CN110411322B - Special gauge for piston pin hole form and position tolerance and detection method - Google Patents
Special gauge for piston pin hole form and position tolerance and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110411322B CN110411322B CN201910802890.0A CN201910802890A CN110411322B CN 110411322 B CN110411322 B CN 110411322B CN 201910802890 A CN201910802890 A CN 201910802890A CN 110411322 B CN110411322 B CN 110411322B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/003—Measuring of motor parts
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B5/245—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing perpendicularity
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of geometric tolerance detection of piston blanks in production sites and discloses a special gauge for the geometric tolerance of piston pin holes and a detection method thereof, wherein the gauge comprises a bottom plate, a standing plate, an upright post and a pin shaft; the front and rear left side walls of the upper part of the standing board transversely penetrate through two groups of chromed optical axes, a group of fixing seats are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the top of the standing board, and the left side walls of the fixing seats are connected with a group of locking handles through bolts; the front side of the upper surface of the bottom plate is fixedly provided with a group of upright posts in an inverted T-shaped structure, the upper parts of the upright posts horizontally penetrate through a group of transverse shafts, the right side of the transverse shafts is fixedly provided with a group of position dial indicators, the right side of the upper surface of the bottom plate is fixedly provided with a group of brackets, the brackets are fixedly provided with a group of cross bars in the front-back direction, and the cross bars are connected with a group of perpendicularity dial indicators in a sliding manner. The invention has the advantages that: simple structure, the operation is swift, and the inspection is accurate for on-line measuring, improvement inspection efficiency that can be very big.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geometric tolerance detection of piston blanks on production sites, in particular to a special gauge for the geometric tolerance of piston pin holes and a detection method.
Background
Pistons are the reciprocating parts in the cylinder block of an automobile engine. The basic structure of the piston can be divided into a top, a head and a skirt. The piston crown is the main part that constitutes the combustion chamber, the shape of which is dependent on the combustion chamber form selected. Generally, compared with the traditional aluminum alloy piston, the forged steel piston has higher reliability, and obviously improves the reduction of the oil consumption and the air leakage of the engine.
The forged steel piston is a development direction of a novel energy-saving environment-friendly diesel engine, and in order to reduce machining allowance, clients have higher requirements on the spatial position tolerance of a forged piston blank. The most accurate detection mode at present adopts a three-coordinate measuring instrument for point detection, and has the defects of long detection time and low sampling frequency, and is not suitable for quality control and 100% detection requirements of mass production processes of production lines.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a special gauge for piston pin hole form and position tolerance and a detection method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a special gauge for the form and position tolerance of a piston pin hole comprises a bottom plate, a standing plate, an upright post and a pin shaft; the pin shaft is in threaded connection with the middle position of the top of the bottom plate, and the pin shaft is used for positioning the initial position of the piston. The device is characterized in that a standing plate is fixedly arranged on the left side of the top of the upper surface of the bottom plate, two groups of chromeplate optical axes transversely penetrate through the front left side wall and the rear left side wall of the upper portion of the standing plate, a group of fixed plates are jointly arranged at the tail ends of the chromeplate optical axes, compression springs coaxial with the chromeplate optical axes are elastically connected to the right ends of the chromeplate optical axes, a group of movable plates are jointly arranged at the tail ends of the compression springs, a group of fixed seats are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the top of the standing plate, a group of locking handles are connected to the left side wall of the fixed seats through bolts, the bottom ends of the locking handles are fixedly connected to the inner side surfaces of the fixed plates, the locking handles are rotated around the bolts through pulling, the chromeplate optical axes are driven to move leftwards and rightwards or squeeze the compression springs, and then the movable plates are driven to move leftwards and rightwards, and then the tested workpieces arranged between the movable plates and the pin shafts are used for fixing and releasing.
