CN110393525A - A kind of brain activity detection method based on deep-cycle self-encoding encoder - Google Patents

A kind of brain activity detection method based on deep-cycle self-encoding encoder Download PDF

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CN110393525A
CN110393525A CN201910526926.7A CN201910526926A CN110393525A CN 110393525 A CN110393525 A CN 110393525A CN 201910526926 A CN201910526926 A CN 201910526926A CN 110393525 A CN110393525 A CN 110393525A
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brain
deep
signal
cycle
brain activity
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CN110393525B (en
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陈耀武
崔彦
谢立
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves 
    • A61B5/055Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves  involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/242Detecting biomagnetic fields, e.g. magnetic fields produced by bioelectric currents
    • A61B5/245Detecting biomagnetic fields, e.g. magnetic fields produced by bioelectric currents specially adapted for magnetoencephalographic [MEG] signals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/369Electroencephalography [EEG]
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/40Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the nervous system
    • A61B5/4058Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the nervous system for evaluating the central nervous system
    • A61B5/4064Evaluating the brain
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7235Details of waveform analysis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7235Details of waveform analysis
    • A61B5/7264Classification of physiological signals or data, e.g. using neural networks, statistical classifiers, expert systems or fuzzy systems
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02Devices for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/03Computerised tomographs
    • A61B6/037Emission tomography

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of brain activity detection methods based on deep-cycle self-encoding encoder, comprising: receives brain signal, and pre-processes to brain signal;Using the brain signal at each moment as input matrix, dimension-reduction treatment is carried out using brain signal of the space characteristics extraction unit to input, extracts the space characteristics of brain signal;Memory, output timing behavioral characteristics are updated using space characteristics of the deep-cycle coding unit to each moment;Prediction is updated to timing behavioral characteristics using deep-cycle decoding unit, exports the time-sequential activity mode of prediction;Reconstructed mapped is carried out using time-sequential activity mode of the space characteristics reconstruction unit to prediction, restores brain signal.The brain activity detection method detects the temporal characteristics of brain activity and the spatial model of brain network by timing memory circular treatment, feature extraction and the automatic Reconstruction to brain signal, to provide effective ways without the brain activity detection on mark signal data.

