CN110408885A - The automobile-used light-duty gear of one kind and its manufacturing process - Google Patents
The automobile-used light-duty gear of one kind and its manufacturing process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110408885A CN110408885A CN201910794144.1A CN201910794144A CN110408885A CN 110408885 A CN110408885 A CN 110408885A CN 201910794144 A CN201910794144 A CN 201910794144A CN 110408885 A CN110408885 A CN 110408885A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gear
- finished product
- automobile
- semi
- used light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/32—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/36—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases using ionised gases, e.g. ionitriding
- C23C8/38—Treatment of ferrous surfaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/06—Use of materials; Use of treatments of toothed members or worms to affect their intrinsic material properties
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of automobile-used light-duty gear manufacturing technology, includes the following steps: S1, obtains the gear blank with central major aperture to the progress roughing of gear raw material；S2, the gear blank is heat-treated；S3, the gear semi-finished product with teeth portion are obtained to gear blank progress semifinishing；S4, the gear semi-finished product are carried out with plasma surface quenching carbo-nitriding processing and sulfurizing processing；S5, gear finished product is obtained to the secondary finishing of gear semi-finished product progress.The present invention is handled by teeth portion surface hardening carbo-nitriding and sulfurizing, reduces cool time and energy consumption, reduces skin-friction coefficient, improves surface abrasion resistance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of automobile accessories, and in particular to the automobile-used light-duty gear of one kind and its manufacturing process.
Background technique
Gear is a kind of part particularly significant, usage amount is big in automobile, is mainly used for transmitting power, adjustment speed or side
To.General stress condition is that teeth portion bears biggish alternating bending stress, and the flank of tooth is mutually rolled, slided and bear contact pressure and answers
Power.It is therefore desirable to gear material has high a bending fatigue strength and contact fatigue strength, the flank of tooth has high hardness and wear-resisting
Property, gear center portion has certain intensity and toughness, but also requires to deform that small, precision is high, so that noise is low.In addition to this,
Automobile product requires high production efficiency, and low energy consumption, and product cost is low.
Automobile gear carries size, the differences such as structure by it, can substantially be divided into light-duty load gear, middle load gear, again
Carry gear.Currently, domestic automobile-used light-duty gear mostly uses greatly low-alloy carburizing steel (such as 20Mn2,20Cr, 20MnV, 20CrV)
Production.Conventional fabrication processes sequentially include blanking, rough forging, soft annealing, quenched, machining inner hole, garland keyway, essence
Vehicle outer end face inserts (rolling) tooth, teeth portion surface hardening+carburizing, honing, pincers worker process (deburring, cleaning, oiling),
Middle blank forging energy consumption is higher, and soft annealing needs the time longer, and during quenched, part deformation is larger, at quenched heat
Decarburizing tendency during reason is difficult to overcome, and needs reserved machining allowance big, therefore, high material consumption.Further, since low
Strengthening effect is not significant after the conventional surfaces quenching such as carbon steel induction heating or flame heating.It therefore, need to be to traditional light-duty gear
Research on Manufacturing Method optimization improves manufacture efficiency, and further increase the tired of light-duty gear to solve the defects of manufacturing process
The labor service life reduces production cost.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome deficiency in the prior art, the automobile-used light-duty gear of one kind and its manufacture work are provided
Skill is handled by teeth portion surface hardening carbo-nitriding and sulfurizing, reduces cool time and energy consumption, is reduced skin-friction coefficient, is mentioned
High surface abrasion resistance；On this basis, also further normalizaion processing, refines metal grain, improves material hardness,
Reduce heat-treatment distortion；Further, by twice process for machining, the molding time and energy consumption of gear are reduced.
To solve prior art problem, the invention discloses a kind of automobile-used light-duty gear manufacturing technology,
Include the following steps:
S1, the gear blank with central major aperture is obtained to the progress roughing of gear raw material；
S2, the gear blank is heat-treated；
S3, the gear semi-finished product with teeth portion are obtained to gear blank progress semifinishing；
S4, the gear semi-finished product are carried out with plasma surface quenching carbo-nitriding processing and sulfurizing processing；
S5, gear finished product is obtained to the secondary finishing of gear semi-finished product progress.
Further,
Step S4 further includes following sub-step:
S41, the teeth portion surface of the gear semi-finished product is heated to 450~650 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1~2h, nitrogen should be utilized in the process
As protection gas, added with methane to complete carbo-nitriding processing in nitrogen；
S42, the gear semi-finished product are cooled to 170~190 DEG C, heat preservation 2~4h completion sulfurizing processing, obtains sulphide layer.