The front side of the upper surface of the bottom plate is fixedly provided with a group of upright posts in an inverted T-shaped structure, the upper parts of the upright posts horizontally penetrate through a group of transverse shafts, the right side of the transverse shafts is fixedly provided with a group of position dial indicators, and the position dial indicators are used for detecting the position degrees in the left-right direction of the pin holes. A group of brackets are fixedly arranged on the right side of the upper surface of the bottom plate, a group of cross bars are fixedly arranged on the brackets in the front-back direction, a group of perpendicularity dial indicators are connected to the cross bars in a sliding mode, and the perpendicularity dial indicators can freely move along the direction of the right side edge of the bottom plate and are used for detecting perpendicularity between pin hole execution axes and the side faces of the pistons.
As a further scheme of the invention: the movable plate is of an L-shaped structure, so that the right side face of the front end of the movable plate can be contacted with the right transverse shaft, and the follow-up position dial indicator can be reset conveniently.
As a further scheme of the invention: the movable plate and the fixed plate are parallel to each other.
As a further scheme of the invention: the movable plate is positioned on the right left side of the pin shaft, and a workpiece to be tested is arranged between the movable plate and the pin shaft.
As still further aspects of the invention: a plurality of groups of threaded positioning holes are reserved on the bottom plate, and the positions of the standing plate and the stand column can be freely adjusted through the threaded positioning holes so as to meet the detection requirements of piston blanks with different outer diameters.
The detection method of the special gauge for the piston pin hole form and position tolerance is characterized by comprising two stages of: and detecting the pin hole position degree and the pin hole perpendicularity.
Detecting the pin hole position degree:
1) And (3) adjusting a checking fixture: the positions of the standing plate and the upright post are adjusted according to the outer diameter of the measured piston, and the compression amount of the compression spring is 15-30mm; selecting a proper pin shaft according to the aperture of a pin hole of the piston to be tested;
2) And (3) clamping the piston for the first time: the piston pin hole to be measured is sleeved into the pin shaft, the combustion chamber faces the operation position, the locking handle is pulled to drive the compression spring to push the movable plate to fix the piston, and at the moment, the position dial indicator is contacted with the movable plate and the scale is reset to zero;
3) And (3) clamping the piston for the second time: the locking handle is pulled reversely to drive the compression spring to loosen the movable plate, the piston to be measured is picked up, the piston is turned 180 degrees, the pin shaft is sleeved in, the locking handle is pulled again to drive the compression spring to push the movable plate to fix the piston, at the moment, the reading of the position dial indicator is read, and half of the reading is the value of the position degree of the pin hole.
And (3) detecting the perpendicularity of the pin hole: repeating the steps 1), 2) and 3) and then executing the following operations:
1) And adjusting a perpendicularity dial indicator on which the bracket is installed: according to the size of the measured piston, the position of the movable bracket is adjusted to enable the pointer to move within a measurable range;
2) Track scanning measurement: the rectangular circle is the perpendicularity scanning track of the piston, and the piston is rapidly scanned in two clamping steps. The fluctuation value displayed by the perpendicularity percentage table is perpendicularity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the applicability is wide, the outer diameter phi 60-phi 200mm of the piston can be detected, and the diameter phi 25-phi 80mm of the piston pin hole can be detected; the position degree of the pin hole and the verticality data of the pin shaft center can be rapidly and quantitatively detected, the variation trend can be reflected, an adjustment basis is provided for field operation in time, and the unqualified risk is reduced; simple structure, the operation is swift, and the inspection is accurate for on-line measuring, improvement inspection efficiency that can be very big.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an assembly diagram of a gauge special for piston pin hole form and position tolerance and a gauge for detecting the position degree of a piston blank pin hole by a method.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a testing state of a testing fixture special for piston pin hole form and position tolerance and a testing method.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a vertical scanning track of a piston to be detected in a special gauge for piston pin hole form and position tolerance and a detection method.
