CN110410684A - Non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline based on acoustic detection monitors system and method - Google Patents
Non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline based on acoustic detection monitors system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110410684A CN110410684A CN201910599778.1A CN201910599778A CN110410684A CN 110410684 A CN110410684 A CN 110410684A CN 201910599778 A CN201910599778 A CN 201910599778A CN 110410684 A CN110410684 A CN 110410684A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
- F17D5/06—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss using electric or acoustic means
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of, and the non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline based on acoustic detection monitors system and method, system includes that module, distributed sensing fiber, data acquisition module and data processing module occur for sequentially connected light source, and distributed sensing fiber is set to pipe under test outer wall and is axially distributed along pipeline.Method includes the sound wave time-domain signal obtained by fluid and tube wall interaction for acquiring distributed sensing fiber, Fourier transformation is recycled to obtain the first frequency range and the second frequency range and its corresponding first crest frequency and the second crest frequency of frequency-region signal after difference processing, first power spectral intensity and the second power spectral intensity, flow velocity measurement is realized according to above- mentioned information, leakage monitoring, leakage point two-dimensional localization, the real-time measurement of the judgement of line clogging situation and silt concertation, avoid the secondary construction of pipeline, in petroleum prospect pit pipeline, the scenes such as subsoil drain have very big application potential.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Monitoring Pinpelines technical fields, are distributed more particularly, to a kind of non-intruding based on acoustic detection
Formula FDDI FDM Fiber Duct monitors system and method.
Background technique
Since reform and opening-up, national economy is rapidly developed, and demand of the China to the energy also increases sharply.Energy problem closes
It is to be the basis of national development and the problem of China gives priority to and pays close attention to national life and national synthesized competitiveness.In
In the energy of numerous kinds and the petroleum resources effect of being even more important such as natural gas, and the safety of its storage and transport
And gradually attract attention, the pipeline transportation mode wide coverage based on long range, and pipeline can across multiple regions, and
Forming complicated oil-gas pipeline transportation network becomes main trend.But long distance pipeline and related auxiliary facility construction cost are huge
Greatly, the validity period of long distance pipeline short then decades or even upper a century.Therefore effective Monitoring Pinpelines method necessitates, at present
Monitoring pipeline safety method has detection ball, Realtime Streaming Transport, volume or mass balance approach, suction wave detection method, pressure in pipe
It is high still to manage interior detection ball cost for numerous methods such as gradient method, and detects ball and be easy to blocking pipeline, real-time model
Method and volume or the precision of mass balance approach be not high, and the real-time of negative pressure wave detecting method is poor, and barometric gradient rule needs
Numerous sensors.There are vane-wheel type flowmeter, electromagnetic flowmeter and ultrasonic flowmeter etc., but leaf for the measurement method of velocity in pipes
The measurement of type flowmeter is influenced by temperature, liquid viscosity and fluid density, electromagnetic flowmeter survey precision it is higher but vulnerable to
Electromagnetic interference, ultrasonic flowmeter are suitble in big pipeline fluid velocity to measure, but for small-bore pipeline measurement there are limitation,
And need active sound source.
Therefore, in numerous Monitoring Pinpelines methods, all there is have a single function, monitoring distance is short, low efficiency etc. is common
Disadvantage.Compared with other monitoring pipeline safety methods, the monitoring pipeline safety method based on distributed optical fiber vibration sensing technology
Have many advantages, such as that electromagnetism interference, anticorrosive, monitoring range is wide, at low cost, monitoring real-time is high, especially the sensor-based system can
With the real-time online monitoring simultaneously to the flow velocity of pipeline, leakage situation, blocking and sand content, and can be exceedingly odious
The lower non-stop run in 24 hours of environment, is more suitable for the real time monitoring of present long distance oil pipeline network.
With the progress of Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques, the distribution type fiber-optic applied to monitorings such as corrosive pipeline, leakages is passed
Sensing system is also developed rapidly, Chinese invention patent " distributed optical fiber pipeline safety monitoring assembly " (application number:
201610426164.X, the applying date: 2016.06.16) it proposes a kind of pipeline leakage based on distributing optical fiber sensing, destroy
Monitoring device, but it only has the function of to the ability of pipeline violent oscillatory motion signal monitoring and more single；Chinese invention
Patent " drainage pipeline monitoring compensation system and method based on OFDR distribution type fiber-optic " (application number: 201810969263.1, Shen
Please day: 2018.08.23) a kind of drainage pipeline distributed optical fiber sensing system based on OFDR system is proposed, realize pipeline
The measurement of multiple physical parameters such as flow velocity, blocking, creep, but OFDR technology is difficult to realize sense while different location multiple affair
Know, and distribution type fiber-optic must be placed in intrusively inner wall of the pipe by the system, considerably increase engineer application difficulty of construction and
Cost, therefore for actual complex piping network, this method has very strong application limitation.
