CN110410187B - Vehicle emission prediction system and method - Google Patents

Vehicle emission prediction system and method Download PDF

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CN110410187B
CN110410187B CN201810408864.5A CN201810408864A CN110410187B CN 110410187 B CN110410187 B CN 110410187B CN 201810408864 A CN201810408864 A CN 201810408864A CN 110410187 B CN110410187 B CN 110410187B
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CN110410187A (en
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朱春波
赵燕
王帅
张虹
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United Automotive Electronic Systems Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

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Abstract

The invention provides a vehicle emission prediction system and a method, wherein the vehicle emission prediction system comprises an instantaneous emission calculation module, a first input module, a second input module, a first query module, an emission correction module and an accumulated emission calculation module, wherein the instantaneous emission calculation module is used for calculating test cycle instantaneous emission data; the first input module is used for inputting an experience emission database; the second input module is used for inputting a first vehicle parameter; the first query module is used for querying an emission correction coefficient in the empirical emission database according to a first vehicle parameter; the emission correction module is used for correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data in real time according to an emission correction coefficient to obtain corrected emission data; the accumulative emission calculating module is used for calculating the accumulative emission data of the test cycle in real time according to the corrected emission data and outputting the accumulative emission data, so that the accuracy of emission prediction can be improved.

Description

Vehicle emission prediction system and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly relates to a vehicle emission prediction system and a vehicle emission prediction method.
Background
The vehicle emission is affected by various factors, such as vehicle conditions, environmental conditions, actual driving conditions, and the like, wherein the vehicle conditions include an engine, a vehicle age, a driving distance, a maintenance condition, fuel quality, and the like, and the environmental conditions include an atmospheric temperature, humidity, a wind speed, and the like, so that the difficulty of predicting the vehicle emission is high.
The current vehicle emission prediction methods mainly comprise two methods, namely an emission prediction method based on vehicle bench test emission data and a phenomenological condition prediction method based on physical theory. The emission prediction method based on the vehicle bench test emission data utilizes the steady-state emission data acquired by the engine bench to establish a mathematical relationship between the emission and characteristic parameters such as rotating speed, torque, fuel consumption rate and the like under different throttle valve opening degrees, thereby realizing the vehicle emission prediction. The phenomenological working condition prediction method solves a chemical reaction differential equation by taking information such as in-cylinder pressure, temperature, fuel injection rate and the like as conditions, is relatively complex in calculation, and only aims at the emission prediction of a certain working condition.
Because the emission data of the vehicle bench test is the emission data measured when the vehicle is in a steady state, the phenomenological condition prediction method is based on the emission data under a single working condition, and the influence of factors such as cold start, a catalyst, an air-fuel ratio and the like on the emission is not comprehensively considered. Therefore, the vehicle emission predicted by the current vehicle emission prediction method has larger error and lower accuracy.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for improvements to existing vehicle emission prediction systems to improve the accuracy of the vehicle emission prediction systems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vehicle emission prediction system and a vehicle emission prediction method so as to improve the accuracy of the vehicle emission prediction system and the vehicle emission prediction method.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a vehicle emission prediction system, which comprises an instantaneous emission calculation module, a first input module, a second input module, a first query module, an emission correction module and an accumulated emission calculation module, wherein the instantaneous emission calculation module is used for calculating instantaneous emission data of a test cycle; the first input module is used for inputting an experience emission database; the second input module is used for inputting a first vehicle parameter; the first query module is used for querying an emission correction coefficient in the empirical emission database according to a first vehicle parameter; the emission correction module is used for correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data in real time according to an emission correction coefficient to obtain corrected emission data; and the accumulated emission calculation module is used for calculating the accumulated emission data of the test cycle in real time according to the corrected emission data and outputting the accumulated emission data.
Optionally, the empirical emissions database includes a catalyst correction database including data of catalyst correction coefficients corresponding to catalyst configuration, a cold start correction database including data of cold start correction coefficients corresponding to cold start, and an air-fuel ratio correction database including data of air-fuel ratio correction coefficients corresponding to air-fuel ratio; the first input module comprises a catalyst correction coefficient input module, a cold start correction coefficient input module and an air-fuel ratio correction coefficient input module, wherein the catalyst correction coefficient input module is used for inputting a catalyst correction database, the cold start correction coefficient database input module is used for inputting a cold start correction database, and the air-fuel ratio correction coefficient input module is used for inputting an air-fuel ratio correction database.
Optionally, the first vehicle parameter includes a catalyst configuration, a cold start condition, and an air-fuel ratio; the first query module comprises a catalyst correction coefficient query module, a cold start correction coefficient query module and an air-fuel ratio correction coefficient query module, the catalyst correction coefficient query module is used for querying a catalyst correction coefficient in a catalyst correction database according to the configuration of a catalyst, the cold start correction coefficient query module is used for querying a cold start correction coefficient from the cold start correction database according to the cold start working condition, and the air-fuel ratio correction coefficient query module is used for querying an air-fuel ratio correction coefficient from the air-fuel ratio correction database according to the air-fuel ratio.
Optionally, the emission correction module includes a catalyst correction module, a cold start correction module, and an air-fuel ratio correction module, where the catalyst correction module is configured to correct the instantaneous emission data of the test cycle according to the catalyst correction coefficient, the cold start correction module is configured to correct the instantaneous emission data of the test cycle according to the cold start correction coefficient, and the air-fuel ratio correction module is configured to correct the instantaneous emission data of the test cycle according to the air-fuel ratio correction coefficient.
