CN110410381B - Multi-stage composite telescopic hydraulic cylinder for heavy load - Google Patents
Multi-stage composite telescopic hydraulic cylinder for heavy load Download PDFInfo
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- CN110410381B CN110410381B CN201910750372.9A CN201910750372A CN110410381B CN 110410381 B CN110410381 B CN 110410381B CN 201910750372 A CN201910750372 A CN 201910750372A CN 110410381 B CN110410381 B CN 110410381B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
- F15B15/1438—Cylinder to end cap assemblies
- F15B15/1442—End cap sealings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
- F15B15/1471—Guiding means other than in the end cap
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/16—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type of the telescopic type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2215/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another
- F15B2215/30—Constructional details thereof
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a heavy-load multistage composite telescopic hydraulic cylinder, and relates to the technical field of fluid transmission. According to the invention, through the matching design among the multi-stage cylinders, the telescopic speed of the heavy-load multi-stage hydraulic cylinder can be obviously improved, the stage change impact frequency is reduced, and the problems that the existing composite telescopic hydraulic cylinder is difficult to process and manufacture, cannot be assembled and cannot be filled with oil in advance are solved; and the synchronous error generated in the reciprocating motion of the hydraulic cylinder can be eliminated, and the hydraulic cylinder is simple to machine and manufacture and easy to install and maintain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fluid transmission, in particular to a multi-stage composite telescopic hydraulic cylinder for heavy load.
Background
Hydraulic cylinders are important reciprocating-type actuators in hydraulic systems. Compared with a single-stage hydraulic cylinder, the multi-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinder has the advantages of short initial installation distance, longer stroke and the like, and is widely applied to large-scale heavy-load lifting equipment such as a dumper, a crane and the like. At present, the traditional plunger piston or piston type multi-stage hydraulic cylinder is mostly adopted in large-scale heavy-load lifting equipment, and plungers or pistons at all stages need to extend step by step, so that the extending speed is low. In addition, each stage of plunger or piston rod needs to be replaced, and the effective working area of the hydraulic cylinder is changed rapidly during replacement, so that the system pressure and the cylinder movement speed are suddenly changed, collision and vibration impact are generated, the working reliability of mechanical equipment is influenced, and the lifting working efficiency is also influenced. Aiming at the requirements of hydraulic elevators, overhead working trucks and the like, in recent years, synchronous telescopic multistage hydraulic cylinders are provided, although the hydraulic cylinders have the advantages of high movement speed, no stage-changing impact and the like, under the action of heavy load, the pressure in a cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is high, the overall dimension of the cylinder is large, and the hydraulic cylinder is not suitable for heavy-load lifting occasions with limited installation space.
Therefore, how to design a hydraulic cylinder suitable for heavy load becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to design a hydraulic cylinder suitable for heavy loads.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a heavy-load multi-stage composite telescopic hydraulic cylinder which comprises a cylinder barrel 1, a primary cylinder 2, a secondary cylinder 3, a tertiary cylinder 4, a cylinder head 5 and a cylinder bottom 6; the cylinder barrel 1, the primary cylinder 2, the secondary cylinder 3 and the tertiary cylinder 4 are sequentially nested from outside to inside; the cylinder barrel 1 is of a cylindrical structure, the head end of the cylinder barrel 1 is sealed and supported with the piston rod part of the primary cylinder 2, and the outer edge of the tail end of the cylinder barrel 1 is connected and sealed with the cylinder bottom 6; the head end of the piston rod part of the three-stage cylinder 4 is connected and sealed with the cylinder head 5.
Preferably, the first dust ring 10, the second Glare ring 11 and the second guide ring 12 are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the head end of the cylinder barrel 1 from outside to inside along the axial direction, so that the first dust ring, the second Glare ring and the second guide ring are sealed and supported with the piston rod part of the primary cylinder 2, and the outer edge of the tail end of the cylinder barrel 1 is in threaded connection with the cylinder bottom 6 and is sealed through the first O-shaped ring 7.