Further,
Step S4 further includes following sub-step:
S41, the teeth portion surface of the gear semi-finished product is heated to 170~190 DEG C, heat preservation 2~4h completion sulfurizing processing, obtained
Sulphide layer；
S42, the teeth portion of the gear semi-finished product is continued to be heated to 450~650 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1~2h, nitrogen should be utilized in the process
As protection gas, added with methane to complete carbo-nitriding processing in nitrogen.
Further,
The adding speed of the nitrogen is 50~75ml/min: the adding speed of the methane is 10~15ml/min.
Further,
Step S2 further includes following sub-step:
S21, the gear blank is heated to critical-temperature Ac3Above 100~120 DEG C, 1~1.5h is kept the temperature, gear blank is made
Cooling obtains pearlitic structrure after complete austenitizing；
S22, the gear blank is heated to 500~650 DEG C, 0.5~1h of heat preservation obtains tempered sorbite.
Further,
Step S1 further includes following sub-step:
S11, central small hole is processed on the gear raw material using fine process, the diameter of the central small hole is that design is straight
The 50~70% of diameter；
S12, the central small hole is expanded as by central major aperture using fine process, the diameter of the central major aperture is slightly less than design
Diameter.
Further,
Central major aperture is processed on the gear raw material in step S1, using drilling, bore hole or hole milling process, the center is big
The diameter in hole is slightly less than design diameter.
Further,
Step S3 includes following sub-step:
S31, the central major aperture of the gear blank is finished to obtain centre bore；
S32, keyway is processed on the centre bore of the gear blank；
S33, smart car is carried out to the end face of the gear blank, and chamfering is carried out to angle head cylindrical；
S34, the Excircle machining of the gear blank is gone out to teeth portion, and chamfering is carried out to teeth portion end face.
Further,
Step S5 includes following sub-step:
S51, the gear semi-finished product are subjected to honing；
S52, it handles gear semi-finished product progress pincers worker to obtain the gear finished product.
A kind of automobile-used light-duty gear is also disclosed in the present invention, is made of above-mentioned manufacturing process, the automobile-used light-duty gear
The length of centre bore are as follows: 10mm≤L≤30mm, draw ratio are as follows: 0.1≤L/d≤1.
The invention has the benefit that
1, compared with existing gear manufacture method, the present invention is quenched using teeth portion plasma beam heating surface and carbo-nitriding work
Sequence is instead of traditional induction heating or surface hardening by flame heating and carburizing/nitrogen processing；Carbo-nitriding processing adds using in nitrogen
The mode for entering a small amount of methane realizes, has not only met the non-oxidation protection of plasma beam heating surface quenching, but be used as nitriding and
The carrier gas of carburizing permeation；Plasma beam heating surface quenching velocity is fast, and the glow discharge nitriding time is only the ordinary gas nitridation time
1/4~1/5, and nitriding layer institutional framework is controllable, the good toughness of ion-nitriding layer, in addition, also overcoming induction heating or fire
The defects of energy consumption of the conventional surfaces quenching such as flame heating is high, part deformation is big.
2, compared with existing gear manufacture method, the present invention increases low temperature sulfurizing process, and the temperature of low temperature sulfurizing is 170~
It 190 DEG C, using the temperature after the heating of upper track plasma beam, or in plasma beam temperature-rise period, is formed on teeth portion surface
FeS layers, the coefficient of friction on teeth portion surface is reduced, keeps gear engagement more smooth, reduces motion artifacts, improve gear surface
Wearability.
3, compared with existing gear manufacture method, the present invention using machining or secondary fine process replace forging gear stock and
Annealing softening technique, process time at least save 5 hours, mention well below forging and annealing softening time, integrated artistic time
High efficiency, reduces energy consumption.
4, compared with existing gear manufacture method, the present invention is using normalizing and high tempering process instead of quenched process
(the quenched composite heat treating process for referring to steel part quenching and high tempering, for larger-size low harden ability alloy carburizing steel,
Its harden ability and center portion intensity are lower, and surface layer also cannot get martensitic structure after quenching, and hardness is not also high, strong after surface hardening
It is not significant to change effect), metal grain has been refined, gear hardness has been improved, simplifies process flow, reduce heat-treatment distortion.
5, compared with existing gear manufacture method, entirety manufacturing cost decline 1/5~1/4 of the present invention, the time shortens 5~6
Hour, meet the green production requirement of energy-saving and emission-reduction, application value with higher.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is automobile-used light-duty gear structure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic shapes of a fine of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic shapes of secondary fine of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the process flow chart of another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the process flow chart of another embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following embodiment is only used for clearly illustrating the present invention
Technical solution, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of automobile-used light-duty gear, center-hole diameter d=30mm, length L=20mm, outside diameter of gear D=74mm.