Optionally, the instantaneous emission calculation module includes: the third input module is used for inputting the speed and time of a test cycle of the vehicle; the fourth input module is used for inputting a second vehicle parameter; the torque and rotating speed calculation module is used for calculating the rotating speed and the torque of the engine in real time according to the vehicle speed and the time of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameters; the emission database module is used for sorting and storing the vehicle bench test emission data; and the query module is used for querying the vehicle bench test emission data in real time according to the rotating speed, the torque and the second vehicle parameters to obtain the emission data of the engine.
Optionally, the second vehicle parameter includes a final gear ratio, a transmission ratio, a conversion efficiency, and a tire radius, and the torque and rotation speed calculation module is configured to calculate a running resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the vehicle speed and time of the test cycle, the final gear ratio, the transmission ratio, the conversion efficiency, and the tire radius, and is configured to calculate the running resistance of the vehicle according to the following formula
Figure BDA0001642330640000031
Calculating the torque of the engine in real time, wherein Ft is the driving force provided by the engine, igIs a main reduction ratio i0Is the transmission ratio, ηTFor conversion efficiency, r is the tire radius, TtqIs the engine torque; the running resistance comprises air resistance of the vehicle, rolling resistance of the vehicle, acceleration resistance of the vehicle and ramp resistance of the vehicle; the torque and rotation speed calculation module comprises a first calculation module, a second calculation module, a third calculation module and a fourth calculation module, the second vehicle parameters further comprise a rolling resistance equivalent value and an air resistance coefficient equivalent value, and the first calculation module is used for calculating the torque and rotation speed according to the following formula FW＝a+bμ2Calculating the air resistance and rolling resistance of the vehicle in real time, wherein FWIs the sum of the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle, a is a rolling resistance equivalent value, b is an air resistance coefficient equivalent value, and mu is the real-time vehicle speed of a test cycle, or the second vehicle parameter also comprises a driving parameter obtained by a vehicle sliding test, and the first calculation module is according to the following formula FW＝A+Bμ+Cμ2Calculating the air resistance and rolling resistance of the vehicle in real time, wherein FWThe method comprises the following steps that the sum of the air resistance and the rolling resistance of a vehicle is obtained, A, B and C are driving parameters obtained in a vehicle sliding test, mu is the real-time speed of a test cycle, a second calculation module is used for calculating the acceleration resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the speed of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameters, a third calculation module is used for calculating the ramp resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the second vehicle parameters, and a fourth calculation module is used for calculating the ramp resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the sum of the air resistance, the rolling resistance, the acceleration resistance and the ramp resistance of the vehicleThe running resistance of the vehicle and is used according to the following formula
Figure BDA0001642330640000032
Calculating the torque of the engine in real time, wherein Ft is the driving force provided by the engine, igIs a main reduction ratio i0Is the transmission ratio, ηTFor conversion efficiency, r is the tire radius, TtqIs the engine torque.
Optionally, the emission database module includes a fifth input module and a data conversion module, the fifth input module is used for inputting vehicle bench test emission data, the data conversion module is used for converting the vehicle bench test emission data into vehicle transient emission data and storing the vehicle transient emission data, the type of the vehicle bench test emission data is a volume fraction data type, the type of the vehicle transient emission data is a quality data type, and the vehicle transient emission data includes a plurality of sets of engine emission data corresponding to the rotating speed, the torque and the second vehicle parameters one to one.
The invention also provides a vehicle emission prediction method, which comprises the following steps: calculating test cycle instantaneous emission data; inputting an experience discharge database; inputting a first vehicle parameter; querying an emissions correction factor in the empirical emissions database based on a first vehicle parameter; correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data according to an emission correction coefficient to obtain real-time corrected emission data; and the device is used for calculating the accumulated emission data of the test cycle in real time according to the corrected emission data and outputting the accumulated emission data.
Optionally, inputting the empirical emissions database comprises: inputting a catalyst correction database, inputting a cold start correction database and inputting an air-fuel ratio correction database, wherein the catalyst correction database comprises data of catalyst correction coefficients corresponding to the configuration of a catalyst, the cold start correction database comprises data of cold start correction coefficients corresponding to cold start, and the air-fuel ratio correction database comprises data of air-fuel ratio correction coefficients corresponding to air-fuel ratios; the input first vehicle parameter includes a catalyst configuration, a cold start condition, and an air-fuel ratio, and querying the empirical emissions database for an emission correction factor based on the first vehicle parameter includes: and inquiring a catalyst correction coefficient in the catalyst correction database according to the configuration of the catalyst, inquiring a cold start correction coefficient from the cold start correction database according to the cold start working condition, and inquiring an air-fuel ratio correction coefficient from the air-fuel ratio correction database according to the air-fuel ratio.
Optionally, the first vehicle parameter includes a catalyst configuration, a cold start condition, and an air-fuel ratio; querying the empirical emission database for emission correction factors based on a first vehicle parameter comprises: and inquiring a catalyst correction coefficient in the catalyst correction database according to the configuration of the catalyst, inquiring a cold start correction coefficient from the cold start correction database according to the cold start working condition, and inquiring an air-fuel ratio correction coefficient from the air-fuel ratio correction database according to the air-fuel ratio.
