CN110404510B - Metal organic framework material with petal-shaped core-shell structure and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Metal organic framework material with petal-shaped core-shell structure and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN110404510B
CN110404510B CN201910697927.8A CN201910697927A CN110404510B CN 110404510 B CN110404510 B CN 110404510B CN 201910697927 A CN201910697927 A CN 201910697927A CN 110404510 B CN110404510 B CN 110404510B
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熊英
张蒙蒙
单炜军
王月娇
娄振宁
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Abstract

The invention is applied to the technical field of rare earth metal adsorption, and particularly relates to a metal organic framework material with a petal-shaped core-shell structure, and a preparation method and application thereof. The technical scheme is as follows: 1) stirring zirconium tetrachloride, 2-amino terephthalic acid, glacial acetic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide at room temperature, transferring into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, reacting at 120 deg.C for 24h, cooling to room temperature, and washing to obtain UiO-66-NH2And 2) weighing UiO-66-NH2Ultrasonically dispersing in absolute methanol, adding PVP (polyvinyl pyrrolidone), stirring, adding zinc nitrate hexahydrate, stirring, adding 2-methylimidazole, stirring, centrifuging and drying to obtain a petal-shaped core-shell structure adsorbent UiO-66-NH2@ ZIF-8. The preparation method is simple, green and pollution-free, and the prepared adsorbent has high separation and enrichment efficiency on rare earth elements and has practical applicability.

Description

Metal organic framework material with petal-shaped core-shell structure and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention is applied to the technical field of rare earth metal adsorption, and particularly relates to a metal organic framework material with a petal-shaped core-shell structure, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The rare earth elements are 17 elements consisting of scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y) and 15 lanthanoids (Ln). Rare earth elements are rapidly developed by unique magnetism, electrical property and optical property, and become key elements in electric vehicles (Nd, La, Dy), optical fibers (Nd, Er, Eu) and energy-saving lamps (Gd, La, Eu, Tb, Yb). Global interest in clean and green technologies has also greatly increased the overall market value of rare earth elements. Therefore, rare earth metals are important raw materials for the economy and further development of China. However, the global rare earth reserves are limited (1.3 hundred million tons) and the control of rare earth export in China, the major rare earth supply countries, obviously aggravate the global rare earth supply shortage. In addition, wastes containing excessive amounts of rare earth ions discharged from industrial plants for metallurgy, mining, manufacturing, etc. may have serious effects on the environment and human health. Therefore, it is important to develop an eco-friendly strategy for recovering rare earth elements from mine wastewater or industrial and municipal sewage in consideration of the accumulation of rare earth elements in the food chain and their toxicity to human body.
At present, various methods such as a coprecipitation method, an ion exchange method, an electrochemical method, a solvent extraction method and the like are widely applied to separation and pre-enrichment of rare earth. However, most of them require expensive chemical or energy consumption, secondary pollution and are environmentally harmful, especially inefficient for treating rare earth with low concentration. For example, the commonly used solvent extraction techniques require large amounts of organic solvent to perform multiple sequential extraction processes, resulting in large amounts of radioactive waste. In contrast, adsorption allows recovery of metal ions from low concentration sources by a relatively simple process. Therefore, the adsorption method is considered as a green alternative method for separating and adsorbing metal ions due to the advantages of simple operation, low cost, no toxicity, reusability, high efficiency, relatively less secondary waste generation, abundant adsorbents in nature, and the like.
Metal-organic framework Materials (MOFs) are infinite networks of inorganic metal nodes interconnected by strong covalent bonds. Due to their tunable pore structure, large specific surface area, high density of active sites, and adequate stability, MOFs are considered candidate materials for many potential application areas, including selective separations, sensors, heterogeneous catalysis, drug delivery, batteries, and gas storage. In recent years, the use of MOFs as adsorbents in aqueous environments has received increasing attention. Compared with the traditional adsorbent, the MOFs has the advantages of high specific surface area, adjustable pore size, introduction of multiple functions through simple post-synthesis modification and the like. Ahmed f, Abdel-Magied et al report the efficient adsorption of rare earth elements by hierarchical porous zeolite imidazolate framework nanoparticles. Yu-Ri Lee and the like synthesize Cr-MIL-101, and then the adsorbent modified with different functional groups adsorbs rare earth elements, so that the metal organic framework has wide application prospect in the aspect of metal ion adsorption.