Preferably, the primary cylinder 2 comprises a primary cylinder body 2.1, a primary cylinder guide sleeve 2.2, a primary cylinder sealing ring 2.3, a primary cylinder threaded retaining ring 2.4, an exhaust screw plug 2.5 and an oil injection screw plug 2.6; the first-stage cylinder body 2.1 is of a cylindrical structure, the first-stage cylinder guide sleeve 2.2 is of a flange disc-shaped structure, the first-stage cylinder threaded retaining ring 2.4 is of a circular ring-shaped structure, the inner wall of the head end of the first-stage cylinder body 2.1 is in threaded connection with the outer edge of the first-stage cylinder guide sleeve 2.2 and is sealed through a first-stage cylinder sealing ring 2.3, two through holes are formed in the cross section of the first-stage cylinder guide sleeve 2.2 in the axial direction, the exhaust screw plug 2.5 and the oil injection screw plug 2.6 are respectively installed at one ends, close to the flange, of the two through holes, a second dust ring 15, a fourth GRELL ring 16 and a fourth guide ring 17 are sequentially installed on the inner wall of the first-stage cylinder guide sleeve 2.2 from one end of the flange to; the outer edge of the tail end of the primary cylinder body 2.1 is provided with a first Glare ring 8 and a first guide ring 9 which are sealed and supported with the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 1; the inner side of the tail end of the primary cylinder body 2.1 is tightly connected with the outer edge of the primary cylinder thread retaining ring 2.4 through threads, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the part, close to the piston, of the piston rod of the primary cylinder 2 along the radial direction.
Preferably, the secondary cylinder 3 comprises a secondary cylinder body 3.1, a secondary cylinder guide sleeve 3.2, a secondary cylinder seal ring 3.3, a secondary cylinder piston body 3.4, a plug-in one-way valve 3.5 and an oil guide pipe 3.6, wherein the secondary cylinder body 3.1 is of a cylindrical structure, the secondary cylinder guide sleeve 3.2 is of a flange disc-shaped structure, and the secondary cylinder piston body 3.4 is of a cylindrical structure and is provided with an annular groove at one end; the inner wall of the head end of the second-stage cylinder body 3.1 is in threaded connection with the outer edge of the second-stage cylinder guide sleeve 3.2 and is sealed through a second-stage cylinder seal ring 3.3, the inner wall of the second-stage cylinder guide sleeve 3.2 is axially and sequentially provided with a third dust prevention ring 20, a sixth Gray ring 21 and a sixth guide ring 22 from a flange end to the inside, the inner wall is sealed and supported with the piston rod part of the third-stage cylinder 4, the tail end of the second-stage cylinder body 3.1 is provided with 4-8 radial through holes which are communicated with the rod-free cavity of the second-stage cylinder 3 and the rod cavity of the third-stage cylinder 4, the outer edge of the tail end of the second-stage cylinder body 3.1 is in threaded connection and fastening with the inner wall of the annular groove of the second-stage cylinder piston body 3.4, the second-stage cylinder piston body 3.4 is provided with a blind hole along the axial center line, one end of the oil guide pipe 3.6 extends into the blind hole and is welded and fastened with the second-stage, and a radial hole for communicating the rod cavity of the primary cylinder 2 with the oil guide pipe 3.6 is further formed in the secondary cylinder piston body 3.4, a third GREEN ring 13 and a third guide ring 14 are respectively arranged on the outer edge of the secondary cylinder piston body 3.4 along two sides of the radial hole and are sealed and supported with the inner wall of the primary cylinder 2, so that oil in the rodless cavity of the secondary cylinder 3 flows into the rodless cavity of the tertiary cylinder 4 through the plug-in type check valve 3.5, reverse oil cannot circulate, and a radial through hole of the piston part of the primary cylinder 2 close to the secondary cylinder piston body is communicated with the radial hole in the secondary cylinder piston body 3.4.
Preferably, the outer edge of the third-stage cylinder 4 is of a stepped shaft-shaped structure, a stepped hole is formed in the third-stage cylinder 4 along the axial lead, the head end of a piston rod portion of the third-stage cylinder 4 is in threaded connection with the cylinder head 5 and is sealed through a second O-ring 23, 4-8 through holes are radially formed in the position, close to the piston, of the tail end of the piston rod portion of the third-stage cylinder 4, a fifth gurley ring 18 and a fifth guide ring 19 are installed on the outer edge of the piston portion of the third-stage cylinder 4 and are sealed and supported with the inner wall of the second-stage cylinder 3, a seventh gurley ring 25 and a seventh guide ring 26 are installed on an inner hole of the piston portion of the third-stage cylinder 4, and the other end of the oil guide pipe 3.6 extends into the third-stage cylinder 4 and is sealed and supported with the third-stage cylinder.
