading cylinder base, 32, radial loading cylinder, 33, tension sensor 34, radial loading chain, 35, circular arc groove.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the stiffness test device of the large-scale low-stiffness elastic coupling comprises a platform system 1, a cylinder lifting balancing device 3, a torque loading device 2, an axial lifting and loading device 4 and a radial loading device 5. The platform system 1 is arranged in a foundation guide rail, the torque loading device 2 and the radial loading device 5 are arranged on the mounting platform 6 of the platform system 1, and the cylinder lifting balancing device 3 and the axial lifting and loading device 4 are hung below the gantry bracket cross beam.
The platform system 1 consists of a gantry bracket 7, an installation platform 6, a hydraulic control system 10 and a data acquisition and processing system 9. The mounting platform 6 is fixed with the foundation guide rail through foundation bolts; the gantry bracket 7 spans the mounting platform 6, and the footing is fixed with the foundation guide rail. The hydraulic control system 10 and the data acquisition and processing system 9 are respectively and individually installed beside the installation platform 6 and are connected with an oil cylinder, a sensor and the like installed on the installation platform through cables, oil pipes and the like, as shown in fig. 6.
As shown in fig. 7, the cylinder lifting balancing device 3 is composed of a rotary hook 11, a shackle 12, a four-jaw chain rigging 13, a cylinder control air path 14, a balancing hanging scaffold 15, a cylinder 16, a balancing hanging rigging 17, a rigging turnbuckle 18 and the like. The rotary lifting hook 11 is hung on a cross beam of the gantry bracket 7, and the lower part of the rotary lifting hook is sequentially connected with the shackle 12, the four-claw chain rigging 13 and the balance hanging scaffold 15. Wherein, the cylinder control air channel 14 and the corresponding air channel accessories are arranged on the balance hanging scaffold 15. 8 cylinders 16 are arranged below the balance hanging scaffold 15, 8 groups of balance hanging slings 17 and rigging turnbuckles 18 are correspondingly arranged below each cylinder, and the coupling 8 to be tested is respectively connected with the 8 cylinders below the balance hanging scaffold through the 8 groups of balance hanging slings 17 and the rigging turnbuckles 18.
As shown in fig. 8, the axial lifting and loading device 4 is composed of a rotating hook 19, a shackle 20, a tension sensor 21, a chain block 22, a lifting chain 23, a lifting screw 24, and the like. The rotary lifting hook 19 is arranged on the cross beam of the mounting platform, and the lower part of the rotary lifting hook is sequentially connected with a shackle 20, a tension sensor 21, a chain block 22, a lifting chain 23 and a lifting screw 24. The hoisting screw 24 is connected with the torque bracket 30, and the axial load is applied to the coupling 8 to be tested by pulling the chain block 22.
As shown in fig. 9 and 11, the torque loading device 2 is composed of a torque loading cylinder base 25, a torque loading cylinder 26, a tension sensor 27, a torque loading chain 28, an angular displacement sensor 29, a torque bracket 30, and the like. Wherein, two sets of torque loading oil cylinders 26 are fixed on the mounting platform through two sets of torque loading oil cylinder bases 25. A tension sensor 27 is arranged on the piston at the front end of each set of torque loading oil cylinder 26, and is connected with a torque bracket 30 through a torque loading chain 28. The angular displacement sensor 29 is mounted on the torque bracket 30 for measuring the angular displacement of the coupling when it is subjected to a torque load. The inner ring between the torques is fixed with the upper end flange of the coupler to be tested 8 through bolts. The connection part of the torque bracket 30 and the torque loading chain 28 is an arc groove 35, and when the torsion angle of the coupler is gradually increased in the torque loading process, the torque load applied by the torque loading oil cylinder 26 is always tangential and vertical to the arm of force of the torque bracket 30.
As shown in fig. 10, the radial loading device 5 is composed of a radial loading cylinder base 31, a radial loading cylinder 32, a tension sensor 33 and a radial loading chain 34. The radial loading oil cylinder 32 is arranged on the mounting platform through a radial loading oil cylinder base 31, a tension sensor 33 is arranged at the front end of a piston of the radial loading oil cylinder 32, the radial loading oil cylinder 32 is connected with the torque bracket 30 through a radial loading chain 34, and during test, radial force is applied to the torque bracket 30 connected with the coupling 8 to be tested through loading the radial loading oil cylinder.
Based on the structure, the method for testing the torsional rigidity performance of the large-scale low-rigidity elastic coupling comprises the following specific implementation steps:
(1) The coupler 8 to be tested is arranged on the mounting platform 6, the lower flange of the coupler is fixed with the mounting platform 6, and the upper flange is fixed with a torque bracket 30 in the torque loading device 2;
(2) Starting a torque loading oil cylinder 26, slowly applying a torque load to the coupling 8 to be tested, collecting the tension of the torque loading oil cylinder through a tension sensor 27 at the front end of the torque loading oil cylinder 26, and converting the tension into torque through a data collecting and processing system 9;
(3) While applying torque, an angular displacement sensor 29 on a torque bracket 30 collects the angular displacement generated under the corresponding torque of the coupler, and finally, a torque-angular displacement diagram of the coupler is obtained through a data collection and processing system 9;
(4) Because the contact place between the torque bracket 30 and the torque loading chain 28 is an arc, no matter how large the rotation angle of the torque bracket is, the torque loading chain always outputs force along the tangential direction of the torque bracket after the torque is applied to the coupler, so that the torque loading accuracy is ensured, as shown in fig. 7.
