CN110409901B - Variable-rigidity variable-damping composite damper based on magnetorheological elastomer and eddy current - Google Patents
Variable-rigidity variable-damping composite damper based on magnetorheological elastomer and eddy current Download PDFInfo
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- CN110409901B CN110409901B CN201910753650.6A CN201910753650A CN110409901B CN 110409901 B CN110409901 B CN 110409901B CN 201910753650 A CN201910753650 A CN 201910753650A CN 110409901 B CN110409901 B CN 110409901B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/0215—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings involving active or passive dynamic mass damping systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F6/00—Magnetic springs; Fluid magnetic springs, i.e. magnetic spring combined with a fluid
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Abstract
The invention discloses a variable-rigidity variable-damping composite damper based on a magnetorheological elastomer and an eddy current, which consists of a variable-rigidity device and a variable-damping device, wherein an excitation coil is assembled in the middle of a cantilever type combined beam, and a conductor plate is fixedly assembled at the outer side end of a conductor magnetic conduction plate. The adjustment of the damping of the damper can be realized by changing the magnetic field intensity of the electromagnet, and meanwhile, when strong vibration is considered, the amplitude of reverse resonance of the damper cannot be infinitely increased, so that the energy consumption capacity is improved by additionally arranging the eddy current damping device with adjustable damping, and the damper has two working modes of medium-amplitude vibration, small-amplitude vibration and strong vibration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a variable-rigidity variable-damping composite damper for vertical vibration reduction, and belongs to the field of semi-active control in vibration reduction of civil engineering.
Background
The civil engineering structure is easy to generate dynamic response which is unfavorable to the civil engineering structure and even has destructive effect under the action of factors such as earthquake, wind and the like. In order to effectively reduce the damage caused by structural vibration, people adopt various modes such as structural vibration isolation, introduction of energy consumption vibration reduction devices (dampers) and the like to try and apply. The energy-consuming vibration damper is widely applied due to the advantages of low manufacturing cost, easiness in design, convenience in installation and the like, but a traditional passive energy-consuming damper only has a good suppression effect on specific types of vibration, for example, a viscoelastic damper only has an obvious damping effect on local vibration, a friction damper is suitable for rare earthquakes, the small-earthquake and medium-earthquake effects are not good enough, parameters of a passive tuned mass damper are fixed, and an obvious control effect can be achieved only when the natural frequency of the passive tuned mass damper is consistent with the natural frequency of a main structure. It is therefore a new direction to improve the limitation of damping by making the damper parameters adjustable.
The parameter-adjustable damper only needs a small amount of energy to reduce the dynamic response of the main structure by adjusting the parameters of the damper. The existing adjustable-parameter damper mainly has two major types of adjustable rigidity and adjustable damping. The common rigidity-adjustable damper belongs to a variable rigidity tuned mass damper, and the principle is that the inherent frequency of a main structure is tracked by changing the rigidity of the damper, so that the working frequency bandwidth of the damper can be effectively increased, and the damping of the damper is adjusted to be optimal by means of liquid pressure difference, shearing force provided by a magnetorheological fluid material and the like, so that effective vibration reduction is realized. The traditional oil and magnetorheological fluid damper has the problems of poor sealing performance, limited service life and the like, so that the output of damping force is weakened, and the eddy current damper which does not need to consider sealing leakage and damping material fatigue loss becomes a new development direction.
The adjustment mode of independently tracking the natural frequency of the main structure and independently regulating and controlling the damping force has certain limitation in the actual engineering. When the main structure is subjected to small-amplitude vibration such as a frequent earthquake, the damping effect of the damper is limited, the too large damping can inhibit the damping effect of the reverse resonance of the tuned mass damper, and when the main structure is subjected to strong vibration, the amplitude of the reverse vibration of the tuned mass damper cannot be increased without limit, and at the moment, a large damping element is introduced into the damper, but the damping energy consumption capacity of the tuned mass damper can be effectively enhanced. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a variable-stiffness variable-damping composite damper which gives consideration to both small amplitude vibration and strong vibration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a variable-rigidity variable-damping composite damper for vertical vibration reduction, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the damper is composed of a variable stiffness device and a variable damping device, wherein the variable stiffness device comprises a combined beam support, a cantilever type combined beam, an excitation coil, a mass block, conductor plates and conductor magnetic conduction plates, the cantilever type combined beam is assembled at the upper end of the right side of the combined beam support, the excitation coil is assembled in the middle of the cantilever type combined beam, a coil framework is assembled on the inner wall of the excitation coil, the mass block is assembled on the outer wall of the cantilever type combined beam, the conductor magnetic conduction plates are assembled on the front side and the rear side of the cantilever type combined beam, and the conductor plates are fixedly assembled at the outer side ends of the conductor magnetic conduction plates;
the cantilever type combination beam specifically comprises two thin shell type pure irons, two combination beam connecting pieces, a magnetorheological elastomer sheet and a combination beam cantilever end member, wherein the combination beam connecting pieces are fixedly assembled on the left side and the right side of the magnetorheological elastomer sheet, the thin shell type pure irons are fixedly assembled on the outer side end of each combination beam connecting piece, the thin shell type pure irons on the left side are fixedly assembled with a combination beam support, and the right sides of the thin shell type pure irons on the right side are fixedly assembled with the combination beam cantilever end member;
the variable damping device is composed of an electromagnet magnetic conduction plate, an electromagnet, a conductor plate and a conductor magnetic conduction plate, wherein the electromagnet is fixedly assembled at the inner side end of the electromagnet magnetic conduction plate, and the inner side end of the electromagnet is assembled with the conductor magnetic conduction plate.