Preferably, the centers of the two axial through holes of the primary cylinder guide sleeve 2.2 are collinear with three points of the circle center of the primary cylinder guide sleeve 2.2, and the installation position of the exhaust screw plug 2.5 is higher than the position of the oil injection screw plug 2.6.
Preferably, a rodless cavity oil port A communicated with the rodless cavity of the primary cylinder 2 and the rodless cavity of the secondary cylinder 3 is formed in the cylinder bottom 6, and a rodless cavity oil port B communicated with the stepped hole in the tertiary cylinder 4 and the oil guide pipe 3.6 is formed in the cylinder head 5.
Preferably, a first oil cup 24 for lubricating the bearing is mounted on the cylinder bottom 6.
Preferably, a second oil cup 27 for lubricating the bearing is mounted on the cylinder head 5.
Preferably, the part of the piston rod of the primary cylinder 2 close to the piston is provided with 4-8 through holes along the radial direction.
Three beneficial effects
According to the invention, through the matching design among the multi-stage cylinders, the telescopic speed of the heavy-load multi-stage hydraulic cylinder can be obviously improved, the stage change impact frequency is reduced, and the problems that the existing composite telescopic hydraulic cylinder is difficult to process and manufacture, cannot be assembled and cannot be filled with oil in advance are solved; and the synchronous error generated in the reciprocating motion of the hydraulic cylinder can be eliminated, and the hydraulic cylinder is simple to machine and manufacture and easy to install and maintain.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the overall construction of the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of a primary cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a secondary cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a three-stage cylinder in the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-cylinder barrel, 2-first-stage cylinder, 2.1-first-stage cylinder barrel, 2.2-first-stage cylinder guide sleeve, 2.3-first-stage cylinder seal ring, 2.4-first-stage cylinder thread retaining ring, 2.5-exhaust screw plug and 2.6-oil injection screw plug; 3-a secondary cylinder, 3.1-a secondary cylinder body, 3.2-a secondary cylinder guide sleeve, 3.3-a secondary cylinder sealing ring, 3.4-a secondary cylinder piston body, 3.5-a plug-in one-way valve and 3.6-an oil guide pipe; 4-three-stage cylinder, 5-cylinder head and 6-cylinder bottom; 7-a first O-shaped ring, 8-a first Glare ring, 9-a first guide ring, 10-a first dust ring, 11-a second Glare ring, 12-a second guide ring, 13-a third Glare ring, 14-a third guide ring, 15-a second dust ring, 16-a fourth Glare ring, 17-a fourth guide ring, 18-a fifth Glare ring, 19-a fifth guide ring, 20-a third dust ring, 21-a sixth Glare ring, 22-a sixth guide ring, 23-a second O-shaped ring, 24-a first oil cup, 25-a seventh Glare ring, 26-a seventh guide ring, and 27-a second oil cup.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a multi-stage composite telescopic hydraulic cylinder suitable for heavy loads, which comprises a cylinder barrel 1, a primary cylinder 2, a secondary cylinder 3, a tertiary cylinder 4, a cylinder head 5, a cylinder bottom 6, O-shaped rings, Glae rings, guide rings, dust rings and oil cups of different specifications, wherein:
as shown in fig. 1, the cylinder barrel 1, the primary cylinder 2, the secondary cylinder 3 and the tertiary cylinder 4 are sequentially nested from outside to inside, the cylinder barrel 1 is of a cylindrical structure, a first dust ring 10, a second Glare ring 11 and a second guide ring 12 are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the head end of the cylinder barrel from outside to inside along the axial direction, and are sealed and supported with the piston rod part of the primary cylinder 2, and the outer edge of the tail end of the cylinder barrel 1 is in threaded connection with the cylinder bottom 6 and is sealed through a first O-shaped ring 7;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the primary cylinder 2 comprises a primary cylinder body 2.1, a primary cylinder guide sleeve 2.2, a primary cylinder seal ring 2.3, a primary cylinder thread retainer ring 2.4, an exhaust plug screw 2.5 and an oil filling plug screw 2.6; the first-stage cylinder body 2.1 is of a cylindrical structure, the first-stage cylinder guide sleeve 2.2 is of a flange disc-shaped structure, the first-stage cylinder threaded retaining ring 2.4 is of a circular ring-shaped structure, the inner wall of the head end of the first-stage cylinder body 2.1 is in threaded connection with the outer edge of the first-stage cylinder guide sleeve 2.2 and is sealed through a first-stage cylinder sealing ring 2.3, the cross section of the first-stage cylinder guide sleeve 2.2 is axially provided with two through holes, the exhaust screw plug 2.5 and the oil injection screw plug 2.6 are respectively arranged at one end, close to the flange in the first-stage cylinder guide sleeve 2.2, of which the flange disc-shaped structure is formed by the two through holes, and the inner wall of the first-stage cylinder guide sleeve 2.2 is axially and sequentially provided with a second dust ring 15, a fourth GRIN ring 16 and a fourth guide ring 17 and; the outer edge of the tail end of the primary cylinder body 2.1 is provided with a first Glare ring 8 and a first guide ring 9 which are sealed and supported with the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 1; the inner side of the tail end of the primary cylinder body 2.1 is fixedly connected with the outer edge of the primary cylinder threaded retaining ring 2.4 through threads, and the part of the piston rod of the primary cylinder 2, which is close to the piston, is provided with 4-8 through holes along the radial direction;
