CN110411701B - Nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel - Google Patents
Nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN110411701B CN110411701B CN201910543498.9A CN201910543498A CN110411701B CN 110411701 B CN110411701 B CN 110411701B CN 201910543498 A CN201910543498 A CN 201910543498A CN 110411701 B CN110411701 B CN 110411701B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel which comprises a nuclear power device, an acting assembly, an air compression assembly and a wind tunnel main body, wherein the acting assembly comprises a steam turbine and a working medium, the nuclear power device is used for heating the working medium to vaporize the working medium, the steam turbine is used for receiving the vaporized working medium, the steam turbine is in transmission fit with the air compression assembly, and the air compression assembly is used for compressing air and inputting the compressed air into the wind tunnel main body. Above-mentioned nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel, accessible nuclear power plant makes the working medium vaporization and gets into the turbine internal expansion and do work to the heating of working medium, change heat energy into the rotatory mechanical energy of turbine rotor, steam turbine and air compression subassembly transmission fit simultaneously, air compression subassembly can compress the air, produce high temperature high-pressure gas and discharge in the wind-tunnel, form the high velocity air current in the wind-tunnel, above-mentioned nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel compares in traditional wind-tunnel, continuously releases the high velocity air current through high-pressure cylinder, consequently above-mentioned nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel can effectively prolong the experimental time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aerodynamic tests, in particular to a nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel.
Background
Wind tunnel is an experimental device that can manually generate and control a flow of air to simulate the flow of air around an aircraft or object, and can measure the effect of the flow of air on the object and observe physical phenomena. The wind tunnel is the most common and effective tool for aerodynamic experiments, and the experimental capacity of the wind tunnel directly determines the aerospace level of a country.
The hypersonic wind tunnel with the Mach number larger than 5 is mainly used for model experiments of missiles, artificial satellites and space shuttles. The experimental items generally include aerodynamic force, pressure, heat transfer measurement and flow field display, dynamic stability, low-melting-point model ablation, mass injection, particle erosion measurement and the like. At present, most of hypersonic wind tunnels are temporary-impulse conventional hypersonic wind tunnels, and generally, heat energy generated by different heating modes such as electric heating, electric arc heating, combustion heating and the like is used for supplying energy to a wind tunnel system, so that high-temperature and high-pressure gas is generated, the gas is accelerated through rectification, the supersonic speed is reached at an expansion part, and a simulation experiment is carried out on a model. As the mach number of the wind tunnel increases, the more energy is required. At present, energy provided by conventional power has certain limitation, such as a combustion heating type wind tunnel, the experiment preparation time is long, only a temporary impulse type can be realized, the effective experiment time is extremely short, and continuous high-speed airflow cannot be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention provides a nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel capable of providing continuous high-speed airflow, which overcomes the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel comprises a nuclear power device, an acting assembly, an air compression assembly and a wind tunnel main body, wherein the acting assembly comprises a steam turbine and a working medium, the nuclear power device is used for heating the working medium to enable the working medium to be vaporized, the steam turbine is used for receiving the vaporized working medium, the steam turbine is in transmission fit with the air compression assembly, and the air compression assembly is used for compressing air and inputting the air into the wind tunnel main body.
The nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel can heat the working medium through the nuclear power device to vaporize the working medium and enter the steam turbine to expand and do work, the heat energy released by the enthalpy drop of the steam is converted into the mechanical energy of the rotation of the steam turbine rotor, meanwhile, the steam turbine is in transmission fit with the air compression assembly, the air compression assembly can compress air to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas to be discharged into the wind tunnel, high-speed airflow is formed in the wind tunnel, compared with the traditional wind tunnel, the nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel continuously releases the high-speed airflow through the high-pressure air cylinder, therefore, the nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel can effectively prolong the experimental time, can better research the working state of the aircraft under the hypersonic condition, the nuclear power device can be continuously heated, has high energy density, can continuously provide power to realize the operation of compressing air to the wind tunnel main body, does not need to prepare materials, and can reduce the experimental preparation time. In addition, according to the nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel, high-speed airflow is formed in the wind tunnel main body in a mode of compressing and releasing air, so that the atmosphere can be better simulated, and experimental data are more accurate and reliable.