Preferably, the cantilever-type composite beam has a beam width greater than a beam thickness.
Preferably, the lower end of the combined beam support is provided with a main structure panel, and the combined beam support is fixedly assembled with the cantilever type combined beam.
Preferably, the chain forming direction of the magnetorheological elastomer sheet during magnetization is parallel to the beam length direction and is perpendicular to the vibration direction, and the shear modulus of the magnetorheological elastomer sheet can be changed by changing the current magnitude in the excitation coil, so that the variable stiffness is realized.
Preferably, the conductor magnetic conduction plate is fixedly connected with the conductor plate through a bolt on one side without the shallow groove of the conductor magnetic conduction plate, the other side of the conductor magnetic conduction plate is welded with the cantilever end member of the combination beam, and the mass block is fixed above the cantilever end member of the combination beam through welding or bolt connection.
Preferably, the electromagnet magnetic conduction plate and the main structure panel are fixedly assembled, an iron core of the electromagnet is welded with the electromagnet magnetic conduction plate, a coil framework and an excitation coil are wound on the iron core, the electromagnet can change the magnetic field intensity of the electromagnet by adjusting the current, and the damping is adjustable.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a variable-rigidity variable-damping composite damper based on a magnetorheological elastomer and an eddy current. The adjustment of the damping of the damper can be realized by changing the magnetic field intensity of the electromagnet, and meanwhile, when strong vibration is considered, the amplitude of reverse resonance of the damper cannot be infinitely increased, so that the energy consumption capacity is improved by additionally arranging the eddy current damping device with adjustable damping, and the damper has two working modes of medium-amplitude vibration, small-amplitude vibration and strong vibration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a structure of an embodiment of a variable stiffness and damping composite damper based on a magnetorheological elastomer and an eddy current according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural isometric view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a connection diagram of the thin shell type pure iron and the composite beam connecting piece according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a magnetic circuit of the cantilever-type composite beam according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-composite beam support, 2-thin shell type pure iron, 3-composite beam connecting piece, 4-magnetorheological elastomer sheet, 5-coil framework excitation coil, 6-composite beam cantilever end component, 7-electromagnet magnetic conduction plate, 8-electromagnet, 9-conductor plate, 10-conductor magnetic conduction plate and 11-mass block.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a technical solution: the variable-rigidity variable-damping composite damper based on the magnetorheological elastomer and the eddy current comprises a variable-rigidity device and a variable-damping device, wherein the variable-rigidity device comprises a combined beam support 1, a cantilever type combined beam, an excitation coil 5, a mass block 11, a conductor plate 9 and a conductor magnetic conduction plate 10, the cantilever type combined beam is assembled at the upper end of the right side of the combined beam support 1, the excitation coil 5 is assembled in the middle of the cantilever type combined beam, a coil framework is assembled on the inner wall of the excitation coil 5, the mass block 11 is assembled on the outer wall of the cantilever type combined beam, the conductor magnetic conduction plate 10 is assembled on each of the front side and the rear side of the cantilever type combined beam, and the conductor plate;
the cantilever type combination beam specifically comprises two thin-shell type pure irons 2, two combination beam connecting pieces 3, a magnetorheological elastomer sheet 4 and a combination beam cantilever end member 6, wherein the combination beam connecting pieces 3 are fixedly assembled on the left side and the right side of the magnetorheological elastomer sheet 4, the thin-shell type pure iron 2 is fixedly assembled at the outer side end of each combination beam connecting piece 3, the thin-shell type pure iron 2 on the left side is fixedly assembled with the combination beam support 1, and the right side of the thin-shell type pure iron 2 on the right side is fixedly assembled with the combination beam cantilever end member 6;
the variable damping device is composed of an electromagnet magnetic conduction plate 7, an electromagnet 8, a conductor plate 9 and a conductor magnetic conduction plate 10, wherein the electromagnet 8 is fixedly assembled at the inner side end of the electromagnet magnetic conduction plate 7, and the inner side end of the electromagnet 8 is assembled with the conductor magnetic conduction plate 10.