Based on the structure, the method for testing the axial rigidity performance of the large-scale low-rigidity elastic coupling under the torque load has the following specific implementation steps:
(1) The coupler 8 to be tested is arranged on the mounting platform 6, the lower flange of the coupler is fixed with the mounting platform 6, and the upper flange is fixed with a torque bracket 30 in the torque loading device 2;
(2) And starting a cylinder control air path 14 on the cylinder lifting balancing device 3, adjusting the cylinder pressure, and counteracting the dead weight of the coupling to be tested. At this time, if an axial load is applied to the coupling, the cylinder piston is elongated or shortened in the direction of axial displacement, but the cylinder pressure is unchanged, i.e., the lifting force for canceling the self weight of the coupling is unchanged. The cylinder lifting balancing device can always provide a force with unchanged magnitude and direction to offset the dead weight.
(3) The torque loading cylinder 26 is started, and the torque load is slowly applied to the coupler 8 to be tested to a specified torque value. During torque loading, the loaded torque value can be controlled by the hydraulic control system 10 and detected by the data acquisition and processing system 9.
(4) The chain block 22 is slowly pulled, and an axial load is applied to the coupling 8 to be tested under a specified torque load. The axial load can be acquired through the tension sensor 21, the axial displacement can be acquired through a radial displacement sensor on the torque bracket 30, and the axial displacement can be transmitted to a data acquisition and processing system to form an axial force-axial displacement diagram, so that the axial rigidity of the coupler under the specified torque load can be obtained.
Based on the structure, the method for testing the radial stiffness performance of the large-sized low-stiffness elastic coupling under the torque load has the following specific implementation steps:
(1) The coupler 8 to be tested is arranged on the mounting platform 6, the lower flange of the coupler is fixed with the mounting platform 6, and the upper flange is fixed with a torque bracket 30 in the torque loading device 2;
(2) And starting a cylinder control air path 14 on the cylinder lifting balancing device 3, adjusting the cylinder pressure, and counteracting the dead weight of the coupling to be tested.
(3) The torque loading cylinder 26 is started, and the torque load is slowly applied to the coupler 8 to be tested to a specified torque value. During torque loading, the torque value loaded may be controlled by the hydraulic control system 10 and detected by the data acquisition and processing system 9.
(4) The radial loading cylinder 32 is started to apply radial load to the coupling 8 to be tested under the specified torque load. The axial load can be collected by the tension sensor 33, the radial displacement can be collected by the radial displacement sensor on the torque bracket 30, and the radial displacement can be transmitted to a data collection and processing system to form a radial force-radial displacement diagram, so that the radial rigidity of the coupler under the specified torque load can be obtained.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a large-scale low rigidity elastic coupling rigidity test device, includes platform system, cylinder lifting by crane balancing unit, moment of torsion loading device, axial lifting by crane and loading device, radial loading device, its characterized in that: the platform system consists of a mounting platform, a gantry bracket, a hydraulic control system and a data acquisition and processing system, wherein the mounting platform is mounted on a foundation guide rail through foundation bolts, and a torque loading device and a radial loading device are mounted on the mounting platform; the gantry bracket spans over the mounting platform, the bottom of the gantry bracket is connected with the ground guide rail through bolts, and the gantry bracket is provided with a cylinder lifting balancing device and an axial lifting and loading device; the hydraulic control system supplies oil to the oil cylinders of the torque loading device and the radial loading device through oil pipes, and the data acquisition system is used for acquiring pressure and travel data of the oil cylinders and providing control and data acquisition for rigidity test; the cylinder lifting balancing device consists of a rotary lifting hook, a shackle, four-claw chain rigging, a balancing hanging scaffold, eight sets of lifting cylinders, a rigging turnbuckle, lifting ring screws, the balancing hanging scaffold, a cylinder control gas circuit and corresponding pipeline accessories, wherein the balancing hanging scaffold is hung below a gantry bracket beam through the rotary lifting hook, the shackle and the four-claw chain rigging, and above a coupling to be tested of a mounting platform; eight sets of lifting cylinders, a rigging turnbuckle, a balance lifting rigging and a lifting ring screw are arranged below the balance lifting disc and are connected with the axial center surface of the coupler; the cylinder control gas circuit and the pipeline accessories are arranged on the balance hanging scaffold; the cylinder lifting balancing device can offset the dead weight of the coupler, and eliminate the influence of the dead weight on the rigidity test during the radial and axial rigidity test of the coupler; the torque loading device consists of a torque loading oil cylinder base, a torque loading oil cylinder, a tension sensor, a torque loading chain, a torque support and an angular displacement sensor, wherein the two sets of torque loading oil cylinders are respectively fixed on the mounting platform through the oil cylinder base, and the center of the torque support is connected with the output flange of the coupler and is connected with the torque loading oil cylinder through the torque loading chain; the angular displacement sensor is arranged on the torque bracket and is used for measuring the torsion angle of the coupler when the coupler is subjected to torque load; a tension sensor is arranged at the front end piston of each set of torque loading oil cylinder, radial force is acquired through the tension sensor in the rigidity testing process, and radial displacement is measured through a displacement sensor on the torque support.