Summary of the invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of, and the non-intruding based on acoustic detection is distributed
FDDI FDM Fiber Duct monitor system and method, it is intended to solve the problems, such as current pepe monitoring system have a single function, application it is poor.
To achieve the above object, it is an aspect of this invention to provide that providing a kind of non-intruding distribution based on acoustic detection
Formula FDDI FDM Fiber Duct monitors system, including module, distributed sensing fiber, data acquisition module sum number occur for sequentially connected light source
According to processing module, distributed sensing fiber is set to pipe under test outer wall and is axially distributed along pipeline.
Preferably, distributed sensing fiber includes temperature-compensated fiber and distributed sound wave sensor fibre.
Preferably, it is separated by between distributed temperature compensated optical fiber and tube wall using sound-proof material, distributed temperature compensated optical fiber
Using tempering material as protective shell.
Preferably, the quantity of distributed sound wave sensor fibre includes at least one.
Preferably, distributed sound wave sensor fibre is microbend when resistant to bending scattering enhances optical fiber to reduce fiber deployment
Bring measurement error.
Preferably, distributed sound wave sensor fibre is using the polyurethane elastomer class acoustic window material of low Young's modulus as tight
Packaging material, to improve sensitivity of the distributed sound wave sensor fibre to tube wall acoustic signals.
It is another aspect of this invention to provide that providing a kind of based on above-mentioned non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline monitoring system
Monitoring method, comprising:
The sound wave time-domain signal for acquiring distributed sensing fiber recycles Fourier transformation to obtain frequency domain after difference processing
The first frequency range and the second frequency range of signal and its corresponding first crest frequency and the second crest frequency, the first power spectral intensity and
Second power spectral intensity；
According to the relationship that the degree of fluctuation of sound wave time-domain signal and flow velocity are positively correlated, according to first band and second band
Standard deviation reflecting wave time-domain signal degree of fluctuation, calculate flow velocity；
Different value by calculating the first power spectral intensity judges the generation of leakage event；
Leak size, the first crest frequency f are obtained according to the relationship of the first crest frequency and leakage aperture1=a (v, ρ1)xz (t,r,ρ2), x is the percent value revealed pore size and account for pipe diameter, wherein a (v, ρ1) it is close with pipeline fluid flow velocity and fluid
Spend relevant coefficient, z (t, r, ρ2) it is and pipe diameter material, the relevant coefficient of thickness；
According to the signal fluctuation standard deviation of the first frequency range along the consecutive variations Trend judgement line clogging thing of pipeline axial direction
The generation of part, and the variance yields size table of the signal fluctuation standard deviation value along pipeline axial directional distribution according to the first frequency range
Expropriation and management road chocking-up degree；
According to sand particle speed contained by the second crest frequency calculating fluid:
Wherein, f2It is the second crest frequency, u1、u2It is pipeline material and sand particle Poisson's ratio, M respectively1、M2Respectively pipeline
The elasticity modulus of material and sand particle, ρ indicate sand grain density, and K, Q are empirical coefficients；
Silt concertation, the second power spectral intensity I are calculated according to the second power spectral intensity2=E (v, ρ) c+F, wherein c is indicated
Silt concertation, E are coefficients relevant to sand particle speed and density, and F is correction factor.
Preferably, the sound wave time-domain signal of the distributed sensing fiber of acquisition is that fluid and tube wall interact to obtain.
It preferably, further include according to more points when being evenly arranged in pipeline outer wall using more distributed sensing fibers
The difference of first intensity of cloth sound wave sensor fibre carries out two-dimensional localization to leak point.
Further, the interactively of pipeline fluid and tube wall is shown below:
Wherein I (t) is the collected water flow of distributed acoustic wave sensing system and the real-time acoustic signals that tube wall effect generates
Intensity value, A (Y, r, t), B (Y, r, t, T), C (Y, r, t) are by pipe under test young modulus of material Y, pipe diameter r, thickness of pipe wall
The coefficient that degree t and temperature T is determined, it is unrelated with flow velocity u, thus stream can be realized after determining coefficient according to actual measurement situation
The measurement of fast u.