Description

A kind of brain activity detection method based on deep-cycle self-encoding encoder
Technical field
The invention belongs to brain brain-computer interface fields, and in particular to a kind of brain activity based on deep-cycle self-encoding encoder Detection method.
Background technique
The brain organ the most complicated as the mankind, is concerned the research and exploration of its structure and function.Always with Come, the researcher of Neuscience is dedicated to the research to brain, using different Modeling Method brains to extraneous letter The structure and movable mold for the brain network that reception, coding, response and the brain inside of breath or stimulus signal mutually cooperate Formula.
Studies have shown that when brain receives environmental stimuli, the conduction for carrying out signal, generation movement consciousness, cerebral nerve The electrical activity of metasystem can occur to change accordingly.Brain machine interface system is exactly the change by detecting the electroneurographic signal of brain Change, the characteristic signal of analysis brain response, to detect the active state of brain.Further, it is stimulated generation in brain When movable, brain magnetic field, blood oxygen concentration content etc. can all generate corresponding variation, then can by magneticencephalogram, magnetic resonance at More various, the higher data acquisition means of resolution ratio such as picture, to detect more complicated brain activity.
More and more evidences show that cerebral function is by nervous activity that is varied while carrying out and brain net Network is realized.Existing multiple hypotheses driving model and data-driven model model brain at present, including general linear Model (GLM), principal component analysis (PCA), independent component analysis (ICA) and sparse expression method.Meanwhile in recent years, with mind Continuous development through network and deep learning method, convolutional neural networks (CNN), depth confidence network (DBN), limited Bohr are hereby The models such as graceful machine (RBM) also present advantage of the deep learning method in brain activity detection.However due to the activity of brain Be essentially prolonged signal sequence, at present for most of the detection model of brain activity be it is simple according to current time or The active state of collected brain signal prediction subsequent time in the very short time, to the long-term dependence in brain activity There are no more effective research methods.On the other hand, under current medical condition, although a large amount of multiple types can be collected The brain signal of type, but to the mark need of work of signal largely experienced image department doctor or researcher, so, it is right Utilization without mark signal is particularly important in brain science research.
It is therefore proposed that it is a kind of based on without mark brain signal, and can efficiently use long-time brain signal sequence Implicit information carry out brain activity detection method, to cerebral function and it is movable research will be very significant.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of brain activity detection methods based on deep-cycle self-encoding encoder, by brain signal Timing memory circular treatment, feature extraction and automatic Reconstruction, detect the temporal characteristics of brain activity and the spatial mode of brain network Formula, to provide effective ways without the brain activity detection on mark signal data.
For achieving the above object, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:
A kind of brain activity detection method based on deep-cycle self-encoding encoder, comprising the following steps:
Brain signal is received, and brain signal is pre-processed;
Using the brain signal at each moment as input matrix, using space characteristics extraction unit to the brain signal of input Dimension-reduction treatment is carried out, the space characteristics of brain signal are extracted;
It is updated memory using space characteristics of the deep-cycle coding unit to each moment, output timing dynamic is special Sign;
Prediction is updated to timing behavioral characteristics using deep-cycle decoding unit, exports the time-sequential activity mould of prediction Formula;
Reconstructed mapped is carried out using time-sequential activity mode of the space characteristics reconstruction unit to prediction, restores brain signal.
Above-mentioned brain signal includes local field potentials (Local Field Potential, LFP), electroencephalogram (Electroencephalogram, EEG), magneticencephalogram (Magnetoencephalography, MEG), positron emission fault Be imaged (Positron Emission Tomography, PET), magnetic resonance imaging (Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI) etc..
The brain signal of acquisition is influenced by heartbeat, breathing, head movement etc., can generate different degrees of noise and partially It moves.Carrying out pretreatment to brain signal includes: skull removal, the dynamic correction of head, slice time adjustment, space smoothing, global drift The processing such as elimination, filtering and noise reduction, normalization.
Space characteristics extraction unit mainly carries out dimension-reduction treatment to the brain signal at each moment of input, and it is special to extract space Sign, reduces the data volume of subsequent processes.In the space characteristics extraction unit, all kinds of mathematical analysis sides can be used Trained neural network can also be used such as principal component analysis, independent component analysis in method, such as full Connection Neural Network, convolution Neural network, depth confidence network, limited Boltzmann machine carry out space characteristics extraction to input brain signal.Further, In the space characteristics extraction unit, space characteristics extraction is carried out using the full Connection Neural Network through overfitting, to utilize Lesser calculation amount obtains preferable feature extraction effect.
Deep-cycle coding unit mainly remembers not the time-sequential activity being hidden in each moment brain signal It is disconnected to update, extract the time-series dynamics feature of brain activity.Preferably, in the deep-cycle coding unit, process is utilized Trained Recognition with Recurrent Neural Network realizes that the memory to the time-series dynamics feature of brain activity is updated and extracted.
Deep-cycle decoding unit is true by simulating mainly using the time-series dynamics feature for having depth coding unit to extract Brain activity and response process, the brain activity at each moment is predicted and is updated, the time-sequential activity mould of brain is obtained Formula.Preferably, it in the deep-cycle decoding unit, is realized using trained Recognition with Recurrent Neural Network to brain activity The update and prediction of time-sequential activity mode.
Space characteristics reconstruction unit is mainly used for per a period of time in the time-sequential activity mode for predicting deep-cycle decoding unit The active state at quarter maps back practical brain signal space, obtains complete brain activity signal estimation in all time serieses. Meanwhile each of space characteristics reconstruction unit element, the spatial distribution of a brain activity brain network is all represented, can be used In visualization, the spatial character of brain activity brain network is intuitively shown.Preferably, in the space characteristics reconstruction unit In, using trained full Connection Neural Network obtain brain activity brain network spatial distribution and complete brain activity signal Prediction.
The device have the advantages that are as follows:
The present invention can use the brain signal data of no mark, and it is living sufficiently to excavate the feature implied in brain clock signal Dynamic model formula, active state and brain network to brain are detected and are predicted.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to do simply to introduce, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art, can be with root under the premise of not making the creative labor Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is that the system structure of the brain activity detection method provided by the invention based on deep-cycle self-encoding encoder is illustrated Figure;
Fig. 2 is the working principle diagram of the brain activity detection method provided by the invention based on deep-cycle self-encoding encoder;
In fig. 1 and 2, (a) is brain signal, (b) is signal processing unit, (c) is space characteristics extraction unit, (d) it is deep-cycle coding unit, is (e) the time-series dynamics feature extracted, (f) is deep-cycle decoding unit, (g) be space Feature reconstruction unit, (h) brain signal to restore.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments to this Invention is described in further detail.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, And the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited.
Fig. 1 is the realization system structure of the brain activity detection method provided by the invention based on deep-cycle self-encoding encoder Schematic diagram, the system successively include signal processing unit, space characteristics extraction unit, deep-cycle coding unit, deep-cycle Decoding unit and space characteristics reconstruction unit.Fig. 2 is the working principle of the invention figure, is expansion of the Fig. 1 in time dimension. It can be observed from fig. 2 that deep-cycle coding unit and deep-cycle decoding unit are associated on time dimension, when current Signal and the before behavioral characteristics co-determination at moment of the behavioral characteristics at quarter by current time.
Assuming that can collect signal from M brain locus, each position collects the signal of T time span altogether.It is right Original brain signal carries out skull removal, head moves and corrects, be sliced time adjustment, space smoothing, global drift elimination, filter and drop It makes an uproar, after normalized, signal matrix S can be obtained, the dimension of S is N × T, and wherein the signal vector of t moment is St, T moment Signal vector be sequentially inputted to space characteristics extraction unit sequentially in time, extract the signal space feature at each moment Vector At
Later, spatial signature vectors A extraction obtainedtIt is input to deep-cycle coding unit sequentially in time, together When, the behavioral characteristics vector F of previous moment deep-cycle coding unit outputt-1It is also input to deep-cycle coding unit.It answers As explanation, the behavioral characteristics vector F of previous moment deep-cycle coding unit outputt-1It is by the letter at all moment before Number accumulation codetermine.Each of the time-series dynamics eigenmatrix F being made of all moment time-series dynamics feature vectors Dimension all represents a kind of time-series dynamics feature.
Similarly, the time-series dynamics feature of extraction is inputted into deep-cycle decoding unit and space characteristics reconstruction unit, it can Restore brain signal.During restoring the signal of brain, space characteristics reconstruction unit, can be with by the update of constantly iteration The optimal weights matrix W for restoring brain signal is found, while being exactly that brain is living represented by each of W weight vectors The spatial distribution of a brain network during dynamic.
In the present embodiment, space characteristics extraction unit uses the full Connection Neural Network comprising 128 neurons, deep It spends loop coding unit and deep-cycle decoding unit uses the Recognition with Recurrent Neural Network of 2 layers of structure, wherein every layer of circulation nerve net Network includes 64 long-term short-term memory unit (LSTM) or gating cycle unit (GRU).To timing behavioral characteristics F in this example implementation Dimension be set as 32, show in implementation process simultaneously to detect 32 behavioral characteristics.Space characteristics reconstruction unit The full Connection Neural Network comprising 32~128 neurons is used, showing can be to 32~128 brain net in implementation process Network is detected.
Technical solution of the present invention and beneficial effect is described in detail in the upper specific embodiment, it should be understood that Be to be not intended to restrict the invention the foregoing is merely presently most preferred embodiment of the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention Interior done any modification, supplementary, and equivalent replacement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of brain activity detection method based on deep-cycle self-encoding encoder, comprising the following steps:
Brain signal is received, and brain signal is pre-processed;
Using the brain signal at each moment as input matrix, carried out using brain signal of the space characteristics extraction unit to input The space characteristics of brain signal are extracted in dimension-reduction treatment;
Memory, output timing behavioral characteristics are updated using space characteristics of the deep-cycle coding unit to each moment;
Prediction is updated to timing behavioral characteristics using deep-cycle decoding unit, exports the time-sequential activity mode of prediction;
Reconstructed mapped is carried out using time-sequential activity mode of the space characteristics reconstruction unit to prediction, restores brain signal.
2. as described in claim 1 based on the brain activity detection method of deep-cycle self-encoding encoder, which is characterized in that big It includes: that skull removes, head moves correction, slice time adjustment, space smoothing, global elimination of drifting about, filter that brain signal, which carries out pretreatment, Wave and noise reduction, normalization.
3. as described in claim 1 based on the brain activity detection method of deep-cycle self-encoding encoder, which is characterized in that in institute It states in space characteristics extraction unit, using principal component analysis, independent component analysis, trained full Connection Neural Network, volume Product neural network, depth confidence network or limited Boltzmann machine carry out space characteristics extraction to input brain signal.
4. as described in claim 1 based on the brain activity detection method of deep-cycle self-encoding encoder, which is characterized in that in institute Deep-cycle coding unit is stated, realizes the note to the time-series dynamics feature of brain activity using trained Recognition with Recurrent Neural Network Recall update and extraction;
In deep-cycle decoding unit, the time-sequential activity mould to brain activity is realized using trained Recognition with Recurrent Neural Network The update and prediction of formula.
5. as described in claim 1 based on the brain activity detection method of deep-cycle self-encoding encoder, which is characterized in that in institute It states in space characteristics reconstruction unit, obtains the spatial distribution of brain activity brain network using trained full Connection Neural Network With complete brain activity signal estimation.
6. the brain activity detection method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 based on deep-cycle self-encoding encoder, feature It is, the brain signal includes local field potentials, electroencephalogram, magneticencephalogram, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging.
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