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, the secondary cylinder 3 further includes a secondary cylinder body 3.1, a secondary cylinder guide sleeve 3.2, a secondary cylinder seal ring 3.3, a secondary cylinder piston body 3.4, a plug-in one-way valve 3.5 and an oil guide pipe 3.6, the secondary cylinder body 3.1 is of a cylindrical structure, the secondary cylinder guide sleeve 3.2 is of a flange disc-shaped structure, the secondary cylinder piston body 3.4 is of a cylindrical structure, and one end of the secondary cylinder piston body is provided with an annular groove; the inner wall of the head end of the second-stage cylinder body 3.1 is in threaded connection with the outer edge of the second-stage cylinder guide sleeve 3.2 and is sealed through a second-stage cylinder seal ring 3.3, the inner wall of the second-stage cylinder guide sleeve 3.2 is axially and sequentially provided with a third dust prevention ring 20, a sixth Gray ring 21 and a sixth guide ring 22 from a flange end to the inside, the inner wall is sealed and supported with the piston rod part of the third-stage cylinder 4, the tail end of the second-stage cylinder body 3.1 is provided with 4-8 radial through holes which are communicated with the rod-free cavity of the second-stage cylinder 3 and the rod cavity of the third-stage cylinder 4, the outer edge of the tail end of the second-stage cylinder body 3.1 is in threaded connection and fastening with the inner wall of the annular groove of the second-stage cylinder piston body 3.4, the second-stage cylinder piston body 3.4 is provided with a blind hole along the axial center line, one end of the oil guide pipe 3.6 extends into the blind hole and is welded and fastened with the second-stage, a radial hole for communicating a rod cavity of the primary cylinder 2 with an oil guide pipe 3.6 is further formed in the secondary cylinder piston body 3.4, a third GREEN ring 13 and a third guide ring 14 are respectively installed on the outer edge of the secondary cylinder piston body 3.4 along two sides of the radial hole and are sealed and supported with the inner wall of the primary cylinder 2, so that oil in the rodless cavity of the secondary cylinder 3 flows into the rodless cavity of the tertiary cylinder 4 through a plug-in type check valve 3.5, reverse oil cannot flow, and a radial through hole of the portion, close to the piston, of the primary cylinder 2 is communicated with the radial hole in the secondary cylinder piston body 3.4;
as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the outer edge of the tertiary cylinder 4 is of a stepped shaft-shaped structure, a stepped hole is formed in the inner part of the tertiary cylinder 4 along the axial lead, the head end of a piston rod part of the tertiary cylinder 4 is in threaded connection with a cylinder head 5 and is sealed by a second O-ring 23, 4-8 through holes are radially formed in the tail end of the piston rod part of the tertiary cylinder 4, which is close to the piston part, a fifth gurley ring 18 and a fifth guide ring 19 are installed on the outer edge of the piston part of the tertiary cylinder 4 and are sealed and supported with the inner wall of the secondary cylinder 3, a seventh gurley ring 25 and a seventh guide ring 26 are installed on the inner hole of the piston part of the tertiary cylinder 4, and the other end of the oil guide pipe 3.6 extends into the inner part of the tertiary cylinder 4 and is sealed and supported with the tertiary cylinder 4 by the seventh gurley ring 25 and;
the centers of the two axial through holes of the primary cylinder guide sleeve 2.2 are collinear with three points of the circle center of the primary cylinder guide sleeve 2.2, and the installation position of the exhaust screw plug 2.5 is higher than the position of the oil injection screw plug 2.6;
a rodless cavity oil port A communicated with the rodless cavity of the primary cylinder 2 and the rodless cavity of the secondary cylinder 3 is formed in the cylinder bottom 6, and a rodless cavity oil port B communicated with the stepped hole in the tertiary cylinder 4 and the oil guide pipe 3.6 is formed in the cylinder head 5;
a first oil cup 24 for realizing the lubrication of the bearing is arranged on the cylinder bottom 6, and a second oil cup 27 for realizing the lubrication of the bearing is arranged on the cylinder head 5.