In one embodiment, the power module further includes a first circulation pipeline, the working medium is disposed in the first circulation pipeline, the steam turbine is disposed on the first circulation pipeline, the nuclear power plant includes a nuclear reactor, a steam generator and a second circulation pipeline, a coolant for cooling the nuclear reactor is disposed in the second circulation pipeline, and the first circulation pipeline and the second circulation pipeline are respectively connected to the steam generator.
In one embodiment, the nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel further comprises a generator, the air compression assembly comprises a turbine compressor and a high-pressure cylinder, the turbine compressor and the generator are respectively in transmission fit with the steam turbine, the turbine compressor is used for compressing air and inputting the air into the high-pressure cylinder, and an air outlet of the high-pressure cylinder is communicated with the wind tunnel main body.
In one embodiment, the work applying assembly further includes a condenser and a heater, a portion of the first circulation pipeline for exchanging heat with the second circulation pipeline is a heat exchanging portion, the steam turbine, the condenser, the heater and the heat exchanging portion are sequentially disposed, and the generator is electrically connected to the heater.
In one embodiment, a condensing pipeline is arranged in the condenser, a condensing agent is arranged in the condensing pipeline, and the condensing pipeline is used for exchanging heat with the working medium.
In one embodiment, the wind tunnel main body comprises a stabilizing section, a contracting section, a spraying pipe section and an experiment section which are sequentially arranged, an exhaust port of the high-pressure cylinder is communicated with the stabilizing section, the inner diameter of the contracting section is gradually reduced along the direction far away from the high-pressure cylinder, and the inner diameter of the spraying pipe section is gradually increased along the direction far away from the high-pressure cylinder.
In one embodiment, a cooling device is arranged outside the stabilizing section and used for cooling the stabilizing section.
In one embodiment, an air ejector is further arranged on one side of the experimental section, which is far away from the spray pipe section.
In one embodiment, the number of the high-pressure cylinders is at least two.
In one embodiment, the nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel further comprises a gearbox, and the steam turbine is in transmission fit with the turbine compressor through the gearbox.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first engineering schematic diagram of a nuclear-powered hypersonic wind tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a second engineering schematic diagram of the nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel according to the embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
100. the nuclear power plant comprises a nuclear power plant body, a 110, a nuclear reactor body, a 120, a steam generator body, a 130, a second circulation pipeline, a 200, a work doing component, a 210, a steam turbine body, a 220, a first circulation pipeline, a 230, a condenser, a 240, a heater, a 300, an air compression component, a 310, a turbo compressor, a 320, a high-pressure cylinder, a 400, a wind tunnel main body, a 410, a stabilizing section, a 420, a contraction section, a 430, a spray pipe section, a 440, an experimental section, a 500, a generator, a 600 and an air ejector.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The terms "first" and "second" used herein do not denote any particular order or quantity, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, an embodiment discloses a nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel, which includes a nuclear power device 100, an acting assembly 200, an air compression assembly 300 and a wind tunnel main body 400, wherein the acting assembly 200 includes a steam turbine 210 and a working medium, the nuclear power device 100 is used for heating the working medium to vaporize the working medium, the steam turbine 210 is used for receiving the vaporized working medium, the steam turbine 210 is in transmission fit with the air compression assembly 300, and the air compression assembly 300 is used for compressing air and inputting the air into the wind tunnel main body 400.
The nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel can be used for vaporizing the working medium by heating the working medium by the nuclear power device 100 and enabling the working medium to enter the steam turbine 210 to expand and do work, converting heat energy released by enthalpy drop of steam into mechanical energy for rotating a rotor of the steam turbine 210, meanwhile, the steam turbine 210 is in running fit with the air compression assembly 300, the air compression assembly 300 can compress air to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas to be discharged into the wind tunnel main body 400, and high-speed airflow is formed in the wind tunnel main body 400, compared with the traditional wind tunnel, the nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel continuously releases high-speed airflow through the high-pressure air cylinder 320, so that the nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel can effectively prolong the experimental time, can better research the working state of an aircraft under the hypersonic wind tunnel condition, can continuously heat and has high energy density by the nuclear power device 100, and can continuously provide power to realize the operation, the preparation of materials is not needed, and the experimental preparation time can be reduced.
In addition, in traditional wind-tunnel, mainly produce the formula air current of dashing temporarily through alcohol and oxygen burning, the air current that produces this moment is the gas of burning, simulation atmospheric condition that can not be better, and above-mentioned nuclear power hypersonic wind-tunnel forms high-speed air current through compressing and the mode of releasing the air in wind-tunnel main part 400, simulation atmosphere that can be better for experimental data is more accurate, reliable.
Optionally, the working fluid is water. At the moment, the working medium is low in cost and is easy to switch between a gas state and a liquid state, and corresponding heat exchange or work is performed.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the work applying assembly 200 further includes a first circulation line 220, a working medium is disposed in the first circulation line 220, the steam turbine 210 is disposed on the first circulation line 220, the nuclear power plant 100 includes a nuclear reactor 110, a steam generator 120, and a second circulation line 130, a coolant for cooling the nuclear reactor 110 is disposed in the second circulation line 130, and the first circulation line 220 and the second circulation line 130 are respectively connected to the steam generator 120. The nuclear reactor 110 heats the coolant in the second circulation pipeline 130, the heated coolant enters the steam generator 120 to exchange heat with the working medium in the first circulation pipeline 220, so that the working medium is heated and vaporized, the vaporized working medium enters the steam turbine 210 and expands to do work, the rotor of the steam turbine 210 rotates, the heat energy output by the nuclear reactor 110 is converted into mechanical energy, the nuclear energy can output heat energy continuously and stably, the experiment can be supplied with energy by utilizing the nuclear energy, the method is clean and efficient, the emission of harmful substances is reduced, the pollution to the environment is small, and the experiment cost is low. Meanwhile, the first circulation pipeline 220 and the second circulation pipeline 130 exchange heat through the steam generator 120, and the coolant in the second circulation pipeline 130 is recycled, so that the coolant cannot leak to cause nuclear pollution. And at this time, the high-temperature steam generated by the heat release of the nuclear reactor 110 can push the steam turbine 210, so as to push the turbine compressor 310 to work, simplify the energy conversion process, and improve the conversion efficiency.
Optionally, a U-shaped tube and a heat exchange channel are arranged in the steam generator 120, the U-shaped tube is communicated with the second circulation pipeline 130, the heat exchange channel is communicated with the first circulation pipeline 220, and the U-shaped tube is arranged in the heat exchange channel. At this time, the coolant heated by the nuclear reactor 110 in the second circulation line 130 heats the working fluid in the first circulation line 220 to become saturated steam.
Optionally, a first pump is disposed on the second circulation pipeline 130, and the first pump is disposed at an outlet side of the steam generator 120. At this time, the first pump body can transport the coolant cooled after heat exchange back to the nuclear reactor 110 for reheating.
Optionally, the coolant is water. The water has good fluidity and is a good carrier for bringing out the heat of nuclear reaction.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel further includes a generator 500, the air compression assembly 300 includes a turbo compressor 310 and a high pressure cylinder 320, the turbo compressor 310 and the generator 500 are respectively in transmission fit with the steam turbine 210, the turbo compressor 310 is used for compressing air and inputting the air into the high pressure cylinder 320, and an exhaust port of the high pressure cylinder 320 is communicated with the wind tunnel main body 400. The blades of the turbo compressor 310 are connected with the rotor of the turbine 210, and can compress air to form high-temperature and high-pressure gas and input the high-temperature and high-pressure gas into the high-pressure cylinder 320, the high-pressure cylinder 320 inputs the high-temperature and high-pressure gas into the wind tunnel main body to form high-temperature and high-pressure airflow, and the generator 500 is in transmission fit with the turbine 210, so that mechanical energy generated by the turbine 210 can be converted into electric energy, and the utilization rate of the mechanical energy generated by the turbine 210 is.