Wherein: 1. the device comprises a bottom plate, 2, a standing plate, 3, a chromed optical axis, 4, a fixed plate, 5, a rotating handle, 6, a fixed seat, 7, a movable plate, 8, an upright post, 9, a position dial indicator, 10, a bracket, 11, a pin shaft, 12, a compression spring and 13, and a threaded positioning hole. 14. Verticality dial gauge.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the patent is further described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a special gauge for piston pin hole form and position tolerance comprises a bottom plate 1, a standing plate 2, a stand column 8 and a pin shaft 11; the pin 11 is in threaded connection with the middle position of the top of the bottom plate 1, and the pin 11 is used for positioning the initial position of the piston. The left side fixed mounting in upper surface top of bottom plate 1 has station board 2, and left side wall transverse passing has two sets of chromeplate optical axis 3 around the upper portion of station board 2, and a set of fixed plate 4 is installed jointly to the end of chromeplate optical axis 3, and the right-hand member elastic connection of chromeplate optical axis 3 has the compression spring 12 coaxial with chromeplate optical axis 3, and a set of fly leaf 7 is installed jointly to the end of compression spring 12, and fly leaf 7 is parallel to each other with fixed plate 4. The movable plate 7 is positioned on the right left side of the pin shaft 11, and a workpiece to be tested is arranged between the movable plate 7 and the pin shaft. A group of fixed seats 6 are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the top of the standing plate 2, a group of locking handles 5 are connected to the left side wall of the fixed seats 6 through bolts, the bottom ends of the locking handles 5 are fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the fixed plate 4, the locking handles 5 are pulled to rotate around the bolts, the chromium plating optical axis 3 is driven to move leftwards and rightwards to stretch or squeeze the compression springs 12, the movable plate 7 is driven to move leftwards and rightwards, and then the chromium plating optical axis is used for fixing and releasing a measured workpiece arranged between the movable plate 7 and the pin shaft 11.
The front side of the upper surface of the bottom plate 1 is fixedly provided with a group of upright posts 8 in an inverted T-shaped structure, the upper parts of the upright posts 8 horizontally penetrate through a group of transverse shafts, the right sides of the transverse shafts are fixedly provided with a group of position dial indicators 9, and the position dial indicators 9 are used for detecting the position degrees in the left-right direction of the pin holes. The right side of the upper surface of the bottom plate 1 is fixedly provided with a group of brackets 10, the brackets 10 are fixedly provided with a group of cross bars in the front-back direction, the cross bars are connected with a group of verticality dial indicators 14 in a sliding manner, and the verticality dial indicators 14 can freely move along the direction of the right side edge of the bottom plate 1 and are used for detecting the verticality between a pin hole execution axis and the side face of the piston.
The movable plate 7 is of an L-shaped structure, so that the right side surface of the front end of the movable plate can be contacted with the right transverse shaft, and the follow-up position dial indicator 9 can be reset conveniently.
Example two
A plurality of groups of threaded positioning holes 13 are reserved on the bottom plate 1, and the positions of the standing plate 2 and the stand column 8 can be freely adjusted through the threaded positioning holes 13 so as to meet the detection requirements of piston blanks with different outer diameters.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the detection method of the special gauge for the piston pin hole form and position tolerance comprises two stages, namely: detecting the position degree of the pin hole and the verticality of the pin hole; these two phases are now described as follows:
Detecting the pin hole position degree:
1) And (3) adjusting a checking fixture: the positions of the standing plate 2 and the upright post 8 are adjusted according to the outer diameter of the measured piston, and the compression amount of the compression spring 12 is 15-30mm; selecting a proper pin shaft 11 according to the aperture of a pin hole of a piston to be tested;
2) And (3) clamping the piston for the first time: the piston pin hole to be measured is sleeved into the pin shaft 11, as shown in fig. 2 (the combustion chamber faces to the operation position), the locking handle 5 is pulled to drive the compression spring 12 to push the movable plate 7 to fix the piston, and at the moment, the position dial indicator 9 is contacted with the movable plate 7 and the scale is reset to zero;
3) And (3) clamping the piston for the second time: the locking handle 5 is pulled reversely to drive the compression spring 12 to loosen the movable plate 7, the piston to be measured is picked up, the piston is turned 180 degrees, the pin shaft 11 is sleeved in, the locking handle 5 is pulled again to drive the compression spring 12 to push the movable plate 7 to fix the piston, at the moment, the reading of the position dial indicator 9 is read, and half of the reading is the position degree value about the pin hole.