Optionally, the correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data according to the emission correction coefficient to obtain real-time corrected emission data includes: correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data according to the catalyst correction coefficient; correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data according to the cold start correction coefficient; and correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data according to the air-fuel ratio correction coefficient.
Optionally, calculating the test cycle instantaneous emission data comprises: inputting the speed and time of a test cycle of the vehicle; inputting a second vehicle parameter; calculating the rotating speed and the torque of the engine in real time according to the speed and the time of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameters; arranging and storing vehicle bench test emission data; and inquiring in real time from the vehicle rack test emission data according to the rotating speed, the torque and the second vehicle parameters to obtain and output the emission data of the engine.
Optionally, the second vehicle parameters include a final gear ratio, a transmission ratio, a conversion efficiency, and a tire radius, and calculating the rotational speed and the torque of the engine in real time according to the vehicle speed and the time of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameters includes: calculating the running resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the speed and time of the test cycle, the main reduction ratio, the gearbox ratio, the conversion efficiency and the radius of the tire;
then according to the following formula
Figure BDA0001642330640000051
Calculating the torque of the engine in real time, wherein Ft is the driving force provided by the engine, igIs a main reduction ratio i0Is the transmission ratio, ηTFor conversion efficiency, r is the tire radius, TtqIs the engine torque; calculating the running resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the vehicle speed and time of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameter comprises: the second vehicle parameters comprise a rolling resistance equivalent value and an air resistance coefficient equivalent value, and when the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle are calculated in real time according to the vehicle speed of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameters, the following formula F is usedW＝a+bμ2Calculating the air resistance and rolling resistance of the vehicle in real time, wherein FWIs the sum of the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle, a is a rolling resistance equivalent value, b is an air resistance coefficient equivalent value, and mu is the vehicle speed of a test cycle, or when the second vehicle parameter comprises the driving parameter obtained by the vehicle sliding test, the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle are calculated in real time according to the vehicle speed of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameter, according to the following formula FW＝A+Bμ+Cμ2Calculating the air resistance and rolling resistance of the vehicle in real time, wherein FWThe sum of the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle, A, B and C are driving parameters obtained by a vehicle sliding test, and mu is the vehicle speed of a test cycle; calculating the acceleration resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the speed of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameter; calculating the slope resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the second vehicle parameter; and calculating the running resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the combination of the air resistance, the rolling resistance, the acceleration resistance and the ramp resistance of the vehicle.
Optionally, when the vehicle rack test emission data is sorted and stored, the vehicle rack test emission data is input first, and then the vehicle rack test emission data is converted into vehicle transient emission data and stored, the type of the vehicle rack test emission data is a volume fraction data type, the type of the vehicle transient emission data is a quality data type, and the vehicle transient emission data includes a plurality of groups of engine emission data corresponding to the rotating speed, the torque and the second vehicle parameters one to one.
The vehicle emission prediction system and the vehicle emission prediction method have the following beneficial effects:
according to the first vehicle parameter, an emission correction coefficient is inquired in an empirical emission database, and the calculated test cycle instantaneous emission data is corrected through the emission correction coefficient, so that the accuracy of the vehicle emission prediction system can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a vehicle emission prediction system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a vehicle emissions prediction system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the construction of a vehicle emission prediction system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a simplified model of a vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a vehicle emission prediction method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of calculating the running resistance of the vehicle in the second embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
100-instantaneous emission calculation module; 110-a third input module; 120-a fourth input module; 130-torque speed calculation module; 131-a first calculation module; 132-a second computing module; 133-a third calculation module; 134-a fourth calculation module; 140-emission database module; 141-a fifth input module; 142-a data conversion module; 150-a query module;
200-a first input module; 300-a second input module; 400-a first query module; 500-an emissions modification module; 600-cumulative emissions calculation module;
710-an engine; 720-a transmission system; 730-a vehicle body; 740-a tyre; t isr-a road.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is merely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention.
Example one
The embodiment provides a vehicle emission prediction system, referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a block diagram of a vehicle emission prediction system in a first embodiment of the invention, and the vehicle emission prediction system comprises an instantaneous emission calculation module 100, a first input module 200, a second input module 300, a first query module 400, an emission correction module 500, and an accumulated emission calculation module 600. The instantaneous emission calculation module 100 is configured to calculate test cycle instantaneous emission data; the first input module 200 is used for inputting an empirical emissions database; the second input module 300 is used for inputting a first vehicle parameter; the first query module 400 is configured to query the empirical emission database for emission correction factors based on a first vehicle parameter; the emission correction module 500 is configured to correct the test cycle instantaneous emission data according to an emission correction coefficient to obtain real-time corrected emission data; the cumulative emission calculation module 600 is configured to calculate cumulative emission data of the test cycle in real time according to the corrected emission data and output the cumulative emission data.
In the embodiment, the emission correction coefficient is inquired in the empirical emission database according to the first vehicle parameter, and the calculated test cycle instantaneous emission data is corrected through the emission correction coefficient, so that the accuracy of the vehicle emission prediction system can be improved.