The invention discloses a variable-rigidity variable-damping composite damper based on a magnetorheological elastomer and an eddy current, which mainly comprises a composite beam, a composite beam support 1, a composite beam coil framework, an excitation coil 5 of the composite beam coil framework, a mass block 11, an electromagnet 8, a magnetic conduction plate, a conductor plate 9 and the like. The variable stiffness device is a combined beam internally provided with a magnetorheological elastomer, and is a thin-shell cantilever beam filled with the magnetorheological elastomer, the stiffness of the shock absorber can be adjusted by changing the current in an excitation coil of the filled beam, the variable damping mechanism adopts an electric eddy current component, wherein an electromagnet 8 and a magnetic conduction plate thereof are fixedly connected on a main structure, a conductor plate 9 and a magnetic conduction plate thereof are fixed at the cantilever end of the sandwich beam, and the damping coefficient can be adjusted and controlled by changing the magnetic field intensity of the electromagnet 8. The variable-stiffness variable-damping composite damper can adjust the natural frequency and the damping of a tuned mass damper simultaneously, can improve the working frequency bandwidth of the damper, can also improve the energy consumption capability of the damper under large amplitude, has good application prospect in the field of semi-active control of civil engineering vibration reduction, and is developed based on the magneto-rheological elastomer and the eddy current in order to enable the damper to have two working modes of small amplitude vibration and severe vibration. When the vibration is small, the shearing modulus of the magnetorheological elastomer can be adjusted by changing the current of the excitation coil in the combined beam, so that the rigidity of the damper is changed, when the vibration is strong, the damper changes the rigidity, simultaneously, the conductor plate 9 can vertically cut a magnetic induction line generated by the electromagnet 8 along with the movement of the connected mass block 11 to form an electric eddy current, at the moment, the damping of the damper can be adjusted by adjusting the current in the coil of the electromagnet 8, necessary damping is provided for a vibration reduction system to enhance the energy consumption capability, the chaining direction of the magnetorheological elastomer sheet 4 during magnetization is parallel to the length direction of the beam and the direction of the magnetic field intensity applied to the thin-shell type pure iron 2 and is vertical to the vibration direction, so that the magnetorheological elastomer sheet 4 is in a shearing working state, the thin-shell type pure iron 2 is a magnetic conduction device capable of forming a magnetic loop, and can enable the magnetic field to pass through, the magnetic conductivity of the thin-shell type pure iron 2 is far greater than that of the combined beam connecting piece 3 and the combined beam cantilever end component 6 which are adjacent to the thin-shell type pure iron 2, most of magnetic flux can be kept in the thin-shell type pure iron 2, the loss of the magnetic flux is effectively reduced, the electromagnet magnetic conduction plate 7 and the conductor magnetic conduction plate 10 can be made of iron, cadmium, cobalt and the like, the conductor plate 9 can be made of aluminum or copper, and the variable-rigidity variable-damping composite damper based on the magnetorheological elastomer and the eddy current comprises a variable-rigidity device and a variable-damping device. The variable stiffness device is composed of a combined beam internally provided with a magnetorheological elastomer, the magnetorheological elastomer is in a shearing working mode and is bonded in the magnetic loop device, the magnetic shearing modulus of the magnetorheological elastomer is adjusted by changing the current of the magnet exciting coil on the magnetic loop device, the variable stiffness of the damper can be realized because the stiffness of the damper can be changed along with the change of the shearing modulus, the variable damping device adopts an electric eddy current mode, and the adjustment of the damping coefficient is realized by changing the magnetic field intensity of the electromagnet 8.
Specifically, the cantilever-type composite beam has a beam width greater than a beam thickness.
Specifically, the lower end of the composite beam support 1 is assembled with a main structure panel, and the composite beam support 1 is fixedly assembled with the cantilever type composite beam.
Specifically, the chain forming direction of the magnetorheological elastomer sheet 4 during magnetization is parallel to the beam length direction and is perpendicular to the vibration direction, and the shear modulus of the magnetorheological elastomer sheet can be changed by changing the current in the excitation coil, so that the variable stiffness is realized.
Specifically, the conductor magnetic conduction plate 10 is fixedly connected with the conductor plate 9 through a bolt on one side without the shallow groove of the conductor magnetic conduction plate 10, the other side is welded with the composite beam cantilever end member 6, and the mass block 11 is fixed above the composite beam cantilever end member 6 through welding or bolt connection.