Alternatively, the shaft of the rotor of the steam turbine 210 is rigidly connected to the shaft of the rotor of the generator 500.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the work applying assembly 200 further includes a condenser 230 and a heater 240, the condenser 230 and the heater 240 are both disposed on the first circulation line 220, the steam turbine 210, the condenser 230, and the heater 240 are sequentially disposed along a conveying direction of the working medium, and the generator 500 is electrically connected to the heater 240. At this time, the working medium in the second circulation pipeline 130 enters the condenser 230 after acting in the steam turbine 210 is finished, is condensed into liquid again after being cooled, is preheated by the heater 240, and enters the steam generator 120 again, and meanwhile, the heater 240 is powered by the generator 500, so that the utilization rate of energy sources can be improved, and the experiment cost is reduced.
Specifically, a second pump is disposed between the condenser 230 and the heater 240, and the second pump can deliver the condensed liquid to the heater 240 and re-deliver the condensed liquid to the steam generator 120.
In one embodiment, the condenser 230 is provided with a condensing line, and the condensing line is provided with a condensing agent and is used for exchanging heat with the working medium. At the moment, the refrigerant can exchange heat with the working medium to condense the working medium into liquid.
Alternatively, the condensing agent may be water, freon, ammonia, or hydrocarbons, such as propane, ethylene, and the like. The condensing agent can be used for condensing working media.
Optionally, a through pipeline is arranged in the condensation pipeline, and is communicated with the first circulation pipeline 220, and is arranged opposite to the condensation pipeline. At the moment, heat exchange between the condensing agent and the working medium can be realized, and the condensing effect on the working medium is realized.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the wind tunnel main body 400 includes a stable section 410, a contracting section 420, a nozzle section 430 and an experimental section 440, which are sequentially disposed, the exhaust port of the high-pressure cylinder 320 is communicated with the stable section 410, the inner diameter of the contracting section 420 gradually decreases along a direction away from the high-pressure cylinder 320, and the inner diameter of the nozzle section 430 gradually increases along a direction away from the high-pressure cylinder 320. After being exhausted, the gas in the high-pressure cylinder 320 enters the stable section 410 at a high speed, is rectified in the stable section 410, and then forms a high-quality gas flow, the gas flow passes through the contraction section 420, and the gas flow is continuously accelerated due to the gradual reduction of the inner diameter of the contraction section 420 so as to reach the parameters required by the spray pipe section 430, and then enters the test section through the spray pipe section 430 to form a high-speed gas flow.
Optionally, the inner diameter of the trial section is greater than the inner diameter of the stabilization section 410. In particular, the inner diameter of the test section is greater than 5 m. At the moment, the space in the test section is larger, which is beneficial to the development of the experiment.
In one embodiment, the outer side of the stabilizing section 410 is provided with a cooling device for cooling the stabilizing section 410. Because the high velocity air flow is at a higher temperature as it passes through the stabilizing section 410, cooling protection is required for the structure of the stabilizing section 410.
Optionally, the generator 500 may also be electrically connected to a cooling device, and the generator 500 supplies power to the cooling device, so as to reduce the requirement on external power and reduce the experiment cost.
Alternatively, the cooling device may be cooled by water cooling, air cooling, or the like.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, an air eductor 600 is also provided on the side of the experimental section 440 remote from the nozzle section 430. The air jet 600 may be used to direct the flow of air within the wind tunnel body 400 and to vent the air to the atmosphere after it has flowed through the test section.