Specifically, the empirical emissions database includes a catalyst correction database, a cold start correction database, and an air-fuel ratio correction database. The catalyst correction database includes data of catalyst correction coefficients corresponding to catalyst configurations. The cold start correction database includes data of a cold start correction coefficient corresponding to a cold start. The air-fuel ratio correction database includes data of air-fuel ratio correction coefficients corresponding to air-fuel ratios. The first input module 200 comprises a catalyst correction factor input module, a cold start correction factor input module, and an air-fuel ratio correction factor input module. And the catalyst correction coefficient input module is used for inputting a catalyst correction database. And the cold start correction coefficient database input module is used for inputting a cold start correction database. The air-fuel ratio correction coefficient input module is used for inputting an air-fuel ratio correction database.
Specifically, the first vehicle parameter includes a catalyst configuration, a cold start condition, and an air-fuel ratio.
Specifically, the first query module 400 includes a catalyst correction factor query module, a cold start correction factor query module, and an air-fuel ratio correction factor query module. The catalyst correction coefficient query module is used for querying a catalyst correction coefficient in the catalyst correction database according to the configuration of the catalyst, the cold start correction coefficient query module is used for querying a cold start correction coefficient from the cold start correction database according to the cold start working condition, and the air-fuel ratio correction coefficient query module is used for querying an air-fuel ratio correction coefficient from the air-fuel ratio correction database according to the air-fuel ratio.
Specifically, the emissions correction module 500 includes a catalyst correction module, a cold start correction module, and an air-fuel ratio correction module. The catalyst correction module is used for correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data according to the catalyst correction coefficient, the cold start correction module is used for correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data according to the cold start correction coefficient, and the air-fuel ratio correction module is used for correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data according to the air-fuel ratio correction coefficient.
In the embodiment, because the emission correction coefficients of the catalysts corresponding to the corresponding configurations of the catalysts can be inquired under different configurations of the catalysts, the instantaneous emission data of the test cycle can be corrected according to the emission correction coefficients of the catalysts; the method can also be used for inquiring a cold start emission correction coefficient corresponding to a corresponding cold start working condition under different working conditions, such as the working condition of cold start, and correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data according to the cold start emission correction coefficient; or inquiring an air-fuel ratio emission correction coefficient corresponding to the corresponding air-fuel ratio according to different air-fuel ratios, and correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data according to the air-fuel ratio emission correction coefficient; and further, the accuracy of the vehicle emission data predicted by the vehicle emission prediction system in the embodiment can be improved.
The emission correction module 500 corrects the test cycle instantaneous emission data according to an emission correction coefficient, wherein the correction mode can be that the test cycle instantaneous emission data is processed in a deviation or proportion mode according to the obtained catalyst emission correction coefficient, cold-start emission correction coefficient and air-fuel ratio emission correction coefficient.
The embodiment also provides a vehicle emission prediction method, and referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart of a vehicle emission prediction system in a first embodiment of the invention, and the vehicle emission prediction method includes the following steps:
step S110, calculating instantaneous emission data of a test cycle;
step S120, inputting an experience discharge database;
step S130, inputting a first vehicle parameter;
step S140, inquiring an emission correction coefficient in the empirical emission database according to a first vehicle parameter;
s150, correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data according to an emission correction coefficient to obtain real-time corrected emission data;
and step S160, calculating the accumulated emission data of the test cycle in real time according to the corrected emission data, and outputting the accumulated emission data.
Wherein the inputting the empirical emissions database in step S120 comprises:
step S121, inputting a catalyst correction database;
step S122, inputting a cold start correction database;
step S123 inputs the air-fuel ratio correction database.
The catalyst correction database includes data of a catalyst correction coefficient corresponding to a catalyst configuration, the cold start correction database includes data of a cold start correction coefficient corresponding to a cold start, and the air-fuel ratio correction database includes data of an air-fuel ratio correction coefficient corresponding to an air-fuel ratio.
The first vehicle parameters input in step S130 include catalyst configuration, cold start condition, and air-fuel ratio, among others.
Wherein the step S140 of querying the empirical emission database for emission correction factors according to the first vehicle parameter comprises:
step S141, inquiring a catalyst correction coefficient in the catalyst correction database according to the configuration of the catalyst;
s142, inquiring a cold start correction coefficient from a cold start correction database according to a cold start working condition;
in step S143, the air-fuel ratio correction coefficient is searched for from the air-fuel ratio correction database based on the air-fuel ratio.
Wherein the step S150 of correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data according to the emission correction coefficient to obtain real-time corrected emission data includes:
s151, inquiring a catalyst correction coefficient in the catalyst correction database according to the configuration of the catalyst;
s152, inquiring a cold start correction coefficient from a cold start correction database according to a cold start working condition;
in step S153, the air-fuel ratio correction coefficient is searched for from the air-fuel ratio correction database according to the air-fuel ratio.
In the embodiment, because the catalyst correction coefficients corresponding to the corresponding catalyst configurations can be inquired under different catalyst configurations, the test cycle instantaneous emission data can be corrected according to the catalyst correction coefficients; the cold start correction coefficient corresponding to the corresponding cold start working condition can be inquired under different working conditions, such as the working condition of cold start, and the test cycle instantaneous emission data is corrected according to the cold start correction coefficient; the air-fuel ratio correction coefficient corresponding to the corresponding air-fuel ratio can be inquired according to different air-fuel ratios, the instantaneous emission data of the test cycle can be corrected according to the air-fuel ratio correction coefficient, the influence of cold start, the air-fuel ratio and different catalyst configurations on the vehicle emission prediction system can be comprehensively considered, and the accuracy of the vehicle emission data predicted by the vehicle emission prediction system and the method in the embodiment can be further improved.