Specifically, the electromagnet magnetic conduction plate 7 and the main structure panel are fixedly assembled, the iron core of the electromagnet 8 is welded with the electromagnet magnetic conduction plate 7, the coil framework and the excitation coil 5 are wound on the iron core, and the electromagnet 8 can change the magnetic field intensity of the electromagnet 8 by adjusting the current, so that the damping is adjustable.
The working principle is as follows: according to the vibration damping device, under the condition of known mass ratio, main structure mass and natural frequency, the controller can calculate to obtain a control signal according to the vibration condition of the main structure reflected by the sensor, and the current of the magnet exciting coil in the combined beam and the magnetic field intensity of the electromagnet in the eddy current device are adjusted to achieve a good vibration damping effect.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, fixed or removable connections or integral connections, mechanical or electrical connections, direct or indirect connections via intervening media, communications between two elements, or an interaction between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The standard parts used in the invention can be purchased from the market, the special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description of the specification and the accompanying drawings, the specific connection mode of each part adopts conventional means such as bolts, rivets, welding and the like mature in the prior art, the machines, the parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection mode in the prior art, so that the detailed description is omitted.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. Variable rigidity becomes damping composite damper based on magnetic current becomes elastomer and electric eddy current, its characterized in that: the damper is composed of a variable stiffness device and a variable damping device, wherein the variable stiffness device comprises a combined beam support (1), a cantilever type combined beam, an excitation coil (5), a mass block (11), a conductor plate (9) and a conductor magnetic conduction plate (10), the cantilever type combined beam is assembled at the upper end of the right side of the combined beam support (1), the excitation coil (5) is assembled in the middle of the cantilever type combined beam, a coil framework is assembled on the inner wall of the excitation coil (5), the mass block (11) is assembled on the outer wall of the cantilever type combined beam, the conductor magnetic conduction plates (10) are assembled on the front side and the rear side of the cantilever type combined beam, and the conductor plate (9) is fixedly assembled at the outer side end of the conductor;
the cantilever type combination beam specifically comprises two thin-shell type pure irons (2), two combination beam connecting pieces (3), magnetorheological elastomer sheets (4) and a combination beam cantilever end member (6), wherein the combination beam connecting pieces (3) are fixedly assembled on the left side and the right side of each magnetorheological elastomer sheet (4), the thin-shell type pure irons (2) are fixedly assembled on the outer side ends of the combination beam connecting pieces (3), the thin-shell type pure irons (2) on the left side are fixedly assembled with the combination beam support (1), and the right sides of the thin-shell type pure irons (2) on the right side are fixedly assembled with the combination beam cantilever end member (6);
the variable damping device is composed of an electromagnet magnetic conduction plate (7), an electromagnet (8), a conductor plate (9) and a conductor magnetic conduction plate (10), wherein the electromagnet (8) is fixedly assembled at the inner side end of the electromagnet magnetic conduction plate (7), and the inner side end of the electromagnet (8) is assembled with the conductor magnetic conduction plate (10).
2. The variable-stiffness variable-damping composite damper based on the magnetorheological elastomer and the eddy current according to claim 1, wherein: the beam width of the cantilever type combination beam is larger than the beam thickness.
3. The variable-stiffness variable-damping composite damper based on the magnetorheological elastomer and the eddy current according to claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the combined beam support (1) is provided with a main structure panel, and the combined beam support (1) is fixedly assembled with the cantilever type combined beam.
4. The variable-stiffness variable-damping composite damper based on the magnetorheological elastomer and the eddy current according to claim 1, wherein: the chain forming direction of the magnetorheological elastomer sheet (4) during magnetization is parallel to the beam length direction and is vertical to the vibration direction, and the shear modulus of the magnetorheological elastomer sheet (4) can be changed by changing the current in the excitation coil, so that the variable stiffness is realized.
5. The variable-stiffness variable-damping composite damper based on the magnetorheological elastomer and the eddy current according to claim 1, wherein: the conductor magnetic conduction plate (10) is fixedly connected with the conductor plate (9) through a bolt on one side without the shallow groove of the conductor magnetic conduction plate (10), the other side of the conductor magnetic conduction plate is welded with the cantilever end component (6) of the combination beam, and the mass block (11) is fixed above the cantilever end component (6) of the combination beam through welding or bolt connection.
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| CN111519480A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-11 | 四川高新轨道交通产业技术研究院 | Magnetic suspension turnout halbach permanent magnetism electric vortex vibration suppression structure |
| CN114623198A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-06-14 | 苏州东菱智能减振降噪技术有限公司 | Vibration-damping and impact-resisting device |
| CN114718361B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2024-05-14 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Semi-active magnetorheological elastomer damper |
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