As shown in Figure 1, the technical process of manufacture said gear includes:
S1, the gear blank with central major aperture is obtained to the progress roughing of gear raw material.
Step S1 specifically includes following sub-step:
S11, central small hole is processed on gear raw material using fine process, the diameter of central small hole is 20mm, such as Fig. 3 institute
Show.
S12, central small hole is expanded as by central major aperture using fine process, the diameter of central major aperture is slightly less than 30mm, stays
The machining allowance of subsequent bore hole out, surplus are about 1mm, as shown in Figure 4.
In the above process, tradition forging is replaced by the way of twice fine process, the time is greatly saved.
S2, gear blank is heat-treated.
Step S2 specifically includes following sub-step:
S21, the step are that gear blank is specifically heated to 100 DEG C of (notes: Ac of critical-temperature Ac3 or more by normalized treatment3It is
Refer to the critical-temperature of sub-eutectoid steel, the critical-temperature Ac of different grades of steel3Temperature value is different, for example, the critical-temperature Ac of 20MnV3
It is 830 DEG C, the critical-temperature Ac of 20Cr3It is 820 DEG C, the critical-temperature Ac of 20Mn3It is 854 DEG C, the critical-temperature Ac of 20CrV3For
840 DEG C), 1~1.5h is kept the temperature, is cooled down in air again after making gear blank complete austenitizing, obtains pearlitic structrure；Then
Examine whether surface hardness within the scope of this, is further processed in HRC15~20 if meeting.
S22, the step are high tempering processing, to reduce internal stress, stable metal tissue to greatest extent.Specifically,
Gear blank is heated to 500 DEG C, heat preservation 0.5h obtains tempered sorbite, then in air cooling (for no Cr steel), or
Person is cooling (for Li-adding Al alloy) using water cooling or the oil rapid cooling mode such as cold.
S3, the gear semi-finished product with teeth portion are obtained to gear blank progress semifinishing.
Step S3 specifically includes following sub-step:
S31, the central major aperture of gear blank is finished by the way of bore hole to obtain centre bore, it in addition to this, can also
It is finished to obtain aperture size using other machining modes and rough surface meets the centre bore of finished product requirement.
S32, keyway is processed on the centre bore of gear blank, key herein is preferably spline；
S33, the end face of gear blank is processed using smart car process until design size, then carries out chamfering to angle head cylindrical；
S34, the Excircle machining of gear blank is gone out by teeth portion using gear shaping or gear hobbing process, chamfering then is carried out to teeth portion end face.
S4, gear semi-finished product are carried out with plasma surface quenching carbo-nitriding processing and sulfurizing processing.
Step S4 further includes following sub-step:
S41, the step are surface hardening processing, and specifically, using plasma beam heats the teeth portion surface of gear semi-finished product
To 450 DEG C, 1h is kept the temperature, protection gas should be used nitrogen as in the process, and a small amount of methane be added in nitrogen, as surface hardening
Non-oxidation protection, while realizing carbo-nitriding.The adding speed of nitrogen is 50ml/min, and the adding speed of methane is 10ml/
min.Then examine whether the depth of nitration of gear semi-finished product reaches this range of 0.5~1mm, hardened face hardness whether
HRC60~HRC80 is further processed within the scope of this if meeting.
S42, the step are low temperature sulfurizing processing, specifically, after surface hardening, gear semi-finished product are cooled to 170
DEG C, heat preservation 2h complete sulfurizing processing, obtain the sulphide layer with a thickness of 10~20 μm.The step can be quenched using surface in step S41
Residual temperature after fire carries out sulfurizing processing, reduces energy consumption, shortens the time.
S5, gear finished product is obtained to the secondary finishing of gear semi-finished product progress.
Step S5 specifically includes following sub-step:
S51, it is placed on honing machine after gear semi-finished product are packed into mandrel, honing is carried out to technical requirements to the gear teeth respectively.
S52, it handles the progress pincers worker of gear semi-finished product to obtain gear finished product.Pincers worker processing includes deburring, cleaning and painting
Oil etc..
Embodiment two
As shown in figure 5, the difference is that, in the present embodiment, step S4 specifically includes following sub-step with embodiment one:
S41, the step are sulfurizing processing, specifically, when using plasma beam heat gear semi-finished product, by gear semi-finished product
Teeth portion surface be heated to 170 DEG C, then heat preservation 2h complete sulfurizing processing, obtain the sulphide layer with a thickness of 10~20 μm.