Example two
The embodiment provides a vehicle emission prediction system and a vehicle emission prediction method. Compared with the vehicle emission prediction system and the vehicle emission prediction method in the first embodiment, the vehicle emission prediction system and the vehicle emission prediction method in the present embodiment provide a novel method for calculating the instantaneous emission data of the test cycle and the instantaneous emission calculation module 100.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a block diagram of a vehicle emission prediction system according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and the instantaneous emission calculation module 100 includes a third input module 110, a fourth input module 120, a torque and speed calculation module 130, an emission database module 140, and a second query module 150. The third input module 110 is used to input the speed and time of the vehicle for a test cycle. The fourth input module 120 is configured to input a second vehicle parameter. The torque and speed calculation module 130 is configured to calculate the speed and torque of the engine in real time according to the speed and time of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameter. The emissions database module 140 is used to collate and store vehicle bench test emissions data. The second query module 150 is configured to query the vehicle bench test emission data in real time to obtain the emission data of the engine according to the rotation speed, the torque and the second vehicle parameter.
In this embodiment, the second vehicle parameters include a final gear ratio, a transmission ratio, a conversion efficiency, and a tire radius. The torque and speed calculation module 130 is configured to calculate the running resistance of the vehicle in real time based on the speed and time of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameter, and is configured to calculate the running resistance of the vehicle according to the following formula
Figure BDA0001642330640000101
Calculating the torque of the engine in real time. Where Ft is the driving force provided by the engine, igIs a main reduction ratio i0Is the transmission ratio, ηTFor conversion efficiency, r is the tire radius, TtqIs the engine torque. The final gear ratio, transmission ratio, conversion efficiency and tire radius may all be input from the fourth input module 120.
The second vehicle parameter may also include other vehicle related parameters such as vehicle mass, tire parameters, gear ratio, final drive ratio, gearbox inertia, engine inertia, vehicle inertia, transmission efficiency, and road parameters.
Referring to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a simplified model of a vehicle including an engine 710, a drive train 720, a vehicle body 730, and tires 740 in one embodiment of the invention. The tire 740 may be subjected to rolling resistance, slope resistance, air resistance, and acceleration resistance during the running of the vehicle on the road Tr. According to the vehicle theory, at each instant during the travel of the vehicle, the driving force provided by the engine 710 is equal to the sum of the various traveling resistances of the vehicle during the travel. Namely, the following driving equation:
Ft＝Fj+Fa+Fi+Ff (1-2)
in the formula: ft is the driving force provided by the engine 710, FfTo rolling resistance, FaAs air resistance, FjFor acceleration resistance, FiIs the ramp resistance.
In the present embodiment, the torque and rotation speed calculation module 130 includes a first calculation module 131, a second calculation module 132, a third calculation module 133, and a fourth calculation module 134.
The first calculating module 131 is configured to calculate the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the vehicle speed of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameter.
The second calculating module 132 is configured to calculate the acceleration resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the vehicle speed of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameter. Specifically, the acceleration resistance of the vehicle can be calculated according to the vehicle speed of the test cycle, the entire vehicle mass, the vehicle inertia and the like.
The third calculating module 133 is configured to calculate the slope resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the second vehicle parameter. Specifically, the acceleration resistance of the vehicle can be calculated according to the whole vehicle mass, the vehicle inertia, the road parameters and the like of the test cycle.
The fourth calculation module 134 is used for calculating the driving resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the combination of the air resistance, the rolling resistance, the acceleration resistance and the ramp resistance of the vehicle. The fourth calculation module 134 is further configured to calculate the following formula
Figure BDA0001642330640000111
The torque of the engine 710 is calculated in real time. Where Ft is the driving force provided by the engine 710, igIs a main reduction ratio i0Is the transmission ratio, ηTFor conversion efficiency, r is the tire radius, TtqIs the torque of the engine 710.
In this embodiment, the second vehicle parameter further includes a rolling resistance equivalent value and an air resistance coefficient equivalent value. The first calculation module 131 is based on the following formula
FW＝a+bμ2 (1-3)
The air resistance and rolling resistance of the vehicle are calculated in real time. Wherein, FWIs the sum of the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle, a is the rolling resistance equivalent value, b is the air resistance coefficient equivalent value, and mu is the real-time vehicle speed of the test cycle.
Specifically, the rolling resistance and air resistance of the vehicle generated by the friction effect in the brake device and the chassis dynamometer at the vehicle speed of 0 km/h-km/h have the following relationship with the vehicle speed,
Fw＝a+bμ2 (1-3)
wherein, FwAs air resistance and roll of the vehicleThe sum of dynamic resistance, a is a rolling resistance equivalent value, b is an air resistance coefficient equivalent value, and mu is the vehicle speed. And the rolling resistance equivalent value and the air resistance coefficient equivalent value can be obtained in related regulation files. In this embodiment, the rolling resistance equivalent value and the air resistance coefficient equivalent value may be input from the fourth input module 120.