And (3) detecting the perpendicularity of the pin hole: repeating the steps 1), 2) and 3) and then executing the following operations:
1) The perpendicularity dial gauge 13 on which the bracket 10 is mounted is adjusted: according to the size of the measured piston, the position of the movable bracket 10 is adjusted to enable the pointer to move within a measurable range;
2) Track scanning measurement: as shown in fig. 3, the rectangular ring is the perpendicularity scanning track of the piston, and the piston is rapidly scanned in two clamping steps. The verticality percentage table 14 shows a fluctuation value of verticality.
While the preferred embodiments of the present patent have been described in detail, the present patent is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the present patent within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (1)
1. The detection method of the special gauge for the piston pin hole form and position tolerance is characterized by comprising the special gauge for the piston pin hole form and position tolerance;
the special gauge for the piston pin hole form and position tolerance comprises a bottom plate (1), a standing plate (2), an upright post (8) and a pin shaft (11); the automatic locking device is characterized in that a standing plate (2) is fixedly arranged on the left side of the top of the upper surface of the bottom plate (1), two groups of chromeplate optical axes (3) are transversely arranged on the front left side wall and the rear left side wall of the upper portion of the standing plate (2), a group of fixed plates (4) are jointly arranged at the tail ends of the chromeplate optical axes (3), a compression spring (12) coaxial with the chromeplate optical axes (3) is elastically connected to the right end of the chromeplate optical axes (3), a group of movable plates (7) are jointly arranged at the tail ends of the compression spring (12), the movable plates (7) are in an L-shaped structure, the movable plates (7) are parallel to the fixed plates (4), the movable plates (7) are positioned on the right left side of the pin shaft (11), a group of fixed seats (6) are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the top of the standing plate (2), a group of locking handles (5) are connected to the left side walls of the fixed seats (6) through bolts, and the bottom ends of the locking handles (5) are fixedly connected to the inner side surfaces of the fixed plates (4); a group of upright posts (8) in an inverted T-shaped structure are fixedly arranged on the front side of the upper surface of the bottom plate (1), a group of transverse shafts horizontally penetrate through the upper parts of the upright posts (8), a group of position dial indicators (9) are fixedly arranged on the right side of the transverse shafts, a group of brackets (10) are fixedly arranged on the right side of the upper surface of the bottom plate (1), a group of cross bars are fixedly arranged on the brackets (10) in the front-rear direction, a group of perpendicularity dial indicators (14) are connected to the cross bars in a sliding manner, and a plurality of groups of thread positioning holes (13) are reserved on the bottom plate (1);
The detection method of the special gauge for the piston pin hole form and position tolerance is divided into two stages, namely:
Detecting the position degree of the pin hole and the verticality of the pin hole;
Detecting the pin hole position degree:
1) And (3) adjusting a checking fixture: the positions of the standing plate (2) and the upright post (8) are adjusted according to the outer diameter of the measured piston, and the compression amount of the compression spring (12) is 15-30mm; selecting a proper pin shaft (11) according to the aperture of a pin hole of a piston to be tested;
2) And (3) clamping the piston for the first time: the piston pin hole to be measured is sleeved into the pin shaft (11), the locking handle (5) is pulled to drive the compression spring (12) to push the movable plate (7) to fix the piston, and at the moment, the position dial indicator (14) is contacted with the movable plate (7) and the scale is reset to zero;
3) And (3) clamping the piston for the second time: the locking handle (5) is pulled reversely to drive the compression spring (12) to loosen the movable plate (7), the piston to be tested is picked up, the piston is turned 180 degrees, the pin shaft (11) is sleeved in the piston, the locking handle (5) is pulled again to drive the compression spring (12) to push the movable plate (7) to fix the piston, at the moment, the reading of the position dial indicator (9) is read, and half of the reading is the value of the position degree about the pin hole;