S42, the step are surface hardening processing, and specifically, using plasma Shu Jixu is by the teeth portion of gear semi-finished product
450 DEG C are heated to, 1h is kept the temperature, protection gas should be used nitrogen as in the process, a small amount of methane is added in nitrogen, quenches as surface
The non-oxidation protection of fire, while realizing carbo-nitriding.The adding speed of nitrogen is 75ml/min, and the adding speed of methane is
15ml/min.Then examine whether the depth of nitration of gear semi-finished product reaches this range of 0.5~1mm, hardened face hardness is
It is no within the scope of this, to be further processed if meeting in HRC60~HRC80.
Embodiment three
A kind of manufacturing process of automobile-used light-duty gear, center-hole diameter d=35mm of gear, length L=25mm, outside diameter of gear D=
85mm.Include the following steps:
S1, the gear blank with central major aperture is obtained to the progress roughing of gear raw material.
Step S1 specifically includes following sub-step:
S11, central small hole is processed on gear raw material using fine process, the diameter of central small hole is 25mm.
S12, central small hole is expanded as by central major aperture using fine process, the diameter of central major aperture is slightly less than 35mm, stays
The machining allowance of subsequent bore hole out, surplus 1mm.
S2, gear blank is heat-treated.
Step S2 specifically includes following sub-step:
S21, the step are that gear blank is specifically heated to 120 DEG C of critical-temperature Ac3 or more, for low conjunction by normalized treatment
For golden carburizing steel 20MnV, critical-temperature Ac3It is 830 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1.5h, exist again after making gear blank complete austenitizing
It is cooling in air, obtain pearlitic structrure；Then examine surface hardness whether in HRC15~20 within the scope of this, if met
Then it is further processed.
S22, the step are high tempering processing, to reduce internal stress, stable metal tissue to greatest extent.Specifically,
Gear blank is heated to 650 DEG C, heat preservation 1h obtains tempered sorbite, then in air cooling (for no Cr steel), or
It is cooling (for Li-adding Al alloy) using water cooling or the oil rapid cooling mode such as cold.
S3, the gear semi-finished product with teeth portion are obtained to gear blank progress semifinishing.
Step S3 specifically includes following sub-step:
S31, the central major aperture of gear blank is finished by the way of bore hole to obtain centre bore, it in addition to this, can also
It is finished to obtain aperture size using other machining modes and rough surface meets the centre bore of finished product requirement.
S32, keyway is processed on the centre bore of gear blank, key herein is preferably spline；
S33, the end face of gear blank is processed using smart car process until design size, then carries out chamfering to angle head cylindrical；
S34, the Excircle machining of gear blank is gone out by teeth portion using gear shaping or gear hobbing process, chamfering then is carried out to teeth portion end face.
S4, gear semi-finished product are carried out with plasma surface quenching carbo-nitriding processing and sulfurizing processing.
Step S4 further includes following sub-step:
S41, the step are surface hardening processing, and specifically, using plasma beam heats the teeth portion surface of gear semi-finished product
To 650 DEG C, 2h is kept the temperature, protection gas should be used nitrogen as in the process, and a small amount of methane be added in nitrogen, as surface hardening
Non-oxidation protection, while realizing carbo-nitriding.The adding speed of nitrogen is 60ml/min, and the adding speed of methane is 12ml/
min.Then examine whether the depth of nitration of gear semi-finished product reaches this range of 0.5~1mm, hardened face hardness whether
HRC60~HRC80 is further processed within the scope of this if meeting.
S42, the step are low temperature sulfurizing processing, specifically, after surface hardening, gear semi-finished product are cooled to 190
DEG C, heat preservation 4h complete sulfurizing processing, obtain the sulphide layer with a thickness of 10~20 μm.The step can be quenched using surface in step S41
Residual temperature after fire carries out sulfurizing processing, reduces energy consumption, shortens the time.
S5, gear finished product is obtained to the secondary finishing of gear semi-finished product progress.
Step S5 specifically includes following sub-step:
S51, it is placed on honing machine after gear semi-finished product are packed into mandrel, honing is carried out to technical requirements to the gear teeth respectively.
S52, it handles the progress pincers worker of gear semi-finished product to obtain gear finished product.Pincers worker processing includes deburring, cleaning and painting
Oil etc..
Example IV
A kind of manufacturing process of automobile-used light-duty gear, center-hole diameter d=30mm of gear, length L=20mm, outside diameter of gear D=
80mm.Include the following steps:
S1, the gear blank with central major aperture is obtained to the progress roughing of gear raw material.
Step S1 specifically includes following sub-step:
S11, central small hole is processed on gear raw material using fine process, the diameter of central small hole is 15mm.
S12, central small hole is expanded as by central major aperture using fine process, the diameter of central major aperture is slightly less than 30mm, stays
The machining allowance of subsequent bore hole out, surplus are about 1mm.
S2, gear blank is heat-treated.