In another embodiment, the air resistance and rolling resistance of the vehicle may also be calculated in other ways. Specifically, the second vehicle parameter further includes a running parameter obtained through a vehicle coasting test. The first calculation module 131 is based on the following formula
FW＝A+Bμ+Cμ2 (1-4)
The air resistance and rolling resistance of the vehicle are calculated in real time. Wherein, FWThe sum of the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle, A, B and C are driving parameters obtained by a vehicle sliding test, and mu is the real-time vehicle speed of a test cycle. That is, the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle can be calculated by the running parameters obtained by the vehicle coasting test input from the fourth input module 120 and the above-mentioned formulas between the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle and the vehicle speed in the present embodiment. The driving parameters A, B and C obtained by the vehicle sliding test can be obtained from test data of a rotary drum test. The calculation of the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle through the formulas (1-4) has the advantages of less related second vehicle parameters, accuracy, reliability and strong practicability.
In this embodiment, the rotation speed of the engine 710 is generally calculated by the vehicle speed of the vehicle in the test cycle input by the third input module 110 and the second vehicle parameter input by the fourth input module 120.
The emissions database module 140 includes a fifth input module 141 and a data conversion module 142. The fifth input module 141 is used for inputting vehicle bench test emission data. The data conversion module 142 is configured to convert the vehicle bench test emissions data into vehicle transient emissions data and store the vehicle transient emissions data. The type of the vehicle bench test emission data is a volume fraction data type, and the type of the vehicle transient emission data is a mass data type. The vehicle transient emission data includes a plurality of sets of emission data for the engine 710 corresponding one-to-one to the speed, torque, and second vehicle parameter. The second parameter in the vehicle transient emission data may be a vehicle mass, a tire parameter, a transmission ratio, a final reduction ratio, a gearbox inertia, an engine inertia, a vehicle inertia, a transmission efficiency, and the like.
The vehicle bench test emission data is vehicle universal characteristic emission data which includes volume fraction data, such as pollutant to emission volume ratio data, and mass fraction data, and in this embodiment, the volume fraction data is converted into mass fraction data, so that the vehicle bench test emission data is unified into mass fraction data, which facilitates querying the emission data of the engine 710 through the second query module 150.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the vehicle bench test emission data includes volume ratio data of pollutants to emissions, and the conversion of the vehicle bench test emission data into the vehicle transient emission data may be implemented by the following formula:
Figure BDA0001642330640000131
therefore, the adaptability of the vehicle emission prediction system to various vehicle bench test emission data can be effectively improved, and the universality of the vehicle emission prediction system can be improved.
In this embodiment, when the second query module 150 queries the emission data of the engine 710 in real time from the vehicle bench test emission data according to the rotation speed, the torque and the second vehicle parameter, the vehicle bench test emission data corresponding to the rotation speed, the torque and the second vehicle parameter may be queried in the emission database module 140 through a mapping algorithm, so as to obtain the emission data of the engine 710.
In this embodiment, the third input module 110 may input the speed and the time of the test cycle of the vehicle by inputting the speed-time relationship curve of the test cycle.
In this embodiment, the second vehicle parameters that can be input through the fourth input module 120 include, but are not limited to, the following parameters: the system comprises a main reduction ratio, a gearbox ratio, conversion efficiency, a tire radius, a rolling resistance equivalent value, an air resistance coefficient equivalent value, driving parameters obtained by a vehicle sliding test, vehicle body weight and ramp parameters.
The embodiment also provides a vehicle emission prediction method. Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a flowchart of a vehicle emission prediction method in one embodiment of the invention, the vehicle emission prediction method including:
step S210, inputting the speed and time of a test cycle of the vehicle;
step S220, inputting a second vehicle parameter;
step S230, calculating the rotating speed and the torque of the engine 710 in real time according to the vehicle speed and the time of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameters;
step S240, arranging and storing the vehicle bench test emission data;
step S250, inquiring the vehicle bench test emission data in real time according to the rotating speed, the torque and the second vehicle parameters to obtain the emission data of the engine 710;
the step S230 includes:
step S231, calculating the running resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the speed and time of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameter;
step S232, according to the following formula
Figure BDA0001642330640000132
Calculating the torque of the engine 710 in real time, wherein Ft is the driving force provided by the engine 710, igIs a main reduction ratio i0Is the transmission ratio, ηTFor conversion efficiency, r is the tire radius, TtqIs the engine 710 torque.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a flowchart of calculating the running resistance of the vehicle in the second embodiment of the present invention, and in step S231, calculating the running resistance of the vehicle in real time includes:
step S232, calculating the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the vehicle speed of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameter;
step S233, calculating the acceleration resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the speed of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameter;
step S234, calculating the slope resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the second vehicle parameter;
step S235, calculating the running resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the combination of the air resistance, the rolling resistance, the acceleration resistance and the ramp resistance of the vehicle.
The second vehicle parameter input in step S220 includes a rolling resistance equivalent value and an air resistance coefficient equivalent value. In step S232, when the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle are calculated in real time, the following formula is used
FW＝a+bμ2
Calculating the air resistance and rolling resistance of the vehicle in real time, wherein FWIs the sum of the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle, a is the rolling resistance equivalent value, b is the air resistance coefficient equivalent value, and mu is the vehicle speed of the test cycle.
In another embodiment, the second vehicle parameter input in step S220 includes a driving parameter obtained through a vehicle coasting test. In step S232, when calculating the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle in real time, the following formula may be further used
FW＝A+Bμ+Cμ2
Calculating the air resistance and rolling resistance of the vehicle in real time, wherein FWThe sum of the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle, A, B and C are running parameters obtained in a vehicle sliding test, and mu is the vehicle speed of a test cycle.