2. The stiffness testing device for a large low-stiffness elastic coupling according to claim 1, wherein: the joint of the torque support and the torque loading chain is an arc groove, and when the torsion angle of the coupler is gradually increased in the torque loading process, the torque load applied by the torque loading oil cylinder is always tangential and vertical to the arm of force of the torque support.
3. The stiffness testing device for a large low-stiffness elastic coupling according to claim 1, wherein: the axial lifting and loading device consists of a rotary lifting hook, a shackle, a tension sensor, a chain block, a lifting chain and a lifting screw, wherein the rotary lifting hook is suspended below a gantry bracket beam and is connected with a torque bracket sequentially through the shackle, the tension sensor, the chain block, the lifting chain and the lifting screw; in the rigidity testing process, axial tension is applied by pulling the chain block, the axial tension is measured by the tension sensor, and the axial displacement is measured by the axial displacement sensor on the torque bracket.
4. The stiffness testing device for a large low-stiffness elastic coupling according to claim 1, wherein: the radial loading device consists of a radial loading oil cylinder base, a radial loading oil cylinder, a tension sensor and a radial loading chain, wherein the radial loading oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the mounting platform through the radial loading oil cylinder base and is connected with the torque bracket through the tension sensor and the radial loading chain; in the rigidity testing process, radial force is acquired through a tension sensor of the radial loading oil cylinder, and radial displacement is measured through a displacement sensor on the torque bracket.
5. The method for testing torsional rigidity performance of the large-scale low-rigidity elastic coupling is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
(1) The coupler to be tested is arranged on an installation platform, a lower end flange of the coupler is fixed with the installation platform, and an upper end flange of the coupler is fixed with a torque bracket in the torque loading device;
(2) Starting a torque loading oil cylinder, slowly applying a torque load to the coupler to be tested, collecting the tension of the torque loading oil cylinder through a tension sensor at the front end of the torque loading oil cylinder, and converting the tension into torque through a data collecting and processing system;
(3) And when the torque is applied, an angular displacement sensor on the torque bracket collects the angular displacement generated under the corresponding torque of the coupler, and finally, the torque-angular displacement diagram of the coupler is obtained through a data collecting and processing system.
6. The method for testing the axial rigidity performance of the large-sized low-rigidity elastic coupling under the torque load is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
(1) The coupler to be tested is arranged on an installation platform, a lower end flange of the coupler is fixed with the installation platform, and an upper end flange of the coupler is fixed with a torque bracket in the torque loading device;
(2) Starting a cylinder control gas circuit on the cylinder lifting balancing device, adjusting the pressure of the cylinder, and counteracting the dead weight of the coupling to be tested;
(3) Starting a torque loading oil cylinder, slowly applying a torque load to a specified torque value to the coupling to be tested, controlling the loaded torque value through a hydraulic control system in the torque loading process, and detecting through a data acquisition and processing system;
(4) And slowly pulling the chain block, applying an axial load to the coupler to be tested under the specified torque load, collecting the axial load through a tension sensor, collecting axial displacement through a radial displacement sensor on the torque bracket, and simultaneously conveying the axial displacement to a data collecting and processing system to form an axial force-axial displacement diagram, thereby obtaining the axial rigidity of the coupler under the specified torque load.
7. The method for testing the radial rigidity performance of the large-sized low-rigidity elastic coupling under the torque load is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
(1) The coupler to be tested is arranged on an installation platform, a lower end flange of the coupler is fixed with the installation platform, and an upper end flange of the coupler is fixed with a torque bracket in the torque loading device;
(2) Starting a cylinder control gas circuit on the cylinder lifting balancing device, adjusting the pressure of the cylinder, and counteracting the dead weight of the coupling to be tested;
(3) Starting a torque loading oil cylinder, slowly applying a torque load to a specified torque value to the coupling to be tested, wherein the loaded torque value is controlled by a hydraulic control system in the torque loading process and is detected by a data acquisition and processing system;
(4) Starting a radial loading oil cylinder, applying radial load to the coupler to be tested under specified torque load, collecting the radial load through a tension sensor, collecting radial displacement through a radial displacement sensor on a torque bracket, and simultaneously conveying the radial displacement to a data collecting and processing system to form a radial force-radial displacement diagram, thereby obtaining the radial rigidity of the coupler under the specified torque load.
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