Contemplated above technical scheme through the invention can obtain following compared with prior art
The utility model has the advantages that
1, the non-intruding that the non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline monitoring system provided by the invention based on acoustic detection uses
Measuring technique only needs the monitoring that fiber arrangement can be realized to pipeline in tube wall, avoids the secondary construction of pipeline, visits in petroleum
The scenes such as well conduit, subsoil drain have very big application potential, meanwhile, non-intrusive measurement has been greatly reduced cost；
2, the non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline system provided by the invention based on acoustic detection can be with Parallel Implementation flow velocity
Measurement, leakage monitoring, leakage point two-dimensional localization, line clogging situation judge and the real-time measurement of silt concertation, is distributed with tradition
Formula FDDI FDM Fiber Duct monitoring technology is compared, and can be realized the measurement of more multi-pipeline parameter；
3, the non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline system and conventional electrical discrete provided by the invention based on acoustic detection
Monitoring Pinpelines method is compared, and there is pipeline full section to perceive without dead angle, twenty four hours continuously monitors and advantage easy to maintain.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline monitoring system provided by the invention based on acoustic detection
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the process signal of the non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline monitoring method provided by the invention based on acoustic detection
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the standard deviation of the non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline monitoring method provided by the invention based on acoustic detection
Difference-flow velocity relation figure.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline monitoring system based on acoustic detection, such as schemes
Shown in 1, including module, distributed sensing fiber, data acquisition module and data processing module occur for sequentially connected light source, point
Cloth sensor fibre is set to pipe under test outer wall and is axially distributed along pipeline.
Specifically, distributed sensing fiber includes distributed temperature compensated optical fiber and at least one distribution sound wave sense light
Fibre, the embodiment of the present invention choose four and are evenly arranged in pipeline outer wall.
Specifically, distributed sensing fiber is that microbend is brought when resistant to bending scattering enhances optical fiber to reduce fiber deployment
Measurement error.
Specifically, distributed sound wave sensor fibre is using the polyurethane elastomer class acoustic window material of low Young's modulus as tight
Packaging material, to improve sensitivity of the distributed sound wave sensor fibre to tube wall acoustic signals.
Specifically, it is separated by between distributed temperature compensated optical fiber and tube wall using sound-proof material, distributed temperature compensated optical fiber
Using tempering material as protective shell.
The present invention also provides a kind of monitoring methods based on above-mentioned non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline monitoring system, such as scheme
Shown in 2, comprising:
The sound wave time-domain signal for acquiring distributed sensing fiber recycles Fourier transformation to obtain frequency domain after difference processing
The first frequency range and the second frequency range of signal and its corresponding first crest frequency and the second crest frequency, the first power spectral intensity and
Second power spectral intensity；
According to the relationship that the degree of fluctuation of sound wave time-domain signal and flow velocity are positively correlated, according to first band and second band
Standard deviation reflecting wave time-domain signal degree of fluctuation, calculate flow velocity；
Different value by calculating the first power spectral intensity judges the generation of leakage event；
Leak size is obtained according to the relationship of the first crest frequency and leakage aperture；
According to the signal fluctuation standard deviation of the first frequency range along the consecutive variations Trend judgement line clogging shape of pipeline axial direction
Condition, the consecutive variations degree according to the signal fluctuation standard deviation of the first frequency range along pipeline axial direction obtain line clogging degree；
According to the second Strength co-mputation silt concertation；
Sand particle size is calculated according to the second crest frequency.
Specifically, the sound wave time-domain signal of the distributed sensing fiber of acquisition is that fluid and tube wall interact to obtain.
It specifically, further include according to more points when being evenly arranged in pipeline outer wall using more distributed sensing fibers
The difference of first power spectral intensity of cloth sensor fibre carries out two-dimensional localization to leak point.
Acoustic signals are carried out in 0m/s~1.75m/s flow rates to 16mm bore pvc pipe by the above method to obtain
The standard deviation fitting formula for taking and calculating its standard deviation flow velocity and the acoustic signals measured is y=0.31054x2-
0.37555x+0.50004 realizes error using the fitting formula no more than 3.5% in 0m/s~1.75m/s flow rates
Flow velocity measurement, as shown in Figure 3.
And pass through the mobile reflection leakage size of monitoring frequency: leakage monitoring, In are realized to the PVC pipeline of 16mm internal diameter
Energy value is much higher than just under the special frequency band of the acoustic signals measured under 1.088m/s, 1.563m/s and 1.75m/s leak case
Normal dead-tight situation, and as the increase leakage signal feature band of leak size is also mobile toward higher frequency band.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline based on acoustic detection monitors system, which is characterized in that including being sequentially connected
Light source module occurs, distributed sensing fiber, data acquisition module and data processing module, the distributed sensing fiber are set
It is placed in pipe under test outer wall and is axially distributed along pipeline.
2. non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline according to claim 1 monitors system, which is characterized in that the distributed biography
It is photosensitive fine including distributed temperature compensated optical fiber and at least one distribution sound wave sensor fibre, the distribution sound wave sense light
Fibre is that resistant to bending scattering enhances optical fiber.
3. non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline according to claim 2 monitors system, which is characterized in that the distributed acoustic
Wave sensor fibre is using polyurethane elastomer class acoustic window material as hard-pressed bale material.
4. non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline according to claim 2 monitors system, which is characterized in that the distributed temperature
It is separated by between degree compensated optical fiber and tube wall using sound-proof material, the distributed temperature compensated optical fiber is using tempering material as protection
Shell.
5. non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline according to claim 2 monitors system, which is characterized in that the distributed acoustic
Glistening light of waves fibre and the signal of distributed temperature compensated optical fiber acquisition carry out difference processing and are fluctuated with eliminating ambient temperature to acoustic signals
The interference of acquisition.
6. non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline according to claim 1 monitors system, which is characterized in that the data processing
Module includes measurement of rate of flow unit, leakage determination unit, block measuring unit and sand measurement unit.
7. a kind of monitoring method based on non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 monitoring system,
It is characterised by comprising:
The sound wave time-domain signal for acquiring distributed sensing fiber recycles Fourier transformation to obtain frequency-region signal after difference processing
The first frequency range and the second frequency range and its corresponding first crest frequency and the second crest frequency, the first power spectral intensity and second
Power spectral intensity；
According to the relationship that the degree of fluctuation of sound wave time-domain signal and flow velocity are positively correlated, according to the first band standard deviation value
The degree of fluctuation of reflecting wave time-domain signal calculates flow velocity；
Different value by calculating the first power spectral intensity judges the generation of leakage event；
Leak size is obtained according to the relationship of the first crest frequency and leakage aperture；
According to the signal fluctuation standard deviation of the first frequency range along the consecutive variations Trend judgement line clogging event of pipeline axial direction
Occur, and is characterized and managed according to the variance yields size of the signal fluctuation standard deviation value along pipeline axial directional distribution of the first frequency range
Road chocking-up degree；
According to sand particle speed contained by the second crest frequency calculating fluid；
Silt concertation is calculated according to the second power spectral intensity.
8. non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline monitoring method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the sound wave time domain
Signal is that fluid and tube wall interact.
9. non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline monitoring method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that further include according to more
The difference of first power spectral intensity of root distribution sound wave sensor fibre carries out two-dimensional localization to leak point.
10. non-intruding distributed optical fiber pipeline monitoring method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that more distributions
Sound wave sensor fibre is laid at equal intervals along pipeline section, and number is [1,2 ... i], and records corresponding fiber position and pipeline axial direction
Line and horizontal plane angle [θ1, θ2...θi], compare the first power spectral intensity [I11…I1i] size, leakage point is in it
Maximum value Imax1With second largest value Imax2Corresponding angle thetamax1And θmax2Between, it located the sectional position region of leakage point, in conjunction with
The axial positioning function of distributed sound wave sensor fibre, and then realize the two-dimensional localization of leakage point.
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| CN113915536A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-11 | 国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司 | Analysis processing method based on pipeline safety early warning system |
| CN113933220A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2022-01-14 | 华中科技大学 | Optical fiber pipeline sand grain characteristic information monitoring method and system |
| CN114877263A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-08-09 | 华中科技大学 | Pipeline micro-leakage characteristic information monitoring method, system, equipment and medium |
| CN114963030A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-30 | 杭州水务数智科技股份有限公司 | Water supply pipeline monitoring method |
| CN118128953A (en) * | 2024-03-05 | 2024-06-04 | 阀毕威阀门有限公司 | Remote control system and method for valve |
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Application publication date: 20191105 |