However, these studies have relatively low adsorption capacity for rare earths and slow kinetic behavior. In order to explore the potential of application of MOFs in rare earth separation, further improvements are necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a preparation method and application of a metal organic framework material UiO-66-NH2@ ZIF-8 with a petal-shaped core-shell structure.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: metal organic framework material UiO-66-NH with petal-shaped core-shell structure2@ ZIF-8, the preparation method comprises the following steps: taking UiO-66-NH2Ultrasonically dispersing in absolute methanol, adding PVP (polyvinyl pyrrolidone) and stirring, adding zinc nitrate hexahydrate and stirring, finally adding 2-methylimidazole, stirring and centrifugally drying to obtain a petal-shaped core-shell structure adsorbent UiO-66-NH2@ZIF-8。
Preferably, the above-mentioned metal-organic framework material UiO-66-NH with petal-shaped core-shell structure2@ ZIF-8, said UiO-66-NH2The preparation method comprises the following steps: stirring zirconium tetrachloride, 2-amino terephthalic acid, glacial acetic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide at room temperature, then transferring the mixture into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, reacting at the temperature of 100-150 ℃ for 12-24 h, cooling to room temperature, and washing to obtain UiO-66-NH2。
Preferably, the above-mentioned metal-organic framework material UiO-66-NH with petal-shaped core-shell structure2@ ZIF-8, molar ratio, zirconium tetrachloride: 2-amino terephthalic acid = 1: 1-3, according to the solid-liquid ratio, zirconium tetrachloride: n, N-dimethylformamide: glacial acetic acid =50-100 mg: 40-80 mL: 4-8 mL.
Preferably, the above-mentioned metal-organic framework material UiO-66-NH with petal-shaped core-shell structure2@ ZIF-8, solid to liquid ratio, UiO-66-NH2: anhydrous methanol =1 mg: 1mL-3 mL.
Preferably, the above-mentioned metal-organic framework material UiO-66-NH with petal-shaped core-shell structure2@ ZIF-8, UiO-66-NH by mass ratio2: PVP: zinc nitrate hexahydrate: 2-methylimidazole = 1: 1-10:10-30: 10-30.
Preferably, the above-mentioned metal-organic framework material UiO-66 with petal-shaped core-shell structure-NH2@ ZIF-8, wherein the ultrasonic time is 30min-1h, the zinc nitrate hexahydrate is added, the stirring time is 6h-12h, and the 2-methylimidazole is added, and the stirring time is 10min-50 min.
Any one of the above-mentioned metal organic framework materials of petal-shaped core-shell structure UiO-66-NH2Application of @ ZIF-8 in recovering rare earth elements.
Preferably, in the above application, the rare earth element is one or more of nd (iii), eu (iii), gd (iii), and er (iii).
Preferably, the above application comprises the following steps: any one of the above-mentioned metal organic framework materials of petal-shaped core-shell structure UiO-66-NH2@ ZIF-8 was added to the rare earth solution and shaken in a shaking chamber at 180r/min for 24 h.
Preferably, in the above application, the concentration of the rare earth solution is 20-40mg L-1。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) integration of one MOF type into another MOF is an important approach to expanding MOF-based applications, as MOF composites often exhibit enhanced, even unprecedented, properties compared to individual MOFs. These unprecedented advantages provide a promising approach for developing aqueous solution functional materials for adsorbing rare earths. Among the large number of metal-organic framework materials, UiO-66-NH2And ZIF-8 has the characteristics of good porosity, large specific surface area, good stability in water and the like. In particular due to ZIF-8 and UiO-66-NH2Has high-density coordination sites, and the adsorption process can pre-enrich the rare earth and further reduce the equilibrium time. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is taken as a structure directing agent, and a petal-shaped core-shell structure metal organic framework material UiO-66-NH is synthesized by adopting an internal outward expansion growth mode at room temperature2@ ZIF-8. The method has the advantages of simple operation, high resource utilization rate, high adsorption performance to the rare earth elements and short treatment period.
2)UiO-66-NH2And ZIF-8 contains a large amount of-NH2the-COOH, Zn-OH can coordinate with rare earth, and the composite material formed by compounding different MOFs overcomes the adsorption capacity of single MOFLow cost.
3) The work adsorbent prepared by the invention has high separation and enrichment efficiency, and can selectively adsorb rare earth ions from a mixed ion solution. The method has the advantages of simple operation, wide application, large adsorption capacity of the prepared adsorbent and practical applicability.
4) The prepared adsorbing material can be used for recovering rare earth elements in wastewater and waste residues by utilizing the advantages of large specific surface area and high chemical stability of a metal organic framework, coordination functionalization of the existing coordination unsaturated metal center and the like.
