CN110394488B - Deep cavity corner cleaning processing method - Google Patents
Deep cavity corner cleaning processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110394488B CN110394488B CN201910697294.0A CN201910697294A CN110394488B CN 110394488 B CN110394488 B CN 110394488B CN 201910697294 A CN201910697294 A CN 201910697294A CN 110394488 B CN110394488 B CN 110394488B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
- B23C3/12—Trimming or finishing edges, e.g. deburring welded corners
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2220/00—Details of milling processes
- B23C2220/60—Roughing
- B23C2220/605—Roughing and finishing
Abstract
The invention discloses a processing method of deep cavity corner cleaning, belonging to the technical field of machining, comprising the following steps: s1: roughly milling each part of the deep cavity by adopting a first cutter with a cutting edge radius larger than the R angle radius; s2: finish milling each part of the deep cavity by adopting a second cutter with a cutting edge radius equal to the radius of the first cutter; s3: and carrying out plunge milling on the R-angle area after finish milling by adopting a third cutter with the cutting edge radius not larger than the R-angle radius to finish the deep cavity processing of the R-angle. By utilizing the deep cavity corner cleaning processing method, the processing efficiency and quality of the waveguide groove of the waveguide part can be effectively improved, the damage of a cutter is reduced, the roughness of the processed waveguide groove is ensured, the production cost of the waveguide part is reduced, and the deep cavity corner cleaning processing method has good application value and popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a machining method for deep cavity corner cleaning.
Background
With the continuous development of science and technology, the application of waveguide parts is more and more extensive. In order to ensure the stable conduction of the microwave in the waveguide slot, the fillet in the waveguide slot is generally required to be as small as possible (the fillet is generally required to have R less than or equal to 0.5), the integral surface roughness of the waveguide slot is higher, and the minimum requirement is Ra1.6.
Therefore, when waveguide parts are precisely machined, a cutter with the cutter radius smaller than or equal to the fillet R of the waveguide groove is adopted to adapt. When the ratio of the waveguide groove depth to the value of R of the fillet is more than or equal to 20, namely the length-diameter ratio of the required processing tool reaches 10, the waveguide groove forms a deep cavity structure. How to process the deep cavity structure and make the roughness of the R angle of the deep cavity reach Ra1.6 becomes the difficulty of processing the waveguide parts and restricts the application of the waveguide parts.
In the prior art, methods for deep cavity corner cleaning generally include:
1. and (3) roughly machining the R angle of the deep cavity by using a large-diameter milling cutter, and then milling the R angle and the residual contour layer by using a small-diameter milling cutter, namely finishing machining the R angle of the deep cavity by adopting a conventional milling cutter milling mode.
The processing mode has the following disadvantages: a) the processing efficiency is low. During machining, rough machining is carried out by using a large-diameter milling cutter, then layered milling machining is carried out by using a small-diameter milling cutter, the depth of cut of each layer is usually D/10(D is the diameter of the milling cutter), and if the depth of a deep cavity is 10D, 100 layers of machining are needed when the corner cleaning machining of the deep cavity is completed. b) And the apparent quality of the R angle is poor after milling. Because the R angle is smaller and deeper, and the used milling cutter is small in diameter and long, the rigidity of the milling cutter is poor, the cutting part of the milling cutter is influenced by radial force, the radial moment borne by the clamping part of the milling cutter is obvious, the milling cutter can vibrate, the milled R angle has obvious chattering, the roughness is difficult to meet the requirement, the milling cutter is easy to break, and the cutting state is unstable.
2. The R-angle is machined by means of drill drilling, such as the deep cavity R-angle machining process disclosed in patent 2018109818127, which takes the form of drilling and reaming when the roughness requirement at the R-angle is high.
The processing form of the deep cavity R angle has great difficulty in realizing waveguide parts or parts with small R. The main reason is that: a) the smaller the diameter of the drill bit is, the lower the strength is, the higher the breaking probability of the drill bit is in the drilling process, and the cutter can be left in the drilled hole after the cutter is broken and is difficult to take out; b) the roughness of the surface of the R angle machined by a drilling machining mode is poor, the optimum roughness can only reach Ra3.2 after reaming, and two ends of the machined R angle have residues, so that the roughness of the R angle machined by the patent can not reach Ra1.6, and the machining requirement of waveguide parts can not be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at one or more of the defects or the improvement requirements in the prior art, the invention provides the processing method of the deep cavity corner cleaning, which can quickly and accurately realize the waveguide groove processing of the waveguide part, ensure that the surface roughness of the R corner of the deep cavity in the waveguide groove meets the requirements of the waveguide part, improve the processing efficiency and accuracy of the waveguide part and reduce the damage of a cutter.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a processing method of a deep cavity corner cleaning, which is used for the deep cavity processing of an R corner of a waveguide part and comprises the following steps,
s1: roughly milling each part of the deep cavity by adopting a first cutter with a cutting edge radius larger than the R angle radius;
s2: finish milling each part of the deep cavity by adopting a second cutter with a cutting edge radius equal to the radius of the first cutter;
s3: and carrying out plunge milling on the R-angle area after finish milling by adopting a third cutter with the cutting edge radius not larger than the R-angle radius to finish the deep cavity processing of the R-angle.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S3, the cutting edge radius of the third cutter is equal to the radius of the R-angle.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S3, the plunge milling pitch of the third tool when two adjacent plunge mills are performed is not greater than L, and the value L satisfies the following formula:
in the formula: l is the plunge milling distance with the unit of mm; ra is the surface roughness required to reach the R angle of the deep cavity, and the unit is mm; r is the cutting edge radius of the third tool in mm.
As a further improvement of the present invention, a plunge milling path of the third tool during the R-angle machining is "L-shaped", and a plunge milling distance between two adjacent plunge mills is equal to L.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the first tool, the second tool and the third tool are installed in a numerically controlled machine tool capable of three-axis linkage.
The above-described improved technical features may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the processing method of the deep cavity corner cleaning, cutters with corresponding cutting edge radiuses are respectively selected through rough milling, finish milling and R-angle processing in the waveguide groove processing process of the waveguide part, the first cutter and the second cutter with the cutting edge radiuses larger than the R-angle radiuses are used for rough milling and finish milling of the deep cavity of the part in sequence, under the condition that the processing depth of the waveguide groove is fixed, the diameter of the cutter is as large as possible, the rough milling and the finish milling of the waveguide groove do not belong to deep cavity processing, the material removal rate in the part processing process is improved, breakage and damage which possibly occur in the cutter processing process can be effectively avoided, vibration in the cutter processing process is reduced, and the stability and the efficiency of cutter processing are improved;
(2) according to the processing method of the deep cavity corner cleaning, the R corner is processed by independently setting the third cutter with the cutting edge radius not larger than the R corner radius, and the R corner is processed in a plunge milling mode, so that the deep cavity processing is only carried out at the R corner position during the waveguide groove processing, the difficulty of waveguide groove processing is effectively reduced, the cutter vibration caused by the fact that the cutter is obviously stressed in the radial direction is avoided, the rigidity and the strength of the third cutter are ensured as much as possible by further preferably selecting the cutting edge radius of the third cutter to be equal to the radius of the R corner, the roughness after the R corner plunge milling is fully ensured, and the efficiency and the stability of the R corner processing are improved;
(3) according to the processing method for the deep cavity corner cleaning, the processing path of the R corner is set to be L-shaped, and the distance between adjacent two sides of the R corner in milling is preferably set, so that the R corner at the waveguide groove corner can be accurately processed, the roughness after the R corner is processed is ensured, the missing processing of a local area is avoided, and the processing quality of the waveguide groove can be further ensured;
(4) the processing method of the deep cavity corner cleaning has simple steps and simple and convenient operation, can quickly and accurately realize the processing of the waveguide groove of the waveguide part, avoids the vibration and the breakage of a cutter possibly occurring in the processing process, ensures the processing quality of the waveguide groove, improves the processing efficiency of the waveguide groove, reduces the application cost and the processing cost of the waveguide part, and has better application value and popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of a method for machining a deep cavity corner cleaner in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the tool machining in steps S1 and S2 of the deep cavity corner cutting machining method in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the tool machining in step S3 of the method for chamfering deep cavity according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic position diagram of two adjacent plunge mills in step S3 of the deep cavity corner cutting method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention relates to a deep cavity corner cleaning processing method for waveguide parts, which aims to reduce the breaking probability of a cutter, improve the processing efficiency of an R-angle deep cavity in a waveguide groove, ensure the stability of the processing state of the cutter and enable the roughness of the R-angle of the waveguide groove to reach Ra1.6. Therefore, the processing method of the deep cavity corner cleaning adopted by the invention is shown in figure 1, and comprises the following steps:
s1: the parts of the waveguide slot are roughly milled by using a first end mill T1 with a cutting edge radius far larger than the corner radius of the deep cavity R.
The end milling cutter with the large cutting edge radius is adopted for rough milling, so that the material removal rate during part processing can be greatly improved. Meanwhile, on the premise that the depth of the waveguide groove for part machining is fixed, the machining efficiency can be ensured by adopting the large-radius cutter for machining, the machining stability of the cutter can be ensured, and the cutter is prevented from being broken and damaged. Since the tool is subjected to the axial force and the radial force during machining, the smaller the radius of the machining tool is, the higher the requirement on the rigidity of the machining tool is, in other words, the higher the probability of breaking the tool is. Therefore, when a tool with a smaller radius is selected for rough machining of a part, the machining speed of the tool needs to be strictly controlled, and the strength of the tool per se is ensured to meet the machining requirement.
S2: and (3) finely milling each part of the inner wall surface of the waveguide groove by using a second cutter T2 with the cutting edge radius equal to that of the first end mill T1, so that the roughness of the inner wall surface of the deep cavity meets the processing requirement of parts, and preferably reaches Ra1.6 in the embodiment. And after the tool T2 is finished, the residual area at the R corner of the deep cavity is shown as the shaded part in FIG. 2, and at this time, the roughness of the waveguide part at other positions except the R corner area can meet the processing requirement of the part.
S3: the third tool T3 with a cutting edge radius equal to the radius of the R corner is used to plunge mill the R corner region, that is, plunge mill the shaded portion shown in fig. 3, the plunge milling path of the tool T3 is shown in fig. 3, and is an "L-shaped" tool feeding path formed by a plurality of "cross centers" in sequence, each cross center is exactly the position of the tool axis when plunge milling and feeding the tool T3 each time, that is, the machining position of one R corner, and the tool T3 only needs to plunge mill and machine the tool along the machining path in sequence.
As can be seen from fig. 2 and 3, when R-angle deep cavity machining is performed, the radius of the machining tool cannot be larger than that of the R-angle, otherwise, a partial region cannot be machined, and when the radius of the tool is smaller, higher requirements must be placed on the strength and rigidity of the tool itself. Therefore, in the present invention, the plunge milling cutter T3 having the R-angle is selected as a cutter having a radius equal to the radius of the R-angle, taking the above-mentioned reasons into consideration.
Further, in order to ensure the roughness of the R-angle after the cutter T3 plunge milling, the distance between two adjacent plunge milling processes (D1 and D2) of the cutter T3 and the surface roughness of the R-angle are controlled according to the following formula:
in the formula, L is a plunge milling distance with the unit of mm; ra is the surface roughness required to reach the R angle of the deep cavity, and the unit is mm; r is the cutting edge radius of the tool T3 in mm. The derivation of the above formula can be accurately obtained by combining the pythagorean theorem and the illustration content of fig. 4, and the plunge milling distance of the tool T3 is not more than L in actual machining.
Further preferably, three cutters T1, T2 and T3 in the embodiment can be installed in a three-shaft linkage numerical control milling machine before the waveguide parts are machined, and the three cutters are sequentially controlled according to the steps by means of the corresponding control of the milling machine. Meanwhile, in the whole process of plunge milling, the distance between two adjacent plunge mills and the surface roughness expected to be achieved are preferably controlled according to the formula.
By utilizing the method for processing the deep cavity corner cleaning, the waveguide part can be quickly and accurately processed in the deep cavity, the surface roughness of the R corner of the deep cavity is ensured to meet the application requirement of the part, the cutter is effectively prevented from being broken and damaged in the processing process, the stability and the efficiency of the part processing are ensured, the production and application cost of the waveguide part is reduced, and the method has better application prospect and popularization value.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A processing method of deep cavity corner cleaning is used for deep cavity processing of an R corner of a waveguide part and comprises the following steps,
s1: roughly milling each part of the deep cavity by adopting a first cutter with a cutting edge radius larger than the R angle radius;
s2: finish milling each part of the deep cavity by adopting a second cutter with a cutting edge radius equal to the radius of the first cutter;
s3: performing plunge milling on the R-angle area after finish milling by adopting a third cutter with the cutting edge radius equal to the R-angle radius to finish deep cavity processing of the R-angle; and is
The plunge milling distance of the third cutter during two adjacent plunge mills is not more than L, and the value L satisfies the following formula:
in the formula: l is the plunge milling distance with the unit of mm; ra is the surface roughness required to reach the R angle of the deep cavity, and the unit is mm; r is the cutting edge radius of the third tool in mm.
2. The machining method of the deep cavity corner clearance according to claim 1, wherein a plunge milling path of the third tool in the R-corner machining is in an L shape, and a plunge milling distance between two adjacent plunge mills is equal to L.
3. The deep cavity corner cleaning processing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first tool, the second tool and the third tool are mounted in a numerical control machine tool capable of three-axis linkage.
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| JPH10109211A (en) * | 1996-10-03 | 1998-04-28 | Enshu Ltd | High speed manufacture of pocket by means of trochoid |
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| CN102091919A (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2011-06-15 | 沈阳鼓风机集团有限公司 | Machining method of three-dimensional closed impeller |
| CN103433540A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-11 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Axial milling method for titanium alloy slot cavity structure |
| CN105642976A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2016-06-08 | 江西昌河航空工业有限公司 | Numerical control machining method of T-type groove for aluminum alloy part |
| CN106424884A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-02-22 | 广东鼎泰精密刀具技术有限公司 | Outer contour cutting tool for processing convex R |
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2019
- 2019-07-30 CN CN201910697294.0A patent/CN110394488B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10109211A (en) * | 1996-10-03 | 1998-04-28 | Enshu Ltd | High speed manufacture of pocket by means of trochoid |
| US6745100B1 (en) * | 2000-06-15 | 2004-06-01 | Dassault Systemes | Computerized system for generating a tool path for a pocket |
| CN101428356A (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2009-05-13 | 西安飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for high-efficiency allowance-removing numerical control machining for groove-cavity structured part with corner |
| CN102091919A (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2011-06-15 | 沈阳鼓风机集团有限公司 | Machining method of three-dimensional closed impeller |
| CN103433540A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-11 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Axial milling method for titanium alloy slot cavity structure |
| CN105642976A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2016-06-08 | 江西昌河航空工业有限公司 | Numerical control machining method of T-type groove for aluminum alloy part |
| CN106424884A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-02-22 | 广东鼎泰精密刀具技术有限公司 | Outer contour cutting tool for processing convex R |
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