In one embodiment, there are at least two high pressure cylinders 320. More high pressure gas can be stored at this time, which is beneficial to improving the duration of providing high-speed gas flow.
Alternatively, the two high pressure cylinders 320 are in communication in sequence. In this case, the amount of high-pressure gas stored can be increased.
In one embodiment, the nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel further comprises a gearbox, and the steam turbine 210 is in transmission fit with the turbine compressor 310 through the gearbox. Since the turbo compressor 310 requires a high torque, the torque transmitted from the steam turbine 210 to the turbo compressor 310 can be increased through the gearbox, and the compression effect on air is better. At the moment, the turbocompressor 310 has a good air compression effect, and the formed high-speed airflow can easily meet the experimental requirements, so that the size of the wind tunnel main body 400 can be correspondingly increased, and the wind tunnel main body 400 can better meet all the similarity criteria between the wind tunnel flow field and the real flight flow field, or all the similarity criteria corresponding to the two flow fields are equal in number, and the boundary interference is small.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel is characterized by comprising a nuclear power device, a work doing component, an air compression component, a wind tunnel main body and a generator, wherein the work doing component comprises a steam turbine, a working medium and a heater, the nuclear power device is used for heating the working medium to vaporize the working medium, the steam turbine is used for receiving the vaporized working medium, the steam turbine is in transmission fit with the air compression component, the air compression component is used for compressing air and inputting the air into the wind tunnel main body, the work doing component further comprises a first circulation pipeline, the working medium is arranged in the first circulation pipeline, the steam turbine is arranged on the first circulation pipeline, the air compression component comprises a turbine compressor and a high-pressure air cylinder, the turbine compressor and the generator are in transmission fit with the steam turbine respectively, and the heater is arranged on the first circulation pipeline, the generator is electrically connected with the heater, the nuclear power device comprises a nuclear reactor, a steam generator and a second circulating pipeline, a coolant for cooling the nuclear reactor is arranged in the second circulating pipeline, the first circulating pipeline and the second circulating pipeline are respectively connected with the steam generator, the turbine compressor is used for compressing air and inputting the air into the high-pressure cylinder, and an exhaust port of the high-pressure cylinder is communicated with the wind tunnel main body.
2. The nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the acting assembly further comprises a condenser and a heater, the condenser is arranged on the first circulation pipeline, and the steam turbine, the condenser and the heater are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the working medium.
3. The nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that a condensing pipeline is arranged in the condenser, a condensing agent is arranged in the condensing pipeline, and the condensing pipeline is used for exchanging heat with the working medium.
4. The nuclear power hypersonic wind tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that the wind tunnel main body comprises a stable section, a contraction section, a jet pipe section and an experimental section which are sequentially arranged, an exhaust port of the high pressure cylinder is communicated with the stable section, the inner diameter of the contraction section is gradually reduced along the direction far away from the high pressure cylinder, and the inner diameter of the jet pipe section is gradually increased along the direction far away from the high pressure cylinder.
5. The nuclear-powered hypersonic wind tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that a cooling device is arranged outside the stabilizing section and used for cooling the stabilizing section.
6. The nuclear-powered hypersonic wind tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that an air ejector is further arranged on one side of the experimental section, which is far away from the nozzle section.
7. The nuclear powered hypersonic wind tunnel according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein there are at least two high pressure cylinders.
8. The nuclear powered hypersonic wind tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a gearbox, wherein the turbine is in driving fit with the turbine compressor through the gearbox.
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| CN205138753U (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-04-06 | 苟仲武 | Direct current wind -tunnel device |
| CN105403378B (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2018-06-26 | 苟仲武 | A kind of method and its device for improving air storing type wind-tunnel |
| CN105841127B (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2018-01-19 | 无锡雪浪环境科技股份有限公司 | A kind of device and method for lifting steam quality |
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| CN108254130B (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2020-09-22 | 北京化工大学 | Wind tunnel device for continuous high-temperature sealing performance test |
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