5) The modified metal organic framework material prepared by the invention has larger adsorption capacity to rare earth in a solution under a certain acidity, and the maximum adsorption capacity to neodymium is 249.90 mg g-1The saturated adsorption amount of europium was 295.28 mg g-1The saturated adsorption capacity for gadolinium was 326.22 mg g-1The saturated adsorption amount of erbium was 340.95mg g-1。
In conclusion, the adsorbent prepared by the invention can effectively adsorb rare earth ions, is convenient to prepare, has high adsorption rate and has practical practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is UiO-66-NH2Scheme for synthesis of @ ZIF-8.
FIG. 2a shows UiO-66-NH2Scanning Electron microscopy of @ ZIF-8.
FIG. 2b shows UiO-66-NH2 @ ZIF-8、ZIF-8、UiO-66-NH2An infrared spectrum of (1).
FIG. 2c shows UiO-66-NH2@ ZIF-8.
FIG. 2d shows UiO-66-NH2@ ZIF-8 is a graph of adsorption performance of rare earth elements Nd (III), Eu (III), Gd (III) and Er (III) under different acidity.
FIG. 3 is UiO-66-NH2@ ZIF-8 adsorbent adsorbs adsorption isotherms of Nd (III), Eu (III), Gd (III), Er (III).
FIG. 4 is UiO-66-NH2The @ ZIF-8 adsorbent is an analysis chart of the adsorption performance of the rare earth under the interference of other coexisting ions.
Detailed Description
Example 1 Metal organic framework Material UiO-66-NH of petal-shaped core-Shell Structure2Preparation of @ ZIF-8
(I) petal-shaped core-shell structure metal organic framework material UiO-66-NH2Preparation of @ ZIF-8: the synthesis process is shown in figure 1,
1) 0.0745g of zirconium tetrachloride, 0.072g of 2-amino terephthalic acid, 5.5mL of glacial acetic acid and 50mLN, N-dimethylformamide are stirred at room temperature, then the mixture is moved into a hydrothermal reaction kettle to react for 24h at 120 ℃, cooled to room temperature, and washed to obtain UiO-66-NH2。
2) Weighing 10mg of UiO-66-NH2Ultrasonically dispersing in 19 ml of absolute methanol in a round bottom beaker for 1 hour, adding 20 mg of PVP, stirring for 12 hours, adding 0.2 g of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, stirring for 12 hours, adding 0.25 g of 2-methylimidazole, stirring for 45 minutes, centrifuging and drying to obtain the target product, namely the petal-shaped core-shell structure adsorbent UiO-66-NH2 @ ZIF-8。
(II) petal-shaped core-shell structure metal organic framework material UiO-66-NH2Characterization of @ ZIF-8
1. Electron microscopy analysis: from FIG. 2a, UiO-66-NH can be seen2@ ZIF-8 presents a three-dimensional structure, the size is about 1 um, and meanwhile, the ZIF-8 presenting the outer layer presents a lamellar structure and is integrally shaped like a flower.
2. Infrared analysis: FIG. 2b shows UiO-66-NH, respectively2, ZIF-8, UiO-66-NH2@ ZIF-8 infrared spectrogram. 1379, 1679, 3369, 3471 cm in the figure−1C-N stretching vibration peak, N-H bending vibration peak, C = O stretching vibration peak of carboxylic acid and symmetric stretching vibration peak of amine group belonging to aromatic amine, and further 422, 1579, 2929 and 3133 cm- 1Characteristic peaks ascribed to Zn-N, C = N stretching vibration peak, C-H bond and C-N stretching vibration peak on imidazole ring. All these confirmed the UiO-66-NH2And ZIF-8 were successfully complexed together.
3. XRD analysis: as can be seen from FIG. 2c, the complexed UiO-66-NH2@ ZIF-8 XRD Pattern and original UiO-66-NH2And XRD pattern phase of ZIF-8Compared with the prior art, the composite adsorbent has no obvious change, and the original crystal structure of the composite adsorbent is still maintained.
Example 2 UiO-66-NH2The adsorption effect of @ ZIF-8 on Nd (III), Eu (III), Gd (III) and Er (III) under different acidity
1. The method comprises the following steps: 10mg of UiO-66-NH are weighed out separately2@ ZIF-8, 10mL of 30mg L of each-1The solutions of Nd (III), Eu (III), Gd (III), Er (III) have pH values of 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 respectively, and are oscillated for 24 hours in an oscillating box at 30 ℃ and 180 r/min. UiO-66-NH2The process of adsorbing Nd (III) with @ ZIF-8 is shown in FIG. 1, and the adsorption result is shown in FIG. 2 d.
2. As can be seen from FIG. 2d, UiO-66-NH increases with pH2The adsorption rate of the @ ZIF-8 to rare earth ions is gradually increased, and the adsorption rate to rare earth ions is over 90 percent when the pH value is 5, so that the recovery of rare earth elements Nd (III), Eu (III), Gd (III) and Er (III) is realized.