Step S2 specifically includes following sub-step:
S21, the step are that gear blank is specifically heated to 110 DEG C of critical-temperature Ac3 or more, for low conjunction by normalized treatment
For golden carburizing steel 20MnV, critical-temperature Ac3It is 830 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1~1.5h, makes after gear blank complete austenitizing again
It cools down in air, obtains pearlitic structrure；Then examine surface hardness whether in HRC15~20 within the scope of this, if symbol
Conjunction is then further processed.
S22, the step are high tempering processing, to reduce internal stress, stable metal tissue to greatest extent.Specifically,
Gear blank is heated to 580 DEG C, heat preservation 0.8h obtains tempered sorbite, then in air cooling (for no Cr steel), or
Person is cooling (for Li-adding Al alloy) using water cooling or the oil rapid cooling mode such as cold.
S3, the gear semi-finished product with teeth portion are obtained to gear blank progress semifinishing.
Step S3 specifically includes following sub-step:
S31, the central major aperture of gear blank is finished by the way of bore hole to obtain centre bore, it in addition to this, can also
It is finished to obtain aperture size using other machining modes and rough surface meets the centre bore of finished product requirement.
S32, keyway is processed on the centre bore of gear blank, key herein is preferably spline；
S33, the end face of gear blank is processed using smart car process until design size, then carries out chamfering to angle head cylindrical；
S34, the Excircle machining of gear blank is gone out by teeth portion using gear shaping or gear hobbing process, chamfering then is carried out to teeth portion end face.
S4, gear semi-finished product are carried out with plasma surface quenching carbo-nitriding processing and sulfurizing processing.
Step S4 further includes following sub-step:
S41, the step are surface hardening processing, and specifically, using plasma beam heats the teeth portion surface of gear semi-finished product
To 500 DEG C, 1.6h is kept the temperature, protection gas should be used nitrogen as in the process, a small amount of methane is added in nitrogen, and be used as surface hardening
Non-oxidation protection, while realizing carbo-nitriding.The adding speed of nitrogen is 50ml/min, and the adding speed of methane is 12ml/
min.Then examine whether the depth of nitration of gear semi-finished product reaches this range of 0.5~1mm, hardened face hardness whether
HRC60~HRC80 is further processed within the scope of this if meeting.
S42, the step are low temperature sulfurizing processing, specifically, after surface hardening, gear semi-finished product are cooled to 180
DEG C, heat preservation 3h complete sulfurizing processing, obtain the sulphide layer with a thickness of 10~20 μm.The step can be quenched using surface in step S41
Residual temperature after fire carries out sulfurizing processing, reduces energy consumption, shortens the time.
S5, gear finished product is obtained to the secondary finishing of gear semi-finished product progress.
Step S5 specifically includes following sub-step:
S51, it is placed on honing machine after gear semi-finished product are packed into mandrel, honing is carried out to technical requirements to the gear teeth respectively.
S52, it handles the progress pincers worker of gear semi-finished product to obtain gear finished product.Pincers worker processing includes deburring, cleaning and painting
Oil etc..
In the present invention, by low-alloy carbon carburizing steel pole by cutting, each gear raw material controls gear raw material
Weight surplus is 0~3g.
Embodiment five
A kind of automobile-used light-duty gear, center-hole diameter d=32mm, length L=22mm, outside diameter of gear D=76mm.
As shown in fig. 6, the technical process of manufacture said gear includes:
S1, the gear blank with central major aperture is obtained to the progress roughing of gear raw material.
In step S1, central major aperture is processed on gear raw material using drilling, bore hole or hole milling process, central major aperture
Diameter is slightly less than 32mm, reserves the machining allowance of subsequent bore hole, and surplus is about 0.5mm, as shown in Figure 4.
In the above process, tradition forging is replaced by the way of machining processes, the time is greatly saved.
S2, gear blank is heat-treated.
Step S2 specifically includes following sub-step:
S21, the step are that gear blank is specifically heated to 100 DEG C of (notes: Ac of critical-temperature Ac3 or more by normalized treatment3It is
Refer to the critical-temperature of sub-eutectoid steel, the critical-temperature Ac of different grades of steel3Temperature value is different, for example, the critical-temperature Ac of 20MnV3
It is 830 DEG C, the critical-temperature Ac of 20Cr3It is 820 DEG C, the critical-temperature Ac of 20Mn3It is 854 DEG C, the critical-temperature Ac of 20CrV3For
840 DEG C), 1~1.5h is kept the temperature, is cooled down in air again after making gear blank complete austenitizing, obtains pearlitic structrure；Then
Examine whether surface hardness within the scope of this, is further processed in HRC15~20 if meeting.