The working process of the heavy-load multistage composite telescopic hydraulic cylinder is as follows: before use, the exhaust screw plug 2.5 and the oil injection screw plug 2.6 are opened, hydraulic oil is injected into the rod cavity of the secondary cylinder 3 from the hole for installing the oil injection screw plug 2.6, air in the rod cavity of the secondary cylinder 3 is exhausted through the hole for installing the exhaust screw plug 2.5, and the exhaust screw plug 2.5 and the oil injection screw plug 2.6 are installed and screwed after the rod cavity of the secondary cylinder 3 is filled with the hydraulic oil;
when the hydraulic cylinder needs to extend outwards, high-pressure oil is pumped into a rodless cavity of the primary cylinder 2 from a rodless cavity oil port A, the high-pressure oil drives the primary cylinder 2 to extend out firstly, and meanwhile, oil in a rod cavity of the primary cylinder 2 sequentially flows through a radial through hole of the part, close to the piston, of the primary cylinder 2, a radial hole of a piston body 3.4 of the secondary cylinder and an oil guide pipe 3.6 and then flows out from a rodless cavity oil port B on the cylinder head 5; the rod cavity of the secondary cylinder 3 and the rodless cavity of the tertiary cylinder 4 form a closed cavity, after the primary cylinder 2 extends in place, high-pressure oil drives the secondary cylinder 3 to extend outwards again, at the moment, oil in the rod cavity of the secondary cylinder 3 enters the rodless cavity of the tertiary cylinder 4 through a radial through hole in a cylinder body 3.1 of the secondary cylinder, the secondary cylinder 3 and the tertiary cylinder 4 are pushed to simultaneously and synchronously extend outwards, so that the extension speed of the hydraulic cylinder can be obviously improved, and meanwhile, the oil in the rod cavity of the tertiary cylinder 4 flows through a radial hole in a piston rod of the tertiary cylinder 4 and an axial hole in the tertiary cylinder 4 and then flows out from an oil port B in the rodless cavity of a cylinder head 5; the second-stage cylinder 3 and the third-stage cylinder 4 move and stop at the same time, so that the problem of stage change does not exist, and the buffering impact frequency is obviously reduced;
when the hydraulic cylinder needs to retract, high-pressure oil is pumped into a rod cavity of the third-stage cylinder 4 from a rod cavity oil port B, meanwhile, oil in a rodless cavity of the third-stage cylinder 4 enters a rod cavity of the second-stage cylinder 3 through a radial through hole in a second-stage cylinder body 3.1, the second-stage cylinder 3 and the third-stage cylinder 4 are driven to retract synchronously, after the second-stage cylinder 3 and the third-stage cylinder 4 retract in place, the high-pressure oil enters a rodless cavity of the first-stage cylinder 2 through an oil guide pipe 3.6, a radial hole in a second-stage cylinder piston body 3.4 and a radial through hole in a part, close to a piston, of the first-stage cylinder 2 in sequence, and meanwhile, the oil in the rodless cavity of the first;
the exhaust and oil filling of the closed containing cavity are realized through the exhaust screw plug 2.5 and the oil filling screw plug 2.6, in the process of repeated reciprocating motion of the hydraulic cylinder, when oil in the closed containing cavity formed by a rodless cavity of the third-stage cylinder 4 and a rod cavity of the second-stage cylinder 3 leaks, the plug-in type check valve 3.5 mounted on the piston body 3.4 of the second-stage cylinder is automatically opened, the oil is supplemented to the closed containing cavity, and the synchronous motion precision of the second-stage cylinder 3 and the third-stage cylinder 4 can be further ensured.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-stage composite telescopic hydraulic cylinder for heavy load is characterized by comprising a cylinder barrel (1), a primary cylinder (2), a secondary cylinder (3), a tertiary cylinder (4), a cylinder head (5) and a cylinder bottom (6); the cylinder barrel (1), the primary cylinder (2), the secondary cylinder (3) and the tertiary cylinder (4) are sequentially nested from outside to inside; the cylinder barrel (1) is of a cylindrical structure, the head end of the cylinder barrel is sealed and supported with the piston rod part of the primary cylinder (2), and the outer edge of the tail end of the cylinder barrel (1) is connected and sealed with the cylinder bottom (6); the head end of the piston rod part of the three-stage cylinder (4) is connected and sealed with the cylinder head (5);
