CN110401483B - Laser communication device and method - Google Patents

Laser communication device and method Download PDF

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CN110401483B
CN110401483B CN201910726717.7A CN201910726717A CN110401483B CN 110401483 B CN110401483 B CN 110401483B CN 201910726717 A CN201910726717 A CN 201910726717A CN 110401483 B CN110401483 B CN 110401483B
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nutation
optical power
laser
maximum value
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CN110401483A (en
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于笑楠
佟首峰
宋延嵩
常帅
张磊
张雷
董岩
赵馨
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Changchun University of Science and Technology
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Changchun University of Science and Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2589—Bidirectional transmission
    • H04B10/25891—Transmission components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/60—Receivers
    • H04B10/66—Non-coherent receivers, e.g. using direct detection
    • H04B10/67—Optical arrangements in the receiver

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser communication device and a method, which are used for receiving space laser to a single mode fiber, wherein the laser communication device comprises: the nutation tracking galvanometer, the receiving primary mirror, the single mode fiber and the processing module; the nutation tracking galvanometer is used for receiving and reflecting the space laser in a nutation scanning state; the receiving main mirror is used for receiving the space laser reflected by the nutation tracking vibrating mirror and converging the space laser to the end face of the single-mode optical fiber after optical gain is carried out on the space laser; and the processing module is used for receiving the space laser transmitted by the single-mode optical fiber and adjusting the nutation center of the nutation tracking galvanometer to converge towards the center of the end face of the single-mode optical fiber according to the nutation angle corresponding to the maximum value of the optical power of the received space laser in one nutation scanning period. The invention couples space light to single-mode fiber based on fiber nutation coupling, so that the nutation center of the nutation tracking galvanometer converges to the center of the end face of the single-mode fiber, and high-speed, high-efficiency and convenient space laser communication is realized.

Description

Laser communication device and method
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of laser communication technologies, and in particular, to a laser communication apparatus and method.
Background
The space laser communication can replace optical fiber communication, free-space high-speed laser data transmission is realized under the condition that optical fibers are not conveniently erected, and the space laser communication has a wide application prospect in occasions such as emergency communication, data transmission among buildings, field operation condition guarantee and the like.
At present, in free space laser communication, a servo turntable mechanism and a tracking camera form a closed-loop control system to realize aiming and tracking of light beams, and a large-target-surface space coupling photoelectric detector is adopted for communication receiving. The scheme has the advantages of complex servo mechanism, inflexible configuration, high cost and limited large target surface space coupling communication rate (only 2Gbps magnitude); although the optical fiber device is mature at present, the optical fiber device is applied to space laser communication, the receiving field of communication is limited by 9-micrometer single-mode optical fiber receiving, too high requirements are provided for a traditional camera turntable servo tracking system, and the realization is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a laser communication device and a laser communication method, which are used for solving the problem that a traditional camera turntable servo tracking system in the prior art is difficult to realize that a single-mode optical fiber receives space laser.
In a first aspect, a laser communication device is provided, configured to receive spatial laser light into a single-mode optical fiber, the laser communication device including: the nutation tracking galvanometer, the receiving primary mirror, the single mode fiber and the processing module;
the nutation tracking galvanometer is used for receiving and reflecting the space laser in a nutation scanning state;
the receiving primary mirror is used for receiving the space laser reflected by the nutation tracking galvanometer, and converging the space laser to the end face of the single-mode optical fiber after optical gain is carried out on the space laser;
the processing module is used for receiving single mode fiber transmission space laser, and receive in according to a nutation scanning cycle the nutation angle that the maximum value of space laser's optical power corresponds adjusts nutation center of nutation tracking galvanometer to the central convergence of single mode fiber's terminal surface.
In a second aspect, a laser communication method is provided, which is used for receiving space laser light to a single-mode optical fiber, and is used in the above laser communication apparatus, and the laser communication method includes:
the nutation tracking galvanometer receives and reflects the space laser in a nutation scanning state;
the receiving primary mirror receives the space laser reflected by the nutation tracking galvanometer, and the space laser is converged to the end face of the single-mode optical fiber after optical gain is carried out on the space laser;
processing module receives single mode fiber transmission space laser, and receive in according to a nutation scanning cycle the nutation angle that the maximum value of space laser's optical power corresponds adjusts nutation center of nutation tracking galvanometer to the center convergence of single mode fiber's terminal surface.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the optical fiber nutation coupling is used as a basis to carry out coupling from space light to a single-mode optical fiber, so that the nutation center of the nutation tracking galvanometer is converged towards the center of the end face of the single-mode optical fiber, and therefore, the optical axis alignment can be realized, a laser communication link can be established conveniently, and the high-speed, high-efficiency and convenient space laser communication is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a laser communication apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a processing module of the laser communication apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a laser communication apparatus according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a laser communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a nutating-scanned single-mode optical fiber of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the fluctuation of the optical power of the spatial laser during nutation scanning in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of spot-fiber position for an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of spot-fiber position variation for a nutating scan process in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the optical power fluctuation of the spatial laser corresponding to the spot-fiber position change during nutation scanning in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a flowchart of a laser communication method of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a laser communication device. The laser communication device is used for receiving space laser to a single-mode optical fiber. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the laser communication device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes: the device comprises a nutation tracking galvanometer 1, a receiving primary mirror 2, a single mode fiber 3 and a processing module 4. The diameter of the single mode optical fiber 3 adopted by the embodiment of the invention is 9 μm.
Specifically, the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 is used for receiving and reflecting the space laser in a nutation scanning state. The spatial laser light may be emitted by an optical transmitter and receiver. Specifically, the optical transceiver may emit the spatial laser light at a divergence angle of 1 mrad. It should be understood that spatial laser light should effectively cover the laser communication device of embodiments of the present invention to obtain data for an effective nutating scan. The nutation scan is a circular scan, and the nutation radius of the nutation scan can be preset according to experience, so that the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 is specifically used for performing same-phase sine motion and cosine motion respectively on the azimuth axis and the pitch axis of the nutation tracking galvanometer 1, and synthesizing the circular nutation scan. By nutating the two-dimensional motion of the tracking galvanometer 1, a scanning trajectory as shown in fig. 4 is achieved. The optical transmitter and receiver on the left side in fig. 4 is the transmitting end. The laser communication device (which may also be an optical transceiver) on the right is the receiving end. The laser communication device at the receiving end is effectively covered by the light beam of the space laser emitted by the optical transmitter and receiver at the transmitting end, and the nutation scanning track is shown as a dotted line.
In the embodiment of the invention, only one electromagnetic galvanometer which can realize both high-speed nutation and low-speed compensation control is adopted as the nutation tracking galvanometer 1, and nutation scanning and compensation control can be realized simultaneously. In addition, the laser communication device of the embodiment of the invention is mainly used for point-to-point and static space laser communication, the main effect of optical fiber nutation is beam aiming and field convergence, and particularly high-speed tracking and inhibition are not needed, so that the speed of the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 does not need particularly strict requirements, a single galvanometer scheme can be adopted, the number of galvanometers is reduced, the complexity of the whole device is reduced, and the cost is saved.
And the receiving main mirror 2 is used for receiving the space laser reflected by the nutation tracking vibrating mirror 1 and converging the space laser to the end face of the single-mode optical fiber 3 after optical gain is carried out on the space laser.
And the processing module 4 is connected with the single-mode fiber 3 and is used for receiving the space laser transmitted by the single-mode fiber 3 and adjusting the nutation center of the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 to converge towards the center of the end face of the single-mode fiber 3 according to the nutation angle corresponding to the maximum value of the optical power of the space laser received in one nutation scanning period. As shown in fig. 5, the spot moves 360 degrees for one nutation scan period; the nutating center gradually moves toward the center of the end face of the single-mode optical fiber 3. Wherein, the small circle in the figure is a sampling point, and the distance between the circle center A and the circle center B is a nutation step length. The distance from the center B to the point C on the circumference is the radius of a nutating circle (i.e., the nutating radius).
By extracting the nutation angle corresponding to the maximum value of the optical power in one nutation scanning period as direction identification information, the angular resolution can be greatly improved, and the alignment accuracy is improved. By adjusting the nutation center of the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 to converge towards the center of the end face of the single-mode optical fiber 3, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the optical power is gradually increased, which is beneficial to high-precision field alignment, and a laser communication link is established, so that high-efficiency stable tracking and coupling can be realized.
Specifically, the processing module 4 includes: a first SFP (Small Form plug) connected to the single mode fiber 3 plus fiber interface 401. The first SFP + optical fiber interface 401 has a transmission speed of 10Gbps, and is an SFP detector with an optical power monitoring function; therefore, the first SFP + fiber interface 401 is configured to receive the spatial laser, and detect the fluctuation of the optical power of the spatial laser through the digital diagnostic function of the first SFP + fiber interface 401, so as to implement data transmission and nutation tracking simultaneously with a single detector, thereby simplifying the system. The processing module 4 can obtain a nutation angle corresponding to the maximum value of the optical power of the received space laser within one nutation scanning period according to the fluctuation of the optical power detected by the first SFP + optical fiber interface 401, so that the nutation center of the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 can be adjusted to converge towards the center of the end face of the single-mode optical fiber 3.
Preferably, before the process that the processing module 4 adjusts the nutation center of the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 to converge towards the center of the end face of the single-mode optical fiber 3, the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 is required to capture the space laser, that is, the optical power of the space laser entering the single-mode optical fiber 3 needs to meet a threshold; therefore, the processing module 4 is further configured to determine whether the maximum optical power of all sampling points in the nutation scanning period of the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 is greater than a preset optical power threshold; and if the maximum optical power of all sampling points is greater than the preset optical power threshold value, the nutation center of the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 is adjusted to converge towards the center of the end face of the single-mode optical fiber 3. The predetermined optical power threshold may be set empirically.
If the maximum optical power of all sampling points after the scanning is not greater than the preset optical power threshold value, it indicates that the acquisition of the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 fails, for example, the light spot shown in fig. 8(a) does not coincide with the end face of the single-mode optical fiber 3, the processing module 4 does not diagnose the change of the optical power in the nutation process through the first SFP + optical fiber interface 401, and the processing module 4 does not adjust the nutation center of the nutation tracking galvanometer 1, as shown in fig. 9(a), which corresponds to fig. 8(a), and the optical power does not change. And if the acquisition of the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 fails, restarting the acquisition process until the maximum optical power of all sampling points after the scanning is greater than a preset optical power threshold value.
If the maximum optical power of all sampling points after the scanning is greater than the preset optical power threshold, it indicates that the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 successfully realizes the large-range capture (± 1 °) of the space laser, so that effective data can be acquired. When the space-capturing is completed, the spot portions shown in fig. 8(b) to (d) periodically cover the end face of the single-mode optical fiber 3. It will be appreciated that as the nutating centre of the nutating tracking galvanometer 1 converges towards the centre of the end face of the single mode optical fibre 3, the maximum optical power of the sampling points within the nutating scan period increases progressively and therefore remains greater than the preset optical power threshold.
For the process of adjusting the convergence of the nutation center of the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 to the center of the end face of the single-mode optical fiber 3, the processing module 4 is specifically applied as follows:
a processing module 4, specifically configured to determine a convergence direction according to a nutation angle corresponding to a maximum value of optical power of the received spatial laser in one nutation scanning period, and employ
Figure BDA0002159166930000061
And calculating the arc length of the convergence direction corresponding to the nutation scanning period.
Wherein, thetar,jThe arc length indicating the direction of convergence. i.e. ijThe ordering of the sampling points corresponding to the maximum value of the optical power in one nutation scanning period is shown (for example, the optical power of the 6 th sampling point is maximum, and i is 6). It should be understood that the ordering is from 0 to 360 ° in terms of nutation angle, and that embodiments of the invention order in terms of counterclockwise rotation. N represents the number of sample points. The number of sampling points can be set empirically. Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention determines through experiments that the number of sampling points has little influence on the tracking effect required by the embodiment of the present invention, and the smaller the number of sampling points, the faster the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 is adjusted, and the higher the efficiency, so that the number of sampling points of the embodiment of the present invention can be reduced on the basis of ensuring the tracking effect. Preferably, the number of sampling points of the embodiment of the present invention is 100 points. j represents the number of nutation scan periods, and the maximum optical power of all sampling points within the nutation scan period is greater than a preset optical power threshold.
When a light spot is scanned by the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 and contacts with the end face of the single-mode fiber 3, firstly, the light power obtained by the processing module 4 through the first SFP + fiber interface 401 generates fluctuation as shown in fig. 9(b) to (d) (fig. 9(b) to (d) correspond to fig. 8(b) to (d), respectively), that is, fluctuation of the light power occurs in a nutation scanning range of 0-360 degrees, and an angle corresponding to the maximum value is a direction of the light spot from the center of the end face of the single-mode fiber 3, that is, a convergence direction, so that an arc length in the convergence direction is calculated according to the convergence direction, so that a polar coordinate vector is converted subsequently, and the nutation center of the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 is controlled to converge towards the center of the end face of the single-mode fiber 3.
The processing module 4 is further specifically configured to obtain a component error _ x of an arc length in the convergence direction corresponding to the nutation scanning period along the convergence direction on the x-axisj＝cosθr,jAnd component error _ y in the y-axisj＝sinθr,j。
The processing module 4 is further specifically configured to obtain an iteration execution amount Sum _ error _ x of the nutation tracking galvanometer corresponding to the nutation scanning period at the x axisj＝Sum_error_xj-1+error_xjX u and the iterative execution quantity Sum _ error _ y on the y-axisj＝Sum_error_yj-1+error_yj×u。
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002159166930000073
a denotes the step size of convergence. The step size of convergence refers to the distance that the nutation center moves toward the center of the end face of the single-mode optical fiber 3 per nutation scan period, and can be preset empirically. KpDenotes the proportionality coefficient, KiDenotes the integral coefficient, KdThe differential coefficient is expressed and can be preset according to experience. PmaxThe maximum value of the preset optical power is represented, which is the maximum value of the corresponding optical power when the nutation center obtained by theoretical calculation coincides with the center of the end face of the single-mode optical fiber 3. Pi,jRepresenting the maximum value of optical power during one nutating scan period. Delta PmaxRepresenting the difference between the maximum value of the preset optical power and the maximum value of the optical power within one nutation scan period.
Figure BDA0002159166930000074
Δ P representing the present nutation scan period and all nutation scan periods prior to the present nutation scan periodmaxThe sum of (1). Should be takenIt should be understood that the nutation scan period described herein is a nutation scan period in which the maximum optical power of all sampling points within the nutation scan period is greater than a preset optical power threshold. Delta Pj,j-1The difference between the maximum value of the optical power in the current nutation scanning period and the maximum value of the optical power in the previous nutation scanning period is shown. It should be understood that the initial Sum _ error _ x and Sum _ error _ y are 0. It should also be appreciated that the iteration is only performed if the maximum optical power of all the samples during a nutation scan period is greater than a preset optical power threshold, and the iteration is performed once every nutation scan period.
The processing module 4 is specifically configured to obtain a total execution amount of the nutation tracking galvanometer in the x axis corresponding to the nutation scanning period of this time
Figure BDA0002159166930000071
And total execution amount on y-axis
Figure BDA0002159166930000072
Wherein, XcenterInitial abscissa, Y, representing the nutating scan centercenterInitial ordinate, A, representing the centre of nutation scanrIndicating the nutation radius.
Through the specific application, after the maximum optical power of all sampling points in one nutation scanning period is larger than a preset optical power threshold value, the processing module 4 adjusts the nutation center of the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 to gradually converge towards the center of the end face of the single-mode optical fiber 3 by acquiring data of each nutation scanning period, so that a one-way laser communication link can be finally established, and on the basis, a two-way laser communication link can be naturally established to complete duplex 10Gbps high-speed free space laser communication.
Preferably, the processing module 4 further comprises: a second SFP + fiber interface 402 to connect with external devices. After the laser communication link is established, the processing module 4 may convert the received signal of the space laser into an electrical signal, and transmit the electrical signal to the external device through the second SFP + optical fiber interface 402, so that the user may obtain corresponding information through the external device.
Through setting up first SFP + fiber interface 401 and second SFP + fiber interface 402, can realize passing through formula SFP framework, this laser communication device need not to carry out complicated signal conversion and processing, has greatly improved this laser communication device's commonality.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the processing module 4 may include the following specific units to complete the corresponding functions:
an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) logic unit 403, an arm (advanced RISC machine) control unit 404, a mirror driving unit 405, and a power supply unit 406.
And the FPGA logic unit 403 is configured to implement serial-to-parallel conversion and parallel-to-serial conversion of signals between the first SFP + optical fiber interface 401 and the second SFP + optical fiber interface 402, so that transparent transmission of laser transmission can be implemented.
After the first SFP + optical fiber interface 401 receives the signal of the space laser, the signal of the space laser is converted into an electrical signal, the electrical signal enters the FPGA logic unit 403, serial-parallel conversion is performed through the FPGA logic unit 403, parallel-serial conversion is performed on parallel data obtained by conversion, and then the obtained serial data is sent to the second SFP + optical fiber interface 402 so as to be sent to external equipment through the second SFP + optical fiber interface 402 for being viewed by a user.
The ARM control unit 404 is configured to determine a total execution amount of the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 in an x axis and a total execution amount in a y axis according to a nutation angle corresponding to a maximum value of optical power of the spatial laser received in one nutation scanning period obtained by the first SFP + optical fiber interface 401.
And the galvanometer driving unit 405 is configured to drive the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 to vibrate according to the total execution amount of the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 in the x axis and the total execution amount of the nutation tracking galvanometer 1 in the y axis determined by the ARM control unit 404, so that the nutation center converges towards the center of the end face of the single-mode optical fiber 3.
And a power supply unit 406 for connecting an external power supply device to supply power to the processing module 4. Specifically, the power supply unit 406 may include a power supply interface and a power management section. The power supply interface is used for being connected with external equipment. The power management part is used for managing and distributing electric quantity.
In addition, the laser communication device can be used as a receiving end to receive the space laser and also can be used as a transmitting end to transmit the space laser. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the laser communication device according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention further includes: an optical amplifier 5, a main emission mirror 6 and a beam sighting telescope 7.
The optical amplifier 5 may be connected to the first SFP + optical fiber interface 401 of the processing module 4 through the single-mode optical fiber 3, and is configured to amplify a signal of the spatial laser to be transmitted. Specifically, the optical Amplifier 5 may be an EDFA Amplifier (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier). Because the laser signal transmitted by the processing module 4 is 1mW magnitude, it is difficult to realize long-distance optical transmission, so the weak signal enters the optical amplifier 5 to perform power amplification to 1000mW magnitude.
And the emission main mirror 6 is used for emitting the space laser amplified by the optical amplifier 5. The emission primary mirror 6 and the optical amplifier 5 can be connected through an optical fiber 8 (the optical fiber can also be a single-mode optical fiber), and the laser beam is emitted to the space at a certain laser divergence angle by collimating the space optical fiber, so that the narrow beam divergence angle emission of the laser beam is realized. The optical amplifier 5 and the primary emission mirror 6 may be connected by an optical fiber 8.
And a beam sighting telescope 7 for sighting the space laser to a receiving target. The light speed sighting telescope 7 can be matched with an adjustable tripod to enable emitted laser to accurately cover a receiving target (such as an optical transceiver), so that space sighting is realized, and accurate pointing of a light beam is completed.
When the laser communication device is used as a transmitting end, the second SFP + optical fiber interface 402 is used for receiving transmission data input by a user. The FPGA logic unit 403 receives data to be transmitted of a user through the high-speed GTX interface, performs serial-to-parallel conversion, then performs parallel-to-serial conversion on the parallel data again, and the serial data is modulated by the first SFP + optical fiber interface 401 to be transmitted as a laser signal.
Specifically, when the laser communication device is used as a transmitting end, the processing module 4 is powered on through the power supply unit 406, and a user inputs transmission data into the second SFP + optical fiber interface 402 through an optical fiber, so that the data enters the processing module 4. After processing the transmission data, the processing module 4 modulates the transmission data into a signal of space laser through the first SFP + optical fiber interface 401, and transmits the signal to the optical amplifier 5. The optical amplifier 5 amplifies the signal of the spatial laser beam, and transmits the amplified signal to a receiving target by the transmission main mirror 6. The beam scope 7 assists the beam in directing it precisely to the receiving target.
The laser communication device according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention is used to establish a bidirectional communication link, and the parameters and indexes of the laser communication link and the laser communication device may be indexes shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 laser communication Link and laser communication device parameters and indexes
Figure BDA0002159166930000101
To sum up, the laser communication device according to the embodiment of the present invention couples the spatial light to the single-mode fiber based on the fiber nutation coupling, so that the nutation center of the nutation tracking galvanometer converges toward the center of the end face of the single-mode fiber, thereby achieving optical axis alignment, facilitating establishment of a laser communication link, and achieving high-speed, efficient, and convenient spatial laser communication.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a laser communication method. The laser communication method is used for the laser communication apparatus of the above embodiment. Specifically, the laser communication method is used for receiving space laser to a single-mode optical fiber. The diameter of the single mode fiber was 9 μm. As shown in fig. 10, the laser communication method includes the steps of:
step S101: the nutating tracking galvanometer receives and reflects the spatial laser light in a nutating scanning state.
Specifically, the nutation tracking galvanometer respectively carries out in-phase sine motion and cosine motion on an azimuth axis and a pitch axis of the nutation tracking galvanometer to synthesize circular nutation scanning.
Step S102: the receiving primary mirror receives the space laser reflected by the nutation tracking vibrating mirror, and the space laser is converged to the end face of the single-mode optical fiber after optical gain is carried out on the space laser.
Step S103: the processing module receives the space laser transmitted by the single-mode optical fiber, and adjusts the nutation center of the nutation tracking galvanometer to converge towards the center of the end face of the single-mode optical fiber according to the nutation angle corresponding to the maximum value of the optical power of the received space laser in one nutation scanning period.
Preferably, before the step of adjusting the nutation center of the nutation tracking galvanometer to converge toward the center of the end face of the single-mode optical fiber, the laser communication method further includes:
(1) the processing module judges whether the maximum optical power of all sampling points in the nutation scanning period of the nutation tracking galvanometer is larger than a preset optical power threshold value or not.
(2) And if the maximum optical power of all sampling points is greater than a preset optical power threshold value, the nutation center of the nutation tracking galvanometer is adjusted to converge towards the center of the end face of the single-mode optical fiber.
Step S103 specifically includes the following processes:
(1) the processing module determines the convergence direction according to the nutation angle corresponding to the maximum value of the optical power of the received space laser in one nutation scanning period and adopts
Figure BDA0002159166930000111
And calculating the arc length of the convergence direction corresponding to the nutation scanning period.
Wherein, thetar,jArc length, i, indicating the direction of convergencejThe method comprises the steps of representing the sequence of sampling points corresponding to the maximum value of optical power in a nutation scanning period, N representing the number of the sampling points, j representing the number of the nutation scanning period, and enabling the maximum optical power of all the sampling points in the nutation scanning period to be larger than a preset optical power threshold value.
(2) Obtaining a component error _ x of an arc length in a convergence direction corresponding to the nutation scanning period along the convergence direction on an x axisj＝cosθr,jAnd component error _ y in the y-axisj＝sinθr,j。
(3) Obtaining the iteration execution quantity Sum _ error _ x of the nutation tracking galvanometer corresponding to the nutation scanning period at the x axisj＝Sum_error_xj-1+error_xjX u and the iterative execution quantity Sum _ error _ y on the y-axisj＝Sum_error_yj-1+error_yj×u。
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002159166930000123
a represents the step size of convergence, KpDenotes the proportionality coefficient, KiDenotes the integral coefficient, KdRepresenting a differential coefficient, PmaxRepresenting a maximum value of a predetermined optical power, Pi,jRepresenting the maximum value of optical power, Δ P, during a nutating scan periodmaxRepresenting the difference between the maximum value of the preset optical power and the maximum value of the optical power within one nutation scan period,
Figure BDA0002159166930000124
Δ P representing the present nutation scan period and all nutation scan periods prior to the present nutation scan periodmaxAnd, Δ Pj,j-1The difference between the maximum value of the optical power in the current nutation scanning period and the maximum value of the optical power in the previous nutation scanning period is shown.
(4) Obtaining the total execution quantity of the nutation tracking galvanometer corresponding to the nutation scanning period on the x axis
Figure BDA0002159166930000121
And total execution amount on y-axis
Figure BDA0002159166930000122
Wherein, XcenterInitial abscissa, Y, representing the nutating scan centercenterInitial ordinate, A, representing the centre of nutation scanrIndicating the nutation radius.
As for the method embodiment, since it is basically similar to the apparatus embodiment, the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the partial description of the apparatus embodiment.
To sum up, the laser communication method according to the embodiment of the present invention couples the spatial light to the single-mode fiber based on the fiber nutation coupling, so that the nutation center of the nutation tracking galvanometer converges toward the center of the end face of the single-mode fiber, thereby achieving optical axis alignment, facilitating establishment of a laser communication link, and achieving high-speed, efficient, and convenient spatial laser communication.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a U disk, a removable hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A laser communication device for receiving spatial laser light into a single mode optical fiber, the laser communication device comprising: the nutation tracking galvanometer, the receiving primary mirror, the single mode fiber and the processing module;
the nutation tracking galvanometer is used for receiving and reflecting the space laser in a nutation scanning state;
the receiving primary mirror is used for receiving the space laser reflected by the nutation tracking galvanometer, and converging the space laser to the end face of the single-mode optical fiber after optical gain is carried out on the space laser;
processing module for receive single mode fiber transmission space laser, and judgement nutation tracking galvanometer nutation scanning cycle in all sampling points maximum optical power be greater than predetermineeing the optical power threshold value, if the maximum optical power of all sampling points is greater than predetermineeing the optical power threshold value, then according to receiving in a nutation scanning cycle the nutation angle that the maximum value of space laser's optical power corresponds, the adjustment nutation center of nutation tracking galvanometer to the center convergence of single mode fiber's terminal surface.
2. The laser communication device of claim 1, wherein the processing module comprises: and the first SFP + optical fiber interface is connected with the single-mode optical fiber, and is used for receiving the space laser and detecting the fluctuation of the optical power of the space laser through the digital diagnosis function of the first SFP + optical fiber interface.
3. The laser communication device according to claim 1, wherein: the nutation tracking galvanometer is specifically used for carrying out same-phase sine motion and cosine motion respectively on an azimuth axis and a pitch axis of the nutation tracking galvanometer to synthesize circular nutation scanning.
4. The laser communication device according to claim 1, wherein: the processing module is specifically configured to determine a convergence direction according to a nutation angle corresponding to a maximum value of optical power of the received space laser within one nutation scanning period, and employs
Figure FDA0002668927270000011
Calculating the arc length of the convergence direction corresponding to the nutation scanning period, wherein thetar,jArc length, i, indicating the direction of convergencejRepresenting the sequence of sampling points corresponding to the maximum value of the optical power in a nutation scanning period, wherein N represents the number of the sampling points, j represents the number of the nutation scanning period, and the maximum optical power of all the sampling points in the nutation scanning period is greater than the preset optical power threshold value;
acquiring a component error _ x of the arc length of the convergence direction corresponding to the nutation scanning period along the convergence direction on the x axisj＝cosθr,jAnd component error _ y in the y-axisj＝sinθr,j；
Obtaining the iteration execution quantity Sum _ error _ x of the nutation tracking galvanometer corresponding to the nutation scanning period at the x axisj＝Sum_error_xj-1+error_xjX u and the iterative execution quantity Sum _ error _ y on the y-axisj＝Sum_error_yj-1+error_yjX u, wherein,
Figure FDA0002668927270000021
a represents the step size of convergence, KpDenotes the proportionality coefficient, KiDenotes the integral coefficient, KdRepresenting a differential coefficient, PmaxRepresenting a maximum value of a predetermined optical power, Pi,jRepresenting the maximum value of optical power, Δ P, during a nutating scan periodmaxRepresenting the difference between the maximum value of the preset optical power and the maximum value of the optical power within one nutation scan period,
Figure FDA0002668927270000022
Δ P representing the present nutation scan period and all nutation scan periods prior to the present nutation scan periodmaxAnd, Δ Pj,j-1The difference value of the maximum value of the optical power in the current nutation scanning period and the maximum value of the optical power in the previous nutation scanning period is represented;
obtaining the total execution quantity of the nutation tracking galvanometer corresponding to the nutation scanning period at the time on the x axis
Figure FDA0002668927270000023
And total execution amount on y-axis
Figure FDA0002668927270000024
Wherein, XcenterInitial abscissa, Y, representing the nutating scan centercenterInitial ordinate, A, representing the centre of nutation scanrIndicating the nutation radius.
5. The laser communication device of claim 1, wherein the processing module further comprises: a second SFP + fiber interface to connect with an external device.
6. The laser communication device according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the single mode fiber is 9 μm.
7. A laser communication method for receiving space laser light to a single-mode optical fiber, the laser communication method being used for the laser communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the laser communication method comprising:
the nutation tracking galvanometer receives and reflects the space laser in a nutation scanning state;
the receiving primary mirror receives the space laser reflected by the nutation tracking galvanometer, and the space laser is converged to the end face of the single-mode optical fiber after optical gain is carried out on the space laser;
processing module receives single mode fiber transmission space laser, and judge whether nutation tracking galvanometer this nutation scanning cycle in the maximum optical power of all sampling points be greater than predetermineeing the optical power threshold value, if the maximum optical power of all sampling points is greater than predetermineeing the optical power threshold value, then according to receiving in a nutation scanning cycle the nutation angle that the maximum value of space laser's optical power corresponds, the adjustment nutation center of nutation tracking galvanometer to the center convergence of single mode fiber's terminal surface.
8. The laser communication method of claim 7, wherein the step of adjusting the convergence of the nutation center of the nutation tracking galvanometer to the center of the end face of the single mode optical fiber comprises:
the processing module determines the convergence direction according to the nutation angle corresponding to the maximum value of the optical power of the received space laser in one nutation scanning period and adopts
Figure FDA0002668927270000031
Calculating the arc length of the convergence direction corresponding to the nutation scanning period, wherein thetar,jArc length, i, indicating the direction of convergencejRepresenting the sequence of sampling points corresponding to the maximum value of the optical power in a nutation scanning period, N representing the number of the sampling points, j representing the times of the nutation scanning period, and the maximum optical power of all the sampling points in the nutation scanning period being greater than the preset valueAn optical power threshold;
acquiring a component error _ x of the arc length of the convergence direction corresponding to the nutation scanning period along the convergence direction on the x axisj＝cosθr,jAnd component error _ y in the y-axisj＝sinθr,j；
Obtaining the iteration execution quantity Sum _ error _ x of the nutation tracking galvanometer corresponding to the nutation scanning period at the x axisj＝Sum_error_xj-1+error_xjX u and the iterative execution quantity Sum _ error _ y on the y-axisj＝Sum_error_yj-1+error_yjX u, wherein,
Figure FDA0002668927270000032
a represents the step size of convergence, KpDenotes the proportionality coefficient, KiDenotes the integral coefficient, KdRepresenting a differential coefficient, PmaxRepresenting a maximum value of a predetermined optical power, Pi,jRepresenting the maximum value of optical power, Δ P, during a nutating scan periodmaxRepresenting the difference between the maximum value of the preset optical power and the maximum value of the optical power within one nutation scan period,
Figure FDA0002668927270000041
Δ P representing the present nutation scan period and all nutation scan periods prior to the present nutation scan periodmaxAnd, Δ Pj,j-1The difference value of the maximum value of the optical power in the current nutation scanning period and the maximum value of the optical power in the previous nutation scanning period is represented;
obtaining the total execution quantity of the nutation tracking galvanometer corresponding to the nutation scanning period at the time on the x axis
Figure FDA0002668927270000042
And total execution amount on y-axis
Figure FDA0002668927270000043
Wherein, XcenterInitial abscissa, Y, representing the nutating scan centercenterInitial longitudinal direction representing nutation scan centerCoordinates, ArIndicating the nutation radius.
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