The vehicle transient emission data includes a plurality of sets of engine 710 emission data corresponding to the rotational speed, the torque, and the second vehicle parameter one to one, and the sorting and storing the vehicle bench test emission data in step S240 includes:
step S241, inputting vehicle bench test emission data;
step S242, converting the vehicle bench test emission data into vehicle transient emission data and storing the vehicle transient emission data, where the type of the vehicle bench test emission data is a volume fraction data type, and the type of the vehicle transient emission data is a mass data type.
The method for calculating the driving resistance in the vehicle emission prediction system and the method in the embodiment can simplify the second vehicle parameter needing to be input, simplify the operation process, accelerate the operation speed of the vehicle emission prediction system, improve the response speed of the vehicle emission prediction system, and improve the operability and the universality of the vehicle emission prediction system.
The emission database module 140 in the embodiment can effectively improve the adaptability of the vehicle emission prediction system to various vehicle bench test emission data, and can improve the universality of the vehicle emission prediction system.
The above description is only for the purpose of describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any variations and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure are within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (13)

1. A vehicle emissions prediction system, comprising:
the instantaneous emission calculation module is used for calculating the instantaneous emission data of the test cycle;
a first input module for inputting an empirical emissions database, the empirical emissions database comprising a catalyst correction database, a cold start correction database, and an air/fuel ratio correction database, the catalyst correction database comprising data for catalyst correction factors corresponding to catalyst configuration, the cold start correction database comprising data for cold start correction factors corresponding to cold start, the air/fuel ratio correction database comprising data for air/fuel ratio correction factors corresponding to air/fuel ratio;
the second input module is used for inputting first vehicle parameters, and the first vehicle parameters comprise a catalyst configuration, a cold start working condition and an air-fuel ratio;
a first query module for querying an emissions correction factor in the empirical emissions database based on a first vehicle parameter;
the emission correction module is used for correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data in real time according to an emission correction coefficient to obtain corrected emission data; and
and the accumulative emission calculating module is used for calculating the accumulative emission data of the test cycle in real time according to the corrected emission data and outputting the accumulative emission data.
2. The vehicle emissions prediction system of claim 1, wherein the first input module comprises a catalyst correction factor input module for inputting a catalyst correction database, a cold start correction factor input module for inputting a cold start correction database, and an air-fuel ratio correction factor input module for inputting an air-fuel ratio correction database.
3. The vehicle emissions prediction system of claim 2, wherein the first query module comprises a catalyst correction factor query module configured to query a catalyst correction factor in the catalyst correction database based on a catalyst configuration, a cold start correction factor query module configured to query a cold start correction factor from the cold start correction database based on a cold start condition, and an air-fuel ratio correction factor query module configured to query an air-fuel ratio correction factor from the air-fuel ratio correction database based on an air-fuel ratio.
4. The vehicle emissions prediction system of claim 3, wherein the emissions correction module comprises a catalyst correction module configured to correct the test cycle instantaneous emissions data based on the catalyst correction factor, a cold start correction module configured to correct the test cycle instantaneous emissions data based on the cold start correction factor, and an air-fuel ratio correction module configured to correct the test cycle instantaneous emissions data based on an air-fuel ratio correction factor.
5. The vehicle emissions prediction system of claim 1, wherein the instantaneous emissions calculation module comprises:
the third input module is used for inputting the speed and time of a test cycle of the vehicle;
the fourth input module is used for inputting a second vehicle parameter;
the torque and rotating speed calculation module is used for calculating the rotating speed and the torque of the engine in real time according to the vehicle speed and the time of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameters;
the emission database module is used for sorting and storing the vehicle bench test emission data; and
and the query module is used for querying the vehicle bench test emission data in real time according to the rotating speed, the torque and the second vehicle parameters to obtain the emission data of the engine.
6. The vehicle emissions prediction system of claim 5, wherein the second vehicle parameters include a final gear ratio, a transmission ratio, a conversion efficiency, and a tire radius, and the torque-and-speed calculation module is configured to calculate a running resistance of the vehicle in real time based on the vehicle speed and time of the test cycle and the final gear ratio, transmission ratio, conversion efficiency, and tire radius, and to calculate a torque of the engine in real time;
the running resistance comprises air resistance of the vehicle, rolling resistance of the vehicle, acceleration resistance of the vehicle and ramp resistance of the vehicle;
the torque-speed calculation module includes:
a first calculation module, said second vehicle parameters further comprising a rolling resistance equivalent value and an air resistance coefficient equivalent value, said first calculation module being according to the following formula FW＝a+bμ2Calculating the air resistance and rolling resistance of the vehicle in real time, wherein FWIs the sum of the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle, a is a rolling resistance equivalent value, b is an air resistance coefficient equivalent value, and mu is the real-time vehicle speed of a test cycle, or the second vehicle parameter also comprises a driving parameter obtained by a vehicle sliding test, and the first calculation module is according to the following formula FW＝A+Bμ+Cμ2Calculating the air resistance and rolling resistance of the vehicle in real time, wherein FWThe sum of the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle, A, B and C are driving parameters obtained by a vehicle sliding test, and mu is the real-time speed of a test cycle;
a second calculation module for calculating the acceleration resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the vehicle speed of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameter,
a third calculation module for calculating the slope resistance of the vehicle in real time based on said second vehicle parameter, an
A fourth calculation module for calculating the driving resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the combination of the air resistance, rolling resistance, acceleration resistance and ramp resistance of the vehicle, and for calculating the driving resistance of the vehicle according to the following formula
Figure FDA0002998482630000031
Calculating the torque of the engine in real time, wherein FtDriving force supplied to the engine, igIs a main reduction ratio i0Is the transmission ratio, ηTFor conversion efficiency, r is the tire radius, TtqIs the engine torque.
7. The vehicle emissions prediction system of claim 5, wherein the emissions database module comprises a fifth input module for inputting vehicle bench test emissions data and a data conversion module for converting and storing the vehicle bench test emissions data into vehicle transient emissions data, the vehicle bench test emissions data being of a volume fraction data type, the vehicle transient emissions data being of a mass data type, the vehicle transient emissions data comprising a plurality of sets of engine emissions data corresponding one-to-one to the speed, torque, and second vehicle parameter.
8. A vehicle emission prediction method, comprising:
calculating test cycle instantaneous emission data;
inputting an empirical emissions database, the empirical emissions database comprising a catalyst correction database, a cold start correction database, and an air-fuel ratio correction database, the catalyst correction database comprising data for catalyst correction coefficients corresponding to catalyst configuration, the cold start correction database comprising data for cold start correction coefficients corresponding to cold start, the air-fuel ratio correction database comprising data for air-fuel ratio correction coefficients corresponding to air-fuel ratio;
inputting first vehicle parameters, wherein the first vehicle parameters comprise a catalyst configuration, a cold start working condition and an air-fuel ratio;
querying an emissions correction factor in the empirical emissions database based on a first vehicle parameter;
correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data according to an emission correction coefficient to obtain real-time corrected emission data; and
and the device is used for calculating the accumulated emission data of the test cycle in real time according to the corrected emission data and outputting the accumulated emission data.
9. The vehicle emissions prediction method of claim 8, wherein querying the empirical emissions database for emissions correction factors based on the first vehicle parameter comprises: and inquiring a catalyst correction coefficient in the catalyst correction database according to the configuration of the catalyst, inquiring a cold start correction coefficient from the cold start correction database according to the cold start working condition, and inquiring an air-fuel ratio correction coefficient from the air-fuel ratio correction database according to the air-fuel ratio.
10. The vehicle emissions prediction method of claim 8, wherein modifying the test cycle instantaneous emissions data based on an emissions modification factor to obtain real-time modified emissions data comprises:
correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data according to the catalyst correction coefficient; correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data according to the cold start correction coefficient;
and correcting the test cycle instantaneous emission data according to the air-fuel ratio correction coefficient.
11. The vehicle emissions prediction method of claim 8, wherein calculating test cycle instantaneous emissions data comprises:
inputting the speed and time of a test cycle of the vehicle;
inputting a second vehicle parameter;
calculating the rotating speed and the torque of the engine in real time according to the speed and the time of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameters;
arranging and storing vehicle bench test emission data;
and inquiring in real time from the vehicle rack test emission data according to the rotating speed, the torque and the second vehicle parameters to obtain and output the emission data of the engine.
12. The vehicle emissions prediction method of claim 11, wherein the second vehicle parameters include a final gear ratio, a transmission ratio, a conversion efficiency, and a tire radius, and wherein calculating the engine speed and torque in real time based on the vehicle speed and time of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameters comprises:
calculating the running resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the speed and time of the test cycle, the main reduction ratio, the gearbox ratio, the conversion efficiency and the radius of the tire;
then according to the following formula
Figure FDA0002998482630000041
Calculating the torque of the engine in real time, wherein FtDriving force supplied to the engine, igIs a main reduction ratio i0Is the transmission ratio, ηTFor conversion efficiency, r is the tire radius, TtqIs the engine torque;
calculating the running resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the vehicle speed and time of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameter comprises:
the second vehicle parameters comprise a rolling resistance equivalent value and an air resistance coefficient equivalent value, and when the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle are calculated in real time according to the vehicle speed of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameters, the following formula F is usedW＝a+bμ2Calculating the air resistance and rolling resistance of the vehicle in real time, wherein FWIs the sum of the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle, a is a rolling resistance equivalent value, b is an air resistance coefficient equivalent value, and mu is the vehicle speed of a test cycle, or when the second vehicle parameter comprises the driving parameter obtained by the vehicle sliding test, the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle are calculated in real time according to the vehicle speed of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameter, according to the following formula FW＝A+Bμ+Cμ2Calculating the air resistance and rolling resistance of the vehicle in real time, wherein FWThe sum of the air resistance and the rolling resistance of the vehicle, A, B and C are driving parameters obtained by a vehicle sliding test, and mu is the vehicle speed of a test cycle;
calculating the acceleration resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the speed of the test cycle and the second vehicle parameter;
calculating the slope resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the second vehicle parameter;
and calculating the running resistance of the vehicle in real time according to the combination of the air resistance, the rolling resistance, the acceleration resistance and the ramp resistance of the vehicle.
13. The vehicle emissions prediction method of claim 11, wherein the vehicle bench test emissions data is input and converted into vehicle transient emissions data and stored, wherein the vehicle bench test emissions data is of a volume fraction data type, the vehicle transient emissions data is of a mass data type, and the vehicle transient emissions data comprises a plurality of sets of engine emissions data corresponding to a speed, a torque, and a second vehicle parameter.
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