a first dustproof ring (10), a second GREEN (11) and a second guide ring (12) are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the head end of the cylinder barrel (1) from outside to inside along the axial direction to realize sealing and supporting with the piston rod part of the primary cylinder (2), and the outer edge of the tail end of the cylinder barrel (1) is in threaded connection with the cylinder bottom (6) and realizes sealing through a first O-shaped ring (7);
the primary cylinder (2) comprises a primary cylinder body (2.1), a primary cylinder guide sleeve (2.2), a primary cylinder sealing ring (2.3), a primary cylinder threaded retaining ring (2.4), an exhaust plug screw (2.5) and an oiling plug screw (2.6); the primary cylinder body (2.1) is of a cylindrical structure, the primary cylinder guide sleeve (2.2) is of a flange disc-shaped structure, the primary cylinder thread retaining ring (2.4) is of a circular ring-shaped structure, the inner wall of the head end of the primary cylinder body (2.1) is in threaded connection with the outer edge of the primary cylinder guide sleeve (2.2) and is sealed through a primary cylinder seal ring (2.3), two through holes are formed in the cross section of the primary cylinder guide sleeve (2.2) in the axial direction, the exhaust screw plug (2.5) and the oil injection screw plug (2.6) are respectively installed at one ends, close to the flange, of the two through holes, the inner wall of the primary cylinder guide sleeve (2.2) is axially and sequentially provided with a second dust ring (15), a fourth GRILL ring (16) and a fourth guide ring (17) from one end of the flange to the inside, and is sealed and supported with the piston rod part of the; the outer edge of the tail end of the primary cylinder body (2.1) is provided with a first Glare ring (8) and a first guide ring (9) which are sealed and supported with the inner wall of the cylinder (1); the inner side of the tail end of the primary cylinder body (2.1) is fixedly connected with the outer edge of the primary cylinder threaded retaining ring (2.4) through threads, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the part, close to the piston, of the piston rod of the primary cylinder (2) along the radial direction;
the secondary cylinder (3) comprises a secondary cylinder body (3.1), a secondary cylinder guide sleeve (3.2), a secondary cylinder sealing ring (3.3), a secondary cylinder piston body (3.4), a plug-in one-way valve (3.5) and an oil guide pipe (3.6), the secondary cylinder body (3.1) is of a cylindrical structure, the secondary cylinder guide sleeve (3.2) is of a flange disc-shaped structure, and the secondary cylinder piston body (3.4) is of a cylindrical structure and is provided with an annular groove at one end; the inner wall of the head end of the second-stage cylinder body (3.1) is in threaded connection with the outer edge of the second-stage cylinder guide sleeve (3.2) and is sealed through a second-stage cylinder sealing ring (3.3), the inner wall of the second-stage cylinder guide sleeve (3.2) is axially and sequentially provided with a third dust prevention ring (20), a sixth GRILL ring (21) and a sixth guide ring (22) inwards from a flange end, and is sealed and supported with the piston rod part of the third-stage cylinder (4), the tail end of the second-stage cylinder body (3.1) is provided with 4-8 radial through holes for communicating a rod cavity of the second-stage cylinder (3) with a rod cavity of the third-stage cylinder (4), the outer edge of the tail end of the second-stage cylinder body (3.1) is in threaded connection and fastening with the inner wall of the annular groove of the second-stage cylinder piston body (3.4), the second-stage cylinder piston body (3.4) is provided with a blind hole along the axial central line, one end of the oil, a step through hole is