Example 3 UiO-66-NH2Adsorption isotherms of @ ZIF-8 adsorbent for adsorption of Nd (III), Eu (III), Gd (III), Er (III)
1. The method comprises the following steps: respectively prepared to have a concentration of 20 mg ∙ g-1，30 mg∙g-1，50 mg∙g-1，80 mg∙g-1，100 mg∙g-1，150 mg∙g-1，200 mg∙g-1，300 mg∙g-1，500 mg∙g-1The rare earth ion solution of (3) is adjusted to pH 5. 10mg of UiO-66-NH are weighed out separately2@ ZIF-8, adding 10mL of L with the concentration of 20-500 mg-1The solutions of Nd (III), Eu (III), Gd (III), Er (III) are all at pH 5 and are oscillated for 24 hours in a shaking box at 30 ℃ and 180 r/min. The results are shown in FIG. 3.
2. As can be seen from FIG. 3, UiO-66-NH2The maximum adsorption capacities of @ ZIF-8 on the rare earth ion pairs Nd (III), Eu (III), Gd (III) and Er (III) are 249.90, 295.28, 316.22 and 340.95mg g-1. The maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent to the rare earth follows Nd (III)<Eu(III) <Gd(III) <Er (III), which corresponds to the radius, electronegativity and charge density of the metal ions. These all indicate UiO-66-NH2@ ZIF-8 canThe rare earth ions are efficiently recovered.
Example 4 UiO-66-NH2Graph for analyzing adsorption performance of @ ZIF-8 adsorbent on rare earth in the presence of other coexisting ions
1. 10mg of UiO-66-NH are weighed out separately2@ ZIF-8, 10mL of 20 mg L-1The solutions of Cd (II), Zn (II), Cu (II), Mn (II), Co (II), Nd (III), Eu (III), Gd (III) and Er (III) of (2) are all at pH 5, and are shaken for 24 hours in a shaking box at 30 ℃ and 180 r/min. The results are shown in FIG. 4.
2. Under the interference of other coexisting metal ions, the adsorbent UiO-66-NH2The adsorption rate of @ ZIF-8 on Nd (III), Eu (III), Gd (III) and Er (III) is more than 80%. Indicating adsorbent UiO-66-NH2@ ZIF-8 has good selective adsorption performance.

Claims (7)

1. Metal organic framework material UiO-66-NH with petal-shaped core-shell structure2The application of @ ZIF-8 in the recovery of rare earth elements is characterized by comprising the following steps: the metallic organic framework material UiO-66-NH with a petal-shaped core-shell structure2@ ZIF-8 is added into the rare earth solution and oscillated for 24 hours in an oscillating box at 180 r/min;
the rare earth elements are one or more of Nd (III), Eu (III), Gd (III) and Er (III);
the metal organic framework material UiO-66-NH with the petal-shaped core-shell structure2@ ZIF-8, the preparation method comprises the following steps: taking UiO-66-NH2Ultrasonically dispersing in absolute methanol, adding PVP (polyvinyl pyrrolidone) and stirring, adding zinc nitrate hexahydrate and stirring, finally adding 2-methylimidazole, stirring and centrifugally drying to obtain a petal-shaped core-shell structure adsorbent UiO-66-NH2@ZIF-8。
2. The use according to claim 1, wherein said UiO-66-NH2The preparation method comprises the following steps: stirring zirconium tetrachloride, 2-amino terephthalic acid, glacial acetic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide at room temperature, then transferring the mixture into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, reacting at the temperature of 100-150 ℃ for 12-24 h, cooling to room temperature, and washing to obtain UiO-66-NH2。
3. Use according to claim 2, characterized in that the molar ratio, zirconium tetrachloride: 2-amino terephthalic acid = 1: 1-3, according to the solid-liquid ratio, zirconium tetrachloride: n, N-dimethylformamide: glacial acetic acid =50-100 mg: 40-80 mL: 4-8 mL.
4. Use according to claim 1, wherein UiO-66-NH is present in a solid to liquid ratio2: anhydrous methanol =1 mg: 1mL-3 mL.
5. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that, in mass ratio, UiO-66-NH2: PVP: zinc nitrate hexahydrate: 2-methylimidazole = 1: 1-10: 10-30: 10-30.
6. Use according to claim 1, wherein the sonication time is 30min-1H, adding zinc nitrate hexahydrate, stirring for 6h-12h, adding 2-methylimidazole, and stirring for 10min-50 min.
7. The use according to claim 1, wherein the rare earth solution has a concentration of 20-40 mg-L-1。
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