and (3) detecting the perpendicularity of the pin hole: repeating the steps 1), 2) and 3) and then executing the following operations:
1) And adjusting a perpendicularity dial indicator (14) on which the bracket (10) is arranged: according to the size of the measured piston, the position of the bracket (10) is adjusted to enable the pointer to move within a measurable range;
2) Track scanning measurement: the rectangular circle is the perpendicularity scanning track of the piston, the piston is rapidly scanned in two clamping steps, and the fluctuation value displayed by the perpendicularity dial indicator (14) is perpendicularity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910802890.0A CN110411322B (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2019-08-28 | Special gauge for piston pin hole form and position tolerance and detection method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910802890.0A CN110411322B (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2019-08-28 | Special gauge for piston pin hole form and position tolerance and detection method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110411322A CN110411322A (en) | 2019-11-05 |
| CN110411322B true CN110411322B (en) | 2024-04-16 |
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| CN201910802890.0A Active CN110411322B (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2019-08-28 | Special gauge for piston pin hole form and position tolerance and detection method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5873173A (en) * | 1997-07-31 | 1999-02-23 | Redmond; David W. | Device for measuring length and vertical clearance of engine connecting rods |
| CN101907430A (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2010-12-08 | 安徽华祥实业有限公司 | General measuring instrument for position and pulsation of annular groove outside piston |
| CN201772854U (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2011-03-23 | 安徽华祥实业有限公司 | Verticality inspection tester for piston pin holes |
| CN203964806U (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-11-26 | 贵州航天工业学校 | A kind of form and position tolerance pick-up unit |
| CN204988122U (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2016-01-20 | 重庆小康工业集团股份有限公司 | Piston compressor is high, and utensil is examined in measuring special use |
| CN105953684A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-09-21 | 黄石中林科技发展有限公司 | Stator screw hole position testing fixture |
| CN106017285A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-10-12 | 黄石中林科技发展有限公司 | Verticality and symmetry degree testing tool for piston pin hole |
| CN207635974U (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-07-20 | 江苏太平洋齿轮传动有限公司 | Measure the combined detection tool of gear ring M values and gear ring circular runout |
| CN210154504U (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2020-03-17 | 安徽安簧机械股份有限公司 | Special gauge for shape and position tolerance of piston pin hole |
-
2019
- 2019-08-28 CN CN201910802890.0A patent/CN110411322B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5873173A (en) * | 1997-07-31 | 1999-02-23 | Redmond; David W. | Device for measuring length and vertical clearance of engine connecting rods |
| CN101907430A (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2010-12-08 | 安徽华祥实业有限公司 | General measuring instrument for position and pulsation of annular groove outside piston |
| CN201772854U (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2011-03-23 | 安徽华祥实业有限公司 | Verticality inspection tester for piston pin holes |
| CN203964806U (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-11-26 | 贵州航天工业学校 | A kind of form and position tolerance pick-up unit |
| CN204988122U (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2016-01-20 | 重庆小康工业集团股份有限公司 | Piston compressor is high, and utensil is examined in measuring special use |
| CN105953684A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-09-21 | 黄石中林科技发展有限公司 | Stator screw hole position testing fixture |
| CN106017285A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-10-12 | 黄石中林科技发展有限公司 | Verticality and symmetry degree testing tool for piston pin hole |
| CN207635974U (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-07-20 | 江苏太平洋齿轮传动有限公司 | Measure the combined detection tool of gear ring M values and gear ring circular runout |
| CN210154504U (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2020-03-17 | 安徽安簧机械股份有限公司 | Special gauge for shape and position tolerance of piston pin hole |
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| CN110411322A (en) | 2019-11-05 |
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