axially formed from the bottom of the annular groove of the second-stage cylinder piston body (3.4), a plug-in one-way valve (3.5) is installed in the step through hole, a radial hole for communicating a rod cavity of the first-stage cylinder (2) with an oil guide pipe (3.6) is further formed in the second-stage cylinder piston body (3.4), a third GRILL ring (13) and a third guide ring (14) are respectively installed on the outer edge of the second-stage cylinder piston body (3.4) along two sides of the radial hole and are sealed and supported with the inner wall of the first-stage cylinder (2), therefore, oil in the rod-free cavity of the second-stage cylinder (3) flows into a rod-free cavity of the third-stage cylinder (4) through the plug-in one-way valve (3.5), reverse oil cannot flow, and the radial through hole of the piston part of the first-stage cylinder (2) is communicated with the radial hole in the.
2. The multi-stage composite hydraulic cylinder for heavy load according to claim 1, wherein the outer edge of the three-stage cylinder (4) has a stepped shaft-like structure, a stepped hole is arranged inside the three-stage cylinder (4) along the axial lead, the head end of the piston rod part of the three-stage cylinder (4) is in threaded connection with the cylinder head (5) and is sealed by a second O-shaped ring (23), the tail end of the piston rod part of the three-stage cylinder (4) close to the piston part is radially provided with 4-8 through holes, the outer edge of the piston part of the three-stage cylinder (4) is provided with a fifth Glare ring (18) and a fifth guide ring (19) and realizes sealing and supporting with the inner wall of the second-stage cylinder (3), the inner hole of the piston part of the three-stage cylinder (4) is provided with a seventh Glare ring (25) and a seventh guide ring (26), the other end of the oil guide pipe (3.6) extends into the third-stage cylinder (4) and is sealed and supported with the third-stage cylinder (4) through a seventh Glare ring (25) and a seventh guide ring (26).
3. The multi-stage composite telescopic hydraulic cylinder for heavy load according to claim 2, characterized in that the centers of the two axial through holes of the primary cylinder guide sleeve (2.2) are collinear with the three points of the center of the primary cylinder guide sleeve (2.2), and the installation position of the exhaust screw plug (2.5) is higher than the position of the oil injection screw plug (2.6).
4. The multi-stage composite telescopic hydraulic cylinder for heavy load according to claim 3, wherein a rodless cavity oil port A communicated with the rodless cavity of the primary cylinder (2) and the rodless cavity of the secondary cylinder (3) is formed in the cylinder bottom (6), and a rodless cavity oil port B communicated with the stepped hole in the tertiary cylinder (4) and the oil guide pipe (3.6) is formed in the cylinder head (5).
5. The multi-stage composite telescopic hydraulic cylinder for heavy loads according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder bottom (6) is provided with a first oil cup (24) for lubricating the bearing.
6. The multi-stage compound telescopic hydraulic cylinder for heavy loads according to claim 1, characterized in that a second oil cup (27) for lubricating the bearing is mounted on the cylinder head (5).
7. The multi-stage composite telescopic hydraulic cylinder for heavy loads according to claim 1, wherein the portion of the piston rod of the primary cylinder (2) close to the piston is provided with 4-8 through holes along the radial direction.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113550957B (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2024-02-06 | 北京机械设备研究所 | Two-stage synchronous hydraulic cylinder |
| CN112431811A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-02 | 徐州徐工液压件有限公司 | Double-cylinder combined type multi-stage bolt hydraulic cylinder |
| CN113175460B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2023-09-01 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Hydraulic cylinder with variable piston section |
| US20230323902A1 (en) | 2022-04-06 | 2023-10-12 | Caterpillar Inc. | Actuator for machine |
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