S22, the step are high tempering processing, to reduce internal stress, stable metal tissue to greatest extent.Specifically,
Gear blank is heated to 500 DEG C, heat preservation 0.5h obtains tempered sorbite, then in air cooling (for no Cr steel), or
Person is cooling (for Li-adding Al alloy) using water cooling or the oil rapid cooling mode such as cold.
S3, the gear semi-finished product with teeth portion are obtained to gear blank progress semifinishing.
Step S3 specifically includes following sub-step:
S31, the central major aperture of gear blank is finished by the way of bore hole to obtain centre bore, it in addition to this, can also
It is finished to obtain aperture size using other machining modes and rough surface meets the centre bore of finished product requirement.
S32, keyway is processed on the centre bore of gear blank, key herein is preferably spline；
S33, the end face of gear blank is processed using smart car process until design size, then carries out chamfering to angle head cylindrical；
S34, the Excircle machining of gear blank is gone out by teeth portion using gear shaping or gear hobbing process, chamfering then is carried out to teeth portion end face.
S4, gear semi-finished product are carried out with plasma surface quenching carbo-nitriding processing and sulfurizing processing.
Step S4 further includes following sub-step:
S41, the step are surface hardening processing, and specifically, using plasma beam heats the teeth portion surface of gear semi-finished product
To 450 DEG C, 1h is kept the temperature, protection gas should be used nitrogen as in the process, and a small amount of methane be added in nitrogen, as surface hardening
Non-oxidation protection, while realizing carbo-nitriding.The adding speed of nitrogen is 65ml/min, and the adding speed of methane is 15ml/
min.Then examine whether the depth of nitration of gear semi-finished product reaches this range of 0.5~1mm, hardened face hardness whether
HRC60~HRC80 is further processed within the scope of this if meeting.
S42, the step are low temperature sulfurizing processing, specifically, after surface hardening, gear semi-finished product are cooled to 170
DEG C, heat preservation 2h complete sulfurizing processing, obtain the sulphide layer with a thickness of 10~20 μm.The step can be quenched using surface in step S41
Residual temperature after fire carries out sulfurizing processing, reduces energy consumption, shortens the time.
S5, gear finished product is obtained to the secondary finishing of gear semi-finished product progress.
Step S5 specifically includes following sub-step:
S51, it is placed on honing machine after gear semi-finished product are packed into mandrel, honing is carried out to technical requirements to the gear teeth respectively.
S52, it handles the progress pincers worker of gear semi-finished product to obtain gear finished product.Pincers worker processing includes deburring, cleaning and painting
Oil etc..
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvement and deformations can also be made, these improvement and deformations
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of automobile-used light-duty gear manufacturing technology, it is characterised in that:
Include the following steps:
S1, the gear blank with central major aperture is obtained to the progress roughing of gear raw material；
S2, the gear blank is heat-treated；
S3, the gear semi-finished product with teeth portion are obtained to gear blank progress semifinishing；
S4, the gear semi-finished product are carried out with plasma surface quenching carbo-nitriding processing and sulfurizing processing；
S5, gear finished product is obtained to the secondary finishing of gear semi-finished product progress.
2. the automobile-used light-duty gear manufacturing technology of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Step S4 further includes following sub-step:
S41, the teeth portion surface of the gear semi-finished product is heated to 450~650 DEG C of progress plasma surface quenching treatments, protected
1~2h of temperature should use nitrogen as protection gas in the process, be handled in nitrogen added with methane with completing carbo-nitriding；
S42, the gear semi-finished product are cooled to 170~190 DEG C, heat preservation 2~4h completion sulfurizing processing, obtains sulphide layer.
3. the automobile-used light-duty gear manufacturing technology of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Step S4 further includes following sub-step:
S41, the teeth portion surface of the gear semi-finished product is heated to 170~190 DEG C, heat preservation 2~4h completion sulfurizing processing, obtained
Sulphide layer；
S42, the teeth portion of the gear semi-finished product is continued to be heated to 450~650 DEG C of progress plasma surface quenching treatments, is protected
1~2h of temperature should use nitrogen as protection gas in the process, be handled in nitrogen added with methane with completing carbo-nitriding.
4. the automobile-used light-duty gear manufacturing technology of one kind according to claim 2 or 3, it is characterised in that:
The adding speed of the nitrogen is 50~75ml/min: the adding speed of the methane is 10~15ml/min.
5. the automobile-used light-duty gear manufacturing technology of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Step S2 further includes following sub-step:
S21, the gear blank is heated to critical-temperature Ac3Above 100~120 DEG C of progress normalized treatment keeps the temperature 1~1.5h,
Cooling after gear blank complete austenitizing is set to obtain pearlitic structrure；
S22, the gear blank is heated to 500~650 DEG C of progress high tempering processing, 0.5~1h of heat preservation obtains tempering rope
Family name's body.
6. the automobile-used light-duty gear manufacturing technology of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Step S1 further includes following sub-step:
S11, central small hole is processed on the gear raw material using fine process, the diameter of the central small hole is that design is straight
The 50~70% of diameter；
S12, the central small hole is expanded as by central major aperture using fine process, the diameter of the central major aperture is slightly less than design
Diameter.
7. the automobile-used light-duty gear manufacturing technology of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In step S1, central major aperture is processed on the gear raw material using drilling, bore hole or hole milling process, the center is big
The diameter in hole is slightly less than design diameter.
8. the automobile-used light-duty gear manufacturing technology of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Step S3 includes following sub-step:
S31, the central major aperture of the gear blank is finished to obtain centre bore；
S32, keyway is processed on the centre bore of the gear blank；
S33, smart car is carried out to the end face of the gear blank, and chamfering is carried out to angle head cylindrical；
S34, the Excircle machining of the gear blank is gone out to teeth portion, and chamfering is carried out to teeth portion end face.
9. the automobile-used light-duty gear manufacturing technology of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Step S5 includes following sub-step:
S51, the gear semi-finished product are subjected to honing；
S52, it handles gear semi-finished product progress pincers worker to obtain the gear finished product.
10. a kind of automobile-used light-duty gear, it is characterised in that: by the automobile-used light-duty gear manufacturing technology of one kind described in claim 1
It is made, the length of the automobile-used light-duty gear center hole are as follows: 10mm≤L≤30mm, the draw ratio of the centre bore are as follows: 0.1≤
L/d≤1。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910794144.1A CN110408885B (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | Light gear for vehicle and manufacturing process thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910794144.1A CN110408885B (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | Light gear for vehicle and manufacturing process thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110408885A true CN110408885A (en) | 2019-11-05 |
| CN110408885B CN110408885B (en) | 2021-06-11 |
Family
ID=68369167
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910794144.1A Active CN110408885B (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | Light gear for vehicle and manufacturing process thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110408885B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111283389A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-06-16 | 无锡鹰贝精密轴承有限公司 | End face grinding process for wear-resisting disc of hydraulic motor |
| CN112276501A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-29 | 河南蒲瑞精密机械有限公司 | Machining process of gear with hard tooth surface |
| CN112792523A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-14 | 江阴市万里锻件有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength gear for excavator |
| CN114164395A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-11 | 清华大学 | Ionic nitrogen carbon sulfur multi-element co-cementation equipment, processing system and method |
Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85106828A (en) * | 1985-09-10 | 1987-03-11 | 张弋飞 | The metal parts surface forms the method and apparatus of sulfurized layer |
| JPH07300662A (en) * | 1994-04-28 | 1995-11-14 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Carbo-nitriding treated steel excellent in peeling resistance of surface |
| CN1188813A (en) * | 1997-12-26 | 1998-07-29 | 清华大学 | Compound treatment method for ion nitrogen carbon co-seeping and medium temperature ion sulfuriztion |
| JP2001158955A (en) * | 1999-12-03 | 2001-06-12 | Nippon Techno:Kk | Method for sulfurizing and quenching treatment, sulfurizing and carburizing treatment, and sulfurizing and carbonitriding treatment |
| CN102091921A (en) * | 2011-01-07 | 2011-06-15 | 常州市万航工矿设备有限公司 | Method for manufacturing bevel gear of axle gear box for diesel locomotives |
| CN102560504A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2012-07-11 | 上海汇众汽车制造有限公司 | Surface treatment composite technology for prolonging service life of stamping die |
| CN103736903A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-04-23 | 上海交通大学 | Precision forming method and device of flanged flat gears |
| CN104195452A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-12-10 | 南京创贝高速传动机械有限公司 | Drive gear and preparation method thereof |
| CN104589003A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-05-06 | 苏州路路顺机电设备有限公司 | High-carbon steel gear machining process for gear pump |
| CN105002507A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-10-28 | 襄阳长源东谷实业股份有限公司 | 17CrNiMo6 material gear machining process |
| CN105483605A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-04-13 | 常州大学 | Ion nitrocarburizing and ion nitriding composite surface modification treatment method |
-
2019
- 2019-08-27 CN CN201910794144.1A patent/CN110408885B/en active Active
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85106828A (en) * | 1985-09-10 | 1987-03-11 | 张弋飞 | The metal parts surface forms the method and apparatus of sulfurized layer |
| JPH07300662A (en) * | 1994-04-28 | 1995-11-14 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Carbo-nitriding treated steel excellent in peeling resistance of surface |
| CN1188813A (en) * | 1997-12-26 | 1998-07-29 | 清华大学 | Compound treatment method for ion nitrogen carbon co-seeping and medium temperature ion sulfuriztion |
| JP2001158955A (en) * | 1999-12-03 | 2001-06-12 | Nippon Techno:Kk | Method for sulfurizing and quenching treatment, sulfurizing and carburizing treatment, and sulfurizing and carbonitriding treatment |
| CN102560504A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2012-07-11 | 上海汇众汽车制造有限公司 | Surface treatment composite technology for prolonging service life of stamping die |
| CN102091921A (en) * | 2011-01-07 | 2011-06-15 | 常州市万航工矿设备有限公司 | Method for manufacturing bevel gear of axle gear box for diesel locomotives |
| CN103736903A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-04-23 | 上海交通大学 | Precision forming method and device of flanged flat gears |
| CN104195452A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-12-10 | 南京创贝高速传动机械有限公司 | Drive gear and preparation method thereof |
| CN104589003A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-05-06 | 苏州路路顺机电设备有限公司 | High-carbon steel gear machining process for gear pump |
| CN105002507A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-10-28 | 襄阳长源东谷实业股份有限公司 | 17CrNiMo6 material gear machining process |
| CN105483605A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-04-13 | 常州大学 | Ion nitrocarburizing and ion nitriding composite surface modification treatment method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| C.H. HU: "Study on Friction Reduction and Anti-Scuffing Technology of Duplex Ion Nitrocarburizing and Sulphrizing", 《KEY ENGINEERING MATERIALS》 * |
| 陈锐: "20#钢碳氮共渗表面渗硫层组成和化学状态的AES和XPS研究", 《摩擦学学报》 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111283389A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-06-16 | 无锡鹰贝精密轴承有限公司 | End face grinding process for wear-resisting disc of hydraulic motor |
| CN111283389B (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2021-10-22 | 无锡鹰贝精密液压有限公司 | End face grinding process for wear-resisting disc of hydraulic motor |
| CN112276501A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-29 | 河南蒲瑞精密机械有限公司 | Machining process of gear with hard tooth surface |
| CN112276501B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-12-14 | 河南蒲瑞精密机械有限公司 | Machining process of gear with hard tooth surface |
| CN112792523A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-14 | 江阴市万里锻件有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength gear for excavator |
| CN114164395A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-11 | 清华大学 | Ionic nitrogen carbon sulfur multi-element co-cementation equipment, processing system and method |
| CN114164395B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-09-23 | 清华大学 | Ionic nitrogen carbon sulfur multi-element co-cementation equipment, processing system and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110408885B (en) | 2021-06-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110408885A (en) | The automobile-used light-duty gear of one kind and its manufacturing process | |
| CN107201524B (en) | Laser strengthening processing forming method for surface of rotary wheel | |
| CN103273285B (en) | A kind of processing method of ring gear | |
| CN103737334B (en) | High-strength gear processing technology | |
| JP3249345B2 (en) | Bevel gear manufacturing method | |
| CN110951943B (en) | Baimamu multiphase steel rail and heat treatment method thereof | |
| CN105385829B (en) | A kind of surface controllable composite strengthening method of forged steel crankshaft material | |
| CN102873520B (en) | Process for machining marine gear | |
| WO1999034023A1 (en) | Continuous annealing furnace, rolling bearing, annealing method, and method of manufacturing inner and outer races of deeply groove ball bearing | |
| CN105643219A (en) | Machining technology for gear shaft | |
| CN102803522A (en) | Method for producing harmonic drive gear base material | |
| CN104762629A (en) | Processing technology for gearbox gear | |
| CN105643218A (en) | Machining method of gear parts of gearbox | |
| CN105002507A (en) | 17CrNiMo6 material gear machining process | |
| CN106111874B (en) | A kind of processing method of automobile-use bearing forging | |
| JP6312988B2 (en) | Large piston ring manufacturing method, large piston ring material, and large piston ring. | |
| CN110142577B (en) | Machining process of input shaft of speed reducer | |
| CN111037243B (en) | Manufacturing method of parking gear of gearbox | |
| CN107475501B (en) | A kind of Micro Alloying brake camshaft and its manufacturing method | |
| JP2014237152A5 (en) | ||
| CN106011739A (en) | Internal combustion engine tappet with high abrasion resistance and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN107470852A (en) | A kind of Micro Alloying semiaxis and its manufacture method | |
| CN106435370A (en) | High-speed steel roller special for cold-rolled high-strength car plate and manufacturing method thereof | |
| WO2022166155A1 (en) | Container crane wheel steel, wheel and preparation method therefor | |
| CN109628727A (en) | A kind of processing technology of thin-walled gear ring |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |