CN110393571B

CN110393571B - Osteotomy guiding device for unicompartmental knee replacement

Info

Publication number: CN110393571B
Application number: CN201910550340.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 及松洁; 杨丹; 黄野
Original assignee: Beijing Jishuitan Hospital
Current assignee: Beijing Jishuitan Hospital
Priority date: 2019-06-24
Filing date: 2019-06-24
Publication date: 2021-01-15
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-24
Also published as: CN110393571A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of unicompartmental knee joint replacement, in particular to an osteotomy guiding device for unicompartmental knee joint replacement. The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing osteotomy guide cannot realize different osteotomy angles so as to meet different osteotomy requirements. For this purpose, the osteotomy guiding device comprises a positioning part and a guiding part which are pivotally connected, wherein the positioning part can be matched with one side of the tibial plateau so that the pivot axis is parallel to or coplanar with one side of the tibial plateau, the guiding part is provided with an osteotomy groove extending along the direction of the pivot axis, the positioning part and the guiding part are provided with fixing parts for fixing the positioning part and the guiding part to the tibia, and the osteotomy guiding device further comprises an angle indicating component for indicating the size of an included angle between the central plane of the osteotomy groove and one side of the tibial plateau. Through such setting, operating personnel can adjust the contained angle between guide portion and the location portion and make the central plane in osteotomy groove parallel with the tibial plateau of non-osteotomy side or have certain contained angle.

Description

Osteotomy guiding device for unicompartmental knee replacement

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of unicompartmental knee joint replacement, and particularly provides an osteotomy guiding device for unicompartmental knee joint replacement.

Background

Unicompartmental knee replacement is an effective means of treating unicompartmental knee joint diseases. In the operation process, firstly, the diseased bone tissue of the affected tibial plateau needs to be excised. Typically, the osteotomy thickness is estimated with the aid of an osteotomy guide. The guider includes the telescopic montant, and the lower extreme of montant is fixed in ankle department, and the upper end of montant is provided with cuts the bone platform, adjusts through the flexible length of adjustment telescopic link and cuts bone thickness.

However, some patients have tibial varus and the degree of tibial varus varies from patient to patient. To the shin bone does not have the less condition of enstrophe or enstrophe degree, need to make the osteotomy plane that suffers from the side tibial plateau parallel with opposite side tibial plateau when cutting the bone to suffering from the side tibial plateau, and to the more serious condition of enstrophe degree of shin bone, the osteotomy plane that suffers from the side tibial plateau needs to have 3 ~ 5 contained angles with opposite side tibial plateau, and foretell osteotomy director can not satisfy above-mentioned demand.

Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a new osteotomy guide device that addresses the above-mentioned problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, that is, the problem that the existing osteotomy guide cannot realize different osteotomy angles to meet different osteotomy requirements, the present invention provides an osteotomy guide device for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, the osteotomy guide device comprises a positioning portion and a guiding portion which are pivotally connected, the positioning portion can be matched with one side tibial plateau so that a pivot axis is parallel to or coplanar with the one side tibial plateau, an osteotomy groove extending along the direction of the pivot axis is arranged on the guiding portion, fixing members for fixing the positioning portion and the guiding portion to a tibia are arranged on the positioning portion and the guiding portion, and the osteotomy guide device further comprises an angle indicating member for indicating the size of an included angle between a central plane of the osteotomy groove and the one side tibial plateau.

In a preferred embodiment of the osteotomy guiding device, the positioning portion includes a first bar and a positioning assembly disposed on the first bar, the guiding portion includes a second bar, the osteotomy groove is disposed on the second bar, the first bar and the second bar are pivotally connected, and the angle indicating member is disposed at the position of the pivot axis.

In a preferred embodiment of the osteotomy guiding device, the angle indicating member is a dial.

In a preferred embodiment of the osteotomy guide apparatus described above, the positioning assembly includes a third rod and a fourth rod extending in the direction of the pivot axis, the third rod and the fourth rod being configured to abut against the lateral tibial plateau such that the pivot axis is parallel to or coplanar with the lateral tibial plateau.

In an optimal technical scheme of the osteotomy guiding device, the third rod is connected with the first rod in a sliding manner, the first rod is further provided with a first transmission mechanism, and the first transmission mechanism can drive the third rod to slide along the axial direction of the first rod under the action of external force.

In an optimal technical scheme of the osteotomy guiding device, the fourth rod is connected with the first rod in a sliding manner, the first rod is further provided with a second transmission mechanism, and the second transmission mechanism can drive the fourth rod to slide along the axial direction of the first rod under the action of external force.

In a preferred technical solution of the above osteotomy guiding device, the first transmission mechanism includes two first supporting seats, a first screw rod, and a first nut sleeved on the first screw rod, the two first supporting seats are fixed to the first rod, the first screw rod is rotatably connected to the first supporting seats, the first nut is fixedly connected to the third rod, one end of the first screw rod close to the pivot shaft is provided with a first bevel gear coaxial therewith, the first rod is further provided with a rotating member, an axis of the rotating member is parallel to the pivot axis and the rotating member is provided with a second bevel gear coaxial therewith, and the first bevel gear is engaged with the second bevel gear; and/or the second transmission mechanism comprises two second supporting seats, a second screw rod and a second nut sleeved on the second screw rod, the two second supporting seats are fixed on the first rod piece, the second screw rod is rotatably connected with the second supporting seats, the second nut is fixedly connected with the fourth rod piece, one end, close to the pivoting shaft, of the second screw rod is provided with a third bevel gear coaxial with the second screw rod, the first rod piece is further provided with a second rotating piece, the axis of the second rotating piece is parallel to the pivoting shaft, the second rotating piece is provided with a fourth bevel gear coaxial with the second rotating piece, and the third bevel gear is meshed with the fourth bevel gear.

In a preferred embodiment of the osteotomy guide apparatus, the number of the osteotomy grooves is plural, and the plural osteotomy grooves are arranged in parallel.

In a preferred embodiment of the osteotomy guide device, the guide portion is provided with a slide block that can be locked at any position within a set slide range, and the osteotomy groove is provided in the slide block.

In an optimal technical scheme of the osteotomy guiding device, the fixing member includes first fixing plates symmetrically disposed at two sides of the first rod member and second fixing plates symmetrically disposed at two sides of the second rod member, and fixing holes for mounting fixing nails are disposed on the first fixing plates and the second fixing plates.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the osteotomy guiding device comprises a positioning part and a guiding part which are in pivot connection, wherein the positioning part can be matched with the tibial plateau at one side so that a pivot axis is parallel to or coplanar with the tibial plateau at one side, the guiding part is provided with an osteotomy groove extending along the direction of the pivot axis, the positioning part and the guiding part are provided with fixing parts for fixing the positioning part and the guiding part to a tibia, and the osteotomy guiding device further comprises an angle indicating component for indicating the size of an included angle between a central plane of the osteotomy groove and the tibial plateau at one side. Through such setting, cut bone guiding device and make pivot axis and this one side tibial plateau parallel through location portion and one side tibial plateau cooperation, guide portion rotates round the pivot axis and can adjust its upper osteotomy groove and the contained angle of above-mentioned one side tibial plateau, shows this angle size through the angle indicating component to make operating personnel adjust the central plane that makes the osteotomy groove behind the guide portion and parallel or have certain contained angle with above-mentioned one side tibial plateau according to particular case, satisfied the demand of the different condition of cutting the bone.

Drawings

The osteotomy guiding device for a unicompartmental knee replacement of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of an osteotomy guiding device in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a front view of an osteotomy guide assembly according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the construction of an osteotomy guiding device in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;

figure 5 is an elevation view of an osteotomy guiding device in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.

List of reference numerals:

11. a first bar member; 111. a first chute; 12. a positioning assembly; 121. a third bar member; 122. a fourth bar member; 131. a first support base; 132. a first lead screw; 133. a first bevel gear; 134. a first rotating member; 135. a second bevel gear; 141. a second support seat; 142. a second lead screw; 143. a third bevel gear; 144. a second rotating member; 145. a fourth bevel gear; 15. a first fixing plate; 151. a first fixing hole; 21. a second bar member; 211. a second chute; 212. a slider; 213. locking the nut; 22. a osteotomy slot; 23. a second fixing plate; 231. a second fixing hole; 31. a dial scale; 32. indicating the mouth.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For example, in the first embodiment, the number of the osteotomy slots is 3, but the skilled person can adjust the number as required to suit the particular application, e.g. the number of the osteotomy slots may be 1, 2, 4, etc. Obviously, the technical solution after adjustment still falls into the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the osteotomy guiding device of the present invention will be described. Wherein, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an osteotomy guiding device in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1; figure 3 is a front view of an osteotomy guiding device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

In a first embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 3 and with reference to the orientation shown in fig. 3, the osteotomy guide comprises a positioning portion on the left side comprising the first stem 11 and the positioning assembly 12 arranged on the first stem 11, and a guiding portion on the right side comprising the second stem 21, the first stem 11 and the second stem 21 being pivotally connected. The positioning assembly 12 can cooperate with a lateral tibial plateau such that the pivot axes of the first and

second rods

11, 21 are parallel or coplanar with the lateral tibial plateau. A resection groove 22 is provided on the second lever 21, the resection groove 22 extending in the direction of the pivot axis of the first lever 11 and the second lever 21. Preferably, the second shaft 21 is provided with 3 osteotomy grooves 22 arranged in parallel. The position where the first rod 11 and the second rod 21 are pivotally connected is provided with an angle indicating member, such as a circular scale 31, for indicating the size of the included angle between the central plane of the osteotomy groove 22 and the tibial plateau on one side, and the second rod 21 is provided with an indicating port 32 for reading the corresponding scale value on the scale 31 of the size of the included angle between the second rod 21 and the first rod 11 in the current state. A fixing member is provided at the first rod 11 and the second rod 12 for fixing the first rod 11 and the second rod 12 to the tibia.

Specifically, the positioning assembly 12 includes a third rod 121 and a fourth rod 122 extending along the direction of the pivot axes of the first rod 11 and the second rod 21, the first rod 11 is provided with a first sliding slot 111 parallel to the axis thereof, and the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 are both slidably engaged with the first sliding slot 111 so as to slide along the first sliding slot 111. The first rod 11 is further provided with a first transmission mechanism and a second transmission mechanism.

The first transmission mechanism includes two first supporting seats 131, a first lead screw 132 and a first nut (not shown in the figure) sleeved on the first lead screw 132, and the first nut is fixedly mounted on the third rod 121. Two first supporting seats 131 are fixed at the position close to the end of the first sliding chute 111 on the first rod 11, two first supporting seats 131 are provided with mounting holes for the first lead screw 132 to penetrate, the first lead screw 132 can rotate around the axis thereof by matching with the mounting holes through bearings, and the right end of the first lead screw 132 is provided with a first bevel gear 133 coaxial therewith. A first rotating member 134 is arranged on the first rod 11 near the right end of the first lead screw 132, the axis of the first rotating member 134 is parallel to the pivot axes of the first rod 11 and the second rod 21, a second bevel gear 135 coaxial with the first rotating member 134 is arranged on the first rotating member 134, and the first bevel gear 134 is meshed with the second bevel gear 135.

The second transmission mechanism includes two second supporting seats 141, a second screw 142 and a second nut (not shown in the figure) sleeved on the second screw 142, and the second nut is fixedly mounted on the fourth rod 122. The two second supporting seats 141 are fixed at positions on the first rod 11 close to the end of the first sliding chute 111, mounting holes for the second screw 142 to penetrate through are formed in the two second supporting seats 141, the second screw 142 can rotate around the axis of the second screw by matching with the mounting holes through bearings, and a third bevel gear 143 coaxial with the second screw 142 is arranged at the right end of the second screw 142. A second rotating member 144 is arranged on the first rod 11 near the right end of the second lead screw 142, the axis of the second rotating member 144 is parallel to the pivot axes of the first rod 11 and the second rod 21, a fourth bevel gear 145 coaxial with the second rotating member 144 is arranged on the second rotating member 144, and the third bevel gear 144 is meshed with the fourth bevel gear 145.

If the right tibial plateau is cut in the unicompartmental knee replacement process, the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 are abutted to the left tibial plateau, the third rod 121 slides leftwards along the first sliding groove 111 by rotating the first rotating member 134 through the matching transmission of the first bevel gear 133, the second bevel gear 135, the first lead screw 132 and the first nut sleeved with the first lead screw 132, the fourth rod 122 slides rightwards along the first sliding groove 111 by rotating the second rotating member 144 through the matching transmission of the third bevel gear 143, the fourth bevel gear 145, the second lead screw 142 and the second nut sleeved with the second lead screw 142, so that the distance between the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 is increased, the plane of the left tibial plateau is determined more accurately, and then the first rod 11 is fixed on the tibia through the fixing member on the first rod 11. Then, the second rod 21 is pivoted, and the size of the included angle between the second rod 21 and the first rod 11 is read through the indicating port 32, so that the second rod 21 is adjusted to the required angle. When the second lever 21 is pivoted to a desired position, the second lever 21 is fixed to the tibia by a fixing member on the second lever 21. Finally, the osteotomy saw is inserted from the osteotomy groove to osteotomy the right tibial plateau.

Through such setting, can adjust the contained angle of cutting the bone groove relative to the tibial plateau of non-osteotomy side, need divide the condition to select the demand of different osteotomy angles when having satisfied the unilateral tibial plateau and cut the bone in the unicompartmental knee joint replacement art, improve and cut the bone precision, made things convenient for the operation of cutting of unilateral tibial plateau. The third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 are both arranged to be capable of sliding relative to the first rod 11, so that the distance between the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 can be conveniently adjusted, and the plane of the non-osteotomy side tibial plateau can be more accurately determined. Generally, when performing unicompartmental knee replacements, skin incisions are made near the osteotomy side. The third rod 11 and the fourth rod 21 slide along the first sliding groove 111 through the transmission mechanism, the structure is more compact, the first rotating member 134 and the second rotating member 144 only need to be exposed through the incision, the incision does not need to be enlarged, and the operation is convenient. The second rod piece 21 is provided with 3 osteotomy grooves 22 which are arranged in parallel, and the osteotomy operation with different thicknesses can be carried out by selecting different osteotomy grooves 22 according to requirements.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 are both configured to slide relative to the first rod 11 is only a preferred embodiment, and those skilled in the art can adjust them as needed to suit the specific application, for example, only one of the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 may be configured to slide relative to the first rod 11, and the other is fixedly connected to the first rod 11, and accordingly, a set of transmission mechanisms is provided on the first rod 11; it is also possible to fixedly connect both the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 to the first rod 11, so that the plane of the tibial plateau of the non-osteotomy side is determined directly by the abutment of the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 against the tibial plateau of the side. Of course, the positioning assembly may not define the plane of the non-osteotomy-side tibial plateau by the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122, for example, the positioning assembly may define the plane of the non-osteotomy-side tibial plateau by a plate disposed on the first rod 11 parallel to the pivot axes of the first rod 11 and the second rod 21. In addition, the number of the osteotomy slots 22 is 3 for illustrative purposes only, and those skilled in the art can adjust the number of the osteotomy slots 22 as needed to suit the specific application, such as 1, 2, 4, etc.

In addition, the above combination of the screw nut transmission mechanism and the bevel gear transmission mechanism is only a preferred embodiment, and those skilled in the art can adjust the screw nut transmission mechanism as required to adapt to specific applications, for example, the transmission mechanism can also be configured as a belt transmission mechanism, for example, two belt pulleys can be arranged on two sides of the first chute 111, an annular belt is sleeved on the two belt pulleys, the third rod 121 or the fourth rod 122 is fixedly connected with the annular belt, and the annular belt is moved by rotating one belt pulley to drive the third rod 121 or the fourth rod 122 to slide along the first chute 111; the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 may be fixedly connected to the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 by two links parallel to the axis of the first rod 11, and the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 may slide along the first sliding groove 111 by pushing and pulling the links. Of course, the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism may be the same or different.

It will also be understood by those skilled in the art that the circular dial 31 is only a specific embodiment, and those skilled in the art can adjust it as required to suit specific applications, for example, the angle indicating member can be a semicircular dial, or can be a plurality of radial pointers arranged around the pivot axes of the first rod 11 and the second rod 21, and the adjacent pointers have the same included angle, for example, 7 radial pointers are arranged, wherein 1 pointer always coincides with the axis of the first rod 11, and the other 6 pointers are evenly distributed on both sides of the axis of the first rod 11, and the included angle between each pointer is 1 °, so that the second rod 21 can form included angles of 1 °, 2 °, and 3 ° with the first rod 11 on both sides of the first rod 11; or other suitable angle indicating member, etc. In addition, the positioning portion including the first rod 11 and the positioning assembly disposed on the first rod 11 and the guiding portion including the second rod 21 are only a specific embodiment, and those skilled in the art can adjust them as needed to suit specific applications, for example, the positioning portion may include a first rectangular block and a positioning plate disposed on the first rectangular block, the guiding portion includes a second rectangular block, and the osteotomy groove is disposed on the second rectangular block. That is, the shapes of the positioning portion and the guide portion are not limited to the rod member.

With continued reference to fig. 1 and 3, preferably, the fixing member on the first rod 11 includes two first fixing plates 15 symmetrically disposed on both sides of the axis of the first rod 11, and the first fixing plates 15 are provided with first fixing holes 151 for mounting fixing nails. The fixing member on the second rod 21 includes two second fixing plates 23 symmetrically disposed on two sides of the axis of the second rod 21, and the second fixing plates 23 are provided with second fixing holes 231 for installing fixing nails. With this arrangement, the osteotomy guide device of the present invention can be applied not only to right-side tibial plateau osteotomy but also to left-side tibial plateau osteotomy. In the use process, the osteotomy guiding device can be used only by rotating the osteotomy guiding device by 180 degrees.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an osteotomy guiding device in a second embodiment of the present invention; figure 5 is an elevation view of an osteotomy guiding device in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.

In a second embodiment of the invention, shown in figures 4 and 5 and according to the orientation shown in figure 5, the position of the osteotomy groove 22 on the second rod 21 is not fixed, unlike the first embodiment. Specifically, two parallel second sliding grooves 211 extending in the vertical direction are provided on the second rod 21, the sliding block 212 is connected to the second sliding grooves 211 through lock nuts at both ends and can slide up and down along the second sliding grooves 211, and the osteotomy groove 22 is provided on the sliding block 212. In use, after the angle between the first rod 11 and the second rod 21 is adjusted to a target angle and fixed, the sliding block 212 is moved up and down as required to adjust the position of the osteotomy groove 22 to a desired position to achieve a desired osteotomy thickness, and then the locking nut 213 is tightened to lock the sliding block 212. By such an arrangement, the position of the osteotomy groove can be continuously adjusted, thereby achieving adjustment of different osteotomy sizes.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that a dovetail groove may be provided on the second rod 21, a dovetail block may be provided on the sliding block 212, the dovetail block is slidably engaged with the dovetail groove, a tightening nut may be provided on the sliding block 212, and the sliding block 212 may be locked by selecting the tightening nut to abut the end of the tightening nut against the second rod 21.

As will be understood by those skilled in the art, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the osteotomy guiding device includes a positioning portion and a guiding portion, the positioning portion includes a first rod 11 and a positioning assembly 12 disposed on the first rod 11, the guiding portion includes a second rod 21, the first rod 11 and the second rod 21 are pivotally connected, the positioning assembly 12 can be matched with the tibial plateau on one side so that the pivot axis is parallel to or coplanar with the tibial plateau on one side, a osteotomy groove extending along the pivot axis is disposed on the guiding portion, fixing elements for fixing the positioning portion and the guiding portion to the tibia are disposed on the positioning portion and the guiding portion, and the osteotomy guiding device further includes an angle indicating member for indicating the size of the included angle between the central plane of the osteotomy groove and the tibial plateau on one side. Through such setting, cut bone guiding device and make pivot axis and this one side tibial plateau parallel through location portion and one side tibial plateau cooperation, guide portion rotates round the pivot axis and can adjust its upper osteotomy groove and the contained angle of above-mentioned one side tibial plateau, shows this angle size through the angle indicating component to make operating personnel adjust the central plane that makes the osteotomy groove behind the guide portion and parallel or have certain contained angle with above-mentioned one side tibial plateau according to particular case, satisfied the demand of the different condition of cutting the bone.

So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An osteotomy guide for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, the osteotomy guide comprising a positioning portion and a guiding portion pivotally connected, the positioning portion being capable of cooperating with a tibial plateau on one side so that a pivot axis is parallel to or coplanar with the tibial plateau on one side, the guiding portion being provided with an osteotomy slot extending in the direction of the pivot axis, the positioning portion and the guiding portion being provided with fixing members for fixing the positioning portion and the guiding portion to a tibia, the osteotomy guide further comprising an angle indicating member for indicating the size of an included angle between a central plane of the osteotomy slot and the tibial plateau on one side;

the positioning part comprises a first rod and a positioning assembly arranged on the first rod, the guiding part comprises a second rod, the osteotomy groove is arranged on the second rod, the first rod and the second rod are in pivot connection, and the angle indicating member is arranged at the position of the pivot axis;

the positioning assembly includes third and fourth bars extending in the direction of the pivot axis for abutting against the lateral tibial plateau so that the pivot axis is parallel or coplanar with the lateral tibial plateau.

2. The osteotomy guide of claim 1, wherein said angle indicating member is a dial.

3. The osteotomy guiding device of claim 1, wherein the third rod is slidably connected to the first rod, and the first rod is further provided with a first transmission mechanism, and the first transmission mechanism can drive the third rod to slide along the axial direction of the first rod under the action of an external force.

4. The osteotomy guiding device of claim 3, wherein said fourth rod is slidably coupled to said first rod, said first rod further comprising a second transmission mechanism, said second transmission mechanism being capable of driving said fourth rod to slide along an axial direction of said first rod under an external force.

5. The osteotomy guiding device of claim 4, wherein the first transmission mechanism comprises two first supporting seats, a first lead screw and a first nut sleeved on the first lead screw, the two first supporting seats are fixed on the first rod, the first lead screw is rotatably connected with the first supporting seats, the first nut is fixedly connected with the third rod, one end of the first lead screw close to the pivot axis is provided with a first bevel gear coaxial therewith, the first rod is further provided with a first rotating member, the axis of the first rotating member is parallel to the pivot axis and the first rotating member is provided with a second bevel gear coaxial therewith, and the first bevel gear is engaged with the second bevel gear;

and/or the second transmission mechanism comprises two second supporting seats, a second screw rod and a second nut sleeved on the second screw rod, the two second supporting seats are fixed on the first rod piece, the second screw rod is rotatably connected with the second supporting seats, the second nut is fixedly connected with the fourth rod piece, one end, close to the pivot axis, of the second screw rod is provided with a third bevel gear coaxial with the second screw rod, the first rod piece is further provided with a second rotating piece, the axis of the second rotating piece is parallel to the pivot axis, the second rotating piece is provided with a fourth bevel gear coaxial with the second rotating piece, and the third bevel gear is meshed with the fourth bevel gear.

6. The osteotomy guiding device of any one of claims 1-5, wherein said osteotomy groove is plural in number, said plural osteotomy grooves being arranged in parallel.

7. The osteotomy guide of any one of claims 1-5, wherein a sliding block is provided on said guide, said sliding block being lockable in any position within a set sliding range, said osteotomy groove being provided on said sliding block.

8. The osteotomy guiding device of claim 1, wherein said fixing member comprises a first fixing plate symmetrically disposed on both sides of said first rod and a second fixing plate symmetrically disposed on both sides of said second rod, said first fixing plate and said second fixing plate having